A battery management system for energy storage batteries that can be connected in parallel or in series

Abstract

The present invention discloses a battery management system for energy storage batteries that can be connected in parallel or in series, characterized in that it includes a battery pack composed of batteries connected in series or in parallel, the battery pack includes a battery pack PACK and a battery management system BMS, the BMS includes: an insulated gate bipolar transistor IGBT and a single-chip microcomputer MCU connected by signals; a metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor MOSFET for controlling the external on and off of the low-voltage side of the battery pack; and two signals ID1 and ID2 connected to the two output signals of the MCU to determine the working mode of the battery pack. The present invention can solve the problem that a single battery pack cannot be exported and transported through series-parallel and mixed-connection applications, can reduce the cost of a single standard product, and can also replace a single pack at any time, which is convenient for expansion and after-sales upgrade and maintenance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of energy storage batteries, and in particular relates to a battery management system for energy storage batteries that can be connected in parallel or in series. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of science and technology, energy storage lithium batteries are increasingly used in life, especially in household energy storage systems. At present, due to the structure and voltage platform, the design of household energy storage is mostly customized whole package products, which makes it difficult to form a large-scale cost advantage. In addition, single battery packs are prohibited from export and transportation without additional protection. In the existing design BCU+BMU two-level architecture, a single BMU cannot protect the battery pack and must be clustered to have the corresponding protection function. This undoubtedly increases the difficulty of after-sales maintenance and is not convenient for customers to DIY. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a battery management system for energy storage batteries that can be connected in parallel or in series. The problem that single battery packs cannot be exported and transported is solved through series, parallel and mixed applications, thereby reducing the price of single standard products. At the same time, single packs can be replaced at any time, which is convenient for expansion and after-sales upgrade and maintenance.

[0004] To this end, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] A battery management system for energy storage batteries that can be connected in parallel or in series, comprising a battery pack composed of batteries connected in series or in parallel, the battery pack comprising a battery pack PACK and a battery management system BMS, the BMS comprising:

[0006] Insulated gate bipolar transistor IGBT and microcontroller MCU connected by signals;

[0007] The metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor MOSFET is used to control the on / off of the low voltage side of the battery pack; the two signals ID1 and ID2 connected with the two output signals of the MCU can determine the working mode of the battery pack.

[0008] The battery pack can be connected by ID1 and ID2 to form a single pack, double packs in series, multiple packs in parallel and mixed applications. It can solve the problem that a single battery pack cannot be exported and transported, and is convenient for single pack replacement and expansion at any time.

[0009] Preferably, MOSFET uses an integrated driver chip to control the relay, and an integrated driver chip is used in the BMS to control the relay MOS tube and IGBT, which can facilitate the packaging and transportation of the battery pack.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment, the MCU part can be powered by external isolation and DCDC, or by internal isolation and DCDC. Isolating the MCU part can effectively reduce signal interference.

[0011] As a preference, the battery pack PACK is provided with a custom wiring harness that can be customized according to different scenarios. There is a proprietary custom wiring harness on the outside of the package, which is customized according to different scenarios to determine the specific connection topology.

[0012] Preferably, ID1 and ID2 are connected to the corresponding VCC and GND circuits, and the output pins of ID1 and ID2 can be output or read. The output pins of ID1 and ID2 can output or read the high and low potentials of ID1 and ID2, and the working mode of the battery pack can be judged by the high and low potentials. Among them, when ID1 and ID2 are both low potentials, the battery pack is in sleep / transportation mode; when ID1 is low potential and ID2 is high potential, the battery pack is in host mode; when ID1 is high potential and ID2 is low potential, the battery pack is in slave series mode; when ID1 and ID2 are both high potentials, the battery pack is in slave parallel mode.

[0013] As a preferred option, ID1 and ID2 in a separate package come with a 100K weak pull-down resistor, the MOSFET is disconnected, and the battery panel has no voltage or current output. The two signals have their own weak pull-down, which can stabilize the port voltage and pull the voltage down, making it easier for the BMS to enter sleep mode.

[0014] Preferably, when the battery packs are used in series, parallel or mixed connection, the battery management system devices communicate through isolated CAN networking, which can effectively reduce communication interference.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0016] The present invention can solve the problem that a single battery pack cannot be exported and transported through series, parallel and hybrid applications, which can reduce the cost of a single standard product, and can also replace a single pack at any time, which is convenient for expansion and after-sales upgrade and maintenance. The present invention solves various household energy storage scenarios within 110V by making a standard pack in series and parallel. Subsequent after-sales only requires maintenance of a single battery pack, which reduces after-sales costs.

[0017] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be embodied in part through the following description, and in part will be understood by those skilled in the art through study and practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a separate package architecture of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a double-pack series circuit diagram of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a multi-pack parallel circuit diagram of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 It is the circuit diagram of the hybrid application of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0023] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, a battery management system for energy storage batteries that can be connected in parallel or in series includes a battery pack composed of batteries connected in series or in parallel. The battery pack includes a battery pack PACK and a battery management system BMS. The BMS includes:

[0024] Insulated gate bipolar transistor IGBT and microcontroller MCU connected by signals;

[0025] The metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor MOSFET is used to control the on / off of the low voltage side of the battery pack; the two signals ID1 and ID2 connected with the two output signals of the MCU can determine the working mode of the battery pack.

[0026] The battery pack can be connected to ID1 and ID2 to form a single pack, double packs in series, multiple packs in parallel, and mixed applications. This can solve the problem that a single battery pack cannot be exported and transported, and facilitate single pack replacement and expansion at any time.

[0027] In this embodiment, the MOSFET uses an integrated driver chip to control the relay, and the integrated driver chip is used in the BMS to control the relay MOS tube and IGBT, which can facilitate the packaging and transportation of the battery pack.

[0028] In this embodiment, the MCU part can be powered by external isolation and DCDC, or by internal isolation and DCDC. Isolating the MCU part can effectively reduce signal interference.

[0029] In this embodiment, the battery pack PACK is provided with a customized wiring harness that can be customized according to different scenarios. The package has a proprietary customized wiring harness outside, which is customized according to different scenarios to determine the specific connection topology.

[0030] In this embodiment, ID1 and ID2 are connected to the corresponding VCC and GND circuits, and the output pins of ID1 and ID2 can be output or read. The output pins of ID1 and ID2 can output or read the high and low potentials of ID1 and ID2, and the working mode of the battery pack can be judged by the high and low potentials. Among them, when ID1 and ID2 are both low potentials, the battery pack is in sleep / transportation mode; when ID1 is low potential and ID2 is high potential, the battery pack is in host mode; when ID1 is high potential and ID2 is low potential, the battery pack is in slave series mode; when ID1 and ID2 are both high potentials, the battery pack is in slave parallel mode.

[0031] In this embodiment, when the battery packs are used in series, parallel or mixed connection, the battery management system devices communicate mainly through isolated CAN networking, so as to effectively reduce communication interference.

[0032] The following is a detailed introduction to determining the working mode of the battery pack through the high and low potentials of the two signals ID1 and ID2 in this embodiment.

[0033] The working modes are shown in Table 1.

[0034] Table 1

[0035] Sleep / Ship Mode Host Mode Slave Series Mode Slave parallel mode ID1 Low Low high high ID2 Low high Low high

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, during transportation, battery pack removal, and sleep, ID1 and ID2 have their own 100K weak pull-down resistors, the BMS enters sleep mode, the MOSFET is disconnected, and the battery panel has no voltage or current output.

[0037] like Figure 2 As shown, after being connected in series, connect the wiring harness and connect ID1 or ID2 to VCC through the 10K resistor on the board, where the highest side battery pack is connected to ID2 and other battery boards are connected to ID1. At this time, the highest side battery pack is configured as the host and other battery packs are configured as slaves. The master and slave and external devices communicate through isolated CAN networking. In household energy storage applications within 110V, there is no need to configure additional external relays, and the battery cluster can be directly protected through the MOSFET in the slave BMS. If an external relay needs to be added, the relay is controlled by the master BMS.

[0038] like Figure 3 As shown in the figure, when used in parallel, ID1 is low potential, ID2 is high potential for the master BMS, and other ID1 and ID2 are pulled high for the slave. In some applications, the master and slave can also be identified by the order of access to the wiring harness. At this time, the master and slave and external devices still communicate directly through the isolated CAN network. According to specific needs and strategies, it is determined whether to configure additional relays to be directly controlled by the master BMS, or the master BMS sends instructions to control the master and slave BMS for protection.

[0039] like Figure 4 As shown, when hybrid is used, the topology is as shown in the attached figure. ID1 is low potential, ID2 is high potential for the master BMS, ID1 and ID2 are high for slave 1 BMS, and other ID1 is high and ID2 is low for slave 2 BMS. At this time, it is a three-level architecture. The master BMS communicates with the slave 1 BMS through the isolated CAN network. After the address of the slave 1 BMS is assigned, the slave 1 BMS sends a signal through ID2 to determine the corresponding slave address of each cluster. In the hybrid application, the external relay is controlled by the master BMS.

[0040] The specific embodiments described herein are merely examples of the spirit of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or replace them in similar ways, but they will not deviate from the spirit of the present invention or exceed the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A battery management system for energy storage batteries that can be connected in parallel or in series, characterized in that: The invention comprises a battery pack composed of batteries connected in series or in parallel, wherein the battery pack comprises a battery pack PACK and a battery management system BMS, wherein the BMS comprises: Insulated gate bipolar transistor IGBT and microcontroller MCU connected by signals; The metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor MOSFET used to control the on / off of the low voltage side of the battery pack; the two signals ID1 and ID2 connected with the two output signals of the MCU to determine the working mode of the battery pack; The battery pack is connected by ID1 and ID2 to form a single pack, two packs in series, multiple packs in parallel or mixed application; The MOSFET uses an integrated driver chip to control the relay; The MCU part is powered by external isolation and DCDC; or powered by internal isolation and DCDC; During transportation, battery pack removal, and sleep, ID1 and ID2 have built-in 100K weak pull-down resistors, the BMS enters sleep mode, the MOSFET is disconnected, and the battery panel has no voltage or current output; The ID1 and ID2 output pins output or read the high and low potentials of ID1 and ID2, and the working mode of the battery pack is determined by the high and low potentials.

2. A battery management system for energy storage batteries that can be connected in parallel or in series according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery pack PACK is provided with a customized wiring harness customized according to different scenarios on the outside.

3. A battery management system for energy storage batteries that can be connected in parallel or in series according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ID1 and ID2 are connected to corresponding VCC and GND circuits, and the output pins of ID1 and ID2 are output or read.

4. A battery management system for energy storage batteries that can be connected in parallel or in series according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery management system devices communicate with each other via isolated CAN networking.

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