Charger

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of communication, in particular to a charger. The charger comprises a charging module which is used for supplying power to the power receiving equipment under the condition that the charger is connected to the commercial power; the connecting circuit is connected between the plug of the charger and the charging module, and a thermistor NTC with a negative temperature coefficient is arranged in the connecting circuit; and the bypass module is used for bypassing the NTC when the charging module is in the working state. According to the charger provided by the invention, the NTC with a relatively large resistance value can be selected, and the NTC resistance value is relatively large when the plug is connected into the socket, so that the input impact current is inhibited, and the ignition problem is avoided. And when the charger enters a working state, the NTC with a relatively large resistance value is bypassed through the bypass module, so that the loss of the NTC is reduced, and meanwhile, the temperature rise of the NTC is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a charger. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of charger technology, the power of chargers continues to increase, which makes the internal capacitor capacity of chargers also increase. When the charger is in working state, it needs to charge the internal capacitor of the charger, and the increase in capacitor capacity means the increase in current. The instantaneous current of the high-power chargers currently used can reach hundreds of amperes. When the charger plug contacts the socket, the instantaneous current of hundreds of amperes may break through the air to generate electric sparks, causing the charger plug to ignite.

[0003] In the related art, the inrush current input when the charger plug is connected can be reduced by adding a thermistor NTC with a negative temperature coefficient of large impedance. However, as mentioned above, as the charger power increases, the input current increases. In order to reduce the inrush current input by the charger, the impedance of the NTC also needs to be increased accordingly, resulting in more losses on the NTC and higher temperature rise.

[0004] In order to avoid power consumption waste on the NTC and balance the temperature rise and impact current, the related technology cannot use NTC with large impedance in high-power chargers, so it is impossible to effectively alleviate the plug ignition problem. The plug ignition phenomenon of high-power chargers is still relatively serious. Utility Model Content

[0005] In order to overcome the problems existing in the related art, the present disclosure provides a charger that can solve the above problems.

[0006] According to a first aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, a charger is provided, the charger comprising:

[0007] A charging module, used to supply power to the powered device when the charger is connected to the mains;

[0008] A connecting line, connected between the charger plug and the charging module, wherein a negative temperature coefficient thermistor NTC is provided in the connecting line;

[0009] The bypass module is used to bypass the NTC when the charging module is in working state.

[0010] In some embodiments, the bypass module comprises:

[0011] A switching device is connected in parallel on both sides of the NTC;

[0012] A detection circuit connected to the charging module;

[0013] The switch switching module is respectively connected to the detection circuit and the switch device, and is used to receive a level signal representing the state of the charging module from the detection circuit, and send a conduction signal to the switch device to bypass the NTC when the level signal represents that the charging module is in a working state.

[0014] In some embodiments, the switching device includes a field effect MOS tube.

[0015] In some embodiments, the switch switching module is specifically used to:

[0016] When the level signal transmitted from the detection circuit is not lower than a preset level, sending a conduction signal to the MOS tube to turn on the MOS tube;

[0017] When the level signal transmitted from the detection circuit is lower than a preset level, a shutdown signal is sent to the MOS tube to shut down the MOS tube.

[0018] In some embodiments, the switch switching module includes:

[0019] Switch control chip and power supply circuit, among which,

[0020] The power supply circuit is connected to the power supply end of the switch control chip and is used to supply power to the switch control chip.

[0021] In some embodiments, the charger further comprises:

[0022] The voltage stabilizing module is connected to the power supply circuit and is used to stabilize the voltage provided by the power supply circuit to the switch switching module.

[0023] In some embodiments, the voltage regulation module includes a clamping circuit.

[0024] In some embodiments, the charger further comprises:

[0025] The filter module is connected to the power supply line and is used to reduce electromagnetic interference in the power supply line.

[0026] In some embodiments, the filtering module includes an RC filtering circuit.

[0027] In some embodiments, the RC filter circuit includes a first capacitor, and the first capacitor includes:

[0028] A first electrode, a second electrode and a third electrode, wherein the third electrode is located between the first electrode and the second electrode and forms two capacitors equivalent to being connected in series with the first electrode and the second electrode respectively.

[0029] The technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure may have the following beneficial effects:

[0030] The charger proposed in the present disclosure can use a larger resistance NTC. When the plug is connected to the socket, the NTC resistance is larger, thereby suppressing the input impact current and avoiding the problem of sparking. When the charger enters the working state, the NTC with a larger resistance is bypassed through the bypass module to reduce the loss of the NTC and reduce the temperature rise of the NTC. Because the bypass module is used, the NTC can be bypassed after the charger enters the working state, so that a higher resistance NTC can be used to avoid the sparking phenomenon of the high-power charger, and avoid the high loss and high temperature rise caused by the use of a high resistance NTC.

[0031] It is to be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the present disclosure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this disclosure, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present disclosure.

[0033] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a charger according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0034] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of a charger according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0035] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of a charger according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0036] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of a capacitor according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] Exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the drawings, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present disclosure. Instead, they are merely examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of the present disclosure as detailed in the appended claims.

[0038] The terms used in this disclosure are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit the disclosure. The singular forms of "a", "said" and "the" used in this disclosure and the appended claims are also intended to include plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and / or" used herein refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more associated listed items.

[0039] It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used in the present disclosure to describe various information, such information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish the same type of information from each other. For example, without departing from the scope of the present disclosure, the first information may also be referred to as the second information, and similarly, the second information may also be referred to as the first information. Depending on the context, the word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "at the time of" or "when" or "in response to determining".

[0040] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present disclosure proposes a charger.

[0041] Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic diagram of a charger according to an embodiment of the present invention. The charger can be used to power any power receiving terminal by connecting to the mains. The terminal includes but is not limited to mobile phones, tablet computers, wearable devices, sensors, Internet of Things devices and other communication devices.

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, the charger includes:

[0043] A charging module 110, used to supply power to the powered device when the charger is connected to the mains;

[0044] A connecting line 120, connected between the charger plug and the charging module, wherein a negative temperature coefficient thermistor NTC is provided in the connecting line;

[0045] The bypass module 130 is used to bypass the NTC when the charging module is in working state.

[0046] It should be noted that the drawings of the present disclosure only show part of the connection relationship between the functional modules of the charger, and the remaining circuits and components have been omitted and are not shown.

[0047] In some embodiments, the charging module 110 is connected to AC power via a connection line 120 and a plug.

[0048] When the plug is inserted into the socket, the connection line 120 can connect the live wire (L) and the neutral wire (N), so that the charging module 110 is connected to the mains to charge the capacitor contained in the charging module 110, so that the charging module 110 enters the working state.

[0049] In order to avoid sparking caused by excessive instantaneous current when the plug is connected to the socket, a negative temperature coefficient thermistor (NTC) can be installed in the connection line. Because the resistance of NTC is large, it can effectively reduce the instantaneous current and avoid the spark caused by the current breaking through the air, that is, avoid the sparking problem.

[0050] However, if the power of the charging module in the charger is large, it is necessary to suppress the sparking phenomenon and a larger NTC resistance is required. After the charger is connected to the mains, the charging module enters the working state. At this time, the plug contacts the metal sheet in the socket and no longer causes the sparking problem. In this case, the larger resistance NTC will produce larger losses and increase the temperature rise, affecting the overall temperature rise of the charger.

[0051] In some embodiments, the bypass module 130 is used to bypass the NTC when the charging module is in operation.

[0052] The bypass module 130 may be Figure 1 As shown in FIG. , the two ends of the NTC are connected in parallel, and the NTC is bypassed when the charging module 110 is in working state.

[0053] At this time, the current in the connection line 120 will not pass through the NTC, and the NTC is bypassed by the bypass module 130, so no loss will be generated and no temperature rise will be caused. Therefore, there is no need to consider the loss and temperature rise caused by the large resistance value of the NTC.

[0054] The charger proposed in the present disclosure can bypass the NTC in the connection line by using the bypass module when the charging module is in working state, thereby avoiding the power loss caused by the NTC resistance after the plug is connected to the socket, and avoiding the influence of the NTC temperature rise on the overall temperature rise of the charger. At the moment when the plug is inserted into the socket, since the NTC is arranged in the connection line, the impact current input at the moment of insertion can be effectively reduced, thereby avoiding the spark phenomenon when the high-power charger plug is connected to the mains.

[0055] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a charger according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0056] like Figure 2As shown, the connection line 120 includes from left to right: a fuse (Fuse, F1) connected to the live wire, an NTC connected to the neutral wire, then a low frequency (Low Frequency, LF) common mode inductor, and then a rectifier bridge composed of 4 diodes (Diode, D for short) for converting the AC power of the mains into DC power to supply power to the charging module 110.

[0057] The charging module 110 may include a π-type filter circuit composed of one inductor (L) and two electrolytic capacitors (EC for short) for supplying power to the powered device.

[0058] The functions of the above-mentioned circuit elements in the charging module 110 and the connecting circuit 120 can be referred to in the related art, and the present disclosure will not elaborate on them here.

[0059] like Figure 2 As shown, based on the above charger circuit, the present disclosure connects a bypass module 130 in parallel at both ends of the NTC, and through the bypass module 130, the NTC is bypassed when the charging module 110 is in a working state, thereby avoiding the loss and temperature rise caused by the NTC when the charger is in a working state. The influence on the charger.

[0060] In some embodiments, the bypass module includes: a switching device connected in parallel on both sides of the NTC; a detection circuit connected to the charging module; a switch switching module, connected to the detection circuit and the switching device, respectively, for receiving a level signal from the detection circuit representing the state of the charging module, and sending a conduction signal to the switching device to bypass the NTC when the level signal represents that the charging module is in a working state.

[0061] The detection circuit is connected to the charging module, so that the voltage of the capacitor of the charging module can be obtained to transmit the corresponding level signal to the switch switching module.

[0062] After receiving the level signal transmitted by the detection line, the switch switching module compares it with the preset level. If the charging module is in working state, the received level signal is not less than the preset level, triggering a conduction signal to the switch device, so that the switch device is turned on, thereby bypassing the NTC.

[0063] In some embodiments, the switching device includes a field effect MOS tube.

[0064] The gate of the MOS tube can be connected to the output end of the switch switching module so as to be turned on when the switch switching module outputs a conduction signal.

[0065] In some embodiments, the switch switching module is specifically used to: when the level signal transmitted from the detection circuit is not lower than a preset level, send a turn-on signal to the MOS tube to turn on the MOS tube; when the level signal transmitted from the detection circuit is lower than a preset level, send a turn-off signal to the MOS tube to turn off the MOS tube.

[0066] The MOS tube is in the off state by default. Since the detection circuit is connected to the charging module, the level signal transmitted by the detection circuit can represent the voltage of the capacitor on the charging module, thereby reflecting the working state of the charging module.

[0067] When the level signal transmitted by the detection circuit is not lower than the preset level, the voltage of the capacitor in the charging module is relatively large, which means that the charger has been connected to the mains and the charging module is in working state. After being in working state, the plug ignition problem may not occur, so at this time, the MOS tube can be turned on by the conduction signal to bypass the NTC and avoid the loss and temperature rise of the NTC.

[0068] In some embodiments, the switch switching module includes: a switch control chip and a power supply circuit, wherein the power supply circuit is connected to a power supply end of the switch control chip to supply power to the switch control chip.

[0069] The switch control chip includes an integrated circuit (IC), which can output a conduction signal to the MOS tube through an output terminal when conditions are met based on a level signal provided by a detection circuit.

[0070] The power supply circuit is connected to the power supply end of the switch control chip and is used to supply power to the switch control chip.

[0071] In some embodiments, the power supply circuit may include but is not limited to: an auxiliary winding for powering the switch control chip, a current limiting resistor connected to the auxiliary winding, the current limiting resistor is connected to a rectifier diode, and then connected to a VCC capacitor and a bypass capacitor, and then connected to the power supply end of the switch control chip for power supply.

[0072] In some embodiments, the switch control chip may include 6 pins.

[0073] Pin 1 is a power supply pin, which is connected to a power supply circuit. The auxiliary winding included in the power supply circuit can only generate voltage after the charger is connected to the mains and operates normally.

[0074] Pin 2 is the ground pin of the switch control chip.

[0075] Pin 3 is a reserved pin and is not connected.

[0076] Pin 4 is a high-voltage startup pin, which can be connected to the connection line 120. Before the charging module 110 of the charger is not operating normally, it can be connected to the mains through the connection line 120, so that after rectifying the AC power, power is supplied to the switch control chip, so that the switch control chip can be started.

[0077] When the charger operates normally and the switch control chip is started, the impedance in the circuit connected to the high-voltage start pin is large and the auxiliary winding can generate voltage at this time. Therefore, after the charger operates normally, the voltage of the switch control chip is provided by the power supply line.

[0078] Pin 5 is a capacitor voltage detection pin, which can be connected to a detection circuit. Since the other end of the detection circuit is connected to the charging module, the voltage of the capacitor in the charging module can be monitored through the detection circuit.

[0079] Pin 6 is the drive pin, or output terminal, connected to the switch device. When the switch control chip detects that the capacitor voltage is not lower than the preset voltage, the charging module of the charger is in normal working state, and sends a conduction signal to the switch device to turn on the switch device and bypass the NTC; when the switch control chip detects that the capacitor voltage is lower than the preset voltage, the switch device is controlled to turn off.

[0080] In some embodiments, the charger further includes: a voltage stabilizing module connected to the power supply line, for stabilizing the voltage provided by the power supply line to the switch switching module.

[0081] In some embodiments, the voltage regulation module includes a clamping circuit.

[0082] The clamping circuit can be connected in the middle of the power supply line to stabilize the voltage provided by the power supply line.

[0083] The clamping circuit can be composed of a bias resistor, a transistor, and a voltage regulator.

[0084] The clamping circuit can enable the power supply circuit to provide a stable operating voltage to the switch control chip, thereby reducing the voltage requirement of the switch control chip and facilitating device selection.

[0085] In some embodiments, the charger further includes: a filtering module connected to the power supply line, for reducing electromagnetic interference in the power supply line.

[0086] In some embodiments, the filtering module includes an RC filtering circuit.

[0087] The RC filter circuit includes a first capacitor and a resistor, which are used to reduce electromagnetic interference generated in the power supply circuit.

[0088] The connection methods of the above modules and circuit components can be found in Figure 3 .

[0089] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a charger according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0090] like Figure 3 As shown, the bypass module includes a switch device 310 , a detection circuit and a switch switching module, wherein the switch switching module includes a switch control chip 320 and a power supply circuit 330 .

[0091] See also Figure 3 In the embodiment shown, the first pin of the switch control chip 320 is a power supply pin, connected to the power supply circuit 330; the second pin is a ground pin; the third pin is a reserved pin; the fourth pin is a high voltage start pin, connected to the VH in the connection circuit 120 through VH to obtain the rectified mains voltage; the fifth pin is a capacitor voltage detection pin, connected to the detection circuit, Figure 3 In the embodiment, the detection circuit is connected to the VB terminal in the charging module 110 through VB, so as to obtain the voltage of the capacitor in the charging module 110; the sixth pin is a driving pin, which is connected to the switch device 310.

[0092] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the power supply circuit 330 may also be connected to the clamp circuit 340 , and the voltage provided by the power supply circuit 330 to the switch control chip 320 is stabilized through the clamp circuit 340 .

[0093] In some embodiments, the RC filter circuit 350 is connected to the power supply circuit 330 .

[0094] Since the rectifier diode D8 is connected to the moving point of the auxiliary winding in the power supply circuit (with the current limiting resistor R5 connected in the middle), there may be a large electromagnetic interference (EMI) on the rectifier diode D8. The RC filter circuit 350 can be connected in parallel on both sides of the rectifier diode D8 to reduce the electronic interference on the rectifier diode D8.

[0095] Figure 3 The implementation process of the functions and effects of each module and circuit element in the embodiment is specifically described in the implementation process of the corresponding modules and circuit elements above, which will not be repeated here.

[0096] In some embodiments, the RC filter circuit 350 includes a capacitor C1 and a resistor R9. If the capacitor C1 fails, the entire RC filter circuit 350 will fail, and the electromagnetic interference cannot be reduced. Therefore, in order to ensure safety, two capacitors can be connected in series in the RC filter circuit to avoid safety problems caused by the failure of any capacitor.

[0097] In some embodiments, the capacitor includes a chip-type multi-layer ceramic capacitor (Multi-layer Ceramic Capacitors, referred to as MLCC).

[0098] This disclosure Figure 3 In the illustrated embodiment, a solution of a single capacitor package with dual capacitors built in is adopted in the RC filter circuit.

[0099] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a capacitor according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0100] like Figure 4 As shown, the RC filter circuit includes a first capacitor 410, and the first capacitor 410 includes: a first electrode 420, a second electrode 430 and a third electrode 440, wherein the third electrode 440 is located between the first electrode 420 and the second electrode 430, and forms two capacitors equivalent to series connection with the first electrode 420 and the second electrode 430 respectively.

[0101] In some embodiments, the first capacitor 410 further includes a ceramic dielectric and internal electrodes.

[0102] With the cooperation of the ceramic dielectric and the internal electrodes, a capacitor originally formed by the first electrode 420 and the second electrode 430 can, when the third electrode 440 is added, form a capacitor formed by the first electrode 420 and the third electrode 440 and another capacitor formed by the third electrode 440 and the second electrode 430, which is equivalent to building two capacitors into the original capacitor size package of the same length, so that two capacitors with a length equivalent to 1 / 2 of the original length are connected in series, forming a solution of a single capacitor package with dual capacitors built in.

[0103] The solution of a single capacitor package with dual capacitors can reduce one peripheral device, which is beneficial to reducing the volume of the capacitor in the RC filter circuit, and further to miniaturizing the overall volume of the charger. In addition, since the length of the capacitor electrode sheet is reduced by half in the solution of a single capacitor package with dual capacitors, the noise of the MLCC capacitor can also be effectively reduced.

[0104] Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate other embodiments of the present disclosure after considering the specification and practicing the disclosure disclosed herein. The present disclosure is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the present disclosure that follow the general principles of the present disclosure and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art that are not disclosed in the present disclosure. The description and examples are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of the present disclosure are indicated by the following claims.

[0105] It should be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to the exact structures that have been described above and shown in the drawings, and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present disclosure is limited only by the appended claims.

[0106] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. The terms "include", "comprises" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the statement "comprises a ..." do not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0107] The method and device provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure are introduced in detail above. Specific examples are used in this article to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present disclosure. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method of the present disclosure and its core idea. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of ​​the present disclosure, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scopes. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as a limitation on the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A charger, characterized in that: The charger comprises: A charging module, used to supply power to the powered device when the charger is connected to the mains; A connecting line, connected between the charger plug and the charging module, wherein a negative temperature coefficient thermistor NTC is provided in the connecting line; The bypass module is used to bypass the NTC when the charging module is in working state.

2. The charger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bypass module comprises: A switching device is connected in parallel on both sides of the NTC; A detection circuit connected to the charging module; The switch switching module is respectively connected to the detection circuit and the switch device, and is used to receive a level signal from the detection circuit that indicates the state of the charging module, and when the level signal indicates that the charging module is in a working state, send a conduction signal to the switch device to bypass the NTC.

3. The charger according to claim 2, characterized in that: The switch device includes a field effect MOS tube.

4. The charger according to claim 3, characterized in that: The switch switching module is specifically used for: When the level signal transmitted from the detection circuit is not lower than a preset level, sending a conduction signal to the MOS tube to turn on the MOS tube; When the level signal transmitted from the detection circuit is lower than the preset level, a shutdown signal is sent to the MOS tube to shut down the MOS tube.

5. The charger according to claim 2, characterized in that: The switch switching module comprises: Switch control chip and power supply circuit, among which, The power supply circuit is connected to the power supply end of the switch control chip and is used to supply power to the switch control chip.

6. The charger according to claim 5, characterized in that: The charger also includes: The voltage stabilizing module is connected to the power supply circuit and is used to stabilize the voltage provided by the power supply circuit to the switch switching module.

7. The charger according to claim 6, characterized in that: The voltage stabilizing module includes a clamping circuit.

8. The charger according to claim 5, characterized in that: The charger also includes: The filter module is connected to the power supply line and is used to reduce electromagnetic interference in the power supply line.

9. The charger according to claim 8, characterized in that: The filtering module includes an RC filtering circuit.

10. The charger according to claim 9, characterized in that: The RC filter circuit includes a first capacitor, and the first capacitor includes: A first electrode, a second electrode and a third electrode, wherein the third electrode is located between the first electrode and the second electrode and forms two capacitors equivalent to being connected in series with the first electrode and the second electrode respectively.

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