Biomass burner

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of combustion equipment, and particularly relates to a biomass burner. The biomass burner comprises a furnace (1), a material conveying section (2) for conveying biomass fuel to the furnace (1), and an air duct (3) for providing oxygen to the furnace (1). A flame outlet (11) and a material inlet (12) are provided on the side of the furnace (1). An ash storage bin (13) is provided below the furnace (1). A grate (14) is provided between the furnace (1) and the ash storage bin (13). The ash storage bin (13) is connected to the air duct (3) to provide oxygen to the furnace (1) from bottom to top. A partition (4) is provided between the material inlet (12) and the material conveying section (2). A material blast port (41) is provided in the partition (4). The biomass fuel is blown into the furnace (1) by wind force blown out of the material blast port (41). The biomass burner can greatly reduce the coking phenomenon of the biomass fuel and improve the utilization efficiency of thermal energy.

Description

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of combustion equipment, and in particular relates to a biomass burner. Background Art

[0002] Biomass fuel is a new type of clean fuel made from agricultural and forestry waste as raw materials through screening, crushing, mixing, extrusion, drying and other processes. A biomass burner is a burner used to burn biomass fuel, generally including a furnace, a material conveying part for conveying biomass fuel to the furnace, and an air duct for providing oxygen to the furnace. The side of the furnace is provided with a flame outlet and a material inlet, and an ash storage bin is provided below the furnace. A grate is provided between the furnace and the ash storage bin, and the ash storage bin is connected to the air duct to provide oxygen to the furnace from bottom to top. The applicant has found that the biomass burner in the prior art often has the phenomenon of biomass fuel coking. The coked biomass fuel will block the grate, thereby affecting the supply of oxygen and reducing the combustion efficiency. The reduced combustion efficiency will in turn accelerate the grate to be blocked by the blocky coke, forming a vicious circle. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a biomass burner which can not only reduce the coking phenomenon of biomass fuel but also improve the utilization efficiency of thermal energy.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0005] The biomass burner comprises a furnace, a material conveying part for conveying biomass fuel to the furnace, and an air duct for providing oxygen to the furnace. A flame outlet and a material inlet are arranged on the side of the furnace. An ash storage bin is arranged below the furnace. A grate is arranged between the furnace and the ash storage bin. The ash storage bin is connected to the air duct to provide oxygen to the furnace from bottom to top. A partition is arranged between the material inlet and the material conveying part. A material blast port is arranged in the partition. The biomass fuel is blown into the furnace by the wind force blown out of the material blast port.

[0006] The applicant found that in the prior art, the biomass fuel near the furnace wall is affected by the high temperature flame in the furnace, and often slightly self-ignites before entering the furnace. At this time, due to insufficient oxygen, it is very easy to form block coke. Once this coke falls into the furnace, it may not be easy to disperse, which may be a major cause of clogging the grate. In addition, the squeezing of the biomass fuel by the material conveying part before entering the furnace is another reason for the formation of block coke. Once the biomass fuel is damp, the probability of forming block coke is greatly increased.

[0007] The present application sets a partition between the material inlet and the material conveying part, so that the biomass fuel is not affected by the flame in the furnace before it falls into the furnace, reducing the probability of spontaneous combustion of the biomass fuel at the furnace wall of the furnace. The partition is provided with a material blast port, and the biomass fuel is blown into the furnace by the wind blown out of the material blast port. The technical effects produced by this feature are as follows: (1) it is conducive to the dispersion of biomass fuel, dispersing the biomass fuel that was originally squeezed by the material conveying part, which is conducive to the full combustion of the biomass fuel; (2) it increases the amount of oxygen in the furnace body, and oxygen enters the furnace body along with the biomass fuel, so that the biomass fuel has enough oxygen to support its full combustion; (3) it reduces the probability of slight spontaneous combustion of the biomass fuel before entering the furnace body, prevents the biomass fuel from coking on the furnace wall, and avoids the generation of large pieces of ash, so it is not easy to block the grate; (4) because the grate is not easy to be blocked, the oxygen entering the furnace from the ash storage bin is relatively sufficient, which is conducive to the full combustion of the biomass fuel, and the ash is not easy to deposit downward; (5) the flame outlet and the material inlet are both located on the side of the furnace, and the wind blown out of the material blast port is conducive to blowing the fine ash in the furnace body to the flame outlet. The increase in the ash content in the heat wave of the flame outlet is conducive to improving the insulation effect of the high-temperature flue gas, thereby improving the utilization efficiency of thermal energy.

[0008] As an improvement, the material air blasting port is connected to an air duct. The wind of the material air blasting port can be provided by the air duct or by other separate wind generating devices.

[0009] As an improvement, the width of the spacer is at least 10 centimeters.

[0010] As an improvement, the flame outlet and the material inlet are located on opposite sides of the furnace inner wall. This solution can increase the influence of the wind force of the material inlet on the flame outlet, so that the ash increases the power to move to the flame outlet.

[0011] As an improvement, the flame outlet is located higher than the material inlet.

[0012] As a further improvement, a heat-insulating jacket is arranged outside the furnace, and a heat-insulating air duct is formed in the gap between the furnace and the heat-insulating jacket, and the heat-insulating air duct is connected with the air duct. The heat-insulating air duct increases the heat-insulating effect of the furnace.

[0013] As a further improvement, the ash storage bin is provided with a reflector, and the wind entering the ash storage bin enters the furnace after being reflected by the reflector. The setting of the reflector allows the wind to be directed upward obliquely from multiple angles, reducing the dead angles affected by the wind and preventing fine smoke ash from falling downward as much as possible.

[0014] As a further improvement, the reflecting part is a cone arranged in the dust storage bin.

[0015] In summary, the present invention has the advantages of reasonable structure and obvious effect, can greatly reduce the coking phenomenon of biomass fuel, and can improve the utilization efficiency of thermal energy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0017] In the figure: 1. furnace; 11. flame outlet; 12. material inlet; 13. ash storage bin; 14. grate; 2. material conveying part; 3. air duct; 4. partition part; 41. material blast port; 5. insulation jacket; 51. insulation air duct; 6. reflection part. DETAILED DESCRIPTION Example 1

[0018] The biomass burner of the present invention is entirely located on a base made of steel. The main body of the biomass burner is a furnace 1, and a heat preservation jacket 5 is arranged outside the furnace 1. The gap between the furnace 1 and the heat preservation jacket 5 forms a heat preservation air duct 51.

[0019] The biomass burner further includes a material conveying part 2 for conveying biomass fuel to the furnace 1 , and an air duct 3 for providing oxygen to the furnace 1 , and the heat-insulating air duct 51 is connected to the air duct 3 .

[0020] A flame outlet 11 and a material inlet 12 are provided on the side of the furnace 1. The flame outlet 11 and the material inlet 12 are located on opposite sides of the inner wall of the furnace 1, respectively. The flame outlet 11 is located higher than the material inlet 12. An ash storage bin 13 is provided below the furnace 1. A grate 14 is provided between the furnace 1 and the ash storage bin 13. The ash storage bin 13 is connected to the air duct 3 to provide oxygen to the furnace 1 from bottom to top.

[0021] A partition 4 is provided between the material inlet 12 and the material conveying part 2. The partition 4 may be a separate pipe section or an extension of the material conveying part 2. The width of the partition 4 is at least 10 cm, preferably 20 to 40 cm. A material blast port 41 is provided in the partition 4, and the biomass fuel is blown into the furnace 1 by the wind force blown out by the material blast port 41. The material blast port 41 is connected to the air duct 3, and the wind force is uniformly provided by the air duct 3. The material blast port 41 may also be provided by other separate wind generating devices.

[0022] The ash storage bin 13 is provided with a reflector 6, which is a cone provided in the ash storage bin 13. The wind entering the ash storage bin 13 enters the furnace 1 after being reflected by the reflector 6. The ash storage bin 13 is also provided with an ash cleaning window.

Claims

1. A biomass burner, comprising a furnace (1), a material conveying section (2) for conveying biomass fuel to the furnace (1), and an air duct (3) for supplying oxygen to the furnace (1), wherein an extrusion and pushing mechanism is arranged inside the material conveying section (2), a flame outlet (11) and a material inlet (12) are arranged on the side of the furnace (1), a partition (4) is arranged between the material inlet (12) and the material conveying section (2), a material blast port (41) is arranged in the partition (4), the biomass fuel is blown into the furnace (1) by wind force blown out of the material blast port (41), an ash storage bin (13) is arranged below the furnace (1), a grate (14) is arranged between the furnace (1) and the ash storage bin (13), the ash storage bin (13) is connected to the air duct (3) to supply oxygen to the furnace (1) from bottom to top, and the characteristics are as follows: The material conveying portion (2) and the partition portion (4) are both arranged horizontally, the material inlet (12) is close to the grate (14) and lower than the flame outlet (11), the ash storage bin (13) is provided with a reflecting portion (6) that allows wind to be directed upward obliquely from multiple angles, and the wind entering the ash storage bin (13) enters the furnace (1) after being reflected by the reflecting portion (6); the width of the partition portion (4) is at least 10 centimeters.

2. The biomass burner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material air blast port (41) is in communication with the air duct (3).

3. The biomass burner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flame outlet (11) and the material inlet (12) are respectively located on opposite sides of the inner wall of the furnace (1).

4. The biomass burner according to claim 1, characterized in that: A heat-insulating jacket (5) is provided outside the furnace (1); a gap between the furnace (1) and the heat-insulating jacket (5) forms a heat-insulating air duct (51); and the heat-insulating air duct (51) is connected to the air duct (3).

5. The biomass burner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reflecting portion (6) is a cone arranged in the dust storage bin (13).

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