Battery positive and negative connection detection circuit and electronic device with charging function

Abstract

The present invention provides a positive and reverse connection detection circuit of a battery and an electronic device with a charging function, wherein a first transistor is used to sample the voltage between a positive access terminal and a negative access terminal. Since the conduction voltage between the emitter and the base of the transistor is relatively small, the conduction and cutoff function of the transistor can still accurately identify the polarity of the battery connected between the positive access terminal and the negative access terminal when the sampled voltage is less than 1 volt, that is, identify whether it is positively connected or reversely connected. Furthermore, the signal transmission and linkage between the detection feedback module, the processing module, and the access control module can be used to trigger the access control module to conduct the power supply path only when the connection is positive, and not conduct the power supply path when the connection is reversed, thereby effectively avoiding the danger and safety hazard caused by the high identification voltage and improving the safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an electronic device with a charging function, and in particular to a battery positive and negative connection detection circuit and an electronic device with a charging function. Background Art

[0002] Electronic devices with charging functions can be understood as any electronic device that can charge the battery itself or a device equipped with a battery, such as a battery charger and an emergency power supply. After connecting the battery, sampling is required to detect whether the battery is reversely connected. If charging is performed when the battery is reversely connected, it will cause circuit abnormality.

[0003] In the prior art, polarity reverse connection sampling is usually performed through an optical coupler, a reverse diode and a current limiting resistor, and the sampling identification voltage is relatively high. For example, it usually needs to be above 2 volts to identify whether it is reverse connection.

[0004] Then, when the sampled identification voltage is small, for example, less than 2 volts, since it is impossible to accurately determine whether it is reverse connected, it is usually judged as not reverse connected and charging is implemented. At this time, it will cause internal damage to the device and battery short circuit. It can be seen that the higher the identification voltage, the higher the danger and safety hazard. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides a battery positive and negative connection detection circuit and an electronic device with a charging function, so as to solve the problem of danger and potential safety hazard caused by a high sampled identification voltage.

[0006] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a positive and reverse connection detection circuit of a battery is provided, comprising a positive access terminal, a negative access terminal, a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a first transistor, a detection feedback module, a processing module and an access control module;

[0007] The positive access terminal and the negative access terminal can be positively or reversely connected to a battery, a first end of the first capacitor is connected to the positive access terminal and the emitter of the first transistor, a second end of the first capacitor is connected to the negative access terminal and the base of the first transistor, and a first resistor is further provided between the base and the emitter of the first transistor;

[0008] The detection feedback module is connected to the collector of the first transistor and the processing module to provide a feedback signal to the processing module, wherein the feedback signal includes a first feedback signal when the first transistor is turned on and a second feedback signal when the first transistor is turned off;

[0009] The processing module is connected to the detection feedback module and the access control module respectively, so as to send a first control signal to the access control module in response to the first feedback signal, and send a second control signal to the access control module in response to the second feedback signal;

[0010] The access control module is connected to the positive access terminal and the internal positive power supply terminal respectively, so as to disconnect the power supply path between the positive access terminal and the positive power supply terminal in response to the first control signal, and to conduct the power supply path between the positive access terminal and the positive power supply terminal in response to the second control signal;

[0011] The first end of the second capacitor is connected to the positive power supply end.

[0012] Optionally, the detection feedback module includes a second triode, a first voltage-dividing resistor and a second voltage-dividing resistor, the collector of the second triode is connected to a first voltage source, the emitter of the second triode is connected to one end of the first voltage-dividing resistor, the other end of the first voltage-dividing resistor is connected to one end of the second voltage-dividing resistor, and the other end of the second voltage-dividing resistor is grounded; a second resistor is also provided between the collector and the base of the second triode;

[0013] The base of the second transistor is connected to the collector of the first transistor so as to be turned off when the first transistor is turned on, and turned on when the first transistor is turned off;

[0014] The processing module is connected to a first node between the first voltage-dividing resistor and the second voltage-dividing resistor to collect a voltage signal of the first node or an inverted voltage signal thereof as the feedback signal.

[0015] Optionally, a first diode and a third resistor are further provided between the base of the second transistor and the collector of the first transistor, the anode of the first diode is connected to the base of the second transistor, and the cathode of the first diode is connected to the collector of the first transistor.

[0016] Optionally, the detection feedback module includes an optical coupler and a fourth resistor;

[0017] Two ends of the first side of the optical coupler are respectively connected to a second voltage source and an emitter of the first triode, so that the first triode is turned on to emit light when the first triode is turned on, and stops emitting light when the first triode is cut off;

[0018] The first end of the second side of the optical coupler is connected to the third voltage source, and the second end is grounded via the fourth resistor;

[0019] The processing module is connected to a second node between the second end of the second side of the optical coupler and the fourth resistor to collect a voltage signal of the second node as the feedback signal.

[0020] Optionally, a second diode and a fifth resistor are further provided between the second end of the first capacitor and the base of the first transistor, the anode of the second diode is connected to the second end of the first capacitor, and the cathode of the second diode is connected to the base of the first transistor.

[0021] Optionally, the access control module includes a trigger unit and an on-off control unit, and two ends of the on-off control unit are respectively connected to the positive access terminal and the positive power supply terminal;

[0022] The trigger unit is connected to the on-off control unit to trigger the on-off control unit to disconnect the power supply path in response to the first control signal, and to trigger the on-off control unit to connect the power supply path in response to the second control signal.

[0023] Optionally, the trigger unit includes a third triode;

[0024] The base of the third triode is connected to the processing module, so as to be turned off in response to the first control signal, and turned on in response to the second control signal;

[0025] The collector of the third transistor is directly or indirectly connected to the on-off control unit to trigger the on-off control unit to disconnect the power supply path when the third transistor is turned off, and to trigger the on-off control unit to turn on the power supply path when the third transistor is turned on.

[0026] Optionally, the on-off control unit includes a relay;

[0027] The two coil pins of the relay are respectively connected to the fourth voltage source and the collector of the third transistor, the positive access end is connected to the first contact pin of the relay, the positive power supply end is connected to the second contact pin of the relay, and the first contact pin and the second contact pin are normally open.

[0028] Optionally, the on-off control unit includes a P-type field effect transistor, the gate of the P-type field effect transistor is connected to the collector of the third transistor, the drain of the P-type field effect transistor is connected to the positive access terminal, the source of the P-type field effect transistor is connected to the positive power supply terminal, and a sixth resistor is provided between the source and the gate of the P-type field effect transistor.

[0029] According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electronic device with a charging function, comprising the battery positive and reverse connection detection circuit involved in the first aspect and its optional solutions.

[0030] The battery positive and reverse connection detection circuit and the electronic device with charging function provided by the present invention utilize a first transistor to sample the voltage between the positive access terminal and the negative access terminal. Since the on-voltage between the emitter and the base of the transistor is relatively small, for example, the on-voltage of a silicon transistor is about 0.7 volts or about 0.5 volts, and the on-voltage of a germanium transistor is about 0.3 volts, the on-voltage of the transistor can be used to accurately identify the polarity of the battery connected between the positive access terminal and the negative access terminal when the sampled voltage is less than 1 volt, that is, to identify whether it is positively connected or reversely connected. Furthermore, the signal transmission and linkage between the detection feedback module, the processing module, and the access control module can be used to trigger the access control module to conduct the power supply path only when the connection is positive, and not conduct the power supply path when the connection is reversed, thereby effectively avoiding the danger and safety hazard caused by the high identification voltage, and improving the safety. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0032] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a positive and negative connection detection circuit of a battery in one embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0033] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a positive and negative connection detection circuit of a battery in one embodiment of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0034] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of a positive and negative connection detection circuit of a battery in one embodiment of the present invention Figure 3 ;

[0035] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of a positive and negative connection detection circuit of a battery in one embodiment of the present invention Figure 4 ;

[0036] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of a positive and negative connection detection circuit of a battery in one embodiment of the present invention Figure 5 ;

[0037] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of a positive and negative connection detection circuit of a battery in one embodiment of the present invention Figure 6 ;

[0038] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of a positive and negative connection detection circuit of a battery in one embodiment of the present invention Figure 7 ;

[0039] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of a positive and negative connection detection circuit of a battery in one embodiment of the present invention Figure 8 ;

[0040] Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of a positive and negative connection detection circuit of a battery in one embodiment of the present invention Figure 9 .

[0041] Description of reference numerals:

[0042] 1: Detection feedback module;

[0043] 2: Processing module;

[0044] 3: Access control module;

[0045] 31: trigger unit;

[0046] 32: On / off control unit;

[0047] C1: first capacitor;

[0048] C2: second capacitor;

[0049] Q1: the first transistor;

[0050] Q2: the second transistor;

[0051] Q3: The third transistor;

[0052] B+: positive access terminal;

[0053] B-: negative access terminal;

[0054] D1: first diode;

[0055] D2: second diode;

[0056] Vin+: positive power supply terminal;

[0057] Vin-: negative power supply terminal;

[0058] R1: first resistor;

[0059] R2: second resistor;

[0060] R3: the third resistor;

[0061] R4: the fourth resistor;

[0062] R5: the fifth resistor;

[0063] R6: the sixth resistor;

[0064] R7: seventh resistor;

[0065] R8: the eighth resistor;

[0066] R d1 : The first voltage dividing resistor;

[0067] R d2 : The second voltage dividing resistor;

[0068] OC: Optical Coupler;

[0069] K1: relay;

[0070] PMOS: P-type field effect transistor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0071] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0072] The terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth", etc. (if any) in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0073] The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail with specific embodiments below. The following specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described in detail in some embodiments.

[0074] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a positive and negative connection detection circuit of a battery in one embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 .

[0075] Please refer to Figure 1 The positive and reverse connection detection circuit of the battery includes a positive access terminal B+, a negative access terminal B-, a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2, a first transistor Q1, a detection feedback module 1, a processing module 2 and an access control module 3.

[0076] The positive access terminal B+ and the negative access terminal B- can be positively or reversely connected to the battery. When the battery is positively connected to the positive access terminal B+ and the negative access terminal B-, the power supply of the positive power supply terminal Vin+ can be used to charge the battery. Conversely, when the battery is reversely connected to the positive access terminal B+ and the negative access terminal B-, charging may not be implemented. In addition to not implementing charging, in other optional implementations, an alarm may also be issued through alarm components such as LEDs and buzzers.

[0077] The first end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the positive access terminal B+ and the emitter of the first transistor Q1, the second end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the negative access terminal B- and the base of the first transistor Q1, and a first resistor R1 is further provided between the base and the emitter of the first transistor Q1.

[0078] The first transistor Q1 can be any transistor, for example, a silicon transistor or a germanium transistor, and a matching transistor can be selected according to different test requirements. Furthermore, in the above connection mode, the base and emitter of the first transistor Q1 are connected in parallel to the two ends of the first capacitor C1, which can sample the voltage between the positive access terminal B+ and the negative access terminal B-.

[0079] When the battery is reversed, please refer to Figure 1 The voltage across the first capacitor C1 is negative at the top and positive at the bottom, that is, the first end is negative and the second end is positive. The positive voltage can directly or indirectly act on the base of the first transistor Q1. As long as the voltage between the base and the emitter of the first transistor Q1 is greater than the turn-on voltage of, for example, 0.5V, the collector and the emitter will be turned on, thereby turning on the first transistor Q1.

[0080] On the contrary, when the battery is connected in the right direction, please refer to Figure 1 The voltage across the first capacitor C1 is positive at the top and negative at the bottom, that is, the first end is positive and the second end is negative. The voltage of the base of the first transistor Q1 is less than the voltage of the emitter, so that the first transistor Q1 can be cut off.

[0081] It can be seen that the present embodiment utilizes the first transistor to sample the voltage between the positive access terminal and the negative access terminal. Since the on-state voltage between the emitter and the base of the transistor is relatively small, for example, the on-state voltage of the silicon transistor is about 0.7 volts or about 0.5 volts, and the on-state voltage of the germanium transistor is about 0.3 volts, the cut-off function of the transistor can still accurately identify the polarity of the battery connected between the positive access terminal and the negative access terminal when the sampled voltage is less than 1 volt, that is, identify whether it is positively connected or reversely connected.

[0082] Please refer to Figure 1 The detection feedback module 1 connects the collector of the first transistor Q1 and the processing module 1 to provide a feedback signal to the processing module.

[0083] The feedback signal includes a first feedback signal when the first transistor is turned on and a second feedback signal when the first transistor is turned off; since the voltage of the collector of the first transistor when it is turned on is usually different from the voltage of the collector when it is turned off, the feedback of the feedback signal can accurately instruct the processing module 2 to control the access control module 3 so that it implements the corresponding on-off control when it is positively connected and when it is reversely connected. The feedback signal can also include the case where the voltage is 0.

[0084] The processing module 2 is connected to the detection feedback module 1 and the access control module 3 respectively, so as to send a first control signal to the access control module 3 in response to the first feedback signal, and send a second control signal to the access control module 3 in response to the second feedback signal.

[0085] The first control signal and the second control signal may be a first level signal and a second level signal respectively. In one example, the first level signal may be a low level signal and the second level signal may be a high level signal. In another example, the first level signal may be a high level signal and the second level signal may be a low level signal. As long as the two are different signals, it does not matter.

[0086] The access control module 3 is respectively connected to the positive access terminal B+ and the internal power supply positive terminal Vin+, so as to disconnect the power supply path between the positive access terminal B+ and the power supply positive terminal Vin+ in response to the first control signal, and to connect the power supply path between the positive access terminal B+ and the power supply positive terminal Vin+ in response to the second control signal.

[0087] The first end of the second capacitor C2 is connected to the positive power supply terminal Vin+ to ensure the stability of the power supply voltage. Meanwhile, the negative power supply terminal Vin- can be grounded, and correspondingly, the negative access terminal B- can also be grounded.

[0088] It can be seen that the present embodiment can utilize the signal transmission and linkage between the detection feedback module, the processing module, and the access control module to trigger the access control module to turn on the power supply path only when the connection is positive, and not to turn on the power supply path when the connection is reverse, thereby effectively avoiding the danger and safety hazards caused by the high identification voltage and improving safety.

[0089] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a positive and negative connection detection circuit of a battery in one embodiment of the present invention Figure 2 .

[0090] Please refer to Figure 2 The detection feedback module 1 includes a second transistor Q2, a first voltage dividing resistor R d1 The second voltage divider resistor R d2The collector of the second transistor Q2 is connected to the first voltage source V1, and the emitter of the second transistor Q2 is connected to the first voltage dividing resistor R d1 One end of the first voltage dividing resistor R d1 The other end of the second voltage divider resistor R d2 One end of the second voltage dividing resistor R d2 A second resistor R2 is also provided between the collector and the base of the second transistor Q2.

[0091] The base of the second transistor Q2 is connected to the collector of the first transistor Q1 so as to be turned off when the first transistor Q1 is turned on, and turned on when the first transistor Q1 is turned off.

[0092] The processing module 2 is connected to the first voltage dividing resistor R d1 The second voltage divider resistor R d2 A first node between the two nodes is used to collect a voltage signal of the first node or an inverse voltage signal thereof as the feedback signal.

[0093] When the battery is reversed, please refer to Figure 2 , the first transistor Q1 is turned on, at this time, the potential of the base of the second transistor Q2 is pulled down, and when the potential difference between the base and the emitter of the second transistor Q2 is pulled down to, for example, below the turn-on voltage of 0.5 volts, the second transistor Q2 is turned off and does not conduct, that is, its collector and emitter are turned off, making it non-conductive, and the first voltage-dividing resistor R d1 The second voltage divider resistor R d2 There is no voltage division to the processing module 2, and then the processing module can collect the 0 volt voltage signal, that is, the first feedback signal can be a 0 volt voltage signal.

[0094] On the contrary, when the battery is connected in the positive direction, please refer to Figure 2 , the first transistor Q1 is turned off. At this time, the potential of the base of the second transistor Q2 is pulled up by the first voltage source V1 through the second resistor R2, so that the potential difference between the base and the emitter is greater than the conduction voltage of, for example, 0.5 volts. At this time, the second transistor can be turned on, and the first voltage-dividing resistor R d1 The second voltage divider resistor R d2 The voltage of the first voltage source V1 can be divided to the processing module 2, and then the processing module can collect the voltage signal after the voltage division, that is, the second feedback signal can be the voltage signal after the voltage division.

[0095] In addition, an inverter may be provided between the processing module 2 and the first node, and the inverted voltage signal obtained may be used as a feedback signal. As long as the two states of the first transistor Q1, i.e., the on and off states, can be distinguished, so that the processing module 2 receives two different feedback signals, it does not deviate from the description of this embodiment.

[0096] In one implementation, please refer to Figure 2 , a first diode D1 and a third resistor R3 are also provided between the base of the second transistor Q2 and the collector of the first transistor Q1, which can be connected in series, the positive electrode of the first diode D1 is connected to the base of the second transistor Q2, and the negative electrode of the first diode D1 is connected to the collector of the first transistor Q1. Then, the conduction of the first transistor Q1 will pull down the potential of the second transistor Q2 through the series connection of the first diode D1 and the third resistor R3. Through the first earphone tube D1 and the third resistor R3, the required voltage drop and anti-reverse functions can be provided.

[0097] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of a positive and negative connection detection circuit of a battery in one embodiment of the present invention Figure 3 .

[0098] Please refer to Figure 3 , the detection feedback module 1 includes an optical coupler OC and a fourth resistor R4.

[0099] Two ends of the first side of the optical coupler OC are respectively connected to the second voltage source V2 and the emitter of the first transistor Q1, so that the first transistor Q1 is turned on to emit light when it is turned on, and stops emitting light when it is turned off.

[0100] A first end of the second side of the optical coupler OC is connected to the third voltage source V3 , and a second end thereof is grounded via the fourth resistor R4 .

[0101] The processing module 2 is connected to a second node between the second end of the second side of the optical coupler OC and the fourth resistor R4 to collect a voltage of the second node as the feedback signal.

[0102] When the battery is reversed, please refer to Figure 3 , the first transistor Q1 is turned on. At this time, the first side of the optical coupler OC can emit light, so that the second side coupling thereof is turned on, thereby making the third voltage source V3 and the fourth resistor R4 conductive. The voltage of the second node between the two can be regarded as a voltage signal with a higher voltage value, that is, the voltage value of the first feedback signal at this time is the voltage value of one end of the fourth resistor R4 connected to the optical coupler OC, which is greater than 0.

[0103] On the contrary, when the battery is connected in the positive direction, please refer to Figure 3, the first transistor Q1 is turned off, at this time, the first side of the optical coupler OC does not emit light, so that the two ends of its second side are not conducting, so that the third voltage source V3 and the fourth resistor R4 are partially conducting, and the voltage of the second node between the two can be regarded as 0 volts. At this time, the voltage value of the second feedback signal is lower than the voltage value of the first feedback signal. It can be seen that the above implementation method can also achieve the distinction between different feedback signals.

[0104] Therefore, comprehensive Figure 2 and Figure 3 It can be seen that no matter which detection feedback method is used, as long as the differentiated feedback of the on and off state of the first transistor Q1 is achieved, and no matter whether the feedback method used is existing or improved, it does not deviate from the description of this embodiment.

[0105] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of a positive and negative connection detection circuit of a battery in one embodiment of the present invention Figure 4 .

[0106] Please refer to Figure 4 A second diode D2 and a fifth resistor R5 are also provided between the second end of the first capacitor C1 and the base of the first transistor Q1, and the two are connected in series, the anode of the second diode D2 is connected to the second end of the first capacitor C1, and the cathode of the second diode D2 is connected to the base of the first transistor Q1. The second earphone tube D2 and the fifth resistor R5 can provide the required voltage drop and anti-reverse functions.

[0107] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of a positive and negative connection detection circuit of a battery in one embodiment of the present invention Figure 5 .

[0108] Please refer to Figure 5 The access control module 3 includes a trigger unit 31 and an on-off control unit 32, and two ends of the on-off control unit 32 are respectively connected to the positive access terminal B+ and the positive power supply terminal Vin+.

[0109] The trigger unit 31 is connected to the on-off control unit 32 to trigger the on-off control unit 32 to disconnect the power supply path in response to the first control signal, and to trigger the on-off control unit 32 to connect the power supply path in response to the second control signal.

[0110] When the battery is reversed, please refer to Figure 5 The processing module 2 can collect the first feedback signal. In response to the first feedback signal, the processing module 2 can send a corresponding first control signal. The trigger unit 31 can disconnect the power supply path in response to the first control signal, so that the positive power supply terminal Vin+ cannot supply power to the positive access terminal B+, thereby failing to implement charging.

[0111] On the contrary, when the battery is connected in the positive direction, please refer to Figure 5 The processing module 2 can collect the second feedback signal. In response to the second feedback signal, the processing module 2 can send a corresponding second control signal. The trigger unit 31 can respond to the second control signal and turn on the power supply path, so that the positive power supply terminal Vin+ can supply power to the positive access terminal B+, thereby implementing charging.

[0112] The trigger unit 31 may be understood as any device or a collection of devices that can cause the on / off control unit 32 to change under the control of a control signal.

[0113] The on-off control unit 32 can be understood as any device or a collection of devices that can be triggered and controlled to achieve on-off switching.

[0114] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of a positive and negative connection detection circuit of a battery in one embodiment of the present invention Figure 6 ; Figure 7 Schematic diagram of a positive and negative connection detection circuit of a battery in one embodiment of the present invention Figure 7 .

[0115] Please refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 , the trigger unit 31 may include a third transistor Q3.

[0116] The base of the third transistor Q3 is connected to the processing module 2 so as to be turned off in response to the first control signal and turned on in response to the second control signal.

[0117] The collector of the third transistor Q3 is directly or indirectly connected to the on-off control unit 32 to trigger the on-off control unit 32 to disconnect the power supply path when the third transistor Q3 is turned off, and to trigger the on-off control unit 32 to turn on the power supply path when the third transistor Q3 is turned on.

[0118] Since the voltage of the collector of the transistor in the on state is usually different from that in the off state when the transistor is powered and forms a path, the embodiment can use this as a basis to timely and accurately trigger the on-off control unit 32 to change state.

[0119] Furthermore, the collector of the third transistor Q3 may be connected to a voltage source, for example Figure 6 In the embodiment shown, the fourth voltage source V5 can be connected via the relay K1, for example, Figure 7 In the illustrated embodiment, it can also be connected to the positive power supply terminal Vin+ via a resistor; meanwhile, the emitter of the third transistor Q3 can be connected to the ground via a resistor or directly.

[0120] For specific implementation, please refer to Figure 6 The on-off control unit 32 is a relay K1 connected to the collector of the third transistor Q3, the fourth voltage source V5, the positive access terminal B+ and the positive power supply terminal Vin+ respectively.

[0121] Specifically, the two coil pins of the relay K1 are respectively connected to the fourth voltage source V5 and the collector of the third transistor Q3, the positive access terminal B+ is connected to the first contact pin of the relay K1, and the positive power supply terminal Vin+ is connected to the second contact pin of the relay K1. The first contact pin and the second contact pin are normally open. When the two coil pins are energized to generate a magnetic field, the first contact pin and the second contact pin can be attracted. When no power is supplied, the first contact pin and the second contact pin are disconnected.

[0122] When the battery is reversely connected, the processor can control the third transistor Q3 to be turned off. At this time, the relay K1 can disconnect its input and output terminals, thereby disconnecting the power supply path between the positive access terminal B+ and the positive power supply terminal Vin+.

[0123] When the battery is positively connected, the processor can control the third transistor Q3 to be turned on, and at this time the relay K1 can connect its input and output ends, so that the power supply path between the positive access terminal B+ and the power supply positive terminal Vin+ is turned on to implement charging.

[0124] For specific implementation, please refer to Figure 7 The on-off control unit includes a P-type field effect transistor PMOS, a gate of the P-type field effect transistor PMOS is connected to the collector of the third transistor Q3, a drain of the P-type field effect transistor PMOS is connected to the positive access terminal B+, a source of the P-type field effect transistor is connected to the positive power supply terminal Vin+, and a sixth resistor R6 is provided between the source and the gate of the P-type field effect transistor PMOS.

[0125] When the battery is reversely connected, the processor can control the third transistor Q3 to be cut off. At this time, the gate of the P-type field effect transistor PMOS is at a high level, the P-type field effect transistor PMOS does not meet the conduction condition, and its source and drain are not conductive, thereby disconnecting the power supply path between the positive access terminal B+ and the power supply positive terminal Vin+.

[0126] When the battery is positively connected, the processor can control the third transistor Q3 to turn on. At this time, the gate of the P-type field effect transistor PMOS is pulled down to a low level, and the P-type field effect transistor PMOS meets the conduction condition, and its source and drain are connected, so that the power supply path between the positive access terminal B+ and the power supply positive terminal Vin+ is turned on.

[0127] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of a positive and negative connection detection circuit of a battery in one embodiment of the present invention Figure 8 . Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of a positive and negative connection detection circuit of a battery in one embodiment of the present invention Figure 9 .

[0128] Figure 8 It can be understood as a combination Figure 2 The embodiment shown is Figure 6 The related description of the scheme further obtained from the illustrated implementation method can be understood by referring to the above text.

[0129] Fig. 9 It can be understood as a combination Figure 3 The embodiment shown is Figure 7 The related description of the scheme further obtained from the illustrated implementation method can be understood by referring to the above text.

[0130] Please refer to Figure 8 , wherein the voltage of the first voltage source may be +5 volts, and the voltage of the fourth voltage source V4 may be +12 volts. Pins 1 and 2 of the relay are the coil pins mentioned above, pins 3 and 4 are the second contact pins mentioned above, and pin 5 is the first contact pin mentioned above, wherein the third triode Q3 may be connected to the processing module 2 via the seventh resistor R7.

[0131] Please refer to Fig. 9 The voltage of the second voltage source V2 is +12 V, and the voltage of the third voltage source V3 is +5 V. An eighth resistor R8 is also provided between the second voltage source V2 and the first end of the first side of the optical coupler OC.

[0132] Please refer to Figure 8 and Fig. 9 The processing module 2 may include a microprocessor MCU. The MCU may also be used to perform other functions, not limited to the reception of feedback signals and the transmission of control signals involved in this embodiment.

[0133] In addition, if the processing module 2 is only used to implement the functions of this embodiment, that is, to receive feedback signals and send control signals, since both the feedback signal and the control signal can be represented by high-level signals and low-level signals, the control signal and the feedback signal are matched and changed in real time. Therefore, the processing module 2 may not use a complex microprocessor MCU, but may use computing devices such as an inverter, or two inverters connected in series.

[0134] This embodiment further provides an electronic device with a charging function, including the battery positive and negative connection detection circuit involved in the above optional solution.

[0135] The electronic device may be, for example, a battery charger, an emergency power supply, or may be, for example, a computer, a mobile phone, a vehicle-mounted device, etc. that can charge other devices.

[0136] In summary, the battery positive and reverse connection detection circuit and the electronic device with charging function provided by the present invention utilize the first transistor to sample the voltage between the positive access terminal and the negative access terminal. Since the on-state voltage between the emitter and the base of the transistor is relatively small, for example, the on-state voltage of the silicon transistor is about 0.7 volts or about 0.5 volts, and the on-state voltage of the germanium transistor is about 0.3 volts, the on-state function of the transistor can be utilized to accurately identify the polarity of the battery connected between the positive access terminal and the negative access terminal when the sampled voltage is less than 1 volt, that is, to identify whether it is positively connected or reversely connected. Furthermore, the signal transmission and linkage between the detection feedback module, the processing module, and the access control module can be utilized to trigger the access control module to conduct the power supply path only when the connection is positive, and not conduct the power supply path when the connection is reversed, thereby effectively avoiding the danger and potential safety hazards caused by the high identification voltage, and improving safety.

[0137] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery positive and negative connection detection circuit, characterized in that: It includes a positive access terminal, a negative access terminal, a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a first transistor, a detection feedback module, a processing module and an access control module; The positive access terminal and the negative access terminal can be positively or reversely connected to a battery, a first end of the first capacitor is connected to the positive access terminal and the emitter of the first transistor, a second end of the first capacitor is connected to the negative access terminal and the base of the first transistor, and a first resistor is further provided between the base and the emitter of the first transistor; The detection feedback module is connected to the collector of the first transistor and the processing module to provide a feedback signal to the processing module, wherein the feedback signal includes a first feedback signal when the first transistor is turned on and a second feedback signal when the first transistor is turned off; The processing module is connected to the detection feedback module and the access control module respectively, so as to send a first control signal to the access control module in response to the first feedback signal, and send a second control signal to the access control module in response to the second feedback signal; The access control module is connected to the positive access terminal and the internal positive power supply terminal respectively, so as to disconnect the power supply path between the positive access terminal and the positive power supply terminal in response to the first control signal, and to conduct the power supply path between the positive access terminal and the positive power supply terminal in response to the second control signal; The first end of the second capacitor is connected to the positive power supply end; The detection feedback module includes a second triode, a first voltage-dividing resistor and a second voltage-dividing resistor, the collector of the second triode is connected to a first voltage source, the emitter of the second triode is connected to one end of the first voltage-dividing resistor, the other end of the first voltage-dividing resistor is connected to one end of the second voltage-dividing resistor, and the other end of the second voltage-dividing resistor is grounded; a second resistor is also provided between the collector and the base of the second triode; The base of the second transistor is connected to the collector of the first transistor so as to be turned off when the first transistor is turned on, and turned on when the first transistor is turned off; The processing module is connected to a first node between the first voltage-dividing resistor and the second voltage-dividing resistor to collect a voltage signal of the first node or an inverted voltage signal thereof as the feedback signal; the voltage between the positive access terminal and the negative access terminal is sampled by the first transistor. Since the conduction voltage between the emitter and the base of the transistor is small, when the sampled voltage is less than 1 volt, the polarity of the battery connected between the positive access terminal and the negative access terminal can still be accurately identified, that is, whether it is positively connected or reversely connected.

2. The battery forward and reverse connection detection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first diode and a third resistor are further provided between the base of the second transistor and the collector of the first transistor, the anode of the first diode is connected to the base of the second transistor, and the cathode of the first diode is connected to the collector of the first transistor.

3. The battery forward and reverse connection detection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second diode and a fifth resistor are further provided between the second end of the first capacitor and the base of the first transistor, the anode of the second diode is connected to the second end of the first capacitor, and the cathode of the second diode is connected to the base of the first transistor.

4. The battery forward and reverse connection detection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The access control module includes a trigger unit and an on-off control unit, and two ends of the on-off control unit are respectively connected to the positive access terminal and the positive power supply terminal; The trigger unit is connected to the on-off control unit to trigger the on-off control unit to disconnect the power supply path in response to the first control signal, and to trigger the on-off control unit to connect the power supply path in response to the second control signal.

5. The battery forward and reverse connection detection circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that: The trigger unit includes a third triode; The base of the third triode is connected to the processing module, so as to be turned off in response to the first control signal, and turned on in response to the second control signal; The collector of the third transistor is directly or indirectly connected to the on-off control unit to trigger the on-off control unit to disconnect the power supply path when the third transistor is turned off, and to trigger the on-off control unit to turn on the power supply path when the third transistor is turned on.

6. The battery forward and reverse connection detection circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that: The on-off control unit includes a relay; The two coil pins of the relay are respectively connected to the fourth voltage source and the collector of the third transistor, the positive access end is connected to the first contact pin of the relay, the positive power supply end is connected to the second contact pin of the relay, and the first contact pin and the second contact pin are normally open.

7. The battery forward and reverse connection detection circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that: The on-off control unit includes a P-type field effect transistor, the gate of the P-type field effect transistor is connected to the collector of the third transistor, the drain of the P-type field effect transistor is connected to the positive access terminal, the source of the P-type field effect transistor is connected to the positive power supply terminal, and a sixth resistor is provided between the source and the gate of the P-type field effect transistor.

8. An electronic device with a charging function, characterized in that: A positive and reverse connection detection circuit for a battery comprising any one of claims 1 to 7.

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