Balanced RF front-end transceiver circuit, system and control method thereof

Abstract

The embodiment of the present invention discloses a balanced RF front-end transceiver circuit, system and control method thereof, which belongs to the field of microwave RF technology. The input end of the signal transmitting circuit and the output end of the signal receiving circuit in the circuit are connected to the first coupler, and the output end of the signal transmitting circuit and the input end of the signal receiving circuit are connected to the second coupler; or, the input end of the signal transmitting circuit and the output end of the signal receiving circuit are connected to the third coupler, the output end of the signal transmitting circuit is connected to the fourth coupler, and the input end of the signal receiving circuit is connected to the fifth coupler; or, the input end of the signal transmitting circuit is connected to the sixth coupler, the output end of the signal receiving circuit is connected to the seventh coupler, and the output end of the signal transmitting circuit and the input end of the signal receiving circuit are connected to the eighth coupler. The embodiment of the present invention can simplify the circuit complexity, reduce the circuit occupied area and implementation cost without reducing the transceiver performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of microwave radio frequency technology, and in particular to a balanced radio frequency front-end transceiver circuit, system and control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The rapid development of phased array components has put forward higher and higher requirements for the miniaturization of transceiver components. Among the transceiver components, the integration of RF front-end transceiver circuits is one of the most challenging designs. Generally, RF front-end transceiver circuits not only require performance indicators such as wide bandwidth, low insertion loss, and high isolation, but also require a small size to achieve high integration.

[0003] The existing RF front-end transceiver circuit with balanced structure is mainly composed of balanced power amplifier, limiter, low noise amplifier, switching network and coupler. Figure 1 As shown. Among them, the signal transmission circuit is: the RF signal is converted into two signals through the RF port 1 through the coupler coupler1, and the two signals are amplified by the two power amplifiers (Power Amplifier) ​​PA1 and PA2 and output to the two ends of the coupler coupler2, and then combined into a single signal through the coupler coupler2, and then connected to the antenna end through the switching network for radiation. The signal receiving circuit is: the signal received from the antenna end is converted into two signals through the switching network through the coupler coupler3, and the two signals are respectively output to the two ends of the coupler coupler4 through the two limiters and low noise amplifiers (Low Noise Amplifier) ​​LNA1 and LNA2, and then output to the RF port 2 after being combined into a single signal through the coupler coupler4. Among them, the isolation port of coupler1 is connected to the load network 1, the isolation port of coupler2 is connected to the load network 2, the isolation port of coupler3 is connected to the load network 3, and the isolation port of coupler4 is connected to the load network 4.

[0004] In the existing balanced RF front-end transceiver circuit, two couplers are used in both the signal transmission circuit and the signal reception circuit, which not only increases the design complexity but also increases the circuit area occupied. In addition, as the array size increases, the cost of phased array components also increases dramatically. Summary of the invention

[0005] The embodiment of the present invention provides a balanced RF front-end transceiver circuit, system and control method thereof, which are used to solve the problems of complex design, large circuit area and high cost of the existing balanced RF front-end transceiver circuit. The technical solution is as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect, a balanced radio frequency front-end transceiver circuit is provided, wherein the balanced radio frequency front-end transceiver circuit comprises: a coupler, a switching network, a load network, a balanced signal transmitting circuit, a balanced signal receiving circuit and an antenna;

[0007] The coupler includes a first coupler and a second coupler, the switching network includes a first switching network and a second switching network, and the load network includes a first load network and a second load network, the input end of the balanced signal transmitting circuit and the output end of the balanced signal receiving circuit are connected to the first coupler through the first switching network, the isolation port of the first coupler is connected to the first load network, the output end of the balanced signal transmitting circuit and the input end of the balanced signal receiving circuit are connected to the second coupler through the second switching network, the isolation port of the second coupler is connected to the second load network, the input and output ends of the second coupler are connected to the antenna, and the input and output ends of the first coupler are the RF input and output ends of the balanced RF front-end transceiver circuit; or,

[0008] The coupler includes a third coupler, a fourth coupler and a fifth coupler, the switching network includes a third switching network and a fourth switching network, and the load network includes a third load network, a fourth load network and a fifth load network, the input end of the balanced signal transmitting circuit and the output end of the balanced signal receiving circuit are connected to the third coupler through the third switching network, the isolation port of the third coupler is connected to the third load network, the output end of the balanced signal transmitting circuit is connected to the fourth coupler, the isolation port of the fourth coupler is connected to the fourth load network, the input end of the balanced signal receiving circuit is connected to the fifth coupler, the isolation port of the fifth coupler is connected to the fifth load network, the output end of the fourth coupler and the input end of the fifth coupler are connected to the antenna through the fourth switching network, and the input and output ends of the third coupler are the RF input and output ends of the balanced RF front-end transceiver circuit; or,

[0009] The coupler includes a sixth coupler, a seventh coupler and an eighth coupler, the switching network includes a fifth switching network, and the load network includes a sixth load network, a seventh load network and an eighth load network, the input end of the balanced signal transmitting circuit is connected to the sixth coupler, the isolation port of the sixth coupler is connected to the sixth load network, the output end of the balanced signal receiving circuit is connected to the seventh coupler, the isolation port of the seventh coupler is connected to the seventh load network, the output end of the balanced signal transmitting circuit and the input end of the balanced signal receiving circuit are connected to the eighth coupler through the fifth switching network, the isolation port of the eighth coupler is connected to the eighth load network, the input and output ends of the eighth coupler are connected to the antenna, the input end of the sixth coupler is the RF input end of the balanced RF front-end transceiver circuit, and the output end of the seventh coupler is the RF output end of the balanced RF front-end transceiver circuit.

[0010] In an optional embodiment, the balanced signal transmitting circuit includes a first signal transmitting circuit and a second signal transmitting circuit; the first signal transmitting circuit includes a first power amplifier, and the second signal transmitting circuit includes a second power amplifier; the input ends of the first power amplifier and the second power amplifier are the input ends of the balanced signal transmitting circuit, and the output ends of the first power amplifier and the second power amplifier are the output ends of the balanced signal transmitting circuit;

[0011] The balanced signal receiving circuit includes a first signal receiving circuit and a second signal receiving circuit; the first signal receiving circuit includes a first limiter and a first low-noise amplifier connected in series, and the second signal receiving circuit includes a second limiter and a second low-noise amplifier connected in series; the input ends of the first limiter and the second limiter are the input ends of the balanced signal receiving circuit, and the output ends of the first low-noise amplifier and the second low-noise amplifier are the output ends of the balanced signal receiving circuit.

[0012] In an optional embodiment, the coupler includes a first coupler and a second coupler, the switching network includes a first switching network and a second switching network, and the load network includes a first load network and a second load network, then the first switching network includes a first switching element and a second switching element, and the second switching network includes a third switching element and a fourth switching element;

[0013] The through port of the first coupler is connected to the common port of the first switching element, and the two radio frequency ports of the first switching element are respectively connected to the output end of the first low noise amplifier and the input end of the first power amplifier; the coupling port of the first coupler is connected to the common port of the second switching element, and the two radio frequency ports of the second switching element are respectively connected to the output end of the second low noise amplifier and the input end of the second power amplifier;

[0014] The coupling port of the second coupler is connected to the common port of the third switching element, and the two RF ports of the third switching element are respectively connected to the input end of the first limiter and the output end of the first power amplifier; the through port of the second coupler is connected to the common port of the fourth switching element, and the two RF ports of the fourth switching element are respectively connected to the input end of the second limiter and the output end of the second power amplifier.

[0015] In an optional embodiment, the coupler includes a third coupler, a fourth coupler and a fifth coupler, the switching network includes a third switching network and a fourth switching network, and the load network includes a third load network, a fourth load network and a fifth load network, then the third switching network includes a fifth switching element and a sixth switching element, and the fourth switching network includes a seventh switching element;

[0016] The coupling port of the third coupler is connected to the common port of the fifth switching element, and the two radio frequency ports of the fifth switching element are respectively connected to the output end of the first low noise amplifier and the input end of the first power amplifier; the through port of the third coupler is connected to the common port of the sixth switching element, and the two radio frequency ports of the sixth switching element are respectively connected to the output end of the second low noise amplifier and the input end of the second power amplifier;

[0017] The output end of the first power amplifier is connected to the through port of the fourth coupler, the output end of the second power amplifier is connected to the coupling port of the fourth coupler, and the output end of the fourth coupler is connected to a radio frequency port of the seventh switching element;

[0018] The input end of the first limiter is connected to the coupling port of the fifth coupler, the input end of the second limiter is connected to the through port of the fifth coupler, and the input end of the fifth coupler is connected to another RF port of the seventh switching element;

[0019] The common port of the seventh switching element is connected to the antenna.

[0020] In an optional embodiment, the coupler includes a sixth coupler, a seventh coupler and an eighth coupler, the switching network includes a fifth switching network, and the load network includes a sixth load network, a seventh load network and an eighth load network, and the fifth switching network includes an eighth switching element and a ninth switching element;

[0021] The through port of the sixth coupler is connected to the input end of the first power amplifier, and the coupling port of the sixth coupler is connected to the input end of the second power amplifier;

[0022] The through port of the seventh coupler is connected to the output end of the first low noise amplifier, and the coupling port of the seventh coupler is connected to the output end of the second low noise amplifier;

[0023] The through port of the eighth coupler is connected to the common port of the eighth switching element, and the two RF ports of the eighth switching element are respectively connected to the input end of the first limiter and the output end of the second power amplifier; the coupling port of the eighth coupler is connected to the common port of the ninth switching element, and the two RF ports of the ninth switching element are respectively connected to the input end of the second limiter and the output end of the first power amplifier.

[0024] In an optional embodiment, each load network is composed of at least one of a resistor, an inductor and a capacitor.

[0025] In a second aspect, a radar system is provided, wherein the radar system includes the balanced RF front-end transceiver circuit as described in the first aspect.

[0026] In a third aspect, a communication system is provided, wherein the communication system includes the balanced RF front-end transceiver circuit as described in the first aspect.

[0027] In a fourth aspect, a method for controlling transceiver of a balanced RF front-end transceiver circuit is provided, which is used in the balanced RF front-end transceiver circuit as described in the first aspect, and the method includes:

[0028] When the coupler includes a first coupler and a second coupler, the switching network includes a first switching network and a second switching network, and the load network includes a first load network and a second load network, if the first switching network and the second switching network are both in a first state, the first coupler, the balanced signal transmitting circuit and the second coupler are connected; if the first switching network and the second switching network are both in a second state, the first coupler, the balanced signal receiving circuit and the second coupler are connected;

[0029] When the coupler includes a third coupler, a fourth coupler and a fifth coupler, the switching network includes a third switching network and a fourth switching network, and the load network includes a third load network, a fourth load network and a fifth load network, if the third switching network and the fourth switching network are both in the first state, the third coupler, the balanced signal transmitting circuit and the fourth coupler are connected; if the third switching network and the fourth switching network are both in the second state, the third coupler, the balanced signal receiving circuit and the fifth coupler are connected;

[0030] When the coupler includes a sixth coupler, a seventh coupler and an eighth coupler, the switching network includes a fifth switching network, and the load network includes a sixth load network, a seventh load network and an eighth load network, if the fifth switching network is in a first state, the sixth coupler, the balanced signal transmitting circuit and the eighth coupler are connected; if the fifth switching network is in a second state, the seventh coupler, the balanced signal receiving circuit and the eighth coupler are connected.

[0031] The beneficial effects of the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention include at least:

[0032] Since the input end of the balanced signal transmitting circuit and the output end of the balanced signal receiving circuit in the balanced RF front-end transceiver circuit are connected to the first coupler, and the output end of the balanced signal transmitting circuit and the input end of the balanced signal receiving circuit are connected to the second coupler, the balanced RF front-end transceiver circuit includes two couplers, which can simplify the circuit complexity, reduce the circuit occupied area and implementation cost without reducing the transceiver performance.

[0033] Since the input end of the balanced signal transmitting circuit and the output end of the balanced signal receiving circuit in the balanced RF front-end transceiver circuit are connected to the third coupler, the output end of the balanced signal transmitting circuit is connected to the fourth coupler, and the input end of the balanced signal receiving circuit is connected to the fifth coupler, the balanced RF front-end transceiver circuit includes three couplers, which can simplify the circuit complexity, reduce the circuit occupied area and implementation cost without reducing the transceiver performance.

[0034] Since the input end of the balanced signal transmitting circuit in the balanced RF front-end transceiver circuit is connected to the sixth coupler, the output end of the balanced signal receiving circuit is connected to the seventh coupler, and the output end of the balanced signal transmitting circuit and the input end of the balanced signal receiving circuit are connected to the eighth coupler, the balanced RF front-end transceiver circuit includes three couplers, which can simplify the circuit complexity, reduce the circuit occupied area and implementation cost without reducing the transceiver performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0036] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a balanced radio frequency front-end transceiver circuit in the prior art;

[0037] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of four ports of a coupler in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a balanced radio frequency front-end transceiver circuit in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a balanced radio frequency front-end transceiver circuit in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a balanced radio frequency front-end transceiver circuit in one embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0042] The balanced RF front-end transceiver circuit in the embodiment of the present invention includes: a coupler, a switching network, a load network, a balanced signal transmitting circuit, a balanced signal receiving circuit and an antenna. The components in the balanced RF front-end transceiver circuit are introduced below.

[0043] The coupler usually includes four ports, namely the RF input and output port, the through port, the coupled port and the isolated port. Please refer to the phase relationship between these four ports. Figure 2 The coupler in this embodiment may be a Lange coupler, a parallel line coupler, etc., which is not limited in this embodiment.

[0044] It should be noted that the balanced RF front-end transceiver circuit may include two or three couplers, and these couplers may be the same or different.

[0045] The switching network is a component used to control the on and off of a circuit. The circuit in this embodiment includes a balanced signal transmitting circuit and a balanced signal receiving circuit, so the switching network can control the balanced signal transmitting circuit to be on and off at the same time; or the switching network can control the balanced signal transmitting circuit to be off and on at the same time.

[0046] It should be noted that the balanced RF front-end transceiver circuit may include multiple switching networks, each of which may include at least one switching element, and these switching elements may be the same or different. In a specific embodiment, the switching element may be a switch element. Of course, the switching element may also be other elements that can control the on and off of the circuit, which is not limited in this embodiment.

[0047] The balanced RF front-end transceiver circuit may include two or three load networks, which may be the same or different.

[0048] The balanced signal transmitting circuit is a signal transmitting circuit that adopts a balanced structure. The circuit structure is described in detail below and will not be described here.

[0049] The balanced signal receiving circuit is a signal receiving circuit that adopts a balanced structure. The circuit structure is described in detail below and will not be described in detail here.

[0050] In this embodiment, there are three connection relationships between various components in the balanced RF front-end transceiver circuit. The three balanced RF front-end transceiver circuits are introduced below respectively.

[0051] 1) In the first balanced RF front-end transceiver circuit, the coupler includes a first coupler and a second coupler, the switching network includes a first switching network and a second switching network, and the load network includes a first load network and a second load network, the input end of the balanced signal transmitting circuit and the output end of the balanced signal receiving circuit are connected to the first coupler through the first switching network, the isolation port of the first coupler is connected to the first load network, the output end of the balanced signal transmitting circuit and the input end of the balanced signal receiving circuit are connected to the second coupler through the second switching network, the isolation port of the second coupler is connected to the second load network, the input and output ends of the second coupler are connected to the antenna, and the input and output ends of the first coupler are the RF input and output ends of the balanced RF front-end transceiver circuit.

[0052] The working principle of the first balanced RF front-end transceiver circuit is introduced below.

[0053] In the transmitting state, the first switching network and the second switching network are both in the first state, and the first coupler, the balanced signal transmitting circuit, and the second coupler are connected. That is, the RF signal passes through the first coupler, the balanced signal transmitting circuit, and the second coupler to reach the antenna and is transmitted through the antenna. In this case, the first coupler, the balanced signal receiving circuit, and the second coupler are disconnected.

[0054] In the receiving state, the first switching network and the second switching network are both in the second state, and the first coupler, the balanced signal receiving circuit and the second coupler are connected. That is, the signal received by the antenna is output through the second coupler, the balanced signal receiving circuit and the first coupler. In this case, the first coupler, the balanced signal transmitting circuit and the second coupler are disconnected. Among them, the first state and the second state are different.

[0055] Since the input end of the balanced signal transmitting circuit and the output end of the balanced signal receiving circuit share the first coupler through the first switching network, and the output end of the balanced signal transmitting circuit and the input end of the balanced signal receiving circuit share the second coupler through the second switching network, the balanced RF front-end transceiver circuit includes two couplers. Compared with the balanced RF front-end transceiver circuit in the prior art that includes four couplers, the number of couplers can be reduced, thereby simplifying the circuit complexity, reducing the circuit occupied area and implementation cost without reducing the transceiver performance.

[0056] 2) In the second balanced RF front-end transceiver circuit, the coupler includes a third coupler, a fourth coupler and a fifth coupler, the switching network includes a third switching network and a fourth switching network, and the load network includes a third load network, a fourth load network and a fifth load network, the input end of the balanced signal transmitting circuit and the output end of the balanced signal receiving circuit are connected to the third coupler through the third switching network, the isolation port of the third coupler is connected to the third load network, the output end of the balanced signal transmitting circuit is connected to the fourth coupler, the isolation port of the fourth coupler is connected to the fourth load network, the input end of the balanced signal receiving circuit is connected to the fifth coupler, the isolation port of the fifth coupler is connected to the fifth load network, the output end of the fourth coupler and the input end of the fifth coupler are connected to the antenna through the fourth switching network, and the input and output ends of the third coupler are the RF input and output ends of the balanced RF front-end transceiver circuit.

[0057] The working principle of the second balanced RF front-end transceiver circuit is introduced below.

[0058] In the transmitting state, the third switching network and the fourth switching network are both in the first state, and the third coupler, the balanced signal transmitting circuit and the fourth coupler are connected. That is, the radio frequency signal passes through the third coupler, the balanced signal transmitting circuit and the fourth coupler to reach the antenna and is transmitted through the antenna. In this case, the third coupler, the balanced signal receiving circuit and the fifth coupler are disconnected.

[0059] In the receiving state, the third switching network and the fourth switching network are both in the second state, and the third coupler, the balanced signal receiving circuit and the fifth coupler are connected. That is, the signal received by the antenna is output through the fifth coupler, the balanced signal receiving circuit and the third coupler. In this case, the third coupler, the balanced signal transmitting circuit and the fourth coupler are disconnected. Among them, the first state and the second state are different.

[0060] Since the input end of the balanced signal transmitting circuit and the output end of the balanced signal receiving circuit share the third coupler through the third switching network, the output end of the balanced signal transmitting circuit is connected to the fourth coupler, and the input end of the balanced signal receiving circuit is connected to the fifth coupler, the balanced RF front-end transceiver circuit includes three couplers. Compared with the balanced RF front-end transceiver circuit in the prior art that includes four couplers, the number of couplers can be reduced, thereby simplifying the circuit complexity, reducing the circuit occupied area and implementation cost without reducing the transceiver performance.

[0061] 3) In the third balanced RF front-end transceiver circuit, the coupler includes a sixth coupler, a seventh coupler and an eighth coupler, the switching network includes a fifth switching network, and the load network includes a sixth load network, a seventh load network and an eighth load network, the input end of the balanced signal transmitting circuit is connected to the sixth coupler, the isolation port of the sixth coupler is connected to the sixth load network, the output end of the balanced signal receiving circuit is connected to the seventh coupler, the isolation port of the seventh coupler is connected to the seventh load network, the output end of the balanced signal transmitting circuit and the input end of the balanced signal receiving circuit are connected to the eighth coupler through the fifth switching network, the isolation port of the eighth coupler is connected to the eighth load network, the input and output ends of the eighth coupler are connected to the antenna, the input end of the sixth coupler is the RF input end of the balanced RF front-end transceiver circuit, and the output end of the seventh coupler is the RF output end of the balanced RF front-end transceiver circuit.

[0062] The working principle of the third balanced RF front-end transceiver circuit is introduced below.

[0063] In the transmitting state, the fifth switching network is in the first state, and the sixth coupler, the balanced signal transmitting circuit and the eighth coupler are connected. That is, the radio frequency signal reaches the antenna through the sixth coupler, the balanced signal transmitting circuit and the eighth coupler, and is transmitted through the antenna. In this case, the eighth coupler, the balanced signal receiving circuit and the seventh coupler are disconnected.

[0064] In the receiving state, the fifth switching network is in the second state, and the seventh coupler, the balanced signal receiving circuit and the eighth coupler are connected. That is, the signal received by the antenna is output through the eighth coupler, the balanced signal receiving circuit and the seventh coupler. In this case, the eighth coupler, the balanced signal transmitting circuit and the sixth coupler are disconnected. Among them, the first state and the second state are different.

[0065] Since the output end of the balanced signal transmitting circuit and the input end of the balanced signal receiving circuit share the eighth coupler through the fifth switching network, the input end of the balanced signal transmitting circuit is connected to the sixth coupler, and the output end of the balanced signal receiving circuit is connected to the seventh coupler, the balanced RF front-end transceiver circuit includes three couplers. Compared with the balanced RF front-end transceiver circuit in the prior art including four couplers, the number of couplers can be reduced, thereby simplifying the circuit complexity, reducing the circuit occupied area and implementation cost without reducing the transceiver performance.

[0066] The balanced signal transmitting circuit in this embodiment includes a first signal transmitting circuit and a second signal transmitting circuit; the first signal transmitting circuit includes a first power amplifier, and the second signal transmitting circuit includes a second power amplifier; the input ends of the first power amplifier and the second power amplifier are the input ends of the balanced signal transmitting circuit, and the output ends of the first power amplifier and the second power amplifier are the output ends of the balanced signal transmitting circuit; the balanced signal receiving circuit includes a first signal receiving circuit and a second signal receiving circuit; the first signal receiving circuit includes a first limiter and a first low-noise amplifier connected in series, and the second signal receiving circuit includes a second limiter and a second low-noise amplifier connected in series; the input ends of the first limiter and the second limiter are the input ends of the balanced signal receiving circuit, and the output ends of the first low-noise amplifier and the second low-noise amplifier are the output ends of the balanced signal receiving circuit.

[0067] Among them, appropriate power amplifiers, limiters and low-noise power amplifiers can be selected according to the application scenarios of the balanced RF front-end transceiver circuit.

[0068] With respect to the above-mentioned balanced signal transmitting circuit and balanced signal receiving circuit, the specific structures of three balanced RF front-end transceiver circuits are introduced below.

[0069] In the first balanced RF front-end transceiver circuit, the coupler includes a first coupler and a second coupler, the switching network includes a first switching network and a second switching network, and the load network includes a first load network and a second load network, the first switching network includes a first switching element and a second switching element, and the second switching network includes a third switching element and a fourth switching element;

[0070] The through port of the first coupler is connected to the common port of the first switching element, and the two radio frequency ports of the first switching element are respectively connected to the output end of the first low noise amplifier and the input end of the first power amplifier; the coupling port of the first coupler is connected to the common port of the second switching element, and the two radio frequency ports of the second switching element are respectively connected to the output end of the second low noise amplifier and the input end of the second power amplifier;

[0071] The coupling port of the second coupler is connected to the common port of the third switching element, and the two RF ports of the third switching element are respectively connected to the input end of the first limiter and the output end of the first power amplifier; the through port of the second coupler is connected to the common port of the fourth switching element, and the two RF ports of the fourth switching element are respectively connected to the input end of the second limiter and the output end of the second power amplifier.

[0072] The isolation port of the first coupler is connected to the first load network, and the isolation port of the second coupler is connected to the second load network. The first load network and the second load network may be the same or different.

[0073] Each load network in this embodiment may be composed of at least one of a resistor, an inductor, and a capacitor. For example, the load network may be composed of a resistor, or, composed of an inductor, or, composed of a capacitor, or, composed of a resistor and a capacitor, or, composed of an inductor and a capacitor, etc. Among them, a suitable load network can be selected according to the application scenario of the balanced RF front-end transceiver circuit.

[0074] If the first coupler is recorded as Coupler1, the second coupler is recorded as Coupler2, the first to fourth switching elements are recorded as switching elements 1-4, the first power amplifier is recorded as PA1, the second power amplifier is recorded as PA2, the first limiter is recorded as Limiter1, the second limiter is recorded as Limiter2, the first low-power amplifier is recorded as LNA1, the second low-power amplifier is recorded as LNA2, and ① of the coupler is recorded as the input end / output end, ② is recorded as the through port, ③ is recorded as the coupling port, ④ is recorded as the isolation port, the first load network is recorded as load network 1, and the second load network is recorded as load network 2, then please refer to Figure 3 The first balanced RF front-end transceiver circuit is shown.

[0075] In the transmitting state, the RF signal is converted into two signals after passing through the RF input and output port of Coupler1. One signal is input to PA1 through switching element 1. After being amplified by PA1, the signal is input to the coupling port of Coupler2 through switching element 3; the other signal is input to PA2 through switching element 2. After being amplified by PA2, the signal is input to the through port of Coupler2 through switching element 4. The two signals are combined into a single signal by Coupler2 and then radiated through the antenna.

[0076] In the receiving state, the signal received by the antenna is converted into two signals through Coupler2, one of which is input into Limiter1 through the coupling port of Coupler2 and switching element 3. After being limited by Limiter1 and amplified by LNA1, the signal is input into switching element 1, and then input into the through port of Coupler1 through switching element 1; the other signal is input into Limiter2 through the through port of Coupler2 and switching element 4. After being limited by Limiter2 and amplified by LNA2, the signal is input into switching element 2, and then input into the coupling port of Coupler1 through switching element 2. The two signals are combined into a single signal by Coupler1 and then output to the RF signal input and output port.

[0077] A second balanced RF front-end transceiver circuit, wherein the coupler comprises a third coupler, a fourth coupler and a fifth coupler, the switching network comprises a third switching network and a fourth switching network, and the load network comprises a third load network, a fourth load network and a fifth load network, the third switching network comprises a fifth switching element and a sixth switching element, and the fourth switching network comprises a seventh switching element;

[0078] The coupling port of the third coupler is connected to the common port of the fifth switching element, and the two radio frequency ports of the fifth switching element are respectively connected to the output end of the first low noise amplifier and the input end of the first power amplifier; the through port of the third coupler is connected to the common port of the sixth switching element, and the two radio frequency ports of the sixth switching element are respectively connected to the output end of the second low noise amplifier and the input end of the second power amplifier;

[0079] The output end of the first power amplifier is connected to the through port of the fourth coupler, the output end of the second power amplifier is connected to the coupling port of the fourth coupler, and the output end of the fourth coupler is connected to a radio frequency port of the seventh switching element;

[0080] The input end of the first limiter is connected to the coupling port of the fifth coupler, the input end of the second limiter is connected to the through port of the fifth coupler, and the input end of the fifth coupler is connected to another RF port of the seventh switching element;

[0081] The common port of the seventh switching element is connected to the antenna.

[0082] Among them, the isolation port of the third coupler is connected to the third load network, the isolation port of the fourth coupler is connected to the fourth load network, and the isolation port of the fifth coupler is connected to the fifth load network. The structure of each load network is detailed in the description of the first balanced RF front-end transceiver circuit.

[0083] If the third to fifth couplers are recorded as Coupler3-5, the fifth to seventh switching elements are recorded as switching elements 5-7, the first power amplifier is recorded as PA1, the second power amplifier is recorded as PA2, the first limiter is recorded as Limiter1, the second limiter is recorded as Limiter2, the first low-power amplifier is recorded as LNA1, the second low-power amplifier is recorded as LNA2, and the ① of the coupler is recorded as the input end / output end, ② is recorded as the through port, ③ is recorded as the coupling port, ④ is recorded as the isolation port, and the third to fifth load networks are recorded as load networks 3-5, then please refer to Figure 4 The second balanced RF front-end transceiver circuit is shown.

[0084] In the transmitting state, the RF signal is converted into two signals after passing through the RF input and output ports of Coupler 3. One signal is input to PA1 through the switching element 5, and the signal is input to the through port of Coupler 4 after being amplified by PA1; the other signal is input to PA2 through the switching element 6, and the signal is input to the coupling port of coupler 4 after being amplified by PA2. The two signals are combined into a single signal by Coupler 4, and the single signal output from the output port of Coupler 4 is input to the antenna through the switching element 7, and then radiated through the antenna.

[0085] In the receiving state, the signal received by the antenna is input to the input end of Coupler5 through the switching element 7, and is converted into two signals through Coupler5, one of which is input to Limiter1 through the coupling port of Coupler5, and the signal is input to the switching element 5 after being limited by Limiter1 and amplified by LNA1, and is input to the coupling port of Coupler3 through the switching element 5; the other signal is input to Limiter2 through the through port of Coupler5, and the signal is input to the switching element 6 after being limited by Limiter2 and amplified by LNA2, and is input to the through port of Coupler3 through the switching element 6, and the two signals are combined into a single signal by Coupler3 and output to the RF signal input and output port.

[0086] A third balanced RF front-end transceiver circuit, wherein the coupler comprises a sixth coupler, a seventh coupler and an eighth coupler, the switching network comprises a fifth switching network, and the load network comprises a sixth load network, a seventh load network and an eighth load network, and the fifth switching network comprises an eighth switching element and a ninth switching element;

[0087] The through port of the sixth coupler is connected to the input end of the first power amplifier, and the coupling port of the sixth coupler is connected to the input end of the second power amplifier;

[0088] The through port of the seventh coupler is connected to the output end of the first low noise amplifier, and the coupling port of the seventh coupler is connected to the output end of the second low noise amplifier;

[0089] The through port of the eighth coupler is connected to the common port of the eighth switching element, and the two RF ports of the eighth switching element are respectively connected to the input end of the first limiter and the output end of the second power amplifier; the coupling port of the eighth coupler is connected to the common port of the ninth switching element, and the two RF ports of the ninth switching element are respectively connected to the input end of the second limiter and the output end of the first power amplifier.

[0090] Among them, the isolation port of the sixth coupler is connected to the sixth load network, the isolation port of the seventh coupler is connected to the seventh load network, and the isolation port of the eighth coupler is connected to the eighth load network. The structure of each load network is detailed in the description of the first balanced RF front-end transceiver circuit.

[0091] If the sixth to eighth couplers are recorded as Coupler6-8, the eighth to ninth switching elements are recorded as switching elements 8-9, the first power amplifier is recorded as PA1, the second power amplifier is recorded as PA2, the first limiter is recorded as Limiter1, the second limiter is recorded as Limiter2, the first low-power amplifier is recorded as LNA1, the second low-power amplifier is recorded as LNA2, and the coupler ① is recorded as the input end / output end, ② is recorded as the through port, ③ is recorded as the coupling port, ④ is recorded as the isolation port, and the sixth to eighth load networks are recorded as load networks 6-8, then please refer to Figure 5 The third balanced RF front-end transceiver circuit is shown.

[0092] In the transmitting state, the RF signal is converted into two signals after passing through the input port of Coupler6. One signal is input to PA1 through the through port of Coupler6. After being amplified by PA1, the signal is input to the coupling port of Coupler8 through the switching element 9; the other signal is input to PA2 through the coupling port of Coupler6. After being amplified by PA2, the signal is output to the through port of Coupler8 through the switching element 8. The two signals are combined into a single signal by Coupler8 and then radiated through the antenna.

[0093] In the receiving state, the signal received by the antenna is converted into two signals through Coupler8, one of which is input to Limiter1 through the through port of Coupler8 and the switching element 8. After being limited by Limiter1 and amplified by LNA1, the signal is input to the through port of Coupler7; the other signal is input to Limiter2 through the coupling port of Coupler8 and the switching element 9. After being limited by Limiter2 and amplified by LNA2, the signal is input to the coupling port of Coupler7. The two signals are combined into a single signal by Coupler7 and output to the output port of Coupler7.

[0094] It should be noted that the above three balanced RF front-end transceiver circuits can be implemented by on-chip integration technology or discrete component technology. When on-chip integration technology is used, it can be implemented by processes such as gallium arsenide (GaAs) or complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS). When discrete component technology is used, each component in the balanced RF front-end transceiver circuit can be regarded as a chip and integrated into a subsystem or module in a block diagram through micro-assembly.

[0095] In one embodiment, this embodiment further provides a radar system, the radar system comprising: Figures 3 to 5 Any of the balanced RF front-end transceiver circuits shown.

[0096] The radar system may include a phased array component, which includes: Figures 3 to 5 Any of the balanced RF front-end transceiver circuits shown.

[0097] In one embodiment, this embodiment further provides a communication system, the communication system comprising: Figures 3 to 5 Any of the balanced RF front-end transceiver circuits shown.

[0098] The communication system may include a phased array component, the phased array component includes: Figures 3 to 5 Any of the balanced RF front-end transceiver circuits shown.

[0099] A person skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps to implement the above embodiments may be accomplished by hardware or by instructing related hardware through a program, and the program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and the above-mentioned storage medium may be a read-only memory, a disk or an optical disk, etc.

[0100] The above description is not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the embodiments of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A balanced RF front-end transceiver circuit, characterized in that: The balanced RF front-end transceiver circuit includes: a coupler, a switching network, a load network, a balanced signal transmitting circuit, a balanced signal receiving circuit and an antenna. The coupler includes four ports, namely, a RF input / output port, a through port, a coupling port and an isolation port. The coupler is used to convert a signal input from the RF input / output port into two signals and then output them from the through port and the coupling port, or the coupler is used to combine the two signals input from the through port and the coupling port into a single signal and then output it from the RF input / output port. The coupler includes a first coupler and a second coupler, the switching network includes a first switching network and a second switching network, and the load network includes a first load network and a second load network, the input end of the balanced signal transmitting circuit and the output end of the balanced signal receiving circuit are connected to the first coupler through the first switching network, the isolation port of the first coupler is connected to the first load network, the output end of the balanced signal transmitting circuit and the input end of the balanced signal receiving circuit are connected to the second coupler through the second switching network, the isolation port of the second coupler is connected to the second load network, the input and output ends of the second coupler are connected to the antenna, and the input and output ends of the first coupler are the RF input and output ends of the balanced RF front-end transceiver circuit; or, The coupler includes a third coupler, a fourth coupler and a fifth coupler, the switching network includes a third switching network and a fourth switching network, and the load network includes a third load network, a fourth load network and a fifth load network, the input end of the balanced signal transmitting circuit and the output end of the balanced signal receiving circuit are connected to the third coupler through the third switching network, the isolation port of the third coupler is connected to the third load network, the output end of the balanced signal transmitting circuit is connected to the fourth coupler, the isolation port of the fourth coupler is connected to the fourth load network, the input end of the balanced signal receiving circuit is connected to the fifth coupler, the isolation port of the fifth coupler is connected to the fifth load network, the output end of the fourth coupler and the input end of the fifth coupler are connected to the antenna through the fourth switching network, and the input and output ends of the third coupler are the RF input and output ends of the balanced RF front-end transceiver circuit; or, The coupler includes a sixth coupler, a seventh coupler and an eighth coupler, the switching network includes a fifth switching network, and the load network includes a sixth load network, a seventh load network and an eighth load network, the input end of the balanced signal transmitting circuit is connected to the sixth coupler, the isolation port of the sixth coupler is connected to the sixth load network, the output end of the balanced signal receiving circuit is connected to the seventh coupler, the isolation port of the seventh coupler is connected to the seventh load network, the output end of the balanced signal transmitting circuit and the input end of the balanced signal receiving circuit are connected to the eighth coupler through the fifth switching network, the isolation port of the eighth coupler is connected to the eighth load network, the input and output ends of the eighth coupler are connected to the antenna, the input end of the sixth coupler is the RF input end of the balanced RF front-end transceiver circuit, and the output end of the seventh coupler is the RF output end of the balanced RF front-end transceiver circuit.

2. The balanced RF front-end transceiver circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The balanced signal transmitting circuit includes a first signal transmitting circuit and a second signal transmitting circuit; the first signal transmitting circuit includes a first power amplifier, and the second signal transmitting circuit includes a second power amplifier; the input ends of the first power amplifier and the second power amplifier are the input ends of the balanced signal transmitting circuit, and the output ends of the first power amplifier and the second power amplifier are the output ends of the balanced signal transmitting circuit; The balanced signal receiving circuit includes a first signal receiving circuit and a second signal receiving circuit; the first signal receiving circuit includes a first limiter and a first low-noise amplifier connected in series, and the second signal receiving circuit includes a second limiter and a second low-noise amplifier connected in series; the input ends of the first limiter and the second limiter are the input ends of the balanced signal receiving circuit, and the output ends of the first low-noise amplifier and the second low-noise amplifier are the output ends of the balanced signal receiving circuit.

3. The balanced RF front-end transceiver circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The coupler includes a first coupler and a second coupler, the switching network includes a first switching network and a second switching network, and the load network includes a first load network and a second load network, the first switching network includes a first switching element and a second switching element, and the second switching network includes a third switching element and a fourth switching element; The through port of the first coupler is connected to the common port of the first switching element, and the two radio frequency ports of the first switching element are respectively connected to the output end of the first low noise amplifier and the input end of the first power amplifier; the coupling port of the first coupler is connected to the common port of the second switching element, and the two radio frequency ports of the second switching element are respectively connected to the output end of the second low noise amplifier and the input end of the second power amplifier; The coupling port of the second coupler is connected to the common port of the third switching element, and the two RF ports of the third switching element are respectively connected to the input end of the first limiter and the output end of the first power amplifier; the through port of the second coupler is connected to the common port of the fourth switching element, and the two RF ports of the fourth switching element are respectively connected to the input end of the second limiter and the output end of the second power amplifier.

4. The balanced RF front-end transceiver circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The coupler includes a third coupler, a fourth coupler and a fifth coupler, the switching network includes a third switching network and a fourth switching network, and the load network includes a third load network, a fourth load network and a fifth load network, then the third switching network includes a fifth switching element and a sixth switching element, and the fourth switching network includes a seventh switching element; The coupling port of the third coupler is connected to the common port of the fifth switching element, and the two radio frequency ports of the fifth switching element are respectively connected to the output end of the first low noise amplifier and the input end of the first power amplifier; the through port of the third coupler is connected to the common port of the sixth switching element, and the two radio frequency ports of the sixth switching element are respectively connected to the output end of the second low noise amplifier and the input end of the second power amplifier; The output end of the first power amplifier is connected to the through port of the fourth coupler, the output end of the second power amplifier is connected to the coupling port of the fourth coupler, and the output end of the fourth coupler is connected to a radio frequency port of the seventh switching element; The input end of the first limiter is connected to the coupling port of the fifth coupler, the input end of the second limiter is connected to the through port of the fifth coupler, and the input end of the fifth coupler is connected to another RF port of the seventh switching element; The common port of the seventh switching element is connected to the antenna.

5. The balanced RF front-end transceiver circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The coupler includes a sixth coupler, a seventh coupler and an eighth coupler, the switching network includes a fifth switching network, and the load network includes a sixth load network, a seventh load network and an eighth load network, and the fifth switching network includes an eighth switching element and a ninth switching element; The through port of the sixth coupler is connected to the input end of the first power amplifier, and the coupling port of the sixth coupler is connected to the input end of the second power amplifier; The through port of the seventh coupler is connected to the output end of the first low noise amplifier, and the coupling port of the seventh coupler is connected to the output end of the second low noise amplifier; The through port of the eighth coupler is connected to the common port of the eighth switching element, and the two RF ports of the eighth switching element are respectively connected to the input end of the first limiter and the output end of the second power amplifier; the coupling port of the eighth coupler is connected to the common port of the ninth switching element, and the two RF ports of the ninth switching element are respectively connected to the input end of the second limiter and the output end of the first power amplifier.

6. The balanced RF front-end transceiver circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: Each load network is composed of at least one of a resistor, an inductor, and a capacitor.

7. A radar system, characterized in that: The radar system comprises a balanced radio frequency front-end transceiver circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. A communication system, characterized in that: The communication system comprises a balanced radio frequency front-end transceiver circuit as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. A method for controlling transceiver of a balanced RF front-end transceiver circuit, characterized in that: Used in a balanced radio frequency front-end transceiver circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 6, the method comprising: When the coupler includes a first coupler and a second coupler, the switching network includes a first switching network and a second switching network, and the load network includes a first load network and a second load network, if the first switching network and the second switching network are both in a first state, the first coupler, the balanced signal transmitting circuit and the second coupler are connected; if the first switching network and the second switching network are both in a second state, the first coupler, the balanced signal receiving circuit and the second coupler are connected; When the coupler includes a third coupler, a fourth coupler and a fifth coupler, the switching network includes a third switching network and a fourth switching network, and the load network includes a third load network, a fourth load network and a fifth load network, if the third switching network and the fourth switching network are both in the first state, the third coupler, the balanced signal transmitting circuit and the fourth coupler are connected; if the third switching network and the fourth switching network are both in the second state, the third coupler, the balanced signal receiving circuit and the fifth coupler are connected; When the coupler includes a sixth coupler, a seventh coupler and an eighth coupler, the switching network includes a fifth switching network, and the load network includes a sixth load network, a seventh load network and an eighth load network, if the fifth switching network is in a first state, the sixth coupler, the balanced signal transmitting circuit and the eighth coupler are connected; if the fifth switching network is in a second state, the seventh coupler, the balanced signal receiving circuit and the eighth coupler are connected.

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