A plunger pump

Abstract

The present invention provides a plunger pump, belonging to the technical field of pump equipment. It solves the technical problems of low efficiency of existing plunger pumps at large suction strokes. The plunger pump includes a pump body, which has a pump water inlet chamber; a suction turbine is fixedly connected to one end of the pump body, and the suction turbine is located at the pump water inlet of the pump water inlet chamber. The suction turbine includes a shell, a vortex chamber located in the shell, and a turbine impeller located in the vortex chamber; the vortex chamber is respectively provided with a total water inlet, a return water inlet, and a water outlet connected to the pump water inlet of the pump water inlet chamber, the return water inlet is connected to the return water outlet on the pump body through a return water pipe, and the return water entering the return water inlet can drive the turbine impeller to rotate. In the technical solution, by setting the suction turbine, the turbine impeller generates radial high-speed rotation under the action of the return water, thereby generating vacuum suction at the pump water inlet of the vortex pump water inlet chamber, changing natural water suction into dynamic water suction, so as to improve the pump volumetric efficiency and total efficiency of the plunger pump.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of pump devices and relates to a plunger pump. Background Art

[0002] The plunger pump is a type of water pump. It relies on the reciprocating motion of the plunger in the cylinder to change the volume of the sealed working chamber to achieve liquid suction and liquid pressure. The plunger pump has the advantages of high rated pressure, compact structure, high efficiency and convenient flow adjustment. Therefore, it is often used in hydraulic systems. It has also been widely used in the agricultural plant protection and cleaning machine industries; but due to its short stroke and poor self-priming performance, the application of large-flow pumps is limited. For example, when used in a sprayer, the spray gun spray hole, that is, the spray volume, is limited. For example, the spray hole diameter is 6.00mm, the spray volume is 37L / min, and the spray volume with 2 spray guns is only 74L / min. The pump flow of a conventional plunger pump is mostly 120~150L / min, and the excess water is mostly used for return water mixing. In theory, close to 40%~50% of the flow and power waste. Compared with piston pumps: the volumetric efficiency of piston pumps can reach 93% to 96%, while that of plunger pumps is only 78% to 80%; how to utilize the power of return water in piston pumps has been the direction that various research institutions and enterprises in the industry have been working towards for many years.

[0003] Studies have shown that when the water inlet pressure is increased by +0.3bar (0.03MPa) at negative pressure, such as near the water inlet pressure at -3 meters, the pump efficiency / total efficiency will increase by more than 5%; for the current plunger pumps produced by general enterprises, the water suction height (i.e. suction distance) cannot reach 3 meters; or can suck water at -3 meters but the water output is small, the efficiency is low, and the pulsation is large. If a submersible pump is added to the positive pressure water supply test at 0.3bar, the water output effect will increase significantly and the pulsation will be small. That is to say, when the water inlet pressure of 100LPM~200LPM plunger pumps used in plant protection machinery is negative, especially when the water suction distance is more than -2 meters, the pump efficiency decreases significantly. Therefore, many professional cleaning equipment and water injection pumps, high mountain fire water supply pumps and other equipment will add an impeller submersible pump to achieve positive pressure water supply to ensure higher system reliability and efficiency.

[0004] At present, this kind of large flow plunger pump is used in applications such as high mountain fire fighting, drip irrigation, oil field water injection, and seawater desalination. Due to its poor self-priming performance, many users also add a front-stage servo pump such as a submersible pump to the plunger pump above 100LPM to supply water to improve efficiency.

[0005] A Chinese patent (announcement number: CN203809310U; announcement date: 2014-09-03) discloses an energy recovery booster pump, which includes a motor, the motor includes a motor body and a motor output shaft, a centrifugal pump is arranged at the first end of the motor body, the centrifugal pump includes a centrifugal pump body and a centrifugal pump impeller, the centrifugal pump body is fixedly connected to the motor body, and the centrifugal pump impeller is rotatably mounted on the motor output shaft; and a turbine pump is arranged at the second end of the motor body, the turbine pump includes a turbine pump body and a turbine pump impeller, the turbine pump body is fixedly connected to the motor body, and the turbine pump impeller is rotatably mounted on the motor output shaft.

[0006] The energy recovery booster pump in the above patent document has a complex structure, uses an electric motor as a connection and carrier of the turbine pump, requires additional electric energy consumption, has high manufacturing and use costs, and is relatively large in overall size. Summary of the invention

[0007] The present invention aims at the above problems existing in the prior art and provides a plunger pump. The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: how to improve the efficiency of the plunger pump and ensure its compact structure.

[0008] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0009] A plunger pump comprises a pump body, which has a pump inlet chamber; it is characterized in that a suction turbine is fixedly connected to one end of the pump body, the suction turbine is located at the pump inlet of the pump inlet chamber, the suction turbine comprises a shell, a vortex chamber located in the shell and a turbine impeller located in the vortex chamber; the vortex chamber is respectively provided with a total water inlet, a return water port and a water outlet connected to the pump inlet of the pump inlet chamber, the return water port is connected to the return water outlet on the pump body through a return water pipe, and the return water entering the return water port can drive the turbine impeller to rotate.

[0010] Its working principle is as follows: The high-efficiency plunger pump in this technical solution can be used in large-flow industrial water injection plunger pumps, seawater desalination plunger pumps and other large-flow industrial positive displacement pumps. It can also be used in the field of plant protection machinery in the agricultural machinery industry, such as sprayers. When in use, the total water inlet, return water outlet and water outlet are used to connect the total water inlet, pump return water and pump water inlet chamber respectively. Under the action of return water, the turbine impeller generates radial high-speed rotation, thereby generating and increasing vacuum suction at the pump water inlet of the vortex pump water inlet chamber, changing natural water absorption to dynamic water absorption, so as to improve the pump volumetric efficiency and overall efficiency of the plunger pump.

[0011] In the above plunger pump, the suction turbine is a radial axial flow micro-turbine, and the radial dimension of the turbine impeller is 10-40 mm. Thus, the suction turbine and turbine impeller in the technical solution can adapt to most plunger pumps with different water inlet diameters on the market, and have a wide range of applications.

[0012] In the above-mentioned plunger pump, the shell is flat, the two sides of the shell are flat, the outer circumference of the shell is an arc surface, the water outlet is located on the outer circumference of the shell and extends along the tangent direction of the outer circumference of the shell, the turbine impeller is a radial axial flow structure, and the total water inlet and return water outlet are respectively located on both sides of the shell.

[0013] In the above plunger pump, the blades on the turbine impeller are curved in the direction of rotation of the turbine impeller. The rotating shaft of the turbine impeller is connected to the inner wall of the housing on the side of the return water port through a bearing. A guide is provided on the rotating shaft between the return water port and the turbine impeller. A guide channel is provided in the guide. The guide channel is connected to the return water port. A number of guide nozzles facing the blades are provided on the side wall of the guide channel. When in use, the total water inlet faces downward and contacts the water surface or liquid surface. The guide is changed to the water absorption surface, which is full and smooth. The above blades can adapt to the requirements of high-speed rotation and reduce the risk of cavitation. Through multiple guide nozzles, high-pressure return water is injected from the axial direction and ejected radially along the tangent to drive the turbine impeller to rotate at high speed, thereby forming an upward suction vacuum in the vortex chamber to increase the self-priming ability of the pump.

[0014] In the above plunger pump, the inner walls of the flow guide channel and the flow guide nozzle are spiral linear, so that the maximum rotation speed can be obtained under the drive of the return water pressure, the impact force on the blades is increased, thereby increasing the turbine impeller speed and improving the self-priming ability of the pump.

[0015] Furthermore, in the above plunger pump, a water inlet impeller is provided in the pump water inlet chamber of the pump body, the rotating shaft of the turbine impeller is connected to the rotating shaft of the water inlet impeller through a flexible shaft and the turbine impeller can drive the water inlet impeller, and the flexible shaft passes through the water outlet on the vortex chamber and the pump water inlet of the pump water inlet chamber. The water inlet impeller is installed in the water suction head of the pump body, and the sealed flexible shaft is built into the water inlet pipe, which can speed up the water intake (water supply) process and improve the efficiency of the entire unit.

[0016] The turbine impeller drives the water inlet impeller through a flexible shaft. The flexible shaft can also be connected to the vortex chamber through a mechanical seal and connected to the pre-matched liquid medicine tank to form a dynamic liquid medicine suction assembly, forming a proportional mixer related to the water output.

[0017] Furthermore, in the above plunger pump, the return pipe connected to the return outlet on the pump body is connected to two return pipes through a return tee joint, and two return ports are provided on the vortex chamber corresponding to the two return pipes, one of the return ports is correspondingly provided with the liquid suction turbine, and the other return port is correspondingly provided with a drug suction turbine, and the housing and the drug suction turbine are correspondingly provided with drug suction ports. The liquid suction turbine and the drug suction turbine are used for auxiliary power water suction and auxiliary power drug suction, respectively.

[0018] As an alternative, the rotating shaft of the turbine impeller drives two impellers with different diameters through a flexible shaft and gears, which are used for auxiliary power water suction and auxiliary power medicine suction respectively. A dynamic proportion mixing system related to the water output can also be formed.

[0019] In the above plunger pump, the two branched return pipes are also provided with a solenoid valve or a time delay control switch, which controls the time difference between absorbing water and absorbing liquid medicine, so that the liquid medicine is mixed evenly.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the plunger pump in the present invention has the following advantages:

[0021] 1. In this technical solution, a liquid suction turbine is provided so that the turbine impeller generates radial high-speed rotation under the action of return water, thereby generating vacuum suction at the pump water inlet of the vortex pump water inlet chamber, changing natural water suction into dynamic water suction, so as to improve the pump volumetric efficiency and overall efficiency of the plunger pump.

[0022] 2. In this technical solution, by reasonably improving the structure of the liquid suction turbine, setting the guide channel and the guide nozzle, optimizing the blade shape, and increasing the speed of the return water driving turbine impeller to increase the water suction pressure, the total efficiency of the pump / the whole machine efficiency will be improved, thereby achieving the purpose of energy saving.

[0023] 3. In this technical solution, a medicine suction turbine is also provided. The liquid suction turbine and the medicine suction turbine are used for auxiliary power water suction and auxiliary power medicine suction respectively, which improves efficiency and is convenient to use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a front view structural schematic diagram of the plunger pump in the first embodiment.

[0025] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the top view of the structure of the plunger pump in the first embodiment.

[0026] Figure 3 It is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the plunger pump in the first embodiment.

[0027] Figure 4 It is a side structural schematic diagram of the plunger pump in the second embodiment.

[0028] Figure 5It is a schematic diagram of the top view of the structure of the plunger pump in the second embodiment.

[0029] Figure 6 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the plunger pump in the second embodiment.

[0030] Figure 7 It is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the plunger pump in the second embodiment.

[0031] In the figure, 1, pump body; 1a, pump water inlet chamber; 1b, pump water inlet; 2, suction turbine; 21, casing; 21a, vortex chamber; 22, turbine impeller; 23, main water inlet; 24, return water outlet; 25, water outlet; 3, return water pipe; 4, guide; 41, diversion channel; 42, diversion nozzle hole; 5, suction turbine; 51, medicine suction port; 6, solenoid valve; 7, return water three-way joint. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings to further describe the technical solution of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0033] Embodiment 1

[0034] The plunger pump in this embodiment can be used in large-flow industrial water injection plunger pumps, seawater desalination plunger pumps and other large-flow industrial positive displacement pumps, and can also be used in the field of plant protection machinery in the agricultural machinery industry, such as sprayers. Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the plunger pump in this embodiment includes a pump body 1, which has a pump water inlet chamber 1a; a suction turbine 2 is fixedly connected to one end of the pump body 1, and the suction turbine 2 is located at the pump water inlet 1b of the pump water inlet chamber 1a. The suction turbine 2 includes a shell 21, a vortex chamber 21a located in the shell 21, and a turbine impeller 22 located in the vortex chamber 21a; the vortex chamber 21a is respectively provided with a total water inlet 23, a return water port 24 and a water outlet 25 connected to the pump water inlet 1b of the pump water inlet chamber 1a, the return water port 24 is connected to the return water outlet on the pump body 1 through a return water pipe 3, and the return water entering the return water port 24 can drive the turbine impeller 22 to rotate. Specifically, the shell 21 is flat, the two sides of the shell 21 are planes, the outer circumference of the shell 21 is an arc surface, the water outlet 25 is located on the outer circumference of the shell 21 and extends along the tangent direction of the outer circumference of the shell 21, the turbine impeller 22 is a radial axial flow structure, the total water inlet 23 and the return water outlet 24 are respectively located on both sides of the shell 21; the blades on the turbine impeller 22 are arc-shaped and bent in the rotation direction of the turbine impeller 22, the rotating shaft of the turbine impeller 22 is connected to the inner wall of the shell 21 on the side of the return water outlet 24 through a bearing, and a guide 4 is provided on the rotating shaft between the return water outlet 24 and the turbine impeller 22, and a guide channel 41 is provided in the guide 4, and the guide channel 41 is connected to the return water outlet 24, and a plurality of guide spray holes 42 facing the blades are opened on the side wall of the guide channel 41. When in use, the total water inlet 23 faces downward and contacts the water surface or liquid surface. The guide 4 is changed to the water absorption surface, which is full and smooth. The above-mentioned blades can adapt to the requirements of high-speed rotation and reduce the risk of cavitation. Furthermore, the inner wall of the guide channel 41 and the guide nozzle 42 is spiral linear. In this way, the maximum rotation speed can be obtained under the drive of the return water pressure, and the impact force on the blades is increased, thereby increasing the speed of the turbine impeller 22 and improving the self-priming ability of the pump. When in use, the total water inlet 23, the return water port 24 and the water outlet 25 are respectively used to connect the total water inlet, the pump return water and the pump water inlet chamber 1a. Under the action of the return water, the turbine impeller 22 produces radial high-speed rotation, thereby generating and increasing vacuum suction at the pump water inlet 1b of the vortex pump water inlet chamber 1a, changing natural water absorption to dynamic water absorption, so as to improve the pump volumetric efficiency and total efficiency of the plunger pump.

[0035] In this embodiment, the liquid suction turbine 2 is a radial axial flow micro-turbine, and the radial dimension of the turbine impeller 22 is 10-40 mm, which can adapt to most plunger pumps with different water inlet diameters on the market and has a wide range of applications.

[0036] Furthermore, in the present embodiment, a water inlet impeller is provided in the pump water inlet chamber 1a of the pump body 1, the rotating shaft of the turbine impeller 22 is connected to the rotating shaft of the water inlet impeller through a flexible shaft and the turbine impeller 22 can drive the water inlet impeller, the flexible shaft passes through the water outlet 25 on the vortex chamber 21a and the pump water inlet 1b of the pump water inlet chamber 1a; the water inlet impeller is installed in the water suction head of the pump body 1, and the sealed flexible shaft is built into the water inlet pipe, which can speed up the water intake process and improve the efficiency of the entire unit.

[0037] The turbine impeller 22 drives the water inlet impeller through a flexible shaft, and the flexible shaft can also be connected to the vortex chamber 21a through a mechanical seal and connected to a pre-matched liquid medicine tank to form a dynamic liquid medicine suction assembly, forming a proportional mixer related to the water output.

[0038] Embodiment 2

[0039] like Figures 3 to 7 As shown, in this embodiment, a double turbine impeller 22 is designed, and the size and dimensions can be selected from 10mm to 40mm according to actual needs; the return pipe 3 connected to the return outlet on the pump body 1 is connected to two return pipes 3 through the return tee joint 7, and two return ports 24 are opened on the vortex chamber 21a corresponding to the two return pipes 3, one of the return ports 24 is correspondingly provided with a liquid suction turbine 2, and the other return port 24 is correspondingly provided with a drug suction turbine 5, the liquid suction turbine 2 and the drug suction turbine 5 share a shell 21, and the shell 21 and the drug suction turbine 5 are correspondingly provided with a drug suction port 51, and the liquid suction turbine 2 and the drug suction turbine 5 are respectively used for auxiliary power water suction and auxiliary power drug suction. Its principle is the same as that of the scheme in the above-mentioned embodiment 1, and different suction forces can be generated according to different rotation speeds. After debugging, a dynamic and stable proportion of mixed drug assembly is formed. Of course, the opening size of this mixed drug assembly and the return water is related. Furthermore, the two branched return pipes 3 are also provided with a solenoid valve 6 or a time delay control switch; the solenoid valve 6 or the time delay control switch controls the time difference between absorbing water and absorbing liquid medicine, so that the liquid medicine is mixed evenly.

[0040] The specific embodiments described herein are merely examples of the spirit of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or replace them in similar ways, but they will not deviate from the spirit of the present invention or exceed the scope defined by the appended claims.

[0041] Although the following terms are used more frequently in this article, such as 1, pump body; 1a, pump water inlet chamber; 1b, pump water inlet; 2, liquid suction turbine; 21, housing; 21a, vortex chamber; 22, turbine impeller; 23, total water inlet; 24, return water outlet; 25, water outlet; 3, return water pipe; 4, guide; 41, diversion channel; 42, diversion nozzle hole; 5, liquid suction turbine; 51, medicine suction port; 6, solenoid valve; 7, return water tee joint, the possibility of using other terms is not excluded. These terms are used only to more conveniently describe and explain the essence of the present invention; interpreting them as any additional restrictions is contrary to the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A plunger pump, comprising a pump body (1), wherein the pump body (1) has a pump water inlet chamber (1a); characterized in that: A suction turbine (2) is fixedly connected to one end of the pump body (1), and the suction turbine (2) is located at the pump water inlet (1b) of the pump water inlet chamber (1a). The suction turbine (2) comprises a shell (21), a vortex chamber (21a) located in the shell (21), and a turbine impeller (22) located in the vortex chamber (21a); ​​the vortex chamber (21a) is respectively provided with a total water inlet (23), a return water inlet (24), and a water outlet (25) connected to the pump water inlet (1b) of the pump water inlet chamber (1a); the return water inlet (24) is connected to the return water outlet on the pump body (1) through a return water pipe (3), and the return water entering the return water inlet (24) can drive the turbine impeller (22) to rotate; The turbine impeller (22) is a radial axial flow structure, and the main water inlet (23) and the water return port (24) are respectively located on both sides of the shell (21); The blades on the turbine impeller (22) are curved in an arc shape in the direction of rotation of the turbine impeller (22); the rotating shaft of the turbine impeller (22) is connected to the inner wall of the housing (21) on the side having the water return port (24) through a bearing; a guide (4) is provided on the rotating shaft between the water return port (24) and the turbine impeller (22); a guide channel (41) is provided in the guide channel (44); the guide channel (41) is connected to the water return port (24); and a plurality of guide spray holes (42) facing the blades are provided on the side wall of the guide channel (41); A water inlet impeller is arranged in the pump water inlet chamber (1a) of the pump body (1); the rotating shaft of the turbine impeller (22) is connected to the rotating shaft of the water inlet impeller via a flexible shaft and the turbine impeller (22) is capable of driving the water inlet impeller; the flexible shaft passes through the water outlet (25) on the vortex chamber (21a) and the pump water inlet (1b) of the pump water inlet chamber (1a).

2. The plunger pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid suction turbine (2) is a radial axial flow micro-turbine, and the radial dimension of the turbine impeller (22) is 10 to 40 mm.

3. The plunger pump according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The shell (21) is flat, two sides of the shell (21) are planes, the outer peripheral surface of the shell (21) is an arc surface, and the water outlet (25) is located on the outer peripheral surface of the shell (21) and extends along the tangent direction of the outer peripheral surface of the shell (21).

4. The plunger pump according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner walls of the flow guide channel (41) and the flow guide spray hole (42) are spiral linear.

5. The plunger pump according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The return pipe (3) connected to the return outlet on the pump body (1) is divided into two return pipes (3) through a return tee joint (7), and two return ports (24) are provided on the vortex chamber (21a) corresponding to the two return pipes (3), one of the return ports (24) is provided with the liquid suction turbine (2), and the other return port (24) is provided with the medicine suction turbine (5), and the housing (21) and the medicine suction turbine (5) are provided with medicine suction ports (51) correspondingly.

6. The plunger pump according to claim 5, characterized in that The two branched return water pipes (3) are also provided with electromagnetic valves (6) or time-delay control switches.

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