Fire resistant and intumescent laminate, useful as a vapor barrier in wood and steel constructions

a vapor barrier and intumescent technology, applied in the direction of floors, building components, construction materials, etc., can solve the problems of generating a significant amount of water vapor, serious damage, fiberglass and rock-wool lose their effectiveness, etc., and achieve the effect of slowing down the transmission of hea

Inactive Publication Date: 2009-01-08
INT RESEN
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

The patent describes a special material that is used to slow down the spread of fire and protect structures from fire damage. This material is made up of a fire-resistant putty that expands when exposed to temperature, sealing any cracks that might form during installation. It also protects the structures from fire and other types of sheathing made up of gypsum-boards, plywood, and other materials.

Problems solved by technology

It is a known fact that when people use baths, kitchens and sinks inside a house, this generates a significant amount of water vapor.
This causes the vapor to condensate, which in turn makes contact with the sheathing materials, both structural and insulating, all of which causes serious damage when prolonged in time.
Both fiberglass and rock-wool lose their effectiveness when they absorb humidity, loosing their insulating effectiveness.
However, in case of fire, it even loses its watertightness which can even result in it to start to burn, which only contributes in aggravating the problem.
It is known that plaster, which is a di-hydrated calcium sulphate, begins to lose the water of hydration at 128° C., and loses it completely at 168° C. When losing the water, a retraction takes place in the plaster which makes is crack and pulverize, thereby losing its mechanical properties which results in the structure collapsing.
Once the gypsum board has collapsed, the wood frames are exposed to the fire, and these start to carbonize.

Method used

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  • Fire resistant and intumescent laminate, useful as a vapor barrier in wood and steel constructions
  • Fire resistant and intumescent laminate, useful as a vapor barrier in wood and steel constructions
  • Fire resistant and intumescent laminate, useful as a vapor barrier in wood and steel constructions

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

example 1

Without Insulation

[0019]In order to evaluate the usefulness of the self-adhesive intumescent membrane, a fire test was performed of a scaled-down structural wall assembly, namely a 50 by 50 centimeters structure formed by an inner board (11) (exposed to the fire) of a 10 mm width gypsum board, placed on a radiata pine frame (13, 17) of 45 millimeters thickness by 90 millimeters width, covered on the outside by an OSB board (18) of 9.5 millimeters thickness, without any other insulations in between.

[0020]In order to determine the effectiveness of the semi-liquid membrane, an additional piece of wood was installed (15) of 45 by 90 millimeters of radiata pine in vertical form in the center of the frame, whereby the laminate of flexible membrane of one millimeter thickness (12) was placed directly behind the gypsum board on one half (11). The other half of the structure was left without the protecting membrane. (FIG. 2 schematically shows the testing frame).

[0021]The furnace used for th...

example 2

With Insulation

[0025]In order to directly visualize the protective effect to the fire of the vapor barrier made with laminates of intumescent, self-adhesive, inorganic fire-resistant putty, a wall assembly as shown in FIG. 5 was constructed for a test, made up of two stiles of radiata pine (28), on to which two laminates (32, 33) of the inorganic intumescent putty of 1.5 millimeters of thickness were placed; the outer side (not exposed to the fire) was covered with an OSB board (29), and the inner side (exposed to the fire) was covered with a gypsum board (30), filling up the interior with fiberglass insulation (31) of 10 centimeters thickness. In the center of this structural assembly, a gas-powered blowtorch / flamethrower was placed at 30 centimeters distance. After a few minutes, the gypsum board disintegrated, exposing the flame directly on to the intumescent inorganic putty laminate, which then lasted for over six hours without any destruction or flame spread.

[0026]The numbers i...

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Abstract

An intumescent laminate vapor barrier is fabricated with a fire-resistant putty. This has the advantage that it slows down the transmission of heat, expands when being exposed to temperature and thereby seals the cracks which could have been formed during the installation. It also protects the structures (framings) from fire and the sheathing made up of gypsum-boards, plywood, Oriented Strand Boards (OSB) or any other type.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION[0001]It is a known fact that when people use baths, kitchens and sinks inside a house, this generates a significant amount of water vapor. This vapor is retained by the air inside a house, which in turn increases its degree of humidity in relation to the air outside of the house.[0002]Since most construction material is permeable to the passage of water vapor, this humidity penetrates the walls and ceilings to approach the external walls of the buildings, which are generally colder than the interior walls where the steam originates from. This causes the vapor to condensate, which in turn makes contact with the sheathing materials, both structural and insulating, all of which causes serious damage when prolonged in time. Both fiberglass and rock-wool lose their effectiveness when they absorb humidity, loosing their insulating effectiveness. It is for these reasons that contact between the water vapor and the constructive materials at the inside of the hous...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & AuthorityApplications(United States)
IPC IPC(8): E04C2/02E04C2/24
CPCE04C2/386E04C2/296
InventorMORENO G., JUAN PABLO
OwnerINT RESEN