Separating device for battery pole piece and diaphragm

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of pole piece separation and recovery, particularly provides a separation device for a battery pole piece and a diaphragm, and aims to solve the problem that the pole piece and the diaphragm cannot be effectively separated in the conventional separation mode of the battery core pole piece. In order to achieve the purpose, the separation device for the battery pole piece and the diaphragm comprises a traction mechanism, an air suspension supporting device and an air knife, the traction mechanism is used for pulling the diaphragm; the air suspension supporting device is used for carrying out air suspension supporting on the first side of the diaphragm, and the air knife is used for separating a pole piece on the second side of the diaphragm from the diaphragm by utilizing blowing airflow. According to the utility model, effective separation of the pole piece and the diaphragm can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of pole piece separation and recovery, and specifically provides a device for separating a battery pole piece and a diaphragm. Background Art

[0002] The battery cell includes a separator, a positive electrode, a negative electrode and an electrolyte. When separating and recycling, the battery separator and the positive and negative electrodes need to be separated and disassembled, and then the separator and the positive and negative electrodes need to be recycled separately.

[0003] At present, the decomposition and recycling of battery cells generally adopts the method of directly crushing the entire battery. This separation method is less effective and has the disadvantage of being unable to effectively separate the electrode and the diaphragm.

[0004] In view of the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, those skilled in the art are in urgent need of a device for separating battery pole pieces and diaphragms so as to effectively separate the battery pole pieces and diaphragms. Utility Model Content

[0005] The utility model aims to solve the above technical problem, that is, to solve the problem that the existing separation method of the pole pieces of the battery cell cannot effectively separate the pole pieces and the diaphragm.

[0006] In a first aspect, the utility model provides a device for separating a battery pole piece from a diaphragm, comprising a traction mechanism, an air suspension support device and a wind knife; the traction mechanism is used to pull the diaphragm; the air suspension support device is used to perform air suspension support on the first side of the diaphragm, and the wind knife is used to separate the pole piece on the second side of the diaphragm from the diaphragm by using a blowing airflow.

[0007] When the above technical scheme is adopted, during the process of pulling the diaphragm, the utility model separates the pole piece on the diaphragm by a combination of a wind knife and an air suspension support device. Specifically, the air suspension support device performs air suspension support on the first side of the diaphragm, and at the same time, the wind knife uses a high-speed airflow to separate the pole piece and the diaphragm on the second side of the diaphragm; the utility model can prevent the diaphragm from moving away from the wind knife under the action of the high-speed airflow of the wind knife by performing air suspension support on one side of the diaphragm, so that the wind knife can effectively separate the pole piece and the diaphragm, and the use of air suspension support can prevent the diaphragm from contacting the support device, so as to prevent the support device from scraping the diaphragm off; as the pulling process proceeds, the pole piece is gradually separated from the diaphragm from front to back along the pulling direction under the action of the high-speed airflow of the wind knife; thereby, the utility model can effectively separate the pole piece and the diaphragm, and can ensure that the diaphragm is continuously carried, thereby reducing the failure rate.

[0008] Furthermore, an air blowing outlet is provided at one end of the air knife close to the diaphragm, and the air blowing direction of the air blowing outlet is toward the junction of the pole piece and the diaphragm.

[0009] Furthermore, the wind knife includes a guide portion, which is gradually bent or inclined from an end away from the diaphragm to an end close to the diaphragm, and a blowing outlet is provided at the end of the guide portion close to the diaphragm; the blowing direction of the blowing outlet is toward the junction of the pole piece and the diaphragm, and the guide portion is used to guide the pole piece.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes a collecting device, wherein one end of the collecting device close to the diaphragm is rollingly fitted with one side surface of the diaphragm.

[0011] Furthermore, the cross-sectional area of ​​the guide portion gradually decreases from a direction away from the diaphragm to a direction close to the diaphragm.

[0012] Furthermore, an air flow channel communicating with the air blowing outlet is formed inside the guide portion, and a cross-sectional area of ​​the air flow channel gradually decreases from a direction away from the diaphragm to a direction close to the diaphragm.

[0013] Furthermore, the collecting device comprises a box body and an inclined material receiving portion, one end of the inclined material receiving portion close to the diaphragm is a roller, and the roller is rollingly fitted with one side surface of the diaphragm.

[0014] Furthermore, the traction mechanism includes a clamping mechanism and a driving device; the clamping mechanism is used to clamp one end of the diaphragm, and the driving device is transmission-connected to the clamping mechanism to drive the clamping mechanism to rotate.

[0015] Furthermore, the air paths of the air suspension support device and the air knife are both provided with pressure regulating valves and / or throttle valves.

[0016] Furthermore, one end of the air suspension support device close to the diaphragm is a blowing plane, and the blowing plane is used to perform air suspension support on the first side of the diaphragm by utilizing airflow.

[0017] When the above technical solution is adopted, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0018] (1) The utility model utilizes a combination of an air knife and an air suspension support device to separate the diaphragm and the positive and negative electrode sheets. The air knife is provided with a curved or inclined guide portion, and the end of the curved or inclined path of the guide portion is an air blowing outlet. In the process of pulling the diaphragm, the air suspension support device is used to perform air suspension support on one side of the diaphragm, and the air blowing outlet of the air knife is used to blow air on the junction of the electrode sheet and the diaphragm, so that the electrode sheet and the diaphragm are separated by a high-speed airflow, and the electrode sheet gradually moves away from the diaphragm under the guidance of the guide portion. As the pulling process proceeds, the electrode sheet and the diaphragm are gradually separated. The utility model performs air suspension support on the first side of the diaphragm and uses a blowing airflow to separate the electrode sheet on the second side. At the same time, under the guidance of the guide portion and the pulling action of the pulling component, the electrode sheet and the diaphragm are effectively separated. In addition, the diaphragm does not contact the air suspension support device, thereby avoiding the risk of diaphragm breakage and reducing the failure rate.

[0019] (2) The utility model utilizes a collecting device to collect the separated electrode pieces. During the process of pulling the diaphragm, the roller of the collecting device is always in rolling contact with one side surface of the diaphragm, so that there is no gap between the collecting device and the diaphragm, ensuring that the separated electrode pieces can fall into the collecting device smoothly and avoiding the risk of the diaphragm breaking, that is, the roller will not scrape the diaphragm, thereby reducing the failure rate.

[0020] (3) The wind knife and the air suspension support device of the utility model are both provided with a pressure regulating valve and a throttle valve to adjust the air pressure, flow rate and gas flow rate, so that the airflow pressure applied by the wind knife's blowing airflow on the diaphragm is balanced with the airflow pressure applied by the air suspension support device on the diaphragm, thereby ensuring that the electrode and the diaphragm can be effectively separated and the diaphragm can be prevented from being broken. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0022] Figure 1 This is a front view of the separation device for the battery pole piece and the diaphragm of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the separation device of the battery pole piece and the diaphragm of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a partial schematic diagram of the separation device of the battery pole piece and the diaphragm of the utility model.

[0025] Reference numerals list :

[0026] 1-traction mechanism; 2-air suspension support device; 3-wind knife; 4-collection device; 5-battery loading box; 6-diaphragm; 7-pole piece; 11-gripping mechanism; 12-driving device; 21-blowing plane; 22-first air inlet; 31-blowing outlet; 32-guide part; 33-second air inlet; 41-box; 42-inclined material receiving part; 421-roller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The principles and features of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The embodiments given are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0028] It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc. indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are only for the convenience of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0029] In addition, it should be noted that in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "disposed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0030] The device for separating battery pole pieces and diaphragms of the utility model is suitable for separating and recovering pole pieces of stacked batteries and wound batteries. This embodiment is described by taking the separation and recovery of pole pieces of stacked batteries as an example. The principle of separating and recovering pole pieces of wound batteries is the same as that of stacked batteries.

[0031] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the embodiment of the utility model discloses a battery pole piece and diaphragm separation device, which is used to separate and recycle the pole pieces 7 on both sides of the diaphragm 6;

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, the separation device includes a traction mechanism 1, an air suspension support device 2, an air knife 3, a collection device 4 and a battery loading box 5;

[0033] An unseparated diaphragm 6 and pole pieces 7 on both sides thereof are placed in the battery loading box 5; the traction mechanism 1 is located above the battery loading box 5, and the traction mechanism 1 clamps one end of the diaphragm 6 to reel up the diaphragm 6, and pulls the diaphragm 6 in a vertical upward direction.

[0034] It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention are described by taking the traction direction as vertically upward as an example. Those skilled in the art can specifically set the traction direction, and the present invention does not make any specific limitation.

[0035] The air suspension support device 2 and the wind knife 3 are relatively arranged on both sides of the diaphragm 6 and form a separation channel for the diaphragm 6 to pass through and separate the pole piece 7; as the traction mechanism 1 pulls the unseparated diaphragm 6 and pole piece 7 upward, when the pole piece 7 reaches or approaches the separation channel position, the air suspension support device 2 performs air suspension support on the diaphragm 6, and at the same time, the wind knife 3 uses the blowing airflow to separate the pole piece 7 and the diaphragm 6. As the traction process proceeds, the pole piece 7 is gradually separated from the diaphragm 6 from the front end to the rear end; the front end and the rear end of the pole piece 7 here refer to the front end and the rear end along the traction direction. Figure 1 The middle pulling direction is along the vertical upward direction, so the upper end of the pole piece 7 is its front end, and the lower end of the pole piece 7 is its rear end.

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, on the vertical upward traction path, the embodiment of the utility model is provided with wind knives 3 on both sides of the diaphragm 6 to separate the pole pieces 7 on both sides of the diaphragm 6 respectively; and those skilled in the art can specifically set the number of wind knives 3 and air suspension support devices 2, and the utility model does not make specific limitations.

[0037] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Figure 3 As shown, the wind knife 3 includes a guide portion 32, and the guide portion 32 is bent or inclined in a direction opposite to the traction direction from the end away from the diaphragm 6 to the end close to the diaphragm 6; the traction direction in this embodiment is a vertically upward direction, and the guide portion 32 is gradually bent or inclined downward from the end away from the diaphragm 6 to the end close to the diaphragm 6; a second air inlet 33 is provided at the end of the wind knife 3 away from the diaphragm 6, and a blowing outlet 31 is provided at the end of the guide portion 32 close to the diaphragm 6, and the blowing outlet 31 is connected to the second air inlet 33 for introducing gas to separate the electrode 7 and the diaphragm 6; preferably, the introduced gas is compressed air.

[0038] When the pole piece 7 reaches or approaches the separation channel, air is blown at the junction of the pole piece 7 and the diaphragm 6 through the blowing outlet 31, and the pole piece 7 and the diaphragm 6 are separated by a high-speed airflow. As the traction process proceeds, the pole piece 7 gradually moves away from the diaphragm 6 from the front end to the rear end under the guidance of the guide part 32 until the pole piece 7 and the diaphragm 6 are completely separated.

[0039] The specific separation process of the pole piece 7 and the diaphragm 6 of the utility model is as follows:

[0040] Under the action of the high-speed airflow of the blowing outlet 31, the front end of the pole piece 7 begins to separate from the diaphragm 6, and the front end of the pole piece 7 gradually moves away from the diaphragm 6 along the guide portion 32 after separation; as the traction process proceeds, the pole piece 7 gradually separates from the diaphragm 6 from the front end to the rear end, and the pole piece 7 gradually moves away from the diaphragm 6 from the front end to the rear end under the guidance of the guide portion 32; that is, the pole piece 7 of the utility model is separated from the diaphragm 6 under the action of the high-speed airflow of the blowing outlet 31, the guidance of the guide portion 32 and the traction of the traction mechanism 1; at the same time, the diaphragm 6 is air-suspended by the air suspension support device 2 to prevent the diaphragm 6 from moving away from the blowing outlet 31 under the action of the high-speed airflow of the blowing outlet 31, so as to effectively realize the separation of the pole piece 7 and the diaphragm 6 and ensure that the diaphragm 6 is not continuously carried.

[0041] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the separation device 4 of the utility model is arranged below the wind knife 3 to collect the separated electrode pieces 7; the separation device 4 includes a box body 41 and an inclined material connection portion 42, wherein the end of the inclined material connection portion 42 close to the diaphragm 6 is a roller 421; in the process of pulling the diaphragm 6, the roller 421 is always in rolling contact with one side surface of the diaphragm 6 to ensure that the two are always in a gapless contact state, and the separated electrode pieces 7 can be collected into the box body 41 along the inclined material connection portion 42 by the roller 421, so as to ensure that the separated electrode pieces 7 are collected and prevent the roller 421 from scraping the diaphragm 6.

[0042] It should be noted that those skilled in the art can specifically set the structure of the collecting device 4 as long as it can ensure seamless rolling contact between the collecting device 4 and the diaphragm 6 to collect the separated pole pieces 7 and avoid scratching the diaphragm 6; for example, the collecting device 4 can also directly roll in contact with the diaphragm 6 through the box body 41 to collect the separated pole pieces 7.

[0043] As a preferred embodiment of the utility model, the blowing direction of the blowing outlet 31 is toward the junction of the pole piece 7 and the diaphragm 6, so that the pole piece 7 and the diaphragm 6 are separated under the action of the high-speed airflow; that is, the angle between the blowing direction of the blowing outlet 31 and the pulling direction of the diaphragm 6 is between 90° and 180°; at the same time, on the other side of the diaphragm 6, the air suspension support device 2 performs air suspension support on the diaphragm 6 in a direction perpendicular to the pulling direction;

[0044] It should be noted that those skilled in the art can specifically set the angle between the blowing direction of the blowing outlet 31 and the pulling direction of the diaphragm 6 as long as the effect of effectively separating the pole piece 7 and the diaphragm 6 by the blowing airflow can be achieved.

[0045] In a specific embodiment, the first airflow pressure applied by the high-speed airflow of the air blowing outlet 31 to one side of the diaphragm 6 is F1, and the angle between the blowing direction of the air blowing outlet 31 and the pulling direction of the diaphragm 6 is θ; the second airflow pressure applied by the air suspension support device 2 to the other side of the diaphragm 6 is F2, and the corresponding relationship between the first airflow pressure F1 and the second airflow pressure F2 is:

[0046] F1×cos(θ-90°)=F2

[0047] It can be understood that the first airflow pressure F1 and the second airflow pressure F2 should balance the forces on both sides of the diaphragm 6; the diaphragm 6 is not blown away from the blowing outlet 31 by the high-speed airflow of the blowing outlet 31, so that the pole piece 7 and the diaphragm 6 are separated under the action of the high-speed airflow; and the diaphragm 6 does not contact the air suspension support device 2 to avoid the air suspension support device 2 scraping off the diaphragm 6 and reducing the failure rate.

[0048] It should be noted that those skilled in the art can specifically set the blowing airflow direction of the blowing outlet 31 and the air suspension support device 2 and the size of the airflow pressure applied to both sides of the diaphragm 6, as long as the effect of effectively separating the pole piece 7 and the diaphragm 6 and avoiding the breakage of the diaphragm 6 can be achieved.

[0049] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an air flow passage communicating with the air outlet 31 is formed inside the guide portion 32 along a curved or inclined path, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the outer wall of the guide portion 32 and the air flow passage inside the guide portion 32 gradually decreases from the direction away from the diaphragm 6 to the direction close to the diaphragm 6; that is, the guide portion 32 gradually shrinks from the end away from the diaphragm 6 to the end close to the diaphragm 6, and the air path inside the guide portion 32 also gradually shrinks along the curved or inclined path accordingly, and the cross-sectional area at the air outlet 31 at the end of the curved or inclined path is the smallest;

[0050] It can be understood that the utility model gradually shrinks the guide part 32 along a curved or inclined path so that the cross-sectional size at the blowing outlet 31 is minimized, and the high-speed airflow can be gradually shrunk and the blowing angle of the blowing airflow can be adjusted to effectively separate the junction of the pole piece 7 and the diaphragm 6.

[0051] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 As shown, the traction mechanism 1 includes a clamping mechanism 11 and a driving device 12, and the driving device 12 is transmission-connected to one end of the clamping mechanism 11 to drive the clamping mechanism 11 to rotate; the clamping mechanism 11 clamps one end of the diaphragm 6 and rotates under the drive of the driving device 12 to reel in and traction the diaphragm 6; that is, in the process of reeling in the diaphragm 6, the diaphragm 6 is pulled in a vertical upward direction; preferably, the driving device 12 is a driving motor.

[0052] It should be noted that those skilled in the art can specifically set the structure of the traction mechanism 1 as long as it can achieve traction of the diaphragm 6 to separate the pole pieces 7 on the diaphragm 6 during the traction process, and the present invention does not make any specific limitation.

[0053] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Figure 3 As shown, the air suspension support device 2 is provided with a first air inlet 22 at one end away from the diaphragm 6, and the end close to the diaphragm 6 is a blowing plane 21, and the blowing plane 21 is arranged with multiple blowing ports for air suspension support of the first side of the diaphragm 6; the first air inlet 22 is connected to the blowing plane 21 for introducing gas, and preferably, the introduced gas is compressed air.

[0054] It should be noted that those skilled in the art can specifically set the structure of the air suspension support device 2 as long as the effect of air suspension support for the diaphragm 6 can be achieved, and the present invention does not make any specific limitation.

[0055] As a preferred embodiment of the utility model, the air circuit of the air suspension support device 2 and the air circuit of the wind knife 3 are both provided with a pressure regulating valve and a throttle valve to correspondingly adjust the air pressure, flow velocity and air volume, so that the first airflow pressure applied by the blowing outlet 31 to the diaphragm 6 is balanced with the second airflow pressure applied by the air suspension support device 2 to the diaphragm 6, ensuring that the pole piece 7 and the diaphragm 6 are separated under the action of the high-speed airflow and avoiding the breakage of the diaphragm 6, thereby reducing the failure rate.

[0056] When the separation device of the utility model is in use, the traction mechanism 1 pulls the diaphragm 6 and the pole pieces 7 on both sides thereof from the battery loading box 5 in a vertically upward direction; during the traction process, Figure 1 As shown, the pole piece 7 on the right side of the diaphragm 6 is separated by the first wind knife; the pole piece 7 on the left side of the diaphragm 6 is separated by the second wind knife; the first wind knife and the second wind knife are respectively arranged opposite to the corresponding air suspension support device 2, and a collecting device 4 is respectively arranged below the first wind knife and the second wind knife, and the separated pole piece 7 falls into the collecting device 4 for recovery;

[0057] like Figure 3 As shown, during the traction process, the air suspension support device 2 performs air suspension support on one side of the diaphragm 6, and the air blowing outlet 31 of the wind knife 3 blows air on the junction of the pole piece 7 and the diaphragm 6, so that the pole piece 7 and the diaphragm 6 are separated under the action of the high-speed airflow; and as the traction process proceeds, the pole piece 7 gradually moves away from the diaphragm 6 from the front end to the rear end along the guide portion 32 of the wind knife 3, until the pole piece 7 is completely separated from the diaphragm 6 and falls into the collecting device 4;

[0058] During the process of pulling the diaphragm 6 , the roller 421 of the collecting device 4 is always in rolling contact with one side surface of the diaphragm 6 , ensuring that the separated pole piece 7 can smoothly fall into the collecting device 4 and avoiding scratching the diaphragm 6 .

[0059] It should be noted that the above implementation mode is only used to illustrate the principle of the utility model and is not intended to limit the protection scope of the utility model. Without departing from the principle of the utility model, those skilled in the art can adjust the above method so that the utility model can be applied to more specific application scenarios.

[0060] For example, in an alternative embodiment, the traction mechanism 1 of the present invention can also be a pair of clamping rollers, and the traction diaphragm 6 can be clamped by the pair of clamping rollers rotating relative to each other.

[0061] So far, the technical solution of the present invention has been described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that the protection scope of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principle of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after these changes or substitutions will fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for separating a battery pole piece from a diaphragm, characterized in that: It comprises a traction mechanism (1), an air suspension support device (2) and an air knife (3); The traction mechanism (1) is used to pull the diaphragm (6); The air suspension support device (2) is used to provide air suspension support for the first side of the diaphragm (6), and the wind knife (3) is used to separate the pole piece (7) on the second side of the diaphragm (6) from the diaphragm (6) by using a blowing air flow.

2. The battery pole piece and diaphragm separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An air blowing outlet (31) is provided at one end of the air knife (3) close to the diaphragm (6), and the blowing direction of the air blowing outlet (31) is toward the junction of the pole piece (7) and the diaphragm (6).

3. The battery pole piece and diaphragm separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wind knife (3) comprises a guide portion (32), wherein the guide portion (32) is gradually bent or inclined from an end away from the diaphragm (6) to an end close to the diaphragm (6), and an air outlet (31) is provided at the end of the guide portion (32) close to the diaphragm (6); The blowing direction of the blowing outlet (31) is toward the junction of the pole piece (7) and the diaphragm (6), and the guide portion (32) is used to guide the pole piece (7).

4. The battery pole piece and diaphragm separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also comprises a collecting device (4), wherein one end of the collecting device (4) close to the diaphragm (6) is in rolling contact with a surface of one side of the diaphragm (6).

5. The battery pole piece and diaphragm separation device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cross-sectional area of ​​the guide portion (32) gradually decreases in a direction away from the diaphragm (6) toward a direction close to the diaphragm (6).

6. The battery pole piece and diaphragm separation device according to claim 5, characterized in that: An air flow channel communicating with the air blowing outlet (31) is formed inside the guide portion (32), and the cross-sectional area of ​​the air flow channel gradually decreases from a direction away from the diaphragm (6) to a direction close to the diaphragm (6).

7. The battery pole piece and diaphragm separation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The collecting device (4) comprises a box body (41) and an inclined material receiving portion (42); one end of the inclined material receiving portion (42) close to the diaphragm (6) is a roller (421); and the roller (421) is in rolling contact with a surface of one side of the diaphragm (6).

8. The device for separating a battery pole piece from a diaphragm according to claim 1, characterized in that: The traction mechanism (1) comprises a clamping claw mechanism (11) and a driving device (12); The clamping mechanism (11) is used to clamp one end of the diaphragm (6), and the driving device (12) is transmission-connected to the clamping mechanism (11) to drive the clamping mechanism (11) to rotate.

9. The battery pole piece and diaphragm separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air paths of the air suspension support device (2) and the air knife (3) are both provided with pressure regulating valves and / or throttle valves.

10. The device for separating a battery pole piece and a separator according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: One end of the air suspension support device (2) close to the diaphragm (6) is a blowing plane (21), and the blowing plane (21) is used to perform air suspension support on the first side of the diaphragm (6) by utilizing air flow.

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