Floor Drain
By optimizing the flow area and structural design of the floor drain, the difficulty of opening and drainage of the floor drain under the influence of positive pressure in the drain pipe is solved, and more stable opening and rapid drainage is achieved, ensuring the balanced state of the bottom seal.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN201911256616.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2018-12-11
- Filing Date
- 2019-12-10
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-17
- Estimated Expiration
- 2039-12-10
AI Technical Summary
The existing floor drain cannot be opened when the positive pressure in the drain pipe is high, the drainage volume decreases, and the full pipe flow makes it difficult to open.
A floor drain including floor drain cavity, cup-shaped inner liner, inner liner support and reset mechanism was designed. By optimizing the circulation area and structural design, the buoyancy influence of the cup body is reduced, the downward force is increased, and stable opening and rapid drainage is achieved. , and allow water and gas to flow in both phases to balance the gas pressure subject to the bottom seal.
It improves the opening stability and drainage speed of the floor drain, reduces the impact on the pressure in the drainage pipe, ensures the balance of the bottom seal, and achieves a larger circulation area and faster drainage.
Smart Images
Figure CN110820908B_ABST
Abstract
Description
[Technical field]
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of water supply and drainage, and in particular to a floor drain. [Background technology]
[0002] The floor drain is a commonly used drainage device in buildings. It mainly serves to drain water and prevent the odor accumulated in the drainage pipe from overflowing. Currently, the known floor drains mainly include water-sealed and mechanically sealed types. The common mechanically sealed floor drain mainly includes a floor drain cavity, a reset mechanism, a floor drain bottom seal, and some other auxiliary parts. The internal space of the floor drain cavity is a water flow channel for floor drain drainage. The lower end surface of the floor drain cavity and the floor drain bottom seal constitute the floor drain opening and closing system. The reset mechanism is a power mechanism that restores the floor drain from an open state to a closed state. The driving force of the reset mechanism can come from a mechanical force, such as the rebound of a spring, or from an electromagnetic force, such as the attraction of a magnet. The reset mechanism drives the movement of the floor drain bottom seal to reset the floor drain from a drainage state to a sealed state.
[0003] Chinese patent CN201428167Y discloses an energy storage type floor drain, which includes a reset mechanism, a floor drain cavity, a floor drain bottom seal and a cup body located in the floor drain cavity and linked to the floor drain bottom seal, wherein a small hole is provided at the bottom of the cup body. When the accumulated water on the ground flows into the floor drain, the accumulated water first enters the cup body through the diversion of the guide plate, and when the water level in the cup body rises to a certain extent, the gravity of the water stored in the cup body compresses the spring and drives the floor drain bottom seal downward through the linkage shaft to open the floor drain. During the drainage process of the floor drain, even if the flow rate of the water flowing into the floor drain changes, the force of the compression spring remains stable due to the small change in the amount of water stored in the cup body, thereby ensuring the stable downward displacement of the floor drain bottom seal, so that the floor drain is in a stable open state. When there is no accumulated water flowing into the floor drain, the water stored in the cup body flows out through the small hole, and the gravity of the compression spring gradually decreases until the spring is reset and the floor drain is closed.
[0004] However, during the opening process of the floor drain of the above structure, the gravity of the water in the cup body is the main force of the compression spring, and there is often a fluctuating positive pressure in the wastewater pipe. The positive pressure acts on the bottom seal of the floor drain, generating an upward force, which reduces the force of the compression spring. In particular, when the positive pressure in the drainage pipe is high, the floor drain cannot be opened. On the other hand, when the floor drain is in a drainage state, the inner cavity of the floor drain is usually filled with water, so that the cup body is immersed in the water and is subjected to an upward buoyancy. The upward buoyancy is opposite to the downward gravity of the water in the cup body, so that the downward force on the cup body, that is, the force of the compression spring, is reduced, thereby reducing the gap between the lower end surface of the floor drain cavity and the bottom seal of the floor drain, resulting in a reduction in the flow area of the floor drain and a decrease in the drainage volume.
[0005] Moreover, the common internal drainage system of buildings is gravity flow, and the gravity flow drainage system uses gravitational potential energy as the drainage power. The drainage pipe is a water-gas two-phase flow, and when the water flows, the water and gas exchange positions. The inside of the known floor drain is full pipe flow, that is, the water flow channel is full of water. For example, when the water-sealed floor drain is drained, the ground wastewater flows into the water trap of the floor drain, causing the water column on the side close to the ground in the water trap to rise. Under this head pressure, the water flow overcomes the resistance of the water trap and enters the sewer pipe; when the common mechanical seal floor drain is drained, the gravity of the water in the floor drain cavity opens the floor drain bottom seal, and the internal space of the floor drain cavity is the water flow channel for the floor drain drainage. Since the size of the gap between the floor drain bottom seal and the lower end surface of the floor drain cavity changes with the amount of water in the floor drain cavity, the water flow channel for the floor drain drainage is full pipe flow, that is, the flow channel is full of water. When using a full-flow floor drain, the air in the drainage pipe cannot enter the floor drain because the water and air cannot exchange positions inside the floor drain. The upper and lower surfaces of the floor drain bottom seal are subjected to different pressures, and drainage obstructions are often caused by the positive pressure in the drainage pipe.
[0006] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new floor drain to solve the above problem. [Summary of the invention]
[0007] Aiming at the defects in the prior art that the floor drain cannot be opened when the positive pressure in the drainage pipe is high, the drainage volume decreases, and the floor drain is difficult to open due to the full pipe flow inside the floor drain, the present invention provides a floor drain with a new structure.
[0008] A floor drain comprises a floor drain cavity, a cup-shaped liner, a liner support and a reset mechanism, wherein the liner support connects the floor drain cavity and the reset mechanism and cooperates with the reset mechanism to support the cup-shaped liner in the floor drain cavity, the floor drain cavity is a drainage channel, the cup-shaped liner comprises a cup body and a cup bottom, the bottom of the cup body is provided with a hole, the cup bottom is used as a bottom seal of the floor drain, the cup bottom is linked with the reset mechanism, the reset mechanism drives the floor drain to return from an open state to a closed state, the cup bottom realizes the opening and closing of the floor drain by clutching with the lower end surface of the floor drain cavity, and the flow area at the outlet of the lower end surface of the floor drain cavity is larger than the flow area at the inlet of the annular channel formed by the inner surface of the floor drain cavity and the outer surface of the cup body.
[0009] Preferably, the flow area at the outlet of the lower end surface of the floor drain cavity is larger than the flow area at any point in the annular channel.
[0010] Preferably, the inlet of the annular channel is where the flow area of the annular channel is the smallest.
[0011] Preferably, when the cup body is full of water, the flow area between the lower end surface of the floor drain cavity and the upper surface of the cup bottom is larger than the flow area at the outlet of the lower end surface of the floor drain cavity.
[0012] Preferably, the annular channel is composed of two or more sections of annular channels, and along the water flow direction, the flow area of each section of the annular channel is constant or gradually expands.
[0013] Preferably, the annular channel is composed of two sections of annular channels with different flow areas. Along the water flow direction, the flow area of the annular channel close to the water flow inlet end gradually shrinks, and the flow area of the annular channel close to the water flow outlet end gradually expands.
[0014] Preferably, the inner liner support includes a support ring located above the inlet of the floor drain flow channel, a spring seat provided at the center of the support ring and located in the cup body, and a cantilever beam connecting the support ring and the spring seat.
[0015] Preferably, the reset mechanism includes a reset spring and a linkage shaft, the linkage shaft passes through the axial center of the cup-shaped inner liner and the upper end of the linkage shaft is movably connected to the spring seat to support and fix the cup-shaped inner liner in the floor drain cavity, the reset spring is sleeved on the upper end of the linkage shaft and located in the spring seat, and the cup bottom is fixed to the lower end of the linkage shaft.
[0016] Preferably, the linkage shaft includes an upper half shaft and a lower half shaft which are fastened together into a whole by a concave fastener and a convex fastener, and the reset mechanism also includes a limit sleeve and a limit spring which cooperate with the concave fastener. After the upper half shaft is fastened together with the lower half shaft, the limit sleeve enters the limit position under the action of the limit spring.
[0017] Preferably, the floor drain further comprises a floor drain base, the inner periphery of the floor drain base is provided with a protruding card, the outer periphery of the floor drain cavity is provided with a concave card slot, and the floor drain cavity is fixed to the floor drain base by snapping the concave card slot with the protruding card slot.
[0018] Compared with the related art, the floor drain provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
[0019] 1. The flow area at the outlet of the lower end surface of the floor drain cavity is larger than the flow area at the inlet of the annular channel formed by the inner surface of the floor drain cavity and the outer surface of the cup body, which can reduce the upward buoyancy of the cup body and increase the downward force on the cup-shaped inner liner, thereby improving the opening stability and flow of the floor drain;
[0020] Second, the flow area at the outlet of the lower end surface of the floor drain cavity is larger than the flow area at any point in the annular channel, which can further reduce the buoyancy of the cup body, make the gap between the lower end surface of the floor drain cavity and the bottom seal of the floor drain larger and more stable, drain faster, and enable the position exchange of water and gas, thereby accelerating the drainage speed of the floor drain, and also facilitate the gas in the drainage pipe to enter the flow channel inside the floor drain close to the bottom seal section of the floor drain, so that the gas pressure on the bottom seal is balanced, and the opening of the bottom seal is not affected by the pressure in the drainage pipe;
[0021] 3. By changing the internal flow channel structure of the floor drain, the point where the flow area of the entire flow channel in the floor drain is the smallest is the entrance of the flow channel, or is located at a certain point in the middle of the flow channel. After this point where the flow area is the smallest, along the water flow direction, the flow area of any section of the flow channel is not less than the flow area of the previous section of the flow channel connected to it, so that the flow channel cannot be filled with water, that is, the flow in the internal flow channel of the floor drain is a water-gas two-phase flow, and the gas in the drainage pipe can enter the flow channel inside the floor drain whose hydraulic state is a water-gas two-phase flow, so that the gas pressure on the upper and lower surfaces of the floor drain bottom seal is equal, so that when the floor drain is draining, the gap between the floor drain bottom seal and the lower end face of the floor drain cavity is not affected by the pressure in the drainage pipe, and the drainage of the floor drain is not affected by the water trap set in the drainage pipe.
Brief Description of the Drawings
[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work, among which:
[0023] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the floor drain provided by the present invention;
[0024] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the structure of the inner tank support in the floor drain shown;
[0025] Figure 3 for Figure 1 An exploded schematic diagram of the inner tank support and the floor drain cavity in the floor drain shown;
[0026] Figure 4 for Figure 1 The exploded schematic diagram of the linkage shaft in the floor drain is shown;
[0027] Figure 5 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a floor drain cavity and a floor drain base in the floor drain shown;
[0028] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the working principle of the floor drain provided by the present invention;
[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the drainage state of the floor drain provided by the present invention. [Specific implementation method]
[0030] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0031] See also Figure 1 , is a schematic diagram of the structure of the floor drain provided by the present invention. The present invention provides a floor drain, which includes a floor drain cavity 1, a cup-shaped inner liner 2, an inner liner support 3, a spring seat seal 4, a floor drain grate 5, a floor drain base 6 and a reset mechanism 8. The inner liner support 3 connects the floor drain cavity 1 and the reset mechanism 8 and cooperates with the reset mechanism 8 to support the cup-shaped inner liner 2 in the floor drain cavity 1. The cup-shaped inner liner 2 includes a cup body 2-1 and a cup bottom 2-4. The bottom of the cup body 2-1 is provided with a hole 2-2. The cup bottom 2-4 is used as the bottom seal of the floor drain. The cup bottom 2-4 is linked with the reset mechanism 8. The reset mechanism 8 drives the floor drain to return from an open state to a closed state. The cup bottom 2-4 realizes the opening and closing of the floor drain by clutching with the lower end surface of the floor drain cavity 1.
[0032] The inner space of the floor drain cavity 1 is a water flow channel for floor drain water, and is detachably connected to the floor drain base 6 .
[0033] Specifically, the cup-shaped liner 2 includes a cup body 2-1, a cup foot 2-3 and a cup bottom 2-4. A small hole 2-2 is opened at the bottom of the cup body 2-1. The cup bottom 2-4 is used as a floor drain bottom seal. The cup foot 2-3 is used to limit the distance between the cup bottom 2-4 and the cup body 2-1. It can be a separate part, or attached to the cup body 2-1 or the cup bottom 2-4, or even evolved into a part of other parts. When the floor drain is in a closed state, the upper surface of the cup bottom 2-4 is in close contact with the lower end surface of the floor drain cavity 1 to form a seal. When the floor drain is in an open state, the gap between the upper surface of the cup bottom 2-4 and the lower end surface of the floor drain cavity 1 forms a water outlet for the floor drain. Preferably, the bottom of the cup body 2-1 is inclined, and the hole 2-2 is set at the lowest point of the bottom of the cup body 2-1, so that the water in the cup body 2-1 can be completely drained.
[0034] The inner liner support 3 is a component connecting the floor drain cavity 1 and the reset mechanism 8, and is connected to the cup-shaped inner liner 2 through the reset mechanism 8. Figure 2 The inner liner support 3 includes a support ring 3-1 located above the inlet of the floor drain flow channel, a spring seat 3-2 located at the center of the support ring 3-1 and located in the cup body 2-1, and a cantilever beam 3-3 connecting the support ring 3-1 and the spring seat 3-2. Furthermore, the inner liner support 3 and the floor drain cavity 1 are connected by a plurality of cantilever beams distributed along the outer periphery, and are assembled into a detachable or non-detachable whole, which can make the assembly of the floor drain simple and easy. For details, please refer to Figure 3 , four cantilever hooks 3-5 are arranged along the outer periphery of the support ring 3-1 of the inner liner support 3, and four button holes 1-1 matching with the cantilever hooks 3-5 on the inner liner support 3 are arranged at corresponding positions on the floor drain cavity 1. During the pressing and assembling process, the cantilever hooks 3-5 are deformed and enter the button holes 1-1, and the cantilever hooks 3-5 rebound and self-lock in the button holes 1-1, so that the inner liner support 3 and the floor drain cavity 1 are combined into a whole.
[0035] The reset mechanism 8 is a power mechanism that restores the floor drain from an open state to a closed state. The driving force of the reset mechanism 8 can come from mechanical force, such as the rebound of a spring, or from electromagnetic force, such as the attraction of a magnet. In the present embodiment, the driving force of the reset mechanism 8 comes from the rebound of a spring. Specifically, the reset mechanism 8 includes a reset spring 8-1 and a linkage shaft (unnumbered). The linkage shaft is arranged to pass through the axis of the cup-shaped liner 2 and the upper end of the linkage shaft is movably connected to the spring seat 3-2 to support and fix the cup-shaped liner 2 in the floor drain cavity 1. The reset spring 8-1 is sleeved on the upper end of the linkage shaft and is located in the spring seat 3-2. The cup bottom 2-4 is fixed to the lower end of the linkage shaft. In order to facilitate installation, the linkage shaft is usually arranged in two sections. For details, please refer to Figure 4The linkage shaft includes an upper half shaft 8-2 and a lower half shaft 8-3 which are connected as a whole by the buckling of a concave fastener and a convex fastener. A limit block is arranged at the upper end of the upper half shaft 8-2, and a concave fastener structure is arranged at the lower end. The upper end of the lower half shaft 8-3 is a convex fastener structure, and a limit block is arranged at the lower end. The concave fastener of the upper half shaft 8-2 includes a snap-fitting portion 8-2-1, a countersunk portion 8-2-2, and a narrow groove 8-2-3, and the convex fastener of the lower half shaft 8-3 includes a clamping column 8-3-1 and a clamping cap 8-3-2. During the buckling assembly process, the convex fastener of the lower half shaft 8-3 is inserted into the concave fastener of the upper half shaft 8-2, and the concave fastener opens due to elastic deformation. After the convex fastener is pressed into the concave fastener, the convex fastener fits with the concave fastener, and the concave fastener is elastically reset and locked. The return spring 8-1 is sleeved on the upper end of the upper semi-shaft 8-2 and clamped between the stopper of the upper semi-shaft 8-2 and the bottom of the spring seat 3-2. The stopper of the upper semi-shaft 8-2 can realize the movable connection between the linkage shaft and the spring seat 3-2. The material of the concave fastener in the upper semi-shaft 8-2 is a plastic or other elastically deformable material, and the material of the convex fastener in the lower semi-shaft 8-3 has no requirements for elastic deformation, such as plastic, metal, etc. Preferably, the reset mechanism 8 also includes a limiting sleeve (not numbered, in the embodiment, the concave platform at the connection between the bottom of the cup body and the cup foot is used as the limiting sleeve) and a limiting spring 8-4 that cooperates with the concave fastener. The limiting spring 8-4 is sleeved on the lower half shaft 8-3 and clamped between the limiting block at the lower end of the lower half shaft 8-3 and the cup bottom 2-4. After the upper half shaft 8-2 is buckled and connected with the lower half shaft 8-3, the limiting sleeve enters the limiting position under the action of the limiting spring 8-4.
[0036] The spring seat seal 4 is buckled on the opening of the spring seat 3 - 3 to seal the spring seat 3 - 3 , thereby preventing the return spring 8 - 1 from coming into contact with water and rusting, thereby extending the service life of the floor drain.
[0037] The floor drain grate 5 is covered above the floor drain cavity 1 to prevent hair from entering the interior of the floor drain and to allow the hair to remain on the surface of the floor drain grate 5 for easy removal.
[0038] The floor drain base 6 is used to install and fix the floor drain cavity 1, and is usually detachably connected to the floor drain cavity 1. Figure 5, the floor drain base 6 has four protruding pieces 6-1 distributed along the inner periphery, and a slot 1-2 is provided on the floor drain inner cavity 1. When the floor drain inner cavity 1 is inserted into the floor drain base 6, the protruding pieces 6-1 on the floor drain base 6 and the slot 1-2 on the floor drain inner cavity 1 are in the same plane, and then the floor drain base 6 and the floor drain inner cavity 1 are relatively rotated by a certain angle to buckle. Preferably, a sealing rubber ring (not shown) is also placed between the floor drain cavity 1 and the floor drain base 6 to prevent odor leakage from the drainage pipe, and the elasticity of the sealing rubber ring also facilitates the disassembly and installation of the inner core.
[0039] It is particularly noteworthy that, in the floor drain provided by the present invention, the flow area at the outlet of the lower end surface of the floor drain cavity 1 is larger than the flow area at the inlet of the annular channel formed by the inner surface of the floor drain cavity 1 and the outer surface of the cup body 2-1, so as to reduce the upward buoyancy of the cup body 2-1 and increase the downward force on the cup-shaped inner liner 2, thereby improving the opening stability and flow rate of the floor drain.
[0040] See also Figure 6 , which is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the floor drain provided by the present invention. When the floor drain is in a closed state, the inner surface of the floor drain cavity 1, the outer surface of the cup body 2-1, and the upper surface of the cup bottom 2-4 together constitute a temporary water storage container. When the accumulated water on the ground flows into the closed floor drain, the accumulated water first enters this temporary water storage container, and as the accumulated water flows in, the water level in the container gradually rises, and the stored water in the container generates pressure at the cup bottom 2-4, and its value is approximately equal to the product of the static pressure of the stored water and the outlet area at the bottom end of the floor drain cavity 1. This downward force is applied to the reset mechanism 8. The downward force on the reset mechanism 8 increases with the increase of the water level in the temporary water storage container until the opening threshold of the reset mechanism 8 is reached, and the floor drain is opened. Note Figure 1The embodiment shown adopts a guide plate structure. The water on the ground first enters the cup body through the guide plate. As the water flows in, the water level in the cup body gradually rises until it is fully loaded and overflows. During this period, the downward force generated by the gravity of the water in the cup body is applied to the reset mechanism 8 until the opening threshold of the reset mechanism 8 is exceeded and the floor drain is opened. The guide plate structure is further described later. When the floor drain is in the open state, the water flows into the annular channel formed by the inner surface of the floor drain cavity 1 and the outer surface of the cup body 2-1, and is discharged from the gap between the lower end surface of the floor drain cavity 1 and the upper surface of the cup bottom 2-4. When draining water, the main forces acting on the cup-shaped liner 2 are the gravity of the water in the cup body 2-1, the pressure formed by the pressure difference between the upper and lower surfaces of the cup body 2-1, and the drainage impact force on the cup bottom 2-4. These forces work together to keep the floor drain in the open state. The pressure (P) on the cup body 2-1 is the product of the difference between the pressure on the upper surface of the cup body 2-1 (Pt) and the pressure on the lower surface of the cup body 2-1 (Pb) and the vertical projection area (A) of the cup body 2-1, that is: P = (Pt-Pb) × A. The greater the difference between the pressure on the upper surface and the pressure on the lower surface of the cup body 2-1, the greater the downward force on the cup body.
[0041] Please refer to Figure 6 , S_in is the flow cross section at the inlet of the annular channel formed by the inner surface of the floor drain cavity 1 and the outer surface of the cup body 2-1, and S_out is the flow cross section at the outlet of the lower end face of the floor drain cavity 1. In the floor drain provided by the present invention, the area of the S_in cross section is smaller than the area of the S_out cross section. When the cup body 2-1 is full of water, the flow area of the flow channel formed by the gap between the lower end face of the floor drain cavity 1 and the upper surface of the cup bottom 2-4, that is, the cylindrical surface area formed by the vertical line drawn from the inner periphery of the outlet of the lower end face of the floor drain cavity 1 to the upper surface of the cup bottom 2-4, is greater than the area of the S_out cross section. In the drainage flow channel from the inlet of the annular channel to the outlet of the floor drain, the flow area at the inlet of the annular channel is the smallest. Therefore, this drainage channel will not be filled with water. On the one hand, because the pressure difference between the upper surface and the lower surface of the cup body is significantly reduced, the upward buoyancy of the cup body 2-1 is effectively reduced, and the downward force on the cup-shaped inner liner 2 is increased, thereby improving the opening stability and flow rate of the floor drain. On the other hand, the gas in the drainage pipe can enter the flow channel inside the floor drain close to the bottom seal section of the floor drain, so that the gas pressure on the bottom seal is balanced, and the opening of the bottom seal is not affected by the pressure in the drainage pipe.
[0042] Furthermore, the flow area (S) at the outlet of the lower end surface of the floor drain cavity 1 is larger than the flow area at any point in the annular channel. This design can prevent the annular channel from being filled with water, that is, the interior of the floor drain is not full of pipe flow, the purpose is to make the hydraulic state of the flow channel inside the floor drain near the bottom seal section a water-gas two-phase flow when the floor drain is draining, which is a completely different hydraulic state from the known floor drain. When the known floor drain is draining, the flow channel inside the floor drain is full of pipe flow, that is, the flow channel inside the floor drain is filled with water. The fundamental change in the hydraulic state of the floor drain structure of the present invention achieves the following effects: first, since the specific gravity of the fluid of the water-gas two-phase flow in the floor drain flow channel is less than that of water, according to the law of buoyancy, the buoyancy of the cup body can be further reduced, thereby making the gap between the lower end surface of the floor drain cavity and the bottom seal of the floor drain larger and more stable, and draining water faster; second, the position of water and gas can be exchanged in the flow channel inside the floor drain, thereby accelerating the drainage speed of the floor drain; third, the gas in the drainage pipe can enter the flow channel inside the floor drain close to the bottom seal section of the floor drain, so that the gas pressure on the bottom seal is balanced, and the opening of the bottom seal is not affected by the pressure in the drainage pipe.
[0043] Furthermore, the inlet of the annular channel is where the flow area of the annular channel is the smallest. Such a design can also prevent the annular channel from being filled with water.
[0044] Furthermore, the annular channel is composed of two or more sections of annular channels, and the flow area of each section of the annular channel is constant or gradually expands along the water flow direction, or the annular channel is composed of two sections of annular channels with different flow areas, and the flow area of the annular channel near the water flow inlet end gradually shrinks along the water flow direction, and the flow area of the annular channel near the water flow outlet end gradually expands. This structural design aims to change the internal flow channel structure of the floor drain so that the flow area of the entire flow channel in the floor drain is the smallest at the flow channel entrance, or at a certain point in the middle of the flow channel. After this flow area is the smallest, along the water flow direction, the flow area of any section of the flow channel is not less than the flow area of the previous section of the flow channel connected to it. In this way, the flow channel cannot be filled with water flow, that is, the flow in the internal flow channel of the floor drain is a water-gas two-phase flow, and the gas in the drainage pipe can enter the flow channel inside the floor drain whose hydraulic state is a water-gas two-phase flow, so that the gas pressure on the upper and lower surfaces of the floor drain bottom seal are equal, so that when the floor drain is draining, the gap between the floor drain bottom seal and the lower end surface of the floor drain cavity is not affected by the pressure in the drainage pipe, and the drainage of the floor drain is not affected by the water trap set in the drainage pipe. The flowing water in the vertical flow channel section of the full pipe flow can prevent the gas in the drainage pipe from overflowing into the room. In this embodiment, a floor drain flow channel structure is specially constructed: the annular channel is composed of two sections, please refer to it again for details. Figure 1, along the direction from the cup body 2-1 to the cup bottom 2-4, the lower part of the cup body 2-1 and the lower part of the floor drain cavity 1 are both provided with a gradually contracting section, the annular channel formed by the inner surface of the floor drain cavity 1 and the outer surface of the cup body 2-1 is composed of a vertical section flow channel and a contraction section flow channel. The inlet of the floor drain flow channel is a vertical section flow channel, and its flow area is constant. When the floor drain is drained, this section of the flow channel is a full pipe flow, and the flow channel connecting the end of this section of the flow channel to the bottom seal of the floor drain is a contraction section flow channel. However, because the floor drain cavity contracts more slowly than the cup body, it is ensured that the flow area of this section of the flow channel is gradually expanded, and this section is a water-gas two-phase flow when the floor drain is drained. The flowing water in the vertical flow channel section of the full pipe flow can prevent the gas in the drainage pipe from overflowing into the room. The outlet of the floor drain flow channel is a contraction section flow channel, which can also effectively slow down the change of the flow channel, thereby reducing the flow resistance of the water flow, making it easier to discharge the sludge and debris mixed in the water flow.
[0045] In the vertical direction, the vertical projection area of the cup body 2-1 is larger than the vertical projection area of the cup bottom 2-4. With this structure, the downward force on the cup-shaped inner liner 2 when draining water through the floor drain can be effectively increased, thereby improving the opening stability and flow rate of the floor drain.
[0046] See also Figure 7 , is a schematic diagram of the drainage state of the floor drain of this embodiment. When the volume of the cup body 2-1 is large, in order to facilitate the smooth opening of the floor drain, a guide plate 3-4 can be arranged above the cup body 2-1. The guide plate 3-4 is an annular plate-shaped component arranged above the annular channel formed by the inner surface of the floor drain cavity 1 and the outer surface of the cup body 2-1. The component receives the water flow flowing into the floor drain, prevents these water flows from directly flowing into the annular channel, and guides these water flows into the cup body, which can ensure that the cup-shaped liner 2 is subjected to a greater downward force during the opening process of the floor drain to overcome the positive pressure that may exist in the drainage pipe. Due to the large diameter of the water inlet of the floor drain, although the guide plate 3-4 reduces the flow area of the water inlet of the floor drain, it has little effect on the flow of the floor drain. During the opening process of the floor drain, the water on the floor first flows into the cup body 2-1 through the guide plate 3-4. The maximum gravity (G) when the cup body 2-1 is fully loaded with water is roughly equal to the product of the vertical projection area (A) of the cup body and the height (h) of the cup body, and the upward force of the positive pressure in the drainage pipe on the cup-shaped inner liner 2 is equal to the product of the vertical projection area of the cup bottom 2-4 and the positive pressure in the drainage pipe. In this embodiment, the support ring 3-1 of the inner liner support 3 is directly used as the guide plate 3-4, as long as the inner edge of the support ring 3-1 is set to exceed the annular channel and extend toward the center of the cup body 2-1, and the outer edge of the support ring 3-1 is set to exceed the annular channel and extend away from the floor drain cavity 1.
[0047] Compared with the related art, the floor drain provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
[0048] 1. The flow area at the outlet of the lower end surface of the floor drain cavity is larger than the flow area at the inlet of the annular channel formed by the inner surface of the floor drain cavity and the outer surface of the cup body, which can reduce the upward buoyancy of the cup body and increase the downward force on the cup-shaped inner liner, thereby improving the opening stability and flow of the floor drain;
[0049] Second, the flow area at the outlet of the lower end surface of the floor drain cavity is larger than the flow area at any point in the annular channel, which can further reduce the buoyancy of the cup body, make the gap between the lower end surface of the floor drain cavity and the bottom seal of the floor drain larger and more stable, drain faster, and enable the position exchange of water and gas, thereby accelerating the drainage speed of the floor drain, and also facilitate the gas in the drainage pipe to enter the flow channel inside the floor drain close to the bottom seal section of the floor drain, so that the gas pressure on the bottom seal is balanced, and the opening of the bottom seal is not affected by the pressure in the drainage pipe;
[0050] 3. By changing the internal flow channel structure of the floor drain, the point where the flow area of the entire flow channel in the floor drain is the smallest is the entrance of the flow channel, or is located at a certain point in the middle of the flow channel. After this point where the flow area is the smallest, along the water flow direction, the flow area of any section of the flow channel is not less than the flow area of the previous section of the flow channel connected to it, so that the flow channel cannot be filled with water, that is, the flow in the internal flow channel of the floor drain is a water-gas two-phase flow, and the gas in the drainage pipe can enter the flow channel inside the floor drain whose hydraulic state is a water-gas two-phase flow, so that the gas pressure on the upper and lower surfaces of the floor drain bottom seal is equal, so that when the floor drain is draining, the gap between the floor drain bottom seal and the lower end face of the floor drain cavity is not affected by the pressure in the drainage pipe, and the drainage of the floor drain is not affected by the water trap set in the drainage pipe.
[0051] The above description is only an implementation mode of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this field, improvements can be made without departing from the creative concept of the present invention, but these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A floor drain, comprising a floor drain cavity, a cup-shaped liner, a liner support and a reset mechanism, wherein the liner support connects the floor drain cavity and the reset mechanism and cooperates with the reset mechanism to support the cup-shaped liner in the floor drain cavity, the floor drain cavity is a drainage channel, the cup-shaped liner comprises a cup body and a cup bottom, the bottom of the cup body is provided with a hole, the cup bottom is used as a bottom seal of the floor drain, the cup bottom is linked with the reset mechanism, the reset mechanism drives the floor drain to return from an open state to a closed state, the cup bottom realizes the opening and closing of the floor drain by engaging and disengaging with the lower end surface of the floor drain cavity, and is characterized in that: The flow area at the outlet of the lower end surface of the floor drain cavity is larger than the flow area at the inlet of the annular channel formed by the inner surface of the floor drain cavity and the outer surface of the cup body. The flow area at the outlet of the lower end surface of the floor drain cavity is larger than the flow area at any point in the annular channel. When the cup is full of water, the flow area between the lower end surface of the floor drain cavity and the upper surface of the cup bottom is larger than the flow area at the outlet of the lower end surface of the floor drain cavity.
2. The floor drain according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inlet of the annular channel is where the flow area of the annular channel is the smallest.
3. The floor drain according to claim 1, characterized in that: The annular channel is composed of two or more sections of annular channels, and along the water flow direction, the flow area of each section of the annular channel is constant or gradually expands.
4. The floor drain according to claim 1, characterized in that: The annular channel is composed of two sections of annular channels with different flow areas. Along the water flow direction, the flow area of the annular channel close to the water flow inlet end gradually shrinks, and the flow area of the annular channel close to the water flow outlet end gradually expands.
5. The floor drain according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner liner support comprises a support ring located above the inlet of the floor drain flow channel, a spring seat arranged at the center of the support ring and located in the cup body, and a cantilever beam connecting the support ring and the spring seat.
6. The floor drain according to claim 5, characterized in that: The reset mechanism includes a reset spring and a linkage shaft. The linkage shaft passes through the axis of the cup-shaped inner liner and the upper end of the linkage shaft is movably connected to the spring seat to support and fix the cup-shaped inner liner in the floor drain cavity. The reset spring is sleeved on the upper end of the linkage shaft and located in the spring seat, and the cup bottom is fixed to the lower end of the linkage shaft.
7. The floor drain according to claim 6, characterized in that: The linkage shaft includes an upper half shaft and a lower half shaft which are fastened together into a whole by a concave fastener and a convex fastener. The reset mechanism also includes a limit sleeve and a limit spring which cooperate with the concave fastener. After the upper half shaft is fastened together with the lower half shaft, the limit sleeve enters the limit position under the action of the limit spring.
8. The floor drain according to claim 1, characterized in that: The floor drain also includes a floor drain base, the inner periphery of the floor drain base is provided with a protruding card, the outer periphery of the floor drain cavity is provided with a concave card slot, and the floor drain cavity is fixed to the floor drain base by the buckling of the concave card slot and the protruding card.