Antenna unit applied to underwater wireless sensor

Abstract

The utility model relates to an antenna unit applied to an underwater wireless sensor, and belongs to the technical field of communication equipment. The antenna unit comprises a shell, a metamaterial plate, a coil and an insulating plate, the metamaterial plate is arranged at the top in the shell, the insulating plate is arranged on the lower side of the metamaterial plate, the coil is arranged on the lower side of the insulating plate, and two ends of the coil are led out of the shell. According to the utility model, magnetic communication is carried out through the coil, magnetic signals are less in attenuation and less affected by the environment during underwater transmission, signal energy in the vertical direction is enhanced, the communication distance is prolonged, efficient data collection and wireless transmission in the underwater environment are ensured, and the device has the advantages of simplicity and convenience in installation, low maintenance cost and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to an antenna unit applied to an underwater wireless sensor, belonging to the technical field of communication equipment. Background Art

[0002] Rivers, lakes and offshore seas provide material resources and diverse ecological environments for human survival. The development of these resources has greatly affected the ecological environment, and underwater environmental monitoring has become an indispensable task. The information collected by underwater monitoring equipment usually relies on wireless communication technology for transmission, using underwater acoustic communication, but the equipment for underwater acoustic communication has the disadvantages of large size and high power, and the attenuation of the signal transmitted underwater is large. For this reason, the utility model is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the utility model provides an antenna unit for underwater wireless sensors, which performs magnetic communication through a coil. The magnetic signal has less attenuation during underwater transmission and is less affected by the environment. The signal energy in the vertical direction is enhanced, the communication distance is extended, and efficient data collection and wireless transmission in an underwater environment are ensured. The utility model also has the advantages of easy installation and low maintenance cost.

[0004] The technical solution of the utility model is as follows:

[0005] An antenna unit for an underwater wireless sensor comprises a housing, a metamaterial plate, a coil and an insulating plate, wherein the top of the housing is provided with the metamaterial plate, the lower side of the metamaterial plate is provided with the insulating plate, the lower side of the insulating plate is provided with the coil, and both ends of the coil are led out of the housing;

[0006] The metamaterial board comprises a substrate, and two sides of the substrate are respectively covered with copper wires.

[0007] Preferably, according to the present invention, the substrate is a circular plate to reduce edge effects and optimize the propagation path of electromagnetic waves. Glass fiber + epoxy resin (FR4) is used as the substrate material with a dielectric constant of 4.2. This material is widely used in the manufacture of circuit boards due to its stable electrical properties and good physical strength.

[0008] Preferably, according to the present invention, the thickness of the substrate is 2 mm, which ensures sufficient mechanical strength while maintaining a low overall weight.

[0009] According to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the copper wire covering shape is that the outer side is spirally wound with equal distances from the outside to the inside to form a circular structure;

[0010] The inner side is a symmetrical arrangement of four fan-shaped structures. Each fan-shaped structure is composed of copper wires that are spirally wound in a fan-shaped pattern at equal distances. The copper wires cover a shape such as Figure 3As shown, this spiral structure can form a specific electromagnetic response, thereby realizing the convergence of the energy flow (beam) of the incoming magnetic signal. The copper wires on both sides of the substrate have the same coverage shape, which helps to balance the electromagnetic field distribution and further enhance the signal transmission efficiency.

[0011] According to a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the diameter of the copper wire used in the circular structure is 0.5 mm, and the wire spacing is 1 mm; the diameter of the copper wire used in the fan-shaped structure is 0.5 mm, and the wire spacing is 0.5 mm.

[0012] Preferably, according to the present invention, the coil is a cylindrical hollow coil wound with copper wire having a diameter of 1 mm, and is used for transmitting and receiving wireless signals.

[0013] Design principle: The utility model utilizes the negative magnetic permeability characteristics of the metamaterial plate. Its principle is similar to that of the Fresnel zone plate. It can "converge" the magnetic signal energy flow, enhance the signal energy in the vertical direction of the antenna plate surface, and significantly extend the communication distance in this direction, ensuring efficient wireless signal transmission for wireless sensors arranged underwater.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0015] 1. The utility model uses coils for magnetic communication. The attenuation of magnetic signals during underwater transmission is small and the environmental impact is small. The signal energy in the vertical direction is enhanced, the communication distance is extended, and efficient data collection and wireless transmission in underwater environments are ensured. In addition, the utility model has the advantages of easy installation and low maintenance cost.

[0016] 2. The utility model is independently designed with a metamaterial plate, which utilizes the spiral structure of the copper wire to form a specific electromagnetic response, thereby realizing the convergence of the energy flow (beam) of the incoming magnetic signal. In addition, the copper wires on both sides of the substrate have the same coverage shape, which helps to balance the electromagnetic field distribution and further enhance the signal transmission efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a specific application embodiment of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the metamaterial plate of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 4 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of a metamaterial plate of the utility model;

[0021] 1-coil, 2-insulating plate A, 3-metamaterial plate, 4-housing, 5-main control unit, 6-battery, 7-insulating plate B, 8-sensing unit, 9-fan-shaped structure, 10-circular structure, 11-substrate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The present invention will be further described below through embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but is not limited thereto.

[0023] Embodiment 1:

[0024] This embodiment provides an antenna unit for underwater wireless sensors, including a housing 4, a metamaterial plate 3, a coil 1 and an insulating plate A2, wherein a metamaterial plate is arranged at the top of the housing 4, an insulating plate A2 is arranged at the lower side of the metamaterial plate, a coil 1 is arranged at the lower side of the insulating plate A2, and both ends of the coil 1 are led out of the housing;

[0025] The metamaterial board includes a substrate 11, and copper wires are respectively covered on both sides of the substrate 11. The insulating board A2 is a polytetrafluoroethylene board, and the insulating board ensures a fixed distance between the coil and the metamaterial board, so that the metamaterial board can achieve the best effect on converging the magnetic signal beam.

[0026] The shell is made of ABS plastic material in a cylindrical shape, and the size of the shell is determined according to the size and layout of the internal components.

[0027] The substrate 11 is a circular plate to reduce edge effects and optimize the propagation path of electromagnetic waves. Glass fiber + epoxy resin (FR4) is used as the substrate material with a dielectric constant of 4.2. This material is widely used in the manufacture of circuit boards due to its stable electrical properties and good physical strength.

[0028] The base plate 11 has a diameter of 100 mm and a thickness of 2 mm, ensuring sufficient mechanical strength while maintaining a low overall weight.

[0029] The copper wire covering shape is that the outer side is spirally wound with equal distance from the outside to the inside to form a circular structure 10;

[0030] The inner side is symmetrically arranged with four fan-shaped structures 9, each of which is composed of copper wires wound in a spiral with equal distances in a fan-shaped routing. The copper wires cover a shape such as Figure 3 As shown, this spiral structure can form a specific electromagnetic response, thereby realizing the convergence of the energy flow (beam) of the incoming magnetic signal. The copper wires on both sides of the substrate have the same coverage shape, which helps to balance the electromagnetic field distribution and further enhance the signal transmission efficiency.

[0031] The coil is a cylindrical hollow coil wound with copper wire of 1 mm in diameter, which is used for transmitting and receiving wireless signals.

[0032] When in use, the lower lead end of the coil 1 is connected to the main control unit 5 through the insulating plate B7, and the main control unit is respectively connected to the battery 6 and the sensor unit 8. The sensor unit includes a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a flow rate sensor, a water quality sensor, etc., which are used to detect underwater data. After the connection is completed, data detection and transmission at the specified location can be carried out.

[0033] The above describes the specific embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications within the scope of the claims, which does not affect the essence of the present invention. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other at will.

Claims

1. An antenna unit for an underwater wireless sensor, characterized in that: It includes a shell, a metamaterial plate, a coil and an insulating plate, wherein the metamaterial plate is arranged on the top of the shell, the insulating plate is arranged on the lower side of the metamaterial plate, the coil is arranged on the lower side of the insulating plate, and both ends of the coil are led out of the shell; The metamaterial board comprises a substrate, and two sides of the substrate are respectively covered with copper wires.

2. The antenna unit for underwater wireless sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base plate is a circular plate.

3. The antenna unit for underwater wireless sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The substrate thickness is 2 mm.

4. The antenna unit for underwater wireless sensor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The copper wire covering shape is that the outer side is spirally wound with equal distance from the outside to the inside to form a circular structure; The inner side is composed of four symmetrically arranged fan-shaped structures. Each fan-shaped structure is composed of copper wires spirally wound equidistantly in a fan-shaped routing pattern. The copper wire coverage shapes on both sides of the substrate are the same.

5. The antenna unit for underwater wireless sensor according to claim 4, characterized in that: The copper wire used in the circular structure has a diameter of 0.5 mm and a line spacing of 1 mm. The copper wire used in the fan-shaped structure has a diameter of 0.5 mm and a line spacing of 0.5 mm.

6. The antenna unit for underwater wireless sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coil is a cylindrical hollow coil wound with copper wire of 1 mm in diameter.

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