Deep sea electric drive drilling integrated clamping operation seabed crust sampling device

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of sampling of seabed hard crusts, and specifically refers to a deep-sea electric-driven drilling integrated clamping operation seabed crust sampling device. It includes a transmission unit, a coring unit and a control unit. The transmission unit and the control unit are connected by a compression spring cable, and the transmission unit and the coring unit are connected in an integrated coaxial manner; the transmission unit includes a sealing housing, a motor and a connecting transmission shaft, and the sealing housing is provided with a connector and a front end cover in sequence at one end facing the coring unit. The connector is arranged between the front end cover and the sealing housing, and the front end cover, the connector and the sealing housing are fixedly connected. The axial contact surfaces of the connector, the front end cover and the sealing housing are all provided with at least one connector O-ring, and the other end of the sealing housing is provided with a rear end cover, and a compensation diaphragm is provided between the rear end cover and the sealing housing. The sealing housing is fixedly connected to the rear end cover, and a T-shaped handle is fixed on the rear end cover. It is simple to manufacture, low in production cost, easy to install, efficient, safe and reliable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of seabed hard crust sampling, and in particular to a deep-sea electric-driven drilling integrated clamping and operating seabed crust sampling device used in a manned submersible. Background Art

[0002] In the process of deep-sea sampling and exploration, drilling sampling and exploration is used as an important method in deep-sea exploration activities because of its high efficiency and the advantage of obtaining valuable columnar samples. By obtaining in-situ continuous seafloor crust samples, it provides new important clues for solving plate tectonics, the origin of life on Earth, etc., and provides accurate basic data for resource exploration, component analysis, environmental assessment, etc. Since the 1960s, major countries around the world have organized and carried out international drilling programs such as the Deep Sea Drilling Program (DSDP), the Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) and the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP), which have promoted the development of marine science.

[0003] At present, my country has more than 160,000 square kilometers of overseas mining areas. Before large-scale mining, samples from typical areas must be obtained to complete engineering data determination. This requires high-precision geological sampling in typical areas based on large-scale sampling in the early stage, and subsequent trial mining and environmental assessment research have been realized. At present, deep-sea drilling rigs mostly use ship-borne heavy-duty self-seated bottom operation mode, and their coring accuracy is restricted. How to achieve accurate and efficient drilling in fixed areas is an application technology problem that needs to be solved urgently.

[0004] The application of deep-sea transport equipment represented by Jiaolong, which completed the world's deepest dive and experimental application voyage of 7,062 meters, reflects unique operational advantages and creates a new model of efficient and precise exploration. Therefore, combining the deep-sea drilling rig coring technology with the efficient detection capability of Jiaolong, a system was developed to design a small-scale clamping operation seafloor crust sampling device that can be carried on a manned submersible and can effectively solve the above problems.

[0005] At the same time, with the widespread use of manned submersibles, deep-sea manned submersibles represented by the United States and Japan have carried out a large number of research and application development work on carrier seafloor crust sampling drills. As early as 1991, the US Alvin completed the development of the HSTR seafloor crust sampling drill and successfully drilled sulfide seafloor crust samples. In addition, the HSTR corer also successfully obtained igneous rock samples with the ROV (Ventana) of the MBARI Institute in 1992; the MBARI Institute successfully developed a 4000m-level MCS sampler that can achieve four-tube sampling and successfully obtained exposed bedrock samples on the bottom of Juan de Fuca. Phoenix International has developed a corer that can be mounted on the Nereus II ROV. The core length can reach 1.5m, the coring operation depth is 2400m, and it can coring on a 45° slope. In 1995, the Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute in the United States completed the research on the 7000m-class Harbor Branch corer, and completed multiple sea trials on a Magellan ROV. In addition, countries such as the United Kingdom, France and Russia have also carried out the development and application of deep-sea manned submersibles. For example, manned submersibles such as CONSUB (UK), ST-I (France) and APTYC (Russia) have carried out the development of matching small-scale seabed crust corers.

[0006] At present, my country has also carried out some research and development work on coring devices based on manned submersibles, completed the development of principle prototypes, and basically solved the matching of Jiaolong and drilling rigs and simple sampling problems. After several sea trials, it was found that the original device still had problems such as drilling rig process parameters to be optimized, unsatisfactory coring results (coring was only 13mm×80mm), low work efficiency caused by reducer plus flexible shaft drive, and the overall size of the device was too large due to the limited space of Jiaolong. Therefore, based on the experience of the sea trial of Jiaolong, the device design research was continued, and a design scheme for the clamping operation of the seabed crust sampling device with integrated electric drive drilling was proposed. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above problems existing in the prior art, and proposes a deep-sea electric-driven drilling integrated clamping operation seabed crust sampling device, which is simple to manufacture, low in production cost, easy to install, efficient, safe and reliable.

[0008] The technical solution of the present invention is: a deep-sea electric-driven drilling integrated clamping operation seafloor crust sampling device, which includes a transmission unit, a coring unit and a control unit, the transmission unit and the control unit are connected by a compression spring cable, and the transmission unit and the coring unit are connected in an integral coaxial manner;

[0009] The transmission unit comprises a sealing housing, a motor and a connecting transmission shaft. The sealing housing is provided with a connecting piece and a front end cover in sequence at one end facing the coring unit. The connecting piece is arranged between the front end cover and the sealing housing. The front end cover, the connecting piece and the sealing housing are fixedly connected. The axial contact surfaces of the connecting piece, the front end cover and the sealing housing are all provided with at least one connecting piece O-ring. The other end of the sealing housing is provided with a rear end cover. A compensation diaphragm is provided between the rear end cover and the sealing housing. The sealing housing is fixedly connected to the rear end cover. A T-shaped handle is fixed on the rear end cover.

[0010] The motor and the connecting transmission shaft are both arranged in a sealed housing, a motor connecting piece is fixed on the motor, the motor connecting piece is fixedly connected to the connecting piece, one end of the connecting transmission shaft is connected to the output end of the motor, the other end of the connecting transmission shaft passes through the front end cover and is connected to the coring unit, angular contact ball bearings are arranged between the connecting transmission shaft and the front end cover and the connecting piece, and the angular contact ball bearings are installed concentrically.

[0011] A dynamic sealing cover is provided on the end face of the front end cover facing the coring unit, an axial O-ring of the dynamic sealing cover is provided between the axial contact surface of the dynamic sealing cover and the front end cover, a radial O-ring of the dynamic sealing cover is provided between the radial contact surface of the dynamic sealing cover and the front end cover, a dynamic sealing ring is provided between the dynamic sealing cover and the connecting transmission shaft, and the radial O-ring of the dynamic sealing cover is W-shaped.

[0012] In the present invention, the coring unit includes a drill bit, a drill rod and a sampling tube. The drill bit, the drill rod and the sampling tube are all hollow. The sampling tube is fixed to the inner surface of the drill rod. The sampling tube is lined with a water-lubricated composite material. The outer surface of the drill rod is provided with a thread. One end of the drill rod is fixedly connected to the connecting transmission shaft, and the other end of the drill rod is fixedly connected to the drill bit.

[0013] The inner diameter of the drill pipe gradually increases from bottom to top, so that a certain gap is maintained between the drilled seabed crust and the inner surface of the drill pipe, so as to facilitate the removal of the seabed crust from the drill pipe at a later stage.

[0014] A drill blade is welded on the bottom end of the drill bit, and the drill blade is made of PDC diamond composite material.

[0015] The inner surface of the drill bit is provided with a plurality of one-way locking blocks, and the inner surface of the one-way locking block is provided with ratchet teeth.

[0016] The control unit includes a high-density deep-sea lithium battery, a DC motor driver, an AC / DC module, a laser trigger switch, a motor start-stop control circuit, a high-voltage chamber and a battery fixing bracket. The battery is arranged on the battery fixing bracket. In the control unit, a magnetic trigger method is used to realize the opening or closing of the motor start-stop control circuit.

[0017] One end of the connecting transmission shaft connected to the coring unit is provided with an external thread, and both ends of the drill rod are provided with internal threads. The internal thread at one end of the drill rod is fixedly connected to the external thread at the end of the connecting transmission shaft by means of threads, and the internal thread at the other end of the drill rod is fixedly connected to the drill bit by means of threads.

[0018] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0019] (1) The device is convenient for manipulator clamping operation, and adopts an integrated structure design of motor, connecting transmission shaft, bearing, and drill bit, with a compact structure;

[0020] (2) The sampling device consists of three parts: a transmission unit, a coring unit and a control unit. It adopts universal and modular assembly and can be disassembled and assembled at sea at will to realize different task modules and multi-task operations. It can realize mass processing, simple manufacturing, low production cost, easy installation, high efficiency, safety and reliability;

[0021] (3) The laser trigger mode is adopted, and the system can be turned on and off by remote triggering of the laser by the personnel in the underwater cabin, ensuring ergonomic safety;

[0022] (4) The oil-filled pressure compensation diaphragm is used for compensation, which not only achieves internal and external pressure balance but also greatly saves the production of additional components;

[0023] (5) A double-acting rotary seal is used between the transmission shaft and the dynamic seal cover. After multiple sea trials, this sealing structure has good sealing performance;

[0024] (6) The electric drive mode has the advantages of high independence, good controllability, and adjustable motor drilling speed compared to the hydraulic drive mode, while also ensuring the safety of the Jiaolong itself. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the transmission unit and the coring unit;

[0027] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 BB section view;

[0028] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the transmission unit;

[0029] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 AA section view in the figure;

[0030] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of realizing dynamic sealing at the dynamic sealing cover;

[0031] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the coring unit;

[0032] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the connection between the drill rod and the drill bit;

[0033] Fig. 9 It is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the connection between the drill rod and the drill bit.

[0034] In the figure: 1 hexagon socket head screw; 2 dynamic sealing cover; 3 front end cover; 4 connecting piece; 5 sealing housing; 6 motor connecting piece; 7 motor; 8 compensation diaphragm; 9 rear end cover; 10 T-handle; 11 connecting transmission shaft; 12 axial O-ring of dynamic sealing cover; 13 radial O-ring of dynamic sealing cover; 14 dynamic sealing ring; 15 angular contact ball bearing; 16 connecting piece O-ring; 20 drill bit; 21 drill rod; 22 sampling tube; 23 drill blade; 24 one-way locking block; 25 transmission unit; 26 coring unit; 27 compression spring cable; 28 control unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0036] In the following description, specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in a variety of other ways than those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0037] like Figure 1 As shown, the deep-sea electric-driven drilling integrated clamping operation seafloor crust sampling device of the present invention comprises a transmission unit 25, a coring unit 26 and a control unit 28. The transmission unit 25 and the control unit 28 are connected by a compression spring cable 27, so that the control unit supplies power and controls signals to the motor in the transmission unit. The control unit 28 comprises a battery, a DC motor driver, an AC / DC module, a laser trigger switch, a motor start-stop control circuit, a high-pressure chamber and a battery fixing bracket. The battery is arranged on the battery fixing bracket. In the control unit, a magnetic triggering method is adopted to realize the opening or closing of the motor start-stop control circuit.

[0038] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the transmission unit 25 and the coring unit 26 are fixedly connected by threaded connection. Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the transmission unit 25 includes a sealing housing 5, a motor 7 and a connecting transmission shaft 11. The end of the sealing housing 5 facing the coring unit is provided with a connector 4 and a front cover 3 in sequence. The connector 4 is arranged between the front cover 3 and the sealing housing 5. The front cover 3, the connector 4 and the sealing housing 5 are fixedly connected by a hexagon socket head screw 1. In this embodiment, the axial contact surface between the connector 4 and the front cover 3 is provided with two connector O-type sealing rings 16, and the axial contact surface between the connector 4 and the sealing housing 5 is provided with two connector O-type sealing rings 16. The other end of the sealing housing 5 is provided with a rear end cover 9, and a compensation diaphragm 8 is provided between the rear end cover 9 and the sealing housing 5. The sealing housing 5 is fixedly connected with the rear end cover 9, so that the compensation diaphragm 8 is pressed tightly between the sealing housing 5 and the rear end cover 9. The sealing housing 5 is filled with capacitor oil liquid, and the oil filling amount is controlled according to the situation to ensure that the compensation diaphragm is raised for seawater pressure compensation. The rear end cover 9 is provided with a water leakage port, and seawater can enter the space formed by the rear end cover 9 and the compensation diaphragm 8 through the water leakage port to achieve elastic changes of the diaphragm. A T-shaped handle 10 is fixed on the rear end cover 9. During use, the submersible manipulator grasps the T-shaped handle 10 and places the sampling device at a designated position, thereby achieving accurate sampling.

[0039] The motor 7 and the connecting transmission shaft 11 are both arranged in the sealed housing 5. The motor 7 is fixed with a motor connecting member 6, which is fixedly connected to the connecting member 4. Since the connecting member 4 is fixedly connected to the front cover 3 and the sealed housing 5, the motor 7 is fixedly connected to the connecting member 4, the front cover 3 and the sealed housing 5. One end of the connecting transmission shaft 11 is connected to the output end of the motor 7, and the motor 7 drives the connecting transmission shaft 11 to rotate when working; the other end of the connecting transmission shaft 11 passes through the front cover, and the end is provided with an external thread and connected to the coring unit 26, thereby realizing the connection between the transmission unit 25 and the coring unit 26, and transmitting the torque generated by the motor 7 to the coring unit 26, realizing the rotation of the coring unit. An angular contact ball bearing 15 is provided between the connecting transmission shaft 11 and the front cover 3, and an angular contact ball bearing 5 is provided between the connecting transmission shaft 11 and the connecting member 4. The two angular contact ball bearings are installed concentrically to ensure the stability of the connecting transmission shaft 11, and while enhancing the anti-axial force, the output stability of the connecting transmission shaft is improved.

[0040] like Figure 6As shown, a dynamic sealing connection is adopted between the connecting transmission shaft 11 and the front end cover 3. That is, a dynamic sealing cover 2 is provided on the end face of the front end cover 3 facing the coring unit 26, an axial O-type sealing ring 12 of a dynamic sealing cover is provided between the axial contact surface of the dynamic sealing cover 2 and the front end cover 3, a radial O-type sealing ring 13 of a dynamic sealing cover is provided between the radial contact surface of the dynamic sealing cover 2 and the front end cover 3, a dynamic sealing ring 14 is provided between the dynamic sealing cover 2 and the connecting transmission shaft 11, and the radial O-type sealing ring 13 of the dynamic sealing cover is W-shaped. A combined sealing method is adopted between the dynamic sealing ring 14 and the radial O-type sealing ring 13 of the dynamic sealing cover, which has an excellent sealing effect after long-term offshore testing. This dynamic sealing connection method can achieve axial dynamic sealing of 0-30 MPa and 5 m / s.

[0041] like Figures 7 to 9 As shown, the coring unit includes a drill bit 20, a drill rod 21 and a sampling tube 22. The drill bit 20, the drill rod 21 and the sampling tube 22 are all hollow. Both ends of the drill rod 21 are provided with internal threads. The internal thread at one end of the drill rod 21 is fixedly connected to the external thread connected to the end of the transmission shaft by means of threads, and the internal thread at the other end of the drill rod 21 is also fixedly connected to the drill bit 20 by means of threads. The inner surface of the drill rod 21 is fixed with a sampling tube 22, which is lined with a water-lubricated composite material. During the drilling process, the seafloor crust is stored in the sampling tube. After returning to the mother ship, the complete in-situ seafloor crust can be taken out by directly taking out the sampling tube. In the present invention, the inner diameter of the drill rod 21 can be gradually increased from bottom to top, so that a certain gap is maintained between the drilled seafloor crust and the inner surface of the drill rod, so as to facilitate the removal of the seafloor crust from the drill rod at a later stage. The outer surface of the drill rod 21 is provided with threads. The threads facilitate the drill rod 21 to drill into the seabed crust by rotation. On the other hand, the waste chips generated during the drilling process can be discharged through the external threads, reducing the resistance of the drill rod during its advancement.

[0042] The bottom end of the drill bit 20 is welded with a drill blade 23. In the present invention, the drill blade is made of PDC (abbreviation of polycrystalline diamond composite, i.e., polycrystalline diamond composite sheet) diamond composite material. Since the PDC composite drill bit has a diamond wear-resistant layer, it has high hardness, which is generally more than 100 times higher than the wear resistance of tungsten carbide cemented carbide, so the cutting edge is sharp, and the polycrystalline layer in front and behind the tip can be worn or peeled off synchronously, and the cemented carbide bottom layer behind is more advanced. Therefore, the cutting edge of the composite drill bit can be self-sharpened during the cutting process, and the sharp cutting edge cuts into the rock, moves forward under the action of torque, and shears the rock, which makes full use of the weakness of low shear strength of the rock and gives full play to the advantage of the composite drill bit in high-speed rock cutting.

[0043] The inner surface of the drill bit 20 is provided with a plurality of one-way locking blocks 24, and the inner surface of the one-way locking block 24 is provided with ratchets. When the drill rod rotates the drill bit 20 to move downward, the drill bit drills into the rock, and the ratchets hold the seabed crust tightly. After the sampling is completed, the drill rod drives the drill bit to rotate in the opposite direction to pull the drill bit out of the rock. At this time, under the resistance of the ratchets, the one-way locking block 24 does not rotate with the drill bit, and the ratchets hold the seabed crust tightly, so that the seabed crust is smoothly pulled out of the ore base along with the drill rod.

[0044] The sampling device described in the present invention is mainly carried on the Jiaolong manned submersible, and is clamped by a manipulator to carry out underwater operations. Its working process is as follows: Since the sampling device is powered by its own battery, there is no need to use the power supply of the Jiaolong. Before the submersible dives, the sampling device is placed as a whole on the Jiaolong sampling basket. When the submersible reaches the pre-cutting position, the submersible first sits on the bottom and then adjusts the manipulator posture. The operating manipulator (master-slave manipulator) is used to remove the coring drill from the drill sleeve, and the trigger manipulator moves the start-stop trigger magnet to the start trigger circuit, starts the motor 7, and drives the coring unit 26 to rotate by connecting the transmission shaft 11 to perform the seabed crust sampling operation. After the sampling is completed, the trigger manipulator moves the start-stop trigger magnet to the stop trigger circuit, turns off the motor and power supply, puts the sampled drill back into the drill sleeve, fixes it, and completes the sampling operation.

[0045] The above is a detailed introduction to the deep-sea electric-driven drilling integrated clamping operation seabed crust sampling device provided by the present invention. Specific examples are used in this article to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, without departing from the principles of the present invention, the present invention can also be improved and modified in a number of ways, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention. The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables professionals and technicians in this field to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to professionals and technicians in this field, and the general principles defined in this article can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown in this article, but will conform to the widest range consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed in this article.

Claims

1. A deep-sea electric-driven drilling integrated clamping operation seafloor crust sampling device, characterized in that: It comprises a transmission unit (25), a coring unit (26) and a control unit (28), wherein the transmission unit (25) and the control unit (28) are connected via a compression spring cable (27), and the transmission unit (25) and the coring unit (26) are integrally coaxially connected; The transmission unit (25) comprises a sealing shell (5), a motor (7) and a connecting transmission shaft (11); a connecting piece (4) and a front end cover (3) are sequentially arranged at one end of the sealing shell (5) facing the coring unit; the connecting piece (4) is arranged between the front end cover (3) and the sealing shell (5); the front end cover (3), the connecting piece (4) and the sealing shell (5) are fixedly connected; the axial contact surfaces of the connecting piece (4) and the front end cover (3) and the sealing shell (5) are all provided with at least one connecting piece O-type sealing ring (16); a rear end cover (9) is arranged at the other end of the sealing shell (5); a compensation diaphragm (8) is arranged between the rear end cover (9) and the sealing shell (5); the sealing shell (5) is fixedly connected to the rear end cover (9); a T-shaped handle (10) is fixed on the rear end cover (9); The motor (7) and the connecting transmission shaft (11) are both arranged in a sealed housing (5); a motor connecting piece (6) is fixed on the motor (7); the motor connecting piece (6) is fixedly connected to the connecting piece (4); one end of the connecting transmission shaft (11) is connected to the output end of the motor (7); the other end of the connecting transmission shaft (11) passes through the front end cover and is connected to the coring unit (26); angular contact ball bearings (15) are arranged between the connecting transmission shaft (11), the front end cover (3) and the connecting piece (4); and the angular contact ball bearings are installed in a concentric manner. The end surface of the front end cover (3) facing the coring unit (26) is provided with a dynamic sealing cover (2); an axial O-type sealing ring (12) of the dynamic sealing cover is provided between the axial contact surfaces of the dynamic sealing cover (2) and the front end cover (3); a radial O-type sealing ring (13) of the dynamic sealing cover is provided between the radial contact surfaces of the dynamic sealing cover (2) and the front end cover (3); a dynamic sealing ring (14) is provided between the dynamic sealing cover (2) and the connecting transmission shaft (11); and the radial O-type sealing ring (13) of the dynamic sealing cover is W-shaped; The coring unit comprises a drill bit (20), a drill rod (21) and a sampling tube (22); the drill bit (20), the drill rod (21) and the sampling tube (22) are all hollow; the sampling tube (22) is fixed to the inner surface of the drill rod (21); the sampling tube (22) is lined with a water-lubricated composite material; the outer surface of the drill rod (21) is provided with threads; one end of the drill rod (21) is fixedly connected to the connecting transmission shaft (11); and the other end of the drill rod (21) is fixedly connected to the drill bit (20); The inner diameter of the drill rod (21) gradually increases from bottom to top; A drill blade (23) is welded on the bottom end of the drill bit (20), and the drill blade is made of a PDC diamond composite material; The inner surface of the drill bit (20) is provided with a plurality of one-way locking blocks (24), and the inner surface of the one-way locking blocks (24) is provided with ratchet teeth.

2. The deep-sea electric-driven drilling integrated clamping operation seafloor crust sampling device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The control unit (28) comprises a battery, a DC motor driver, an AC / DC module, a laser trigger switch, a motor start-stop control circuit, a high-voltage chamber and a battery fixing bracket, the battery is arranged on the battery fixing bracket, and a magnetic triggering method is used to realize the opening or closing of the motor start-stop control circuit.

3. The deep sea electric drive drilling integrated clamping operation seabed crust sampling device according to claim 1 is characterized by: One end of the connecting transmission shaft (11) connected to the coring unit is provided with an external thread, and both ends of the drill rod (21) are provided with internal threads. The internal thread at one end of the drill rod (21) is fixedly connected to the external thread at the end of the connecting transmission shaft by means of threads, and the internal thread at the other end of the drill rod (21) is fixedly connected to the drill bit (20) by means of threads.

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