Method for extracting germanium from brown coal

Abstract

The invention provides a process of germanium extraction from brown coal, which is germanium extraction by employing a cyclone furnace. The process includes that the brown coal is added in the cyclone furnace to mix with hot wind which is sent into the cyclone furnace, the brown coal is burned, the CO content inside the cyclone furnace is controlled within the range of 0.5-1%, germanium in the brown coal is reduced and volatilized into flue gas, and flue dust is collected as raw material of the germanium. The process can achieve the purposes that the flour shaped brown coal is fully used to enlarge the productivity of the germanium, the recovery ratio of the germanium is increased, and the excess energy is effectively recovered.

Description

technical field

[0001] The invention provides a method for extracting germanium, especially a method for extracting germanium from coal. Background technique

[0002] Germanium is a scattered element, a silver-gray brittle metal with semiconductor properties, so it is also called a semi-metal. With the advancement of science and technology and the improvement of people's production level, germanium is widely used in industrial and agricultural production, military industry and people's daily life, and the extraction and metallurgy of germanium has also been greatly developed.

[0003] my country's germanium resources are very rich, but because the distribution of germanium is too scattered, there are very few ore-forming minerals, and there is no separate deposit. Industrial production is mainly recovered from lead-zinc ore and extracted from coal. According to historical records, the methods for extracting germanium from lead-zinc ore mainly include recovery of germanium f...

Examples

Embodiment 1

[0070] Embodiment one. the process method of extracting germanium from lignite of the present invention

[0071] 1. Vortex furnace of the present invention

[0072] In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the structure of the used vortex furnace is a vertical cylinder, which is mainly divided into two parts: the furnace cover and the furnace body. , cleaning holes and ignition holes; the furnace body of the vortex furnace is preferably a cylindrical structure surrounded by seamless steel pipes, and the upper part is provided with two relative 180° tuyere, and a tongue-shaped movable baffle is also provided in the tuyere to Adjust the wind speed of entering the furnace, and the middle part is equipped with a diaphragm in the form of a waist to control the rotation pitch of the outer airflow to increase the strength of the central updraft and maintain the temperature level of the vortex chamber. Set up measuring holes and air supply holes.

[0073] Vortex furnace...

Embodiment 2

[0088] Embodiment two. The process of extracting germanium from lump coal containing germanium

[0089] 1. the vortex furnace that adopts is with embodiment one;

[0090] 2. Method for extracting germanium from lump coal

[0091] (1) Pretreatment of lump coal:

[0092] Crush the lump coal into a particle size of less than 3mm, dry it so that the water content in the coal is less than 15%, and then prepare it as a charge suitable for vortex smelting;

[0093] (2) Lump coal combustion to extract germanium:

[0094] Add the pre-treated charge in step (1) on the top of the vortex furnace, and mix it with the hot air fed tangentially at a speed of 100m / s or more at 300-350°C to burn the lump coal violently and control the temperature of the vortex furnace. The CO content at the outlet is in the range of 0.5-1%. The flue gas generated by combustion is collected and the coal ash is discarded. The coal ash flows down the furnace wall and is discharged from the slag outlet. The high...

technical field

[0001] The invention provides a method for extracting germanium, especially a method for extracting germanium from coal. Background technique

[0002] Germanium is a scattered element, a silver-gray brittle metal with semiconductor properties, so it is also called a semi-metal. With the advancement of science and technology and the improvement of people's production level, germanium is widely used in industrial and agricultural production, military industry and people's daily life, and the extraction and metallurgy of germanium has also been greatly developed.

[0003] my country's germanium resources are very rich, but because the distribution of germanium is too scattered, there are very few ore-forming minerals, and there is no separate deposit. Industrial production is mainly recovered from lead-zinc ore and extracted from coal. According to historical records, the methods for extracting germanium from lead-zinc ore mainly include recovery of germanium f...

Examples

Embodiment 1

[0070] Embodiment one. the process method of extracting germanium from lignite of the present invention

[0071] 1. Vortex furnace of the present invention

[0072] In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the structure of the used vortex furnace is a vertical cylinder, which is mainly divided into two parts: the furnace cover and the furnace body. , cleaning holes and ignition holes; the furnace body of the vortex furnace is preferably a cylindrical structure surrounded by seamless steel pipes, and the upper part is provided with two relative 180° tuyere, and a tongue-shaped movable baffle is also provided in the tuyere to Adjust the wind speed of entering the furnace, and the middle part is equipped with a diaphragm in the form of a waist to control the rotation pitch of the outer airflow to increase the strength of the central updraft and maintain the temperature level of the vortex chamber. Set up measuring holes and air supply holes.

[0073] Vortex furnace...

Embodiment 2

[0088] Embodiment two. The process of extracting germanium from lump coal containing germanium

[0089] 1. the vortex furnace that adopts is with embodiment one;

[0090] 2. Method for extracting germanium from lump coal

[0091] (1) Pretreatment of lump coal:

[0092] Crush the lump coal into a particle size of less than 3mm, dry it so that the water content in the coal is less than 15%, and then prepare it as a charge suitable for vortex smelting;

[0093] (2) Lump coal combustion to extract germanium:

[0094] Add the pre-treated charge in step (1) on the top of the vortex furnace, and mix it with the hot air fed tangentially at a speed of 100m / s or more at 300-350°C to burn the lump coal violently and control the temperature of the vortex furnace. The CO content at the outlet is in the range of 0.5-1%. The flue gas generated by combustion is collected and the coal ash is discarded. The coal ash flows down the furnace wall and is discharged from the slag outlet. The high...