A reversible high-rigidity air turbine driven rotary shafting device

Abstract

The present invention discloses a reversible high-rigidity air turbine driven rotary shaft system device, which uses an air turbine to drive the rotating shaft to rotate. The rotating shaft is positioned and installed in an air bearing by an upper thrust plate and a lower thrust plate. The air bearing is respectively matched with the rotating shaft, the upper thrust plate and the lower thrust plate in a clearance. The air turbine is integrally formed on the circumferential wall of the lower thrust plate, and includes a left-handed air turbine and a right-handed air turbine. High-pressure gas drives the left-handed air turbine and the right-handed air turbine to rotate respectively, thereby driving the rotating shaft and the upper thrust plate to rotate clockwise or counterclockwise. Through the above manner, the present invention adopts full gas lubrication and gas drive, avoids the use of motors, and can make the structure more compact while reducing costs. The turbine and the lower thrust plate are integrated, which effectively reduces the volume and motion mass of the entire motion shaft system; at the same time, the gas itself can cool the shaft system to further achieve the control of temperature rise, and effectively improve the motion accuracy of the shaft system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of precision numerically controlled machine tools, in particular to a reversible high-rigidity air turbine driven rotary shaft system device. Background Art

[0002] Rotary shaft system devices are widely used in precision CNC machine tools, and their performance directly determines the machining accuracy of CNC machine tools. The rotary bearings used in existing machine tool rotary shaft system devices are generally mechanical bearings or ceramic bearings, which are contact bearings. They will inevitably produce friction with the rotary shaft base, and will generate heat and wear under high-speed rotation. In addition, since the existing rotary shaft system devices are mostly driven by motors, in addition to being expensive, it is difficult to ensure the coaxiality of the motor shaft and the rotary shaft, which in turn affects the dynamic performance of the rotary shaft and reduces the rotation accuracy. In addition, the high-speed rotation of the motor shaft will generate a lot of heat, which will cause thermal deformation of the shaft system. Summary of the invention

[0003] The main technical problem solved by the present invention is to provide a reversible high-rigidity air turbine driven rotating shaft system device, which adopts full gas lubrication and gas drive, effectively avoids the wear and heat generation caused by mechanical friction and motor drive, can effectively improve the rotation accuracy of the device, and has high structural rigidity and large bearing capacity.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, a technical solution adopted by the present invention is: to provide a reversible high-rigidity air turbine driven rotating shaft system device, which adopts an air turbine to drive the rotating shaft to rotate, and the rotating shaft is positioned and installed in an air bearing by an upper thrust plate and a lower thrust plate, and the air bearing is respectively clearance-matched with the rotating shaft, the upper thrust plate, and the lower thrust plate, and the air turbine is integrally formed on the circumferential wall of the lower thrust plate, and includes a left-rotating air turbine and a right-rotating air turbine, and high-pressure gas drives the left-rotating air turbine and the right-rotating air turbine to rotate respectively, thereby driving the rotating shaft and the upper thrust plate to rotate clockwise or counterclockwise.

[0005] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an air inlet 1, an air inlet 2 and an air outlet 1 are provided on the circumferential wall of the air bearing. The air inlet 1 and the air inlet 2 are used to receive high-pressure gas, so that the high-pressure gas enters the interior of the air bearing and forms an air film at the gap between the air bearing and the rotating shaft, the upper thrust plate and the lower thrust plate. The air outlet 1 is used to discharge the high-pressure gas inside the air bearing.

[0006] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of throttling grooves distributed along the axial direction of the air bearing are provided on the clearance fitting surface between the air bearing and the rotating shaft.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the throttling grooves are evenly distributed along the circumference on the wall of the middle mounting hole of the air bearing.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the diameters of the air inlet 1 and the air inlet 2 are 0.1-1 mm, the depth of the throttling groove is 0.01-0.1 mm, and the width of the throttling groove is 0.05-1 mm.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the longitudinal section of the lower thrust plate is in an inverted "convex" shape, including a large circular cone at the upper end and a small boss at the lower end, and the small boss is embedded in the base.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an air inlet three is provided on the circumferential wall of the large cone, and an air inlet four and an air outlet two are provided on the base. The air inlet three and the air inlet four are used to receive high-pressure gas so that the high-pressure gas enters the air turbine to drive the air turbine to rotate, and the air outlet two is used to discharge the high-pressure gas inside the air turbine.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the left-handed air turbine is integrally formed on the circumferential wall of the large cone, the right-handed air turbine is integrally formed on the circumferential wall of the small boss, the air inlet three is connected to the left-handed air turbine, and the air inlet four is connected to the right-handed air turbine.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the right-handed air turbine is integrally formed on the circumferential wall of the large cone, the left-handed air turbine is integrally formed on the small circumferential wall of the small boss, the air inlet three is connected to the right-handed air turbine, and the air inlet four is connected to the left-handed air turbine.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, there are a plurality of the second air outlets, which are evenly distributed on the circumferential surface of the base, and the second air outlets are connected to both the left-handed air turbine and the right-handed air turbine.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention adopts full gas lubrication and gas drive, avoiding the use of electric motors, reducing costs while making the structure more compact; the turbine and the lower thrust plate are integrated, effectively reducing the volume and moving mass of the entire moving shaft system; in addition, the gas itself can cool the shaft system and further achieve control of temperature rise, which can effectively improve the movement accuracy of the shaft system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of a reversible high-rigidity air turbine driven rotary shafting device of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 It is a front view of a preferred embodiment of the reversible high-rigidity air turbine driven rotary shafting device of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3It is a top view of a preferred embodiment of the reversible high-rigidity air turbine driven rotary shafting device of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 The AA section view shown;

[0019] Figure 5 yes Figure 2 The BB section view shown;

[0020] Figure 6 yes Figure 1 An enlarged perspective view of a longitudinal section of the air bearing shown;

[0021] The components in the accompanying drawings are marked as follows: 1. air turbine, 11. left-rotating air turbine, 12. right-rotating air turbine, 2. rotating shaft, 3. upper thrust plate, 4. lower thrust plate, 41. large frustum, 411. air inlet three, 42. small frustum, 5. air bearing, 51. air inlet one, 52. air inlet two, 53. air outlet one, 6. base, 61. air inlet four, 62. air outlet two. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings so that the advantages and features of the present invention can be more easily understood by those skilled in the art, thereby making a clearer and more definite definition of the protection scope of the present invention.

[0023] refer to Figures 1 to 5 , the embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0024] A reversible high-rigidity air turbine driven rotating shaft system device adopts an air turbine 1 to drive a rotating shaft 2 to rotate. The rotating shaft 2 is positioned and installed in an air bearing 5 by an upper thrust plate 3 and a lower thrust plate 4. Specifically, the upper end surface of the rotating shaft 2 is fixedly connected to the upper thrust plate 3 by a locating pin, and the lower end surface of the rotating shaft 2 is fixedly connected to the lower thrust plate 4 by a locating pin. The air bearing 5 is embedded between the upper thrust plate 3 and the lower thrust plate 4, and the air bearing 5 is respectively clearance-matched with the rotating shaft 2, the upper thrust plate 3, and the lower thrust plate 4. The air turbine 1 is integrally formed on the circumferential wall of the lower thrust plate 3, and includes a left-handed air turbine 11 and a right-handed air turbine 12. The left-handed air turbine 11 and the right-handed air turbine 12 are respectively driven to rotate by high-pressure gas, thereby driving the rotating shaft 2 and the upper thrust plate 3 to rotate clockwise or counterclockwise.

[0025] Continue to refer Figure 4The circumferential wall of the air bearing 5 is provided with an air inlet 1 51, an air inlet 2 52 and an air outlet 1 53, which extend along the radial direction of the air bearing 5 to the inner wall of the air bearing 5. High-pressure gas enters from the air inlet 1 51 and the air inlet 2 52, and forms an air film at the clearance fit between the air bearing 5 and the rotating shaft 2, the upper thrust plate 3 and the lower thrust plate 4, so that non-contact motion is achieved between the rotating parts - the rotating shaft 2, the upper thrust plate 3 and the lower thrust plate 4 and the fixed parts - the air bearing 5, effectively reducing friction. When the rotary shaft system device stops working, the internal high-pressure gas is discharged from the air outlet 1 53.

[0026] Please refer to Figure 6 The clearance mating surface between the air bearing 5 and the rotating shaft 2 is provided with a plurality of throttling grooves 54 distributed along the axial direction of the air bearing 5. The throttling grooves 54 are evenly distributed along the circumference on the hole wall of the middle mounting hole of the air bearing 5. That is, the throttling mode of the air bearing 5 is composed of a throttling hole (air inlet 51, air inlet 52) ​​and a surface throttling groove (54).

[0027] Preferably, the apertures of the air inlet 1 51 and the air inlet 2 52 are between 0.1-1 mm, the groove depth of the throttling groove 54 is 0.01-0.1 mm, and the groove width is 0.05-1 mm.

[0028] The high-pressure gas realizes the first throttling and produces a pressure drop when passing through the air inlet 1 51 or the air inlet 2 52, and then the high-pressure gas diffuses along the throttling groove 54 and further produces a pressure drop to realize the second throttling. Since the air bearing 5 undergoes two pressure drops, it has a better ability to resist changes in external loads under the action of external loads, that is, it has higher rigidity. Compared with the traditional single-throttling air bearing, the rigidity and bearing capacity can be increased by more than 50%.

[0029] Continue to refer to Figure 4 The longitudinal section of the lower thrust plate 4 is in an inverted “convex” shape, including a large circular cone 41 at the upper end and a small boss 42 at the lower end, and the small boss 42 is embedded in the base 6.

[0030] An air inlet three 411 is provided on the circumferential wall of the large cone 41, and an air inlet four 61 and an air outlet two 62 are provided on the base. The air inlet three 411 and the air inlet four 61 are used to receive high-pressure gas, so that the high-pressure gas enters the air turbine 1 to drive the air turbine 1 to rotate, and the air outlet two 411 is used to discharge the high-pressure gas inside the air turbine 1.

[0031] In this embodiment, the left-handed air turbine 11 is integrally formed on the circumferential wall of the large truncated cone 41, and the right-handed air turbine 12 is integrally formed on the circumferential wall of the small boss 42. The air inlet three 411 is connected to the left-handed air turbine 12, and the air inlet four 61 is connected to the right-handed air turbine 12. When it is necessary to control the rotating shaft system device to rotate clockwise, high-pressure gas is connected from the air inlet three 411 and input into the left-handed air turbine 11 to drive the left-handed air turbine 11 to rotate clockwise, thereby driving the rotating shaft 2 to rotate clockwise. Conversely, when it is necessary to control the rotating shaft system device to rotate counterclockwise, high-pressure gas is connected from the air inlet four 61 to drive the right-handed air turbine 12 to rotate.

[0032] There are a plurality of second air outlets 62 evenly distributed on the circumferential surface of the base 6 , and the second air outlets 62 are connected to the left-hand air turbine 11 and the right-hand air turbine 12 . When the rotary shaft system stops working, the high-pressure gas inside the air turbine 1 is discharged from the second air outlet 62 .

[0033] In another embodiment of the present invention, the right-handed air turbine 12 can be integrally formed on the circumferential wall of the large cone 41, and the left-handed air turbine 11 can be integrally formed on the small circumferential wall of the small boss 42, so that the air inlet three 411 is connected to the right-handed air turbine 12, and the air inlet four 61 is connected to the left-handed air turbine 11.

[0034] In the present invention, since the longitudinal section of the lower thrust plate 4 is an inverted "convex" shape, the air turbine integrally formed on the circumferential wall of the large cone 41 at the upper end of the lower thrust plate 4 and the air turbine integrally formed on the circumferential wall of the small cone 42 at the lower end of the lower thrust plate 4 have different axial diameters. Under the same air supply pressure, two different rotational speeds can be obtained, which is more flexible and practical than a single driving mode in which only one rotational speed can be obtained under a fixed pressure.

[0035] In summary, the present invention adopts full gas lubrication and gas drive, avoiding the use of motors, reducing costs while making the structure more compact. The turbine and thrust plate are integrated, effectively reducing the volume and motion mass of the entire motion shaft system; at the same time, the air bearing adopts an air inlet-throttling groove composite throttling method, which can increase the stiffness and load-bearing capacity by more than 50% compared with conventional air bearings; in addition, the gas itself can cool the shaft system, further realizing the control of temperature rise, and can effectively improve the motion accuracy of the shaft system.

[0036] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or are directions or positional relationships in which the invented product is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A reversible high-rigidity air turbine driven rotary shaft system device, which uses an air turbine to drive a rotating shaft to rotate, and the rotating shaft is positioned and installed in an air bearing by an upper thrust plate and a lower thrust plate, and the air bearing is respectively in clearance with the rotating shaft, the upper thrust plate, and the lower thrust plate, characterized in that: The air turbine is integrally formed on the circumferential wall of the lower thrust plate, and includes a left-handed air turbine and a right-handed air turbine. The high-pressure gas drives the left-handed air turbine and the right-handed air turbine to rotate respectively, thereby driving the rotating shaft and the upper thrust plate to rotate clockwise or counterclockwise. The shaft diameters of the left-handed air turbine and the right-handed air turbine are different. The longitudinal section of the lower thrust plate is in an inverted "convex" shape, including a large cone at the upper end and a small boss at the lower end, the small boss is embedded in the base, an air inlet three is provided on the circumferential wall of the large cone, an air inlet four and an air outlet two are provided on the base, the air inlet three and the air inlet four are used to receive high-pressure gas, so that the high-pressure gas enters the air turbine to drive the air turbine to rotate, and the air outlet two is used to discharge the high-pressure gas inside the air turbine; When it is necessary to control the rotating shaft system device to rotate clockwise, the high-pressure gas is connected from the air inlet three and input into the left-rotating air turbine to drive the left-rotating air turbine to rotate clockwise, thereby driving the rotating shaft to rotate clockwise; when it is necessary to control the rotating shaft system device to rotate counterclockwise, the high-pressure gas is connected from the air inlet four and input into the right-rotating air turbine to drive the right-rotating air turbine to rotate counterclockwise, thereby driving the rotating shaft to rotate counterclockwise.

2. The reversible high-rigidity air turbine driven rotary shafting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An air inlet 1, an air inlet 2 and an air outlet 1 are provided on the circumferential wall of the air bearing. The air inlet 1 and the air inlet 2 are used to receive high-pressure gas, so that the high-pressure gas enters the air bearing and forms an air film at the gap between the air bearing and the rotating shaft, the upper thrust plate and the lower thrust plate. The air outlet 1 is used to discharge the high-pressure gas inside the air bearing.

3. The reversible high-rigidity air turbine driven rotary shafting device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of throttling grooves distributed along the axial direction of the air bearing are arranged on the clearance matching surface between the air bearing and the rotating shaft.

4. The reversible high-rigidity air turbine driven rotary shafting device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The throttling grooves are evenly distributed along the circumference on the hole wall of the middle mounting hole of the air bearing.

5. The reversible high-rigidity air turbine driven rotary shafting device according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: The diameters of the air inlet 1 and the air inlet 2 are 0.1-1 mm, the depth of the throttling groove is 0.01-0.1 mm, and the width of the groove is 0.05-1 mm.

6. The reversible high-rigidity air turbine driven rotary shafting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left-handed air turbine is integrally formed on the circumferential wall of the large cone, and the right-handed air turbine is integrally formed on the circumferential wall of the small boss. The air inlet three is connected to the left-handed air turbine, and the air inlet four is connected to the right-handed air turbine.

7. The reversible high-rigidity air turbine driven rotary shafting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The right-handed air turbine is integrally formed on the circumferential wall of the large cone, and the left-handed air turbine is integrally formed on the small circumferential wall of the small boss. The air inlet three is connected to the right-handed air turbine, and the air inlet four is connected to the left-handed air turbine.

8. The reversible high-rigidity air turbine driven rotary shafting device according to any one of claims 1, 6 and 7, characterized in that: There are a plurality of second air outlets, which are evenly distributed on the circumferential surface of the base, and the second air outlets are connected to both the left-hand air turbine and the right-hand air turbine.

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