Freight ship provided with closed deckhouse structure

Abstract

The utility model discloses a freight ship with a closed deckhouse structure. An exposed deck area of a ship is arranged to be of a closed cabin structure to serve as a deck room (3), and a tail end pipe opening of an air pipe (1) and an air duct air opening of a cargo compartment ventilation system are located in the deck room. The deck house is provided with an open-type deck house outdoor exposed area (31), a ventilation pipe opening (51) of a ventilation main pipe (5) is located in the deck house outdoor exposed area, and a tail end pipe opening of an air pipe is communicated with the ventilation main pipe in the deck house. An extending air duct (7) leading to the outside atmospheric environment is arranged in the deck room, and an air duct opening of the cargo compartment ventilation system is communicated with the extending air duct and communicated with the atmospheric environment through the extending air duct. According to the freight ship, the exposed deck areas on the two sides of the cargo hold are closed to form the deck house, so that adverse effects of the low-temperature environment on equipment and facilities in the exposed deck areas are avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the design of a hull structure of a freight ship, in particular to a freight ship with a closed deck house structure. Background Art

[0002] See also Figures 1 to 3 In the structural design of the ship, there are many liquid tanks, such as bottom ballast tanks, side ballast tanks, etc. For these liquid tanks, some air pipes 1 connected to the outside atmosphere need to be set to ensure that when the liquid is injected / discharged into the liquid tank, the outside air can be discharged / entered, thereby maintaining the balance of the air pressure in the tank.

[0003] The terminal opening of the air pipe 1 needs to be arranged in an open atmospheric environment, and an air pipe head needs to be installed on the terminal opening to prevent the seawater outside the ship from pouring into the liquid tank through the terminal opening of the air pipe 1.

[0004] For cargo ships, a ventilation system needs to be set up in the cargo hold area to ensure air circulation inside the cargo hold and prevent the cargo from rotting, mildewing or other problems due to lack of air circulation during transportation.

[0005] The cargo hold ventilation system includes an air outlet duct, an air inlet duct and an exhaust fan 2. The air outlet duct and the air inlet duct are both provided with ventilation grilles. The exhaust fan 2 for driving air flow is arranged at the air outlet of the air outlet duct.

[0006] Both the “air inlet of the air inlet duct” and the “air outlet of the air outlet duct” must be set in an open atmospheric environment and equipped with shutters or ventilators (which can be closed in severe sea conditions).

[0007] In order to meet the aforementioned requirements of "the terminal end of the air pipe 1 needs to be arranged in an open atmospheric environment" and "the 'air inlet of the air inlet duct' and the 'air outlet of the air outlet duct' must be arranged in an open atmospheric environment", current cargo ships are provided with an open-air area above the main deck on both sides, namely, an open-air deck area, and the terminal end of the air pipe 1, the air duct outlet of the cargo hold ventilation system and the exhaust fan 2 are all arranged in the open-air deck area, so as to facilitate the exchange of air in the atmospheric environment.

[0008] It should be noted that in Figure 3 Only the air outlet duct and its exhaust fan 2 on one side of the hull are shown, and the air inlet duct and its air inlet are on the other side of the hull. This is understandable to those skilled in the art, so no drawings are provided for display.

[0009] The current problem is:

[0010] When a ship sails in cold waters with low temperatures, there will be some unfavorable conditions, as follows:

[0011] 1) Air pipe heads in open-air areas are prone to ice formation. Air pipe heads are blocked by ice and cannot achieve ventilation function. Electric heating must be installed for each air pipe head to avoid ice formation. The crew is also required to regularly check the air pipe heads and perform de-icing operations when necessary.

[0012] 2) The exhaust fan 2 in the open deck area cannot work normally in a low temperature environment and needs to be equipped with an electric heater for heating. At the same time, the casing of the exhaust fan 2 needs to have a high dust and water protection level;

[0013] 3) In severe sea conditions, a large amount of seawater will surge onto the deck in the open deck area. In low temperature conditions, the seawater remaining on the deck is prone to freeze, affecting the safety of personnel passage. The ice layer will also increase the load of the ship, which will seriously affect the stability of the ship. The crew needs to perform outdoor operations to clear the ice layer;

[0014] 4) The open deck area cannot provide buoyancy for the vessel;

[0015] 5) The temperature of the open deck area is low, so it cannot be used as a work area for personnel or storage of items, and the space cannot be effectively utilized;

[0016] 6) The side walls of the cargo hold are directly adjacent to the open-air low-temperature environment, and ice is prone to form in the cargo hold, affecting cargo loading and unloading, and even causing cargo damage. Summary of the invention

[0017] The utility model aims to provide a cargo ship with a closed deckhouse structure, in which the open deck areas on both sides of the cargo hold are closed to form a deckhouse to avoid the adverse effects of a low temperature environment on equipment and facilities in the open deck area.

[0018] In order to achieve the above technical purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0019] A cargo ship with a closed deckhouse structure, the cargo ship having an open deck area; the cargo ship's tank air pipe, the terminal pipe opening of which is located at the open deck area; the cargo ship having a cargo hold ventilation system, the air duct and air opening of the cargo hold ventilation system are located at the open deck area; the open deck area is configured as a closed cabin structure as a deckhouse, the terminal pipe opening of the air pipe and the air duct and air opening of the cargo hold ventilation system are located in the deckhouse; the deckhouse is provided with an open deckhouse exposed area, and the open deckhouse exposed area is provided with a closed cabin structure as a deckhouse, the terminal pipe opening of the air pipe and the air duct and air opening of the cargo hold ventilation system are located in the deckhouse; the open ... A ventilation main pipe is provided at the area, the ventilation main pipe has a ventilation pipe opening, the ventilation main pipe is passed between the inner side of the deck house and the exposed area outside the deck, the ventilation pipe opening of the ventilation main pipe is located at the exposed area outside the deck, and the terminal pipe opening of the air pipe is connected with the ventilation main pipe in the deck house; an extended air duct leading to the external atmospheric environment is provided in the deck house, the air duct opening of the cargo hold ventilation system is connected with the extended air duct, and the air duct opening is connected with the atmospheric environment through the extended air duct; a shutter that can be controlled to be opened and closed is provided at one end of the extended air duct leading to the atmospheric environment.

[0020] Furthermore, an air heater is provided in the deck house.

[0021] Furthermore, mooring facilities are provided at the exposed area outside the deck.

[0022] Furthermore, a drain port is provided at the exposed area outside the deck, and the ventilation pipe port of the ventilation main pipe is bent downward toward the drain port.

[0023] Furthermore, an exhaust fan is provided at the air outlet of the cargo hold ventilation system, and the exhaust fan is located inside the extended air duct. According to the location of the exhaust fan, an inspection door is opened on the extended air duct.

[0024] Furthermore, an exhaust fan is provided at the air outlet of the air outlet duct of the cargo hold ventilation system, and the exhaust fan is connected in series between the air outlet of the cargo hold ventilation system and the extended air duct.

[0025] Furthermore, the terminal pipe opening of the air pipe is provided with an air pipe head, and the terminal pipe opening of the air pipe is connected to the main air pipe through the air pipe head.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the cargo ship of the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] 1) The open deck areas on both sides of the cargo hold are enclosed to form a deckhouse, which can provide buoyancy for the ship and improve the stability of the ship;

[0028] 2) The open-air area of ​​the upper deck is reduced, thereby reducing the risk of ice formation caused by waves on the deck;

[0029] 3) The constructed deckhouse can be used for storage or personnel work, and the space is effectively utilized;

[0030] 4) The air pipe heads of the tank air pipes are located in the deck house, so the air pipe heads will not freeze due to low temperature, and there is no need to heat and prevent freezing of each air pipe head;

[0031] 5) The air pipe head of the tank air pipe is located in the deckhouse to avoid corrosion of the air pipe head by seawater;

[0032] 6) The exhaust fan is arranged in the deck room and does not need to be equipped with a heating device, which can reduce the requirements for the dust and water protection level of the fan casing;

[0033] 7) The constructed deckhouse isolates the cargo hold from the low temperature of the external environment, reducing the risk of freezing in the cargo hold. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an existing cargo ship;

[0035] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the open deck area on both sides of the cargo hold of existing cargo ships ( Figure 1 (a) An enlarged view of the area indicated by arrow A in FIG. 1 , showing the air pipe of the tank;

[0036] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the open deck area on both sides of the cargo hold on an existing cargo ship, showing the air outlet duct and exhaust fan of the cargo hold ventilation system;

[0037] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a cargo ship of the utility model that is enclosed at the open deck area to form a deckhouse, and the figure shows a structure in which an air pipe is connected to a main air pipe through a short air pipe;

[0038] Figure 5 It is a top view schematic diagram of a deckhouse of a cargo ship of the utility model, showing an exposed area of ​​the deckhouse provided at the deckhouse;

[0039] Figure 6 and Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of a cargo ship of the utility model that an extended air duct is arranged in a deck house. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The utility model is further described below with specific embodiments:

[0041] This embodiment provides a cargo ship with a closed deckhouse structure, in which the open deck areas on both sides of the cargo hold are closed to form a deckhouse 3 to avoid the adverse effects of low temperature environment on equipment and facilities in the open deck area.

[0042] Specifically,

[0043] See also Figure 1 In the existing cargo ships, an open-air area is provided above the main deck on both sides of the cargo hold, namely, the open-air deck area. The terminal pipe opening of the ship's liquid tank air pipe 1 and the air duct outlet (including the air inlet and the air outlet) of the cargo hold ventilation system are all arranged in the open-air deck area.

[0044] The important innovation of the cargo ship of this embodiment is:

[0045] See also Figures 4 to 7 As for the open deck area on both sides of the cargo hold mentioned above, the open deck area is enclosed and set into a closed cabin structure. For the convenience of description, the closed cabin structure is called deckhouse 3. The side wall of the deckhouse 3 extends to the maximum ship width, and the top of the deckhouse 3 is flush with the cargo hold hatch cover.

[0046] In addition, in order to ensure that the deck house 3 has a sufficient temperature, an air heater is also provided in the deck house 3 to keep the temperature in the deck house 3 above 0°C, thereby preventing the equipment and facilities in the deck house 3 from freezing, such as the air pipe head 11 of the air pipe 1 and the exhaust fan 2 of the cargo hold ventilation system.

[0047] However, the "end pipe opening of the air pipe 1" and the "air duct outlet" still need to be set in an open atmospheric environment. For this reason, an open structural area is specially set at the position of the deck house 3 near the ship's side. Specifically, the open structural area is a semi-enclosed structure formed by opening holes on part of the side wall of the deck house. For the convenience of description, this structural area is referred to as the deck house exposed area 31 (such as Figure 5 Some mooring facilities 6 are arranged at the exposed area 31 outside the deck, and a drain is also arranged.

[0048] The exposed area 31 outside the deck is close to the position of the terminal opening of the air pipe 1, or in other words, when designing the hull, the terminal openings of all the air pipes 1 are concentrated at the position close to the exposed area 31 outside the deck and are located in the deckhouse 3. An air pipe head 11 is provided at the terminal opening of each air pipe 1.

[0049] See also Figure 4 and Figure 5A transverse ventilation main pipe 5 is also provided at the exposed area 31 outside the deck. One end of the ventilation main pipe 5 is closed, and the other end has a pipe opening bent downward. For the convenience of description, this pipe opening is called a ventilation pipe opening 51. The ventilation main pipe 5 runs between the inner side of the deck house 3 and the exposed area 31 outside the deck. The closed end of the ventilation main pipe 5 is located inside the deck house 3, and one end of the ventilation pipe opening 51 of the ventilation main pipe 5 is located at the exposed area 31 outside the deck. Most of the ventilation main pipe 5 is located inside the deck house 3, and only a small section of the ventilation pipe opening 51 is located at the exposed area 31 outside the deck. That is, the ventilation pipe opening 51 of the ventilation main pipe 5 is exposed to the atmosphere at the exposed area 31 outside the deck. In the deckhouse 3, the air pipe heads 11 at the end of all the air pipes 1 are connected to the ventilation main pipe 5 through a short ventilation short pipe 4, so that the air pipes 1 are connected to the external atmospheric environment through the ventilation main pipe 5, thereby not affecting the normal function of the air pipes 1. In addition, the air pipe heads 11 of the air pipes 1 are located in the deckhouse 3, thereby avoiding the situation of "the air pipe heads 11 being frozen due to the low temperature of the external atmospheric environment", so as to ensure smooth ventilation of the air duct vents of the cargo hold ventilation system.

[0050] It should be noted that the vent pipe opening 51 of the vent main pipe 5 is vertically downward at the exposed area 31 outside the deck, and is directly opposite to the drain port provided at the exposed area 31 outside the deck. In this way, when water overflows from any air pipe 1, the water can flow along the vent pipe opening 51 of the vent main pipe 5 to the drain port at the exposed area 31 outside the deck to be discharged, thereby ensuring that the water overflowing from the liquid tank will not spread on the deck.

[0051] The air duct vents and exhaust fan 2 of the cargo hold ventilation system mentioned above are also located in the closed deckhouse 3. In order not to affect the function of the exhaust fan 2 and the overall cargo hold ventilation system, an extended air duct 7 is provided in the deckhouse 3. Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, one end of the extended air duct 7 is connected to the air duct outlet (air outlet or air inlet) of the cargo hold ventilation system, and the other end of the extended air duct 7 is connected to the outside of the deck house 3 and the external atmospheric environment. In this way, the air duct outlet of the cargo hold ventilation system still maintains normal communication with the atmospheric environment, and the ventilation effect of the entire cargo hold ventilation system will not be affected.

[0052] Furthermore, the exhaust fan 2 and the air duct outlet of the cargo hold ventilation system are both located in the deck house 3, thereby ensuring that they will not freeze, thereby ensuring the stable operation of the entire cargo hold ventilation system.

[0053] In addition, a shutter that can be opened and closed controllably is provided at one end of the extended air duct 7 leading to the atmospheric environment, specifically, a shutter that can be opened and closed pneumatically. In this way, the ventilation effect of the cargo hold ventilation system can be controlled by controlling the opening and closing of the shutter.

[0054] In the case of providing an extended air duct 7, the exhaust fan 2 of the cargo hold ventilation system can be arranged in two forms:

[0055] A form (such as Figure 6 shown):

[0056] The exhaust fan 2 can be completely arranged inside the extended air duct 7, and according to the location of the exhaust fan 2, an inspection door that is easy to open and close is opened on the extended air duct 7; in this way, maintenance personnel can easily perform maintenance on the exhaust fan 2 by opening the inspection door.

[0057] Another form (such as Figure 7 shown):

[0058] On the basis of the original installation setting of the exhaust fan 2, the exhaust port of the exhaust fan 2 is directly connected to one end of the extended air duct 7, that is to say, the exhaust fan 2 is connected in series between the original air outlet and the extended air duct 7. In this way, the entire air duct passage is normally connected, and the exhaust fan 2 is exposed, thereby facilitating maintenance personnel to carry out maintenance on the exhaust fan 2.

[0059] The cargo ship of this embodiment has the advantages that:

[0060] 1) The open deck areas on both sides of the cargo hold are enclosed to form a deckhouse 3, which can provide buoyancy for the ship and improve the stability of the ship;

[0061] 2) The open-air area of ​​the upper deck is reduced, thereby reducing the risk of ice formation caused by waves on the deck;

[0062] 3) The constructed deckhouse 3 can be used for storage or personnel work, and the space is effectively utilized;

[0063] 4) The air pipe head 11 of the tank air pipe 1 is located in the deckhouse 3, so the air pipe head 11 will not freeze due to low temperature, and it is unnecessary to heat and prevent freezing of each air pipe head 11;

[0064] 5) The air pipe head 11 of the tank air pipe 1 is located in the deckhouse 3, which can prevent the air pipe head 11 from being corroded by seawater;

[0065] 6) The exhaust fan 2 is arranged in the deck house 3 and does not need to be equipped with a heating device, which can reduce the requirements for the dust and water protection level of the fan housing;

[0066] 7) The constructed deckhouse 3 isolates the cargo hold from the low temperature of the external environment, reducing the risk of freezing of the cargo hold.

[0067] In summary, the open deck areas on both sides of the cargo hold are enclosed to form the deck house 3. This approach can avoid the adverse effects of the low temperature environment on the equipment and facilities in the open deck area, thereby ensuring that the ship can sail normally and safely in the cold waters with relatively low temperatures.

[0068] The cargo ship of this embodiment is provided with a closed deckhouse to cope with the adverse effects of the low temperature environment. The cargo ship of this embodiment proposes a solution that after the open deck area is set as a closed deckhouse, the cargo hold vents and liquid tank vents can only be terminated in the closed room.

[0069] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cargo ship with a closed deckhouse structure, wherein the cargo ship has an open deck area; The tank air pipe (1) of the cargo ship has its terminal end located at the open deck area; The cargo ship has a cargo hold ventilation system, and the air duct and air outlet of the cargo hold ventilation system are located at the open deck area; Features: The open deck area is configured as a closed cabin structure as a deckhouse (3), and the terminal pipe opening of the air pipe (1) and the air duct outlet of the cargo hold ventilation system are located in the deckhouse (3); The deckhouse (3) is provided with an open deckhouse exposed area (31), and a ventilation main pipe (5) is provided at the deckhouse exposed area (31), the ventilation main pipe (5) having a ventilation pipe opening (51), the ventilation main pipe (5) is passed between the inner side of the deckhouse (3) and the deckhouse exposed area (31), the ventilation pipe opening (51) of the ventilation main pipe (5) is located at the deckhouse exposed area (31), and the terminal pipe opening of the air pipe (1) is connected to the ventilation main pipe (5) in the deckhouse (3); An extended air duct (7) leading to the external atmospheric environment is arranged in the deck house (3); the air duct outlet of the cargo hold ventilation system is connected to the extended air duct (7), and the air duct outlet is connected to the atmospheric environment through the extended air duct (7); A shutter that can be controlled to open and close is provided at one end of the extended air duct (7) leading to the atmospheric environment.

2. The cargo ship with a closed deckhouse structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: An air heater is arranged in the deck house (3).

3. The cargo ship with a closed deckhouse structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Mooring facilities (6) are provided at the exposed area (31) outside the deck.

4. The cargo ship with a closed deckhouse structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A drain port is provided at the exposed area (31) outside the deck, and the vent pipe port (51) of the vent main pipe (5) is bent downward toward the drain port.

5. The cargo ship with a closed deckhouse structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: An exhaust fan (2) is provided at the air outlet of the cargo hold ventilation system. The exhaust fan (2) is located inside the extended air duct (7). An inspection door is provided on the extended air duct (7) in accordance with the location of the exhaust fan (2).

6. The cargo ship with a closed deckhouse structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: An exhaust fan (2) is provided at the air outlet of the air outlet duct of the cargo hold ventilation system, and the exhaust fan (2) is connected in series between the air outlet of the cargo hold ventilation system and the extension duct (7).

7. The cargo ship with a closed deckhouse structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The terminal pipe opening of the air pipe (1) is provided with an air pipe head (11), and the terminal pipe opening of the air pipe (1) is connected to the main ventilation pipe (5) through the air pipe head (11).

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