Ecological ditch for purifying farmland recession water

Abstract

The utility model relates to an ecological ditch for purifying farmland recession. The method is suitable for the technical field of ecological restoration. The technical problem to be solved by the application is to provide an ecological ditch for purifying farmland recession. According to the technical scheme adopted by the invention, the ecological ditch for purifying the farmland recession water is characterized by comprising an ecological ditch body, and a water inlet for introducing the farmland recession water is formed in the upstream of the ecological ditch body; the ecological permeable dam is arranged on the upstream of the ecological ditch body and can intercept suspended solids and particulate matters flowing through the farmland recession and provide adhesion and growth matrixes for microorganisms in the ecological ditch body; the water level adjusting structure is arranged in the ecological ditch body and can adjust the water level in the ecological ditch body, so that the ecological environment in the ecological ditch body is kept stable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of ecological restoration, in particular to an ecological ditch for purifying farmland drainage. Background Art

[0002] Farmland water pollution is a global problem that poses a serious threat to the ecological environment and human health. With the rapid development of agricultural production, a large amount of chemical fertilizers, pesticides and other chemicals are applied to farmland. These substances flow into rivers, lakes and other water bodies through farmland drainage systems under rainwater erosion, leading to eutrophication of water bodies and excessive heavy metals.

[0003] At present, most farmland drainage systems usually use hard structures, such as concrete, masonry, etc. These materials lack ecological functions and are not conducive to the growth of aquatic plants and the reproduction of aquatic organisms. The internal ecosystem of the hard ditch is fragile and lacks self-repairing ability, which makes the internal ecological balance of the ditch vulnerable to destruction. In addition, since traditional ditch design often only focuses on drainage functions and ignores water purification. Due to the lack of effective interception and filtration devices, suspended matter, particulate matter and harmful substances flow into rivers, lakes and other water bodies with drainage, causing water pollution and eutrophication. In order to control farmland water pollution, effective measures need to be taken to purify farmland drainage. Utility Model Content

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is: in view of the above existing problems, an ecological ditch for purifying farmland drainage is provided.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the utility model is: an ecological ditch for purifying farmland drainage, characterized in that it includes:

[0006] The main body of the ecological ditch has an inlet upstream for introducing drainage water from farmland;

[0007] The ecological permeable dam is located upstream of the ecological ditch body, capable of intercepting suspended matter and particulate matter in the farmland drainage water flowing through, and providing a substrate for the attachment and growth of microorganisms in the ecological ditch body;

[0008] The water level regulating structure is arranged in the ecological ditch body and can regulate the water level in the ecological ditch body so that the ecological environment in the ecological ditch body remains stable.

[0009] Through the above-mentioned technical means, the drainage water from farmland flows into the ecological ditch through the water inlet. The ecological permeable dam is located upstream of the ecological ditch. The ecological permeable dam is used to intercept the debris in the drainage water from farmland. The ecological permeable dam can provide a matrix for the attachment and growth of microorganisms, which plays a role in purifying the water quality of the drainage water from farmland. The water level in the ecological ditch is controlled to be stable through the water level regulating structure to ensure that there is sufficient water in the ecological ditch, so that the growth of microorganisms has a more stable ecological environment.

[0010] In some embodiments, the water level regulating structure includes a gate and a dam, the gate is arranged on the downstream side of the ecological permeable dam, and the dam is arranged downstream of the ecological ditch body. By controlling the opening and closing of the gate, the water level between the gate and the dam in the ecological ditch body is adjusted.

[0011] In some embodiments, the water level regulating structure also includes a water replenishment well, which is arranged inside the ecological ditch body and located on the downstream side of the water retaining dam. When the water inlet lacks water and causes the water level inside the ecological ditch body to drop, the water in the water replenishment well can be pumped into the ecological ditch body through an external pumping component.

[0012] Through the above-mentioned technical means, during the water-scarce season, when the water level in the ecological ditch body drops due to water evaporation, the water in the water replenishment well can be pumped into the ecological ditch body through an external pumping component, so that the water level in the ecological ditch body remains stable, thereby ensuring the normal growth of aquatic plants in the ecological ditch body.

[0013] In some embodiments, the bottom of the water replenishment well is 0.5m to 1.0m lower than the bottom of the ecological ditch body, and the length-to-width ratio of the water replenishment well is 1:1 to 1:5.

[0014] In some embodiments, the gate is hydraulically controlled to open and close, and the gate is 1.0 m high.

[0015] In some embodiments, the height of the water retaining dam is 0.6m to 1.0m, and the water retaining dam is 0.3m to 0.5m lower than the top of the ecological ditch body.

[0016] Through the above-mentioned technical means, when facing rainfall and other conditions that cause the water level in the ecological ditch to be too high, the water in the ecological ditch will flood the dam and then be discharged smoothly. At the same time, the dam can prevent all the water in the ecological ditch from being discharged. The dam can ensure that the water level in the ecological ditch is between 0.6m and 1.0m, thereby ensuring the growth of aquatic plants.

[0017] In some embodiments, the ecological permeable dam includes a volcanic rock layer, a zeolite layer and a ceramsite layer in sequence along the water flow direction.

[0018] Through the above-mentioned technical means, ecological permeable dams are used to intercept suspended matter or garbage in the water discharged from farmland, and the volcanic rocks in the volcanic rock layer, the zeolite in the zeolite layer, and the expanded clay in the expanded clay layer are used to intercept and adsorb water particles and pollutants. Then, artificial salvage is used to clean up the intercepted suspended matter or garbage, thereby improving the water quality of the water discharged from farmland.

[0019] In some embodiments, the particle size of the volcanic rock in the volcanic rock layer is 30 mm to 50 mm, the particle size of the zeolite in the zeolite layer is 10 mm to 20 mm, and the particle size of the ceramsite in the ceramsite layer is 8 mm to 10 mm.

[0020] In some embodiments, the side wall slope of the ecological ditch body is built with round shaped bricks, and a hole is provided in the center of the brick body of the round shaped brick. Slope protection plants are planted in the hole, and the slope protection plants include at least one of tall fescue, ryegrass, and bermudagrass.

[0021] In some embodiments, submerged plants are planted at the bottom of the ecological ditch body, and the submerged plants include at least one of black algae, duckweed, and Vallisneria.

[0022] Through the above-mentioned technical means, submerged plants can be used to absorb and process nitrogen and phosphorus elements in the water, thereby reducing the concentration of organic pollutants in the water.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0024] 1. Ecological permeable dams are used to intercept suspended matter and garbage in farmland drainage water, and the suspended matter and garbage are salvaged manually to improve the efficiency of manual salvage and achieve preliminary purification of farmland drainage water quality; the volcanic rock, zeolite and expanded clay in the ecological permeable dam can intercept and adsorb water particles and pollutants, and the ecological permeable dam provides a matrix for the attachment and growth of microorganisms in the ecological ditch body, which can further purify the water quality of farmland drainage water; the water level in the ecological ditch body is controlled by the water level regulating structure, providing a stable ecological environment for the growth of microorganisms and plants in the ecological ditch body, and further utilizing microorganisms and plants to purify farmland drainage water.

[0025] 2. By planting slope protection plants on the side slopes of the ecological ditch body and planting submerged plants at the bottom of the ecological ditch body, the use of slope protection plants and submerged plants not only beautifies the environment of the ecological ditch, but also can absorb pollutants in the water body of the ecological ditch body, so that the water quality of farmland drainage is further purified.

[0026] 3. By setting up a water replenishment well in the ecological ditch body, the water replenishment well can accumulate excess water. When it is in the water shortage season, when the water level in the ecological ditch body drops due to water evaporation, the water in the water replenishment well can be pumped into the ecological ditch body by connecting an external pumping component to the water replenishment well, so as to provide sufficient water to the ecological ditch body in time, so as to keep the water level in the ecological ditch body stable, thereby ensuring the normal growth of aquatic plants and the stability of the ecological environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the top view structure of this application.

[0028] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the ecological ditch body in this application.

[0029] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the front view structure of the gate in this application.

[0030] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the side wall slope in this application.

[0031] Description of reference numerals:

[0032] 1. Water inlet; 2. Ecological permeable dam; 3. Gate; 4. Ecological ditch body; 5. Submerged plants; 6. Water retaining dam; 7. Water replenishment well; 21. Volcanic rock layer; 22. Zeolite layer; 23. Expanded clay layer; 31. Gate frame; 32. Gate plate; 33. Gate lifting rod; 41. Side wall slope; 411. Slope protection plants; 412. Round eight-shaped bricks. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present utility model, the technical solution of the present utility model is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0034] Combination Figures 1 to 4 As shown, this embodiment is an ecological ditch for purifying farmland drainage, including an ecological ditch body 4, an ecological permeable dam 2, and a water level regulating structure. In this embodiment, the ecological ditch body 4 is an inverted trapezoidal structure, and the two sides of the ecological ditch body 4 are side wall slopes 41. The upstream of the ecological ditch body 4 is provided with a water inlet 1, and the water inlet 1 is used to introduce farmland drainage into the ecological ditch body 4. The ecological permeable dam 2 is arranged upstream of the ecological ditch body 4, and the top surface of the ecological permeable dam 2 is flush with the top of the ecological ditch body 4. The ecological permeable dam 2 can intercept suspended matter and garbage in the farmland drainage, and the ecological permeable dam 2 can provide a substrate for the attachment and growth of microorganisms in the ecological ditch body 4. The water level regulating structure is arranged in the ecological ditch body 4, and the water level regulating structure can adjust the water level in the ecological ditch body 4, so that the ecological environment in the ecological ditch body 4 remains stable.

[0035] Furthermore, the ecological permeable dam 2 includes a volcanic rock layer 21, a zeolite layer 22 and a ceramsite layer 23, which are arranged in sequence along the water flow direction in the ecological ditch body 4. The thickness ratio of the volcanic rock layer 21, the zeolite layer 22 and the ceramsite layer 23 is 2:1:1, and each layer is placed side by side after being wrapped by a gabion mesh. Specifically, the particle size of the volcanic rock in the volcanic rock layer 21 is 30mm to 50mm, the particle size of the zeolite in the zeolite layer 22 is 10mm to 20mm, and the particle size of the ceramsite in the ceramsite layer 23 is 8mm to 10mm.

[0036] Furthermore, the water level regulating structure includes a gate 3, a water retaining dam 6 and a water replenishment well 7. The gate 3, the water retaining dam 6 and the water replenishment well 7 are all arranged in the ecological ditch body 4. The gate 3 is arranged on the downstream side of the ecological permeable dam 2, and the water retaining dam 6 is arranged downstream of the ecological ditch body 4. The water level in the ecological ditch body 4 can be controlled by the mutual cooperation of the gate 3 and the water retaining dam 6. The water replenishment well 7 is arranged on the downstream side of the water retaining dam 6, and the water replenishment well 7 is used to provide sufficient water to the ecological ditch body 4 in time.

[0037] In this embodiment, the gate 3 is made of stainless steel and the height of the gate 3 is 1.0 m. Figure 3 As shown, the gate 3 includes a gate frame 31, a gate lifting rod 33 and a gate plate 32. The gate frame 31 is arranged between the side wall slopes 41 on both sides. The gate lifting rod 33 is installed on the top of the gate frame 31, and the gate lifting rod 33 is connected to the gate plate 32. At the same time, the gate lifting rod 33 is hydraulically controlled to lift and lower, thereby adjusting the gate plate 32 to reciprocate in the vertical direction. When the water volume in the ecological ditch body 4 is normal, the gate 3 is controlled to be in a normally open state. When the water volume in the ecological ditch body 4 is insufficient, the gate 3 is controlled to be in a closed state to ensure that the water level in the ecological ditch body 4 is in a normal state.

[0038] Furthermore, the water retaining dam 6 adopts a compacted clay structure or a cement concrete structure, and the dam body extends into the clay layer at the bottom of the ecological ditch body 4. The setting height of the water retaining dam 6 is 0.6m-1.0m, and the water retaining dam 6 is 0.3m-0.5m lower than the top of the ditch. By setting the water retaining dam 6, when it rains, the rainwater floods the water retaining dam 6 and can be discharged downstream. At the same time, the water retaining dam 6 can prevent all the water in the ecological ditch body 4 from being discharged, so that the water level between the gate 3 and the water retaining dam 6 is controlled at 0.6m-1.0m, so as to ensure that the aquatic plants in the ecological ditch body 4 have a stable growth environment.

[0039] Furthermore, the water replenishment well 7 is a rectangular structure, the length-width ratio of the water replenishment well 7 is 1:1 to 1:5, and the bottom of the water replenishment well 7 is 0.5m to 1.0m lower than the bottom surface of the ecological ditch body 4. The water replenishment well 7 can accumulate excess water overflowing from the ecological ditch body 4. When it is in the water shortage season, the water in the ecological ditch body 4 will evaporate, further causing the internal water level to drop. At this time, by connecting a pumping assembly to the water replenishment well 7, the water in the water replenishment well 7 can be pumped into the ecological ditch body 4 using the pumping assembly, thereby ensuring the normal water level in the ditch and the stable growth of aquatic plants.

[0040] Further, such as Figure 4 As shown, closely arranged round bricks 412 are laid on the side wall slopes 41 on both sides of the ecological ditch body 4, and holes are opened in the center of the brick bodies of the round bricks 412, and slope protection plants 411 are planted in the holes. In this embodiment, the slope protection plants 411 include at least one or more of tall fescue, ryegrass, and bermudagrass.

[0041] Furthermore, submerged plants 5 are planted at the bottom of the ecological ditch body 4. In this embodiment, the submerged plants 5 include at least one or more of black algae, duckweed, and Vallisneria, and are planted at equal density.

[0042] By planting slope protection plants 411 and submerged plants 5 in the ecological ditch body 4, not only can the nitrogen and phosphorus in the water body be absorbed and processed, the concentration of organic pollutants in the water body can be reduced, and the water quality of farmland drainage can be purified, but it can also beautify the environment to a certain extent.

[0043] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present utility model, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present utility model. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present utility model should be included in the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. An ecological ditch for purifying farmland drainage, characterized in that: include: The ecological ditch body (4) has a water inlet (1) at its upstream for introducing drainage water from farmland; The ecological permeable dam (2) is arranged upstream of the ecological ditch body (4), capable of intercepting suspended matter and particulate matter in the farmland drainage water flowing through, and providing a matrix for the attachment and growth of microorganisms in the ecological ditch body (4); The water level regulating structure is arranged in the ecological ditch body (4) and is capable of regulating the water level in the ecological ditch body (4) so ​​that the ecological environment in the ecological ditch body (4) remains stable.

2. The ecological ditch for purifying farmland drainage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water level regulating structure comprises a gate (3) and a water retaining dam (6), wherein the gate (3) is arranged on the downstream side of the ecological permeable dam (2), and the water retaining dam (6) is arranged downstream of the ecological ditch body (4). By controlling the opening and closing of the gate (3), the water level between the gate (3) and the water retaining dam (6) in the ecological ditch body (4) is regulated.

3. The ecological ditch for purifying farmland drainage according to claim 2 is characterized by: The water level regulating structure also includes a water replenishment well (7), which is arranged inside the ecological ditch body (4) and located on the downstream side of the water retaining dam (6). When the water inlet (1) lacks water, causing the water level inside the ecological ditch body (4) to drop, the water in the water replenishment well (7) can be pumped into the ecological ditch body (4) through an external pumping component.

4. The ecological ditch for purifying farmland drainage according to claim 3 is characterized by: The bottom of the water replenishment well (7) is 0.5m to 1.0m lower than the bottom of the ecological ditch body (4), and the length-to-width ratio of the water replenishment well (7) is 1:1 to 1:

5.

5. The ecological ditch for purifying farmland drainage according to claim 2, characterized in that: The gate (3) is hydraulically controlled to open and close, and the gate (3) is 1.0 m high.

6. The ecological ditch for purifying farmland drainage according to claim 2, characterized in that: The height of the water retaining dam (6) is 0.6m to 1.0m, and the water retaining dam (6) is 0.3m to 0.5m lower than the top of the ecological ditch body (4).

7. The ecological ditch for purifying farmland drainage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ecological permeable dam (2) comprises a volcanic rock layer (21), a zeolite layer (22) and a ceramsite layer (23) in sequence along the water flow direction.

8. The ecological ditch for purifying farmland drainage according to claim 7, characterized in that: The particle size of the volcanic rock in the volcanic rock layer (21) is 30 mm to 50 mm, the particle size of the zeolite in the zeolite layer (22) is 10 mm to 20 mm, and the particle size of the ceramsite in the ceramsite layer (23) is 8 mm to 10 mm.

9. The ecological ditch for purifying farmland drainage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side wall slope (41) of the ecological ditch body (4) is built with round shaped bricks (412), the center of the round shaped bricks (412) is provided with a hole, and the hole is planted with slope protection plants (411), and the slope protection plants (411) include at least one of tall fescue, ryegrass, and bermudagrass.

10. The ecological ditch for purifying farmland drainage according to claim 1, characterized in that: Submerged plants (5) are planted at the bottom of the ecological ditch body (4), and the submerged plants (5) include at least one of black algae, duckweed, and Vallisneria.

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