System for efficiently purifying acetylene

Abstract

The utility model relates to a system for efficiently purifying acetylene. The system comprises an absorption device, a neutralization device, a storage device and a return pipe which are sequentially communicated through pipelines. The absorption device is used for efficiently absorbing sulfur and phosphorus impurities in the crude acetylene gas sent by the compression section, the neutralization device is used for neutralizing acidic substances entrained in the acetylene gas sent by the absorption device, and the storage device is used for storing the clean acetylene gas treated by the neutralization device. The system is simple in structure, convenient to operate and good in purification effect, the problems that purification is not thorough and the purity of acetylene products cannot meet the requirements of downstream enterprises in the existing acetylene gas purification technology are solved, the downstream use cost of acetylene is reduced, meanwhile, the use amount of an efficient absorbent is reduced, environmental pollution is reduced, and water resources are saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of chemical product purification, in particular to a system for efficiently purifying acetylene. Background Art

[0002] Acetylene is a colorless gas with a pungent odor and is one of the important raw materials for organic synthesis. It can be widely used in the production and synthesis of acetaldehyde, acetic acid, 1,4-butanediol, butadiene, vinyl chloride, vinyl acetate, acrylic acid (ester), synthetic rubber, synthetic fiber and plastics.

[0003] There are two main methods for producing acetylene: the calcium carbide method and the natural gas method. Most of the methods in my country use the calcium carbide method. Due to the quality problems of calcium carbide itself, the acetylene gas produced contains a certain amount of sulfur-containing impurities such as H2S, carbonyl sulfide, thiophene, and mercaptan, which affect the downstream use.

[0004] CN204699576U discloses an acetylene gas purification device. It includes a water washing tower, a sulfuric acid purification tower and a washing system. The beneficial effects of the utility model are that the acetylene gas is purified layer by layer by providing a water washing tower, a sulfuric acid purification tower and a washing system, thereby purifying high-purity acetylene gas. At the same time, the waste gas and waste liquid generated during the purification process are treated by providing an incineration device and a neutralization tank, thereby avoiding pollution to the environment. In addition, a washing tower heater is provided in the impurity removal mechanism to ensure that the purification treatment device can operate normally at low temperatures.

[0005] CN213965949U discloses an acetylene purification device, comprising a box body, a first purification chamber, a first filter layer, a second purification chamber, and a second filter layer are arranged at the bottom of the box body, the first purification chamber is filled with aqueous solution, the first filter layer is filled with quicklime, the second purification chamber is a cavity, and the second filter layer is filled with slaked lime. Acetylene gas passes through the first purification chamber, the second purification chamber, and the third purification chamber from bottom to top in the box body in turn to remove most of the acidic gas, water vapor, and the acidic gas that is not completely removed from the acetylene gas.

[0006] CN208542017U discloses a device for removing acidic impurities in acetylene gas. The device comprises a cylinder, wherein a plurality of lower spiral tubes are arranged above and below the cylinder, a plurality of gas outlet nozzles are fixed at the lower edge of the lower spiral tubes, the lower spiral tubes are connected to the gas inlet pipe on the cylinder, a receiving tray is fixed at the upper part of the cylinder, the upper edge of the receiving tray is fixedly and sealedly connected to the inner wall of the cylinder, a receiving box is connected below the receiving tray, the receiving box is connected to the box outside the cylinder through a pipeline, a liquid pump is arranged on the box, the liquid inlet pipe of the liquid pump is connected to the box, an upper spiral tube is fixed above the receiving tray, a plurality of nozzles are fixed at the lower edge of the upper spiral tube, the upper spiral tube is connected to the liquid outlet pipe of the liquid pump, an exhaust pipe connected to the cylinder top plate is arranged, and a liquid discharge pipe is arranged on the bottom plate of the cylinder. CN116196747A discloses an acetylene purification device and process. The device includes: a reaction mixer, a sodium hypochlorite preparation tank, a concentrated sodium hypochlorite pump, a mixer, a sodium hypochlorite storage tank, a sodium hypochlorite feeding pump, a sodium hypochlorite circulation pump, a sodium hypochlorite washing tower, a comprehensive washing tower, an alkali solution circulation pump, a water washing intermediate tank, and a water washing circulation pump. Even if the sodium hypochlorite feeding pump of the device suddenly stops, the sodium hypochlorite solution with acetylene gas will not flow back to the sodium hypochlorite preparation tank, thus avoiding the contact between acetylene gas and chlorine gas in the sodium hypochlorite preparation tank and eliminating major safety hazards; impurities in acetylene gas are removed through purification treatment, the generation of side reactions in the reaction process is reduced, catalyst poisoning is avoided, and the foundation for the production of high-purity vinyl acetate is laid.

[0007] CN213965949U and CN208542017U adopt a box-type or barrel-type impurity removal system, and a purification chamber and a lime filter layer are set in the system. On the one hand, the system is limited by volume and is only suitable for micro-sized acetylene devices. Moreover, since an aqueous solution is used as an impurity removal medium, the impurity removal effect is general. In addition, the quicklime filter layer is very likely to be hardened after absorbing water, causing the acetylene inlet pipeline to increase pressure, affecting safe operation. CN204699576U uses a combination of a water washing tower, a sulfuric acid purification tower and a washing system to purify acetylene, which is suitable for large-scale industrial processes. However, since sulfuric acid purification is a redox reaction, the reaction is controlled by a gas film, and the mass transfer rate of the tower is slow. The impurity removal effect is improved compared with CN213965949U and CN208542017U, but the impurity removal effect is not ideal due to the influence of the tower residence time. CN116196747A discloses an acetylene purification device and process, which mainly solve the problem that the sodium hypochlorite feeding pump suddenly stops during the production and impurity removal process, causing the sodium hypochlorite circulating liquid containing acetylene gas to flow back to the sodium hypochlorite storage tank through the sodium hypochlorite feeding pump, affecting safe operation, and the problem of controlling the concentration of the sodium hypochlorite solution to improve the removal efficiency of impurities in acetylene. Similarly, this method is the same as CN204699576U, which is controlled by the gas film mass transfer rate, the mass transfer rate is slow, and the impurity removal effect is not ideal. Summary of the invention

[0008] In order to solve the problems of slow mass transfer rate and unsatisfactory impurity removal effect in the process of acetylene impurity removal, further improve the effect of removing sulfur-containing impurities such as H2S, carbonyl sulfide, thiophene, and mercaptan in acetylene gas in one time, improve the purity of acetylene, and reduce the cost of downstream use, a system for efficiently purifying acetylene is provided.

[0009] The utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0010] The system comprises an absorption device, a neutralization device, a storage device and a reflux pipe which are sequentially connected by pipelines; a gas inlet is arranged at the front end of the absorption device, a gas outlet is arranged at the rear end of the absorption device and is connected to the gas inlet arranged at the front end of the neutralization device; a gas outlet is arranged at the rear end of the neutralization device and is connected to the gas inlet arranged at the front end of the storage device, and a gas outlet is arranged at the rear end of the storage device; a reflux pipe is arranged at the front end of the absorption device and is connected to the rear end pipeline of the absorption device; the total sulfur impurity content in the acetylene gas treated by the novel acetylene purification system is reduced to ≤0.5ppm.

[0011] As mentioned above the absorption means comprises a super gravity absorber.

[0012] As mentioned above, the absorbent used in the supergravity absorber includes any one of a sodium hypochlorite absorbent and a concentrated sulfuric acid absorbent.

[0013] As mentioned above, the supergravity absorber adopts either active drive or passive drive.

[0014] As mentioned above, when the supergravity absorber adopts active drive, the motor is provided with a frequency conversion device.

[0015] As mentioned above, the absorption liquid inlet pipeline of the supergravity absorber is provided with an absorption liquid automatic control valve, the gas inlet pipeline is provided with an acetylene flow meter, and the gas outlet pipeline is provided with an acetylene reflux valve.

[0016] As mentioned above, the acetylene gas inlet and outlet pipelines of the supergravity absorber are both equipped with an online sulfur content detector.

[0017] As mentioned above, the supergravity absorber motor frequency conversion device, the gas outlet pipeline sulfur content online detector, and the gas outlet pipeline acetylene reflux valve are interlocked, and the absorption liquid automatic control valve of the supergravity absorber absorption liquid inlet pipeline, the gas inlet sulfur content online detector, and the acetylene flowmeter of the gas inlet pipeline are interlocked to ensure that the sulfur impurity content in the acetylene gas at the outlet of the absorption device is below 0.5ppm.

[0018] The use process of the system for efficiently purifying acetylene as described above comprises the following steps:

[0019] Step (1) After the acetylene compressed by the acetylene compressor enters the absorption device inlet pipeline, the flow monitoring device and the inlet sulfur content online detector measure the acetylene gas flow and sulfur content, and then the absorber absorption liquid automatic control valve is interlocked and adjusted. After the absorption device absorbs sulfur impurities, the acetylene enters the neutralization device through the absorption device gas outlet;

[0020] In step (2), if the sulfur content in the outlet is detected by an online detector and the sulfur impurities are not removed up to the standard, an interlocking alarm is triggered, and the acetylene gas from step (1) is refluxed into the absorption device again, and the motor frequency of the supergravity device is increased through interlocking. After the sulfur impurities are removed up to the standard, the gas enters the neutralization device from the gas outlet pipeline of the absorption device;

[0021] Step (3) the acetylene gas (containing acidic substances) from step (2) enters a neutralization device to remove the acidic substances entrained in the gas, and then enters a storage device for storage through a gas outlet of the neutralization device;

[0022] The utility model increases the contact area between the absorption liquid and the acetylene gas, thereby improving the efficiency of removing impurities in the acetylene gas and achieving better effects.

[0023] Compared with the existing technology, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0024] Existing patents only disclose the use of towers for impurity removal, and the primary impurity removal rate is low. The sulfur impurity index in the treated acetylene gas can only be used for the preparation of vinyl chloride, and cannot be directly used as a raw material for other industries such as acetaldehyde, acetic acid, 1,4-butanediol, butadiene, etc., and often needs further purification before use. The utility model provides a complete and efficient acetylene gas purification system. The sulfur content of the purified acetylene gas can be reduced to 0.5ppm, and it can be directly used as a raw material by downstream enterprises without deep purification, thereby reducing the product cost of downstream enterprises. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a system for efficiently purifying acetylene;

[0026] Figure numbers: 1 crude acetylene gas; 2 absorption device; 3 neutralization device; 4 storage device; 5 reflux pipe; 5-1 acetylene reflux valve; 6-1 online detector for inlet sulfur content; 6-2 online detector for outlet sulfur content; 7 acetylene flow meter; 8 absorption liquid automatic control valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned purpose, features and advantages of the utility model, the utility model is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0028] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0029] The following is combined with Figure 1 The utility model is further described in detail with specific implementation modes, but is by no means intended to limit the scope of the utility model.

[0030] Embodiment 1: A system for efficiently purifying acetylene, comprising an acetylene flowmeter 7, an online detector for inlet sulfur content 6-1, an absorber 2, an online detector for outlet sulfur content 6-2, an acetylene reflux valve 5-1, a neutralizer 3, and a storage device 4, which are connected in sequence. The pipeline of the crude acetylene gas 1 from compression is sequentially installed with an acetylene flowmeter 7 and an online detector for inlet sulfur content 6-1, and is connected to the gas inlet of the absorber 2. The liquid phase inlet pipeline of the absorber 2 is installed with an absorption liquid automatic control valve 8. The gas outlet pipeline of the absorber 2 is installed with an online detector for outlet sulfur content 6-2 and an acetylene reflux valve 5-1, and is connected to the gas inlet of the neutralizer 3. The gas outlet of the neutralizer 3 is connected to the gas inlet of the storage device 4. The absorber 2 as described above is used to efficiently absorb sulfur and phosphorus impurities in the crude acetylene gas 1, the neutralizer 3 is used to neutralize the acidic substances entrained in the acetylene gas sent by the absorber 2, and the storage device 4 is used to store the clean acetylene gas treated by the neutralizer 3.

[0031] The use process of the utility model is as follows: crude acetylene 1 from acetylene compression enters the absorption device 2 through the gas inlet, is mixed with the absorption liquid entering the absorption device 2 through the absorption liquid automatic control valve 8, and after absorbing and removing impurities such as H2S and PH3, the acetylene gas enters the neutralization device 2 from the gas outlet of the absorption device 2, and after neutralization and absorption to remove acid mist in the acetylene, the acetylene enters the storage device 4 from the gas outlet of the neutralization device 3 for storage. After the sulfur-containing impurities in acetylene gas enter through the acetylene flowmeter 7 on the inlet pipeline of the absorber 2 and the online sulfur content detector 6-1 on the absorber inlet pipeline to measure the acetylene gas flow and sulfur content, the absorber absorption liquid automatic control valve 8 is interlocked to adjust. After the sulfur-containing impurities are absorbed by the absorber 2, the gas enters the neutralization device 3 through the gas outlet of the absorber 2; after the sulfur content is detected by the online sulfur content detector 6-2 at the outlet, if the interlock alarm is set off when the sulfur content exceeds the standard, the acetylene reflux valve 5-1 is opened, and acetylene enters the absorber 2 again through the reflux pipe 5, and the motor frequency of the supergravity absorption device is increased through the interlock. After the sulfur-containing impurities are removed and meet the standard, the acetylene enters the neutralization device 3 from the gas outlet pipeline of the absorber 2, and after the acidic substances in the gas are neutralized and removed, it is sent to the storage device 4 for storage.

[0032] Example 2: Refer to the attached instructions Figure 1 The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the absorption device of the device adopts a passively driven supergravity device.

[0033] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model rather than to limit it. Although the utility model is described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, ordinary technicians in the relevant field should understand that after reading the specification of this application, the technicians can still modify or replace the specific implementation methods of the utility model with equivalents, but these modifications or changes do not deviate from the scope of protection of the claims of the utility model application.

Claims

1. A system for efficiently purifying acetylene, characterized in that The system comprises an absorption device, a neutralization device, a storage device and a reflux pipe which are sequentially connected by pipelines; a gas inlet is arranged at the front end of the absorption device, and a gas outlet is arranged at the rear end of the absorption device which is connected to the gas inlet arranged at the front end of the neutralization device; a gas outlet is arranged at the rear end of the neutralization device which is connected to the gas inlet arranged at the front end of the storage device, and a gas outlet is arranged at the rear end of the storage device; a reflux pipe is arranged at the front end of the absorption device which is connected to the rear end pipeline of the absorption device.

2. A system for efficiently purifying acetylene according to claim 1, characterized in that The absorption device includes a super gravity absorber.

3. A system for efficiently purifying acetylene according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that The absorbent used in the supergravity absorber includes any one of a sodium hypochlorite absorbent and a concentrated sulfuric acid absorbent.

4. A system for efficiently purifying acetylene according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that The supergravity absorber adopts either active driving or passive driving.

5. A system for efficiently purifying acetylene according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that When the supergravity absorber adopts active drive, the motor is provided with a frequency conversion device.

6. A system for efficiently purifying acetylene according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that An absorption liquid automatic control valve is arranged on the absorption liquid inlet pipeline of the supergravity absorber, an acetylene flow meter is arranged on the gas inlet pipeline, and an acetylene reflux valve is arranged on the gas outlet pipeline.

7. A system for efficiently purifying acetylene according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that The gas inlet pipeline and gas outlet pipeline of the supergravity absorber are both equipped with online sulfur content detectors.

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