A clamping tool for machining gear shaft

Abstract

A clamping tool for processing a gear shaft comprises a clamping plate of a machining center, a supporting base, a telescopic cylinder, a pull rod, an expansion sleeve, and a supporting tube. A through stepped hole is provided in the supporting base, the inner space of the expansion sleeve is a tapered hole, a plurality of first opening grooves are provided at one end of the expansion sleeve, the first opening grooves extend along the length direction of the expansion sleeve and evenly divide the circumference by 360°, a plurality of second opening grooves are provided at the other end of the expansion sleeve, the second opening grooves extend along the length direction of the expansion sleeve and evenly divide the circumference by 360°, the pull rod is a stepped shaft, the large diameter section of the stepped shaft is tapered and adapted to the tapered hole of the expansion sleeve, the supporting base is supported on the clamping plate of the machining center, the supporting tube is supported on the supporting base, the cylinder body of the telescopic cylinder is located in the large diameter section of the stepped hole and is clamped and fixed by the clamping plate of the machining center, one end of the expansion sleeve is sleeved on the supporting tube, and the small diameter section of the axial positioning pull rod passes through the expansion sleeve and the supporting tube and is connected to the piston rod of the telescopic cylinder, so as to form a clamping tool for processing a gear shaft.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of tooling fixtures, and in particular to a clamping fixture for machining a gear shaft. Background Art

[0002] See also Figure 1-3 , which is a structural schematic diagram of a gear shaft blank.

[0003] The gear shaft blank of this structure is provided with stepped holes to form a hollow thin-walled structure. The gear shaft blank needs to be clamped on a machining center, and then a corresponding number of holes are machined on the circumferential surface of the gear shaft blank.

[0004] At present, the gear shaft blank is clamped on the machining center by using a specific stepped shaft rod, which is assembled in the stepped hole of the gear shaft blank and fixed by tightening the stepped shaft rod. Since there is an inevitable gap between the stepped shaft rod and the stepped hole of the gear shaft blank, the gear shaft blank has a certain amount of clearance in the radial direction. During the process of machining the hole of the gear shaft blank, the gear shaft blank jumps in the radial direction, resulting in that the gear shafts processed in different batches cannot effectively meet the quality standards. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to address the deficiencies in the prior art and provide a clamping tool for gear shaft processing, which has a simple structure and is easy to use. The gear shaft blank can be quickly clamped on a machining center to avoid axial and radial runout of the blank during machining, thereby effectively ensuring the machining accuracy of the gear shaft blank and meeting quality standards.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is: a clamping tool for machining a gear shaft, comprising a clamping plate of a machining center, a support base, a telescopic cylinder, a pull rod, an expansion sleeve, and a support tube, wherein the support base is provided with a through stepped hole, the inner space of the expansion sleeve is a tapered hole, one end of the expansion sleeve is provided with a plurality of first opening grooves, these first opening grooves extend along the length direction of the expansion sleeve and are evenly divided into a 360° circumference, the other end of the expansion sleeve is provided with a plurality of second opening grooves, these second opening grooves extend along the length direction of the expansion sleeve and are evenly divided into a 360° circumference, the first opening grooves and the second opening grooves extend along the length direction of the expansion sleeve and are evenly divided into a 360° circumference, The circumference of the sleeve is alternately distributed, the pull rod is a stepped shaft, the large diameter section of the stepped shaft is conical and adapted to the tapered hole of the expansion sleeve, the support base is supported on the clamping disk of the machining center, the support tube is supported on the support base and is located on the same straight line as the stepped hole, the cylinder body of the telescopic cylinder is located in the large diameter section of the stepped hole and is clamped and fixed by the clamping disk of the machining center, one end of the expansion sleeve is sleeved on the support tube and axially positioned, the small diameter section of the pull rod passes through the expansion sleeve and the support tube, and is connected to the piston rod of the telescopic cylinder, and the combination constitutes a clamping tooling for gear shaft processing.

[0007] The pull rod is a three-step shaft.

[0008] It also includes a connecting piece, which is a two-stage stepped shaft. The large diameter section of the secondary stepped shaft is provided with a threaded hole, and the small diameter section of the secondary stepped shaft is provided with an external threaded section. The small diameter section of the pull rod is threadedly matched with the threaded hole of the connecting piece, and the piston rod of the telescopic cylinder is threadedly matched with the small diameter section of the connecting piece to form a detachable connection.

[0009] A stepped ring platform is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the support cylinder, and the small diameter section of the stepped ring platform is clearance-fitted in the small diameter section of the stepped hole of the support base, and the lower end surface of the large diameter section of the stepped ring platform cooperates with the support base to form axial and radial limiting, and the upper end surface of the large diameter section of the stepped ring platform forms the supporting surface of the gear shaft.

[0010] A limiting flange is provided on the circumference of the upper end of the support tube, the diameter of the limiting flange is adapted to the outer diameter of the expansion sleeve, one end of the expansion sleeve is sleeved on the support tube and is axially limited by the limiting flange.

[0011] The top circumference of the support tube is provided with a positioning flange, the small diameter end of the tapered hole of the expansion sleeve is provided with a positioning ring groove, one end of the expansion sleeve is sleeved on the support tube, and the positioning flange of the support tube is matched in the positioning ring groove of the expansion sleeve to form an axial limit.

[0012] The extension length of the first opening groove and the second opening groove is 7 / 10-9 / 10 of the length of the expansion sleeve.

[0013] The extension ends of the first opening groove and the second opening groove are both enlarged to form holes.

[0014] The support base is provided with a plurality of fixing holes, which are evenly distributed along the circumference.

[0015] The expansion sleeve is made by injection molding.

[0016] The above technical solution has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. The clamping tooling for gear shaft processing includes a clamping plate, a support base, a telescopic cylinder, a pull rod, an expansion sleeve, and a support tube of a machining center. The support base is provided with a through stepped hole, the inner space of the expansion sleeve is a tapered hole, one end of the expansion sleeve is provided with a plurality of first opening grooves, which extend along the length direction of the expansion sleeve and evenly divide the circumference of 360°, and the other end of the expansion sleeve is provided with a plurality of second opening grooves, which extend along the length direction of the expansion sleeve and evenly divide the circumference of 360°. The first opening grooves and the second opening grooves are alternately distributed along the circumference of the expansion sleeve. When the inner space of the expansion sleeve is subjected to an outward force, the width of the first opening groove and the second opening groove becomes larger, so that the outer circumference of the expansion sleeve is uniformly expanded. The pull rod is a stepped shaft, the large diameter section of which is tapered and adapted to the tapered hole of the expansion sleeve, and the pull rod is used to apply an outward force to the inner space of the expansion sleeve. The support base is supported on the clamping plate of the machining center, the support cylinder is supported on the support base and is located on the same straight line as the stepped hole, the cylinder body of the telescopic cylinder is located in the large diameter section of the stepped hole and is clamped and fixed by the clamping plate of the machining center, that is, the cylinder body of the telescopic cylinder is detachably fixed on the clamping plate of the machining center. One end of the expansion sleeve is sleeved on the support cylinder and axially positioned, the small diameter section of the pull rod passes through the expansion sleeve and the support cylinder, and is connected to the piston rod of the telescopic cylinder, and the combination constitutes a clamping tool for gear shaft processing. The gear shaft blank to be processed is assembled on the supporting tube, and the gear shaft blank is limited axially. In this state, the expansion sleeve is in its original state, and is in a clearance fit state with the inner hole of the gear shaft blank. The piston rod of the telescopic cylinder is controlled to retract, and the tapered end of the pulling rod is pulled toward the clamping disk of the machining center. The tapered end of the pulling rod cooperates with the tapered hole of the expansion sleeve, and a force component toward the clamping disk is applied to the expansion sleeve, and a radial outward force component is applied to the expansion sleeve as a whole. Since the expansion sleeve is axially positioned on the supporting tube, on the one hand, the expansion sleeve presses the supporting tube onto the supporting base, and on the other hand, the multiple first opening grooves and second opening grooves arranged on the expansion sleeve are uniformly widened, so that the expansion sleeve as a whole is uniformly expanded, and is interference fit in the inner hole of the gear shaft blank, so as to form axial and radial positioning for the gear shaft blank, effectively preventing the gear shaft blank from axial or radial runout during machining, and ensuring machining accuracy. In addition, since the variable diameter size of the expansion sleeve is related to the action distance of the pull rod, the expansion sleeve has a certain diameter expansion range and is also suitable for clamping gear shaft blanks of various specifications, effectively reducing the processing cost of the gear shaft blanks.

[0018] 2. A stepped ring platform is fixed at the lower end of the support tube. The small diameter section of the stepped ring platform is fitted in the small diameter section of the stepped hole of the support base through clearance, and the lower end surface of the large diameter section of the stepped ring platform cooperates with the support base to form axial and radial limit, which effectively improves the stability of the support tube and ensures the processing accuracy of the gear shaft blank. The upper end surface of the large diameter section of the stepped ring platform forms the support surface of the gear shaft, which is used to form an axial limit on the gear shaft and improve the support stability of the gear shaft.

[0019] 3. The extension length of the first opening groove and the second opening groove is 7 / 10-9 / 10 of the length of the expansion sleeve, which can effectively expand the opening width range of the first opening groove and the second opening groove, and ensure uniform diameter expansion at both ends of the expansion sleeve. At the same time, the structural strength of the expansion sleeve is guaranteed to meet the requirements of radial positioning of the gear shaft.

[0020] 4. The extended ends of the first opening groove and the second opening groove are both expanded to form holes, which can effectively avoid the expansion sleeve from being damaged while increasing the opening width range of the first opening groove and the second opening groove.

[0021] 5. The expansion sleeve is made by injection molding, with low processing cost. When the expansion sleeve expands its diameter and presses against the inner hole wall of the gear shaft, it has a certain amount of deformation, which reduces the deformation of the gear shaft itself and effectively improves the quality of the processed gear shaft.

[0022] Further description is given below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is an axonometric view of the gear shaft blank (with processed holes) in the background technology;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of a gear shaft blank (with a processed hole) in the background technology;

[0025] Figure 3 for Figure 2 AA section view;

[0026] Figure 4 It is an axonometric view of the present invention (assembled with a gear shaft blank);

[0027] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention (assembled with a gear shaft blank);

[0028] Figure 6 for Figure 5 BB section view;

[0029] Figure 7 is an axonometric view of the pull rod of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the pull rod of the present invention;

[0031] Fig. 9 for Figure 8 CC section view;

[0032] Fig.10 It is an axonometric view of the expansion sleeve of the present invention;

[0033] Fig.11 It is a structural schematic diagram of the expansion sleeve of the present invention;

[0034] Fig.12 for Fig.11 DD section view.

[0035] In the accompanying drawings, 1 is a clamping plate, 2 is a supporting base, 21 is a stepped hole, 22 is a fixing hole, 3 is a telescopic cylinder, 4 is a pull rod, 5 is an expansion sleeve, 51 is a first opening groove, 52 is a second opening groove, 53 is a positioning ring groove, 6 is a supporting cylinder, 61 is a stepped ring platform, 62 is a limiting flange, 63 is a positioning flange, and 7 is a connecting piece. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In the present invention, components without indicating specific structures or connection methods are generally conventional components or connection methods.

[0037] See also Figures 4 to 12, is a specific embodiment of a clamping tool for gear shaft processing. The clamping tool for gear shaft processing includes a clamping plate 1 of a machining center, a support base 2, a telescopic cylinder 3, a pull rod 4, an expansion sleeve 5, and a support tube 6. In this embodiment, the clamping plate of the machining center is a clamping plate for a five-axis linkage machining center. Of course, clamping plates of other processing equipment, such as clamping claws for a lathe, etc., can also be used. A stepped ring 61 is integrally formed at the lower end of the support tube 6. A stepped hole 21 is provided through the support base 2. Specifically, the support base is cylindrical, and the stepped hole is arranged in the middle of the support base. The large end of the stepped hole is located on the bottom surface of the support base, and the small end of the stepped hole is located on the top surface of the support base. A plurality of fixing holes 22 are provided on the support base 2. These fixing holes 22 are evenly distributed along the circumference and can be used to fix the support base with bolts, which also plays a role in weight reduction. The inner hollow of the expansion sleeve 5 is a tapered hole, the large end of the tapered hole is located at the left end of the expansion sleeve, and the small end of the tapered hole is located at the right end of the expansion sleeve. Six first opening grooves 51 are provided at the right end of the expansion sleeve 5, and these first opening grooves 51 extend along the length direction of the expansion sleeve 5 and evenly divide the circumference of 360°. Specifically, the extension length of the first opening groove 51 is 7 / 10-9 / 10 of the length of the expansion sleeve 5, and the extended end of the first opening groove 51 is expanded to form a hole. Six second opening grooves 52 are provided at the left end of the expansion sleeve 5, and these second opening grooves 52 extend along the length direction of the expansion sleeve 5 and evenly divide the circumference of 360°. Specifically, the extension length of the second opening groove 52 is 7 / 10-9 / 10 of the length of the expansion sleeve 5, and the extended end of the second opening groove 52 is expanded to form a hole. The first opening grooves 51 and the second opening grooves 52 are alternately distributed along the circumference of the expansion sleeve 5. In order to reduce processing costs and reduce damage to the gear shaft, the expansion sleeve 5 is made by injection molding. The pull rod 4 is a stepped shaft, the large diameter section of which is tapered and adapted to the tapered hole of the expansion sleeve 5. Specifically, the pull rod 4 is a three-step stepped shaft, the small diameter section of which is provided with an external thread section.The support base 2 is supported on the clamping plate 1 of the machining center. The small diameter section of the step ring 61 at the lower end of the support tube is gap-fitted in the small diameter section of the step hole 21 of the support base, and is located on the same straight line as the step hole 21. The lower end surface of the large diameter section of the step ring 61 cooperates with the support base 2 to form axial and radial limit. The upper end surface of the large diameter section of the step ring 61 forms the support surface of the gear shaft. The cylinder body of the telescopic cylinder 3 is located in the large diameter section of the step hole 21 and is clamped and fixed by the clamping plate 1 of the machining center. One end of the expansion sleeve 5 is sleeved on the support tube 6. And axial positioning, in this embodiment, a limiting flange 62 is integrally formed on the circumference of the upper end of the support tube 6, and the diameter of the limiting flange 62 is adapted to the outer diameter of the expansion sleeve 5. One end of the expansion sleeve 5 is sleeved on the support tube 6 and is axially limited by the limiting flange 62. In order to further improve the limiting effect of the expansion sleeve, a positioning flange 63 is integrally formed on the circumference of the top of the support tube 6, and a positioning ring groove 53 is provided at the small diameter end of the tapered hole of the expansion sleeve 5. One end of the expansion sleeve 5 is sleeved on the support tube 6, and the positioning flange 63 of the support tube 6 is matched in the positioning ring groove 53 of the expansion sleeve 5 to form axial limitation. The small diameter section of the pull rod 4 passes through the expansion sleeve 5 and the support tube 6, and is connected to the piston rod of the telescopic cylinder 3, and the combination constitutes a clamping tool for gear shaft processing. Specifically, it also includes a connecting piece 7, and the connecting piece 7 is a two-stage stepped shaft. The large diameter section of the secondary stepped shaft is provided with a threaded hole, and the small diameter section of the secondary stepped shaft is provided with an external threaded section. The small diameter section of the pull rod 4 is threadedly matched with the threaded hole of the connecting piece 7, and the piston rod of the telescopic cylinder 3 is threadedly matched with the small diameter section of the connecting piece 7, so as to form a detachable connection.

[0038] The working principle of the present invention is: the gear shaft blank to be processed is assembled on the support tube, and the right end of the gear shaft blank is limited by the stepped ring stage. In this state, the expansion sleeve is in the original state and is in a clearance fit state with the inner hole of the gear shaft blank. The piston rod of the telescopic cylinder is controlled to retract, and the tapered end of the traction rod moves toward the clamping disk of the machining center. The tapered end of the pull rod cooperates with the tapered hole of the expansion sleeve, and a force component toward the clamping disk is applied to the expansion sleeve, and a radial force component is applied to the expansion sleeve as a whole. Since the expansion sleeve is axially positioned on the support tube, the expansion sleeve presses the support tube on the support base on the one hand, and on the other hand, the first opening groove and the second opening groove set on the expansion sleeve are uniformly widened, so that the expansion sleeve is uniformly expanded as a whole, and interference fits in the inner space of the gear shaft blank, forming axial and radial positioning for the gear shaft blank. The gear shaft blank can be further processed by the machining center, effectively preventing the gear shaft blank from axial or radial runout during the machining process, and ensuring the machining accuracy.

[0039] After the processing is completed, the piston rod of the telescopic cylinder is controlled to extend to restore the expansion sleeve to its original state, that is, the radial and axial positioning of the gear shaft is released, and the processed gear shaft is taken out.

Claims

1. A clamping tool for gear shaft processing, characterized in that: The invention comprises a clamping plate (1) of a machining center, a supporting base (2), a telescopic cylinder (3), a pull rod (4), an expansion sleeve (5), and a supporting cylinder (6). The support base (2) is provided with a stepped hole (21) extending therethrough. The inner hollow of the expansion sleeve (5) is a tapered hole. One end of the expansion sleeve (5) is provided with a plurality of first opening grooves (51). The first opening grooves (51) extend along the length direction of the expansion sleeve (5) and evenly divide the circumference of 360°. The other end of the expansion sleeve (5) is provided with a plurality of second opening grooves (52). The second opening grooves (52) extend along the length direction of the expansion sleeve (5) and evenly divide the circumference of 360°. The first opening grooves (51) and the second opening grooves (52) are alternately distributed along the circumference of the expansion sleeve (5). The extension lengths of the first opening grooves (51) and the second opening grooves (52) are 7 / 10 to 9 / 10 of the length of the expansion sleeve (5). The extension ends of the first opening grooves (51) and the second opening grooves (52) are both expanded to form holes. The pull rod (4) is a stepped shaft, the large diameter section of which is tapered and adapted to the tapered hole of the expansion sleeve (5). A stepped annular platform (61) is fixedly provided at the lower end of the support tube (6), the upper end surface of the large diameter section of the stepped annular platform (61) forms a support surface for the gear shaft, a positioning flange (63) is provided on the top circumference of the support tube (6), and a limiting flange (62) is provided on the upper end circumference of the support tube (6), the diameter of the limiting flange (62) is adapted to the outer diameter of the expansion sleeve (5), The support base (2) is supported on a clamping plate (1) of a machining center, and the support cylinder (6) is supported on the support base (2) and is located on the same straight line as the stepped hole (21). The small diameter section of the stepped ring platform (61) is clearance-fitted in the small diameter section of the stepped hole (21) of the support base, and the lower end surface of the large diameter section of the stepped ring platform (61) cooperates with the support base (2) to form axial and radial limit. The small diameter end of the tapered hole of the expansion sleeve (5) is provided with a positioning ring groove (53). The telescopic cylinder (3) The cylinder body is located in the large diameter section of the stepped hole (21) and is clamped and fixed by a clamping plate (1) of a machining center. One end of the expansion sleeve (5) is sleeved on the support tube (6) and axially limited by a limiting flange (62). The positioning flange (63) of the support tube (6) cooperates in the positioning ring groove (53) of the expansion sleeve (5) to form an axial limit. The small diameter section of the pull rod (4) passes through the expansion sleeve (5) and the support tube (6) and is connected to the piston rod of the telescopic cylinder (3), and the combination constitutes a clamping tool for gear shaft processing.

2. The clamping fixture for gear shaft machining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pull rod (4) is a three-step shaft.

3. The clamping fixture for gear shaft machining according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a connecting piece (7), the connecting piece (7) is a two-stage stepped shaft, the large diameter section of the two-stage stepped shaft is provided with a threaded hole, the small diameter section of the two-stage stepped shaft is provided with an external threaded section, the small diameter section of the pull rod (4) is threadedly matched with the threaded hole of the connecting piece (7), and the piston rod of the telescopic cylinder (3) is threadedly matched with the small diameter section of the connecting piece (7), so as to form a detachable connection.

4. The clamping fixture for gear shaft machining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support base (2) is provided with a plurality of fixing holes (22), and the fixing holes (22) are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction.

5. The clamping fixture for gear shaft machining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The expansion sleeve (5) is made by injection molding.

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