Curved layered product

Abstract

A curved layered product comprising a first outer layer (2), a second inner layer (1) which in its initial form has a plurality of depressions, and an insulating layer (3) consisting of a polyisocyanate foam or a polyurethane foam arranged between the two layers and bonded at least to the second layer (1), the depressions of which serve to exert a force for deforming / bending the plate in a transverse direction to the depressions. It is characterized in that the second layer (1) has the form of an initially flat film made of a deformable material of a specific thickness (δ1), the material being located inside the curved area / section, and after bending, several symmetrical depressions are present at a constant or variable spacing (p).These are achieved by applying a surface load (F) across the entire side, which determines the curvature. Depending on the desired shape of the bent product, the indentations determined by the surface load (F) can also be arranged obliquely – these can be asymmetrical and / or non-parallel – wherein the outer layer (2) has the form of a sheet, initially flat, made of a malleable material with a thickness (δ2) that is equal to or different from that of the first layer, which is located on the outside of the curved area / section, and the third filler layer (3), which consists of polyurethane foam, polystyrene, mineral wool, foam rubber or a combination thereof, which form a common body by bonding with the aforementioned layers (1, 2) of thickness (δ3).

Description

[0001] The invention “curved layered product” refers to building elements such as curved panels made of several layers that are used in the construction sector.

[0002] Inventions for the production of bent layered products with two outer layers in the form of sheets and an inner insulating / heat-insulating layer are known, which have the disadvantage that they require a prior arrangement / bringing into the bent shape of the elements of the layered structure or the metal sheets, and then their consolidation and filling with the insulating layer, which complicates the production of bent layered structures and also entails high production costs.

[0003] For example, the invention GB 2374878 A, entitled "Composite panel for curved roofs or walls", published on October 30, 2002, is known, which relates to a composite panel used for constructing curved roofs or curved walls. It consists of a first outer layer, a second inner layer, and an insulating layer disposed between the two layers. The second layer, in its initial form, has a plurality of V-shaped recesses that serve to apply a force to deform the panel from a substantially flat state to a curved state in a direction transverse to the recesses; they also serve to prevent the layer from breaking during bending. The two aforementioned layers are made of sheet metal, while the insulating material is made of polyurethane foam or another similar material and forms a single body when bonded to the two layers.The invention also relates to a method for erecting a curved wall or roof construction, comprising the steps of providing a support structure; the panel is applied in its flat manufacturing state as described above to the aforementioned support structure and deformed by applying a force to the second layer according to the desired curvature. The compression of the second inner layer at the bend creates a force that presses the second layer more firmly towards the insulation material, opposite to the direction that would cause delamination. The spacing of the indentations arranged along the panel varies depending on design requirements and the desired use of the panel. With greater curvature, the spacing between the indentations will generally be smaller.

[0004] Also known is the invention GB 2262754 A, entitled "Curved facade panel," published on June 30, 1993. It describes a curved panel consisting of two outer surfaces and an insulating core. The outer surface is provided with several indentations distributed over almost its entire surface, created by bending the panel. The two sides are usually made of metal, and a filler material with thermal and sound-insulating properties is inserted between them.

[0005] The technical problem solved by the invention is to produce a curved laminated panel from a flat, folded laminated panel or to change the curvature of an existing curved laminated panel.

[0006] The curved layered product produced according to the invention comprises a first layer of a given thickness, a second layer of a different or equal thickness, and a third inner filler layer of a given thickness. A force is applied to the first layer in the form of a distributed force, causing a local subsidence of the first layer. This force is absorbed by the tension in the material of the third layer, a tension exerted on the first layer and transferred through the material of the third layer to the second layer, creating a moment which, together with changes in the density distribution in the third layer and the adhesion forces between the third and second layers, forms the curvature of the third layer, which also leads to the curvature of the second layer. This force is applied successively across the entire width, length, or obliquely to the plate, causing a parallel or non-parallel embossing.By moving the plate or force step by step, the required radius results from the correlation of the force size with the step size.;

[0007] The following advantages are achieved by applying the invention: - increased productivity; - Reduction of the cost of curved plates; - enables the use of conventional flat laminated panels in curved panels of any radius with minimal effort;

[0008] An example of an embodiment of a bent layer product manufactured according to the invention is described below in connection with Fig. and Fig. which represents: - Fig. , Section through the composite panel before bending and - Fig. , Section through the curved composite panel.

[0009] With reference to Fig. and Fig.The bent layered product according to the invention comprises the following steps: A layered plate is considered to be a layered structure which has two sheets of flat or corrugated sheet 1, 2 with a thickness δ1 as outer layers, between which there is a filling material 3 consisting of polyurethane foam with a thickness of δ3, which forms a common body by bonding with the outer layers 1 and 2.

[0010] The laminated panel is placed horizontally on a rigid support, such as a wooden table. The support can be fixed or movable, and the panel has a length or width in the direction of the support movement or the distributed force, depending on whether the panel is to be curved longitudinally or transversely. Depending on the desired shape of the curved panel, the laminated base panel can also be placed at an angle on the rigid support, with the distributed force F applied perpendicular to the direction of travel.

[0011] On the upper surface of the upper plate 1 with thickness δ1, a distributed force F is successively applied over the entire length / width of the plate with a step p perpendicular to the direction of movement across the entire width or length (i.e., transversely); the distributed force F thus determines the local subsidence of the upper layer 1 to a depth h in the form of symmetrical, parallel depressions that determine the curvature of the upper layer 1 to obtain a predetermined radius R. Furthermore, depending on the desired shape of the curved plate, the distributed force F can be applied obliquely to the direction of travel, and the depressions can be asymmetrical and / or non-parallel.

[0012] The distributed force F is thus absorbed by the stress T in the material of the third filling layer 3, a stress exerted on the first layer 1 and transmitted through the material of the third layer 3 to the second layer 2; this creates a moment M which bends the layer 3, together with changes in the density distribution in this layer 3 and by the adhesion forces between the second outer layer / lower plate 2 and the filling layer 3, which also bends the lower layer (2);

[0013] In the specific embodiment, the recess has the shape of the letter “V” and the depth dimension (h) correlated with the surface load F forms the desired radius R of the curved composite panel;

[0014] The area load F is applied successively across the entire length or width of the panel, either by shifting the area load F or by shifting the panel according to the specified distance p, which in the example design—where a layered panel is shaped like a circular cylindrical sleeve (crown segment)—is constant and is a fraction of a unit of panel length / width. The distance p, correlated with the area load (load size) F, determines the radius R of the curved layered product, which represents the final product.

[0015] The distance p, which represents the distance between two adjacent depressions, can also be variable, but with a symmetrical variation with respect to the axis of symmetry of the plate, parallel to the depressions, if it is desired to obtain a layered plate in the form of a parabolic cylindrical sleeve part.

[0016] The curved layered product consists of a first outer layer 1, located towards the inside of the curved area / section with a thickness of δ1 and having some symmetrical or asymmetrical depressions relative to the central axis of the product, achieved by applying a distributed load F, a second outer layer 2 - located towards the outside of the curved area / section and having a thickness δ2 that is the same or different from that of the first layer - and a third layer of filler material 3 with a thickness δ3, located between the first two layers and connected to them. A distributed load F is applied to the first layer 1, which determines a local subsidence of the first layer by the amount h, thus causing the layer to bend.The distributed load F is absorbed by the stress T in the material of the third layer 3, which is exerted on the first layer 1 and transferred through the material of the third layer 3 to the second layer 2. Thus, a moment M occurs that also bends the second layer 2, which remains smooth. Together with the change in the density distribution in the third layer 3 and the adhesion forces between the layers, this results in the curvature of the entire plate. The distributed load F applied to the first layer 1 at a distance P, where the distance correlates with the distributed load, forms the specified radius R.

[0017] The bent layered product may comprise outer layers 1 and 2 made of metal or other deformable materials and an inner layer 3 made of filling materials such as polyurethane foam, polystyrene, mineral wool or similar.

[0018] The strength of the curvature R of the curved layer product depends on the local depression h of the first layer 1 and the strength of the surface load F acting on the first layer 1. QUOTES CONTAINED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0000] This list of documents submitted by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the convenience of the reader. This list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature

[0000] GB 2374878 A

[0003] GB 2262754 A

[0004]

Claims

[1] A bent laminated product comprising a first outer layer (2), a second inner layer (1) which, in its initial form, has a plurality of recesses, and an insulating layer (3) consisting of a polyisocyanate foam or a polyurethane foam which is arranged between the two layers and is glued to at least the second layer (1) and whose recesses serve to exert a force for deforming / bending the panel in a direction transverse to the recesses. characterized byThe second layer (1) is in the form of an initially flat foil made of a deformable material with a specific thickness (δ1), the material being located inside the curved area / section, and after bending, some symmetrical depressions are present at a constant or variable distance (p). These are achieved by applying a surface load (F) across the entire side, which determines the curvature.Depending on the desired shape of the bent product, the recesses determined by the surface load (F) can also be arranged obliquely - these can be asymmetrical and / or non-parallel -, the outer layer (2) being in the form of a sheet, initially flat, made of a malleable material with a thickness (δ2) equal to or different from the first layer located towards the outside of the curved area / section, and the third filling layer (3) consisting of polyurethane foam, polystyrene, mineral wool, foam rubber or a combination thereof, which form a common body by gluing to the aforementioned layers (1, 2) of thickness (δ3).

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