Piston assembly for a novel engine and novel engine

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of engine technology, a piston assembly for a new engine and a new engine, the assembly includes a piston and a variable hollow valve, a cross support frame is provided in the middle of the piston, a valve through hole is provided in the middle of the cross support frame, a plurality of matching protrusions are provided on the cross support frame, a valve seat is provided on the piston between the matching ends with the variable hollow valve, the variable hollow valve includes a hollow valve and a valve stem, a first annular groove is provided in the middle of the hollow valve, a plurality of first air release through holes are provided in the first annular groove, a second annular groove is provided in the middle of the first annular groove, and a plurality of matching through holes are provided in the second annular groove. A plurality of matching protrusions are provided with a center valve seat through a plurality of matching through holes, and a hollow sealing ring is also provided on the first annular groove. The advantages of this patent are that it facilitates cleaner exhaust, reduces mechanical friction, time-controlled intake valve, variable compression ratio, improves thermal efficiency and power, and uses two-stroke linear internal combustion engine exhaust Atkinson technology.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of engines, and in particular to a piston assembly for a novel engine and a novel engine. Background Art

[0002] Engine is a machine that can convert other forms of energy into mechanical energy, including internal combustion engines, external combustion engines, electric motors, etc. For example, internal combustion engines usually convert chemical energy into mechanical energy. Engine can be applied to power generation devices, or it can refer to the entire machine including the power device.

[0003] Currently, most automobile engines on the market are four-stroke engines, but a new Israeli engine has been launched. This engine is a two-stroke engine. The principle is that a piston moves back and forth in the cylinder, causing the internal gas to compress and ignite to do work, thereby converting chemical energy into mechanical energy through back and forth compression ignition. The piston drives the main shaft to move in a straight line, which in turn drives the linear engine to generate electricity. The two-stroke linear compression ignition piston engine can save fuel and ultimately enable the car to travel more distance.

[0004] However, this single-cylinder engine has the following problems: (1) The piston burns gasoline at both ends to perform work, and oil injection lubrication cannot be achieved. It can only be lubricated by mixing engine oil in gasoline, resulting in high cost of use, engine oil combustion during emission, and poor emission; (2) The piston ring needs to pass through the intake valve, which increases friction and makes the piston ring less durable; (3) Since the combustion chambers on both sides of the piston share one intake valve, when compressing the gas on the other side, the intake valve is opened, resulting in the loss of high pressure in its own cylinder, causing power loss; (4) The intake valve of the Israeli engine cannot be timed, and the Atkinson technology cannot be used, so energy saving cannot be achieved. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems of the above-mentioned existing engines and to provide a piston assembly and a new engine for a new engine that are easy to lubricate with oil, have low mechanical friction of the piston ring, effectively control the intake volume, create conditions for the use of Atkinson technology by controlling the hollow variable valve switch, improve thermal efficiency and power, and save energy.

[0006] For the purpose of the present invention, the following technical solutions are adopted to achieve the goal:

[0007] A new type of piston assembly for an engine, characterized in that the assembly includes a piston and a variable hollow valve, a cross support frame is provided in the middle of the piston, a valve through hole is provided in the middle of the cross support frame, a plurality of matching protrusions are regularly arranged on the cross support frame and located on the circumferential outer side of the valve through hole, an arc-shaped concave surface is provided on the inner side of each matching protrusion, and a plurality of arc-shaped concave surfaces are connected to form a circle matching the valve through hole; a valve seat is provided on the piston between the matching end with the variable hollow valve, the variable hollow valve includes a hollow valve and a valve stem, the valve stem is located in the valve through hole; and the outer end of the valve stem passes through the valve through hole and is fixedly connected to the inner end of the middle part of the hollow valve, and the inner end face of the hollow valve matches the valve seat A first annular groove is provided in the middle of the hollow valve, and a plurality of first venting holes are arranged regularly in the outer circle of the first annular groove, a second annular groove is provided in the middle of the first annular groove, and an annular slope is provided between the first annular groove and the second annular groove, and a plurality of second venting holes are arranged regularly in the circumference at the junction of the annular slope and the second annular groove, and the second annular groove is provided with a plurality of matching through holes matching with a plurality of matching protrusions, and a plurality of matching protrusions are provided with a center valve seat through a plurality of matching through holes, and the center valve seat is arranged in the second annular groove, and a hollow sealing ring is also provided on the first annular groove, and a ventilation gap is provided between the inner side of the hollow sealing ring and the first annular groove. When the hollow variable valve is opened, air is taken in together with the edge of the hollow valve, so as to prevent the vortex caused by the intake of air at the valve edge, so as to increase the intake flow and make the exhaust gas discharge cleaner.

[0008] Preferably, the outer ends of the four support rods of the cross support frame are all provided with inclined guide blocks; the multiple first venting holes and the multiple second venting holes are arranged in a ring shape, the number of matching holes is four, and two third venting holes are arranged between any two adjacent matching holes. The four inclined guide blocks are inclined in one direction, and the piston generates axial tumble during air intake. The piston and the hollow variable valve are axially positioned to prevent the piston protrusion from rubbing against the valve, and the exhaust volume is increased through multiple holes to improve the exhaust effect.

[0009] Preferably, the assembly further comprises a piston connecting pipe, the piston is fixedly connected to the end of the piston connecting pipe, the valve stem passes through the valve through hole of the piston and is connected to an electromagnetic valve coil, and the electromagnetic valve coil is used to control the variable hollow valve to move between the center valve seat and the piston. The electromagnetic valve coil facilitates faster and more effective control of the opening and closing of the hollow variable valve.

[0010] Preferably, the upper and lower sides of the bottom surface of the piston are respectively provided with a lubrication inlet and a lubrication outlet, and the upper and lower support rods of the cross support frame are both provided with lubrication channels, which are connected and symmetrically arranged, and the top of the upper lubrication channel and the lower end of the lower lubrication channel are respectively connected with the lubrication inlet and the lubrication outlet, and the width of the upper lubrication channel gradually decreases from top to bottom, and a valve stem guide sleeve is provided between the lubrication channel and the valve stem, an oil nozzle is provided outside the lubrication inlet, and an oil return groove is provided below the lubrication outlet. By lubricating with oil, the hollow variable valve can move back and forth better, reduce friction, and take away heat.

[0011] A novel engine, the engine comprises an outer shell, a sealed cabin cylinder body and the above-mentioned piston assembly, the piston assembly comprises a piston connecting pipe, two pistons and two variable hollow valves; the two pistons are connected to the two ends of the piston connecting pipe, and the two variable hollow valves are respectively located in the middle of the two pistons; the sealed cabin cylinder body is located in the middle of the outer shell, an air intake main pipeline is arranged on the upper part of the sealed cabin cylinder body, the bottom of the air intake main pipeline is connected to two air intake branch pipelines, the two air intake branch pipelines lead to the left and right sides respectively, a plurality of exhaust ports are arranged on both ends of the outer shell, the piston connecting pipe Located in the middle of the sealed cabin cylinder body, the piston connecting pipe moves back and forth in the sealed cabin cylinder body through back and forth combustion. Multiple air inlet holes are arranged on the left and right sides of the piston connecting pipe. The gas entering from the air inlet branch pipe enters the air inlet holes of the piston connecting pipe. An electromagnetic driving module is arranged in the middle of the piston connecting pipe. The electromagnetic driving module includes multiple permanent magnets and multiple groups of stator coil groups. The permanent magnet is sleeved in the middle of the piston connecting pipe, and the stator coil group is fixed in the sealed cabin cylinder body. The stator coil group cooperates with the permanent magnet to drive the piston connecting pipe to move left and right in the outer shell when it is just started.

[0012] Preferably, an electronic ruler is provided on the piston connecting pipe, and a power transmission spring is provided in the sealed cabin cylinder below the piston connecting pipe; and a plurality of deflagration detection heads and a plurality of temperature control probes are also provided on the outer shell. The electronic ruler is used to judge the distance between the piston and the two ends of the outer shell, and the deflagration detection head and the temperature control probe are used to detect the ignition condition and the temperature condition.

[0013] As a preferred method, the engine adopts the Atkinson cycle mode by controlling the variable center air valve switch intake, which is convenient for exhaust gas to be discharged more thoroughly and cleanly, thereby more effectively improving the combustion efficiency.

[0014] Preferably, spark plugs are provided at both ends of the engine, and ignition is performed by the spark plugs, so as to better control the ignition.

[0015] As a preferred method, each exhaust port is switched on and off by an electromagnetic exhaust valve, which makes the switch more responsive, increases the exhaust flow rate, and facilitates exhaust gas discharge during intake, while using Atkinson technology.

[0016] A method for using a new type of engine, which is carried out in sequence through the following steps: an engine starting procedure, first turning on the compressor and the lubricating oil pump, when just starting, a signal is sent to the electromagnetic drive module through the power transmission spring, the gas is compressed into the air intake main pipe of the sealed cabin cylinder body through the compressor, and enters the air intake hole of the piston connecting pipe through the air intake branch pipe, and the variable hollow valve enters the combustion chamber. At this time, the exhaust ports at both ends are opened, and the variable hollow valves at both ends are opened. After the air is taken in, the exhaust ports and the variable hollow valve are closed, and oil is sprayed on both sides, driving the piston connecting pipe to oscillate back and forth. After the compressed gas is heated up, when the right cylinder is ignited by the spark plug for combustion, the deflagration detector detects a signal, and the four left The exhaust port is opened by the electromagnetic exhaust port. Due to the inertia of the fluid, the combustion chamber enters a state close to negative pressure. There is back pressure on the left variable hollow valve, and the valve is hollow. The force acting on the combustion chamber surface is reduced. When moving to the left, the inertial force on the variable hollow valve is instantly offset on the piston. The left variable hollow valve receives the signal and opens, and the intake continues to discharge the exhaust gas from the combustion chamber. In the middle of the stroke or two-fifths of the stroke, the left exhaust port is closed, and the left variable hollow valve is also closed. The right piston drives the linear motor to generate electricity, and the left combustion chamber is made through the same principle. The right piston drives the linear motor to generate electricity, the right exhaust port is opened, and the right variable hollow valve is opened, and the combustion cycle is repeated back and forth to provide power.

[0017] A piston assembly and a new engine for a new engine adopt the above technical solution. The new engine sprays oil into the lubrication channel through an oil nozzle, which helps to improve the opening and closing smoothness of the hollow variable valve, reduce friction loss, cool the temperature of the piston and the hollow valve, and improve the service life of the piston ring; a valve through hole is provided in the middle of the piston, which is convenient for opening or closing the hollow variable valve, thereby better controlling the working effect; the hollow variable valve is provided with multiple venting through holes, which is convenient for better exhaust and prevents vortexes caused by air intake at the edge of the valve, making the exhaust gas cleaner; the compression ratio is high, and the Atkinson technology is used to compress a certain distance and work through the entire process to achieve energy saving and high efficiency; multiple exhaust ports are used to facilitate faster exhaust and pressure relief; when compressing the gas on the other side, it prevents itself from losing high pressure, reduces power waste, and provides sufficient pressure.

[0018] To sum up, the advantages of this patent are cleaner exhaust, reduced mechanical friction, timed intake valve, variable compression ratio, no fear of detonation, improved thermal efficiency and power, and the use of two-stroke linear internal combustion engine exhaust Atkinson technology. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the novel engine of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the piston assembly of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 It is a plan view of the hollow variable valve mating part.

[0022] Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of the piston assembly.

[0023] ] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the dynamic balancing mechanism. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The specific implementation modes of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0025] like Figure 1As shown, a new type of engine, the main shaft of which is supported by two linear bearings, the engine includes an outer shell 1, a sealed cabin cylinder 2, a piston connecting pipe 3 and piston assemblies at both ends thereof, the piston assembly includes a piston 4 and a variable hollow valve 5, the sealed cabin cylinder 2 is located in the middle of the outer shell 1, and an intake main pipe 201 is arranged on the upper part of the sealed cabin cylinder 2, and an air flow meter is arranged on the intake main pipe 201 to better control the incoming air. The bottom of the intake main pipe 201 is connected to two intake branch pipes 202, and the two intake branch pipes 202 lead to the left and right sides respectively. The compressor presses the gas from the intake main pipe 201 and passes into the left and right sides of the piston connecting pipe 3 respectively. The two intake branch pipes 202 facilitate the gas to be evenly distributed on both sides, so as to better facilitate the gas to be pressed in. Four exhaust ports 101 are arranged at both ends of the outer shell 1, and the four exhaust ports 101 facilitate the exhaust gas to be discharged once after opening, so as to discharge the gas more effectively and improve the exhaust efficiency. The compressed gas is cooled to low temperature and enters the sealed cabin through the gas flowmeter to the piston connecting pipes 3 at both ends. The thicker the piston connecting pipe 3 is, the more favorable the flow rate is. When the right combustion chamber ignites and burns, the piston connecting pipe 3 moves to the left. The four exhaust valves on the left first open one with a smaller valve section to release the high-pressure exhaust gas (one of the right side also has a smaller section), and then the other three exhaust valves are opened immediately and opened smoothly. Each exhaust port 101 is switched on and off by the electromagnetic exhaust valve 1011. The electromagnetic exhaust valve 1011 is superior to the crankshaft cam exhaust valve, and is opened to the maximum instantaneously. The exhaust area is almost twice that of the crankshaft machine, and the exhaust gas can be instantly depressurized, which is convenient for more effective rapid opening and closing, and also convenient for more effective exhaust. The piston connecting pipe 3 is located in the middle of the sealed cabin cylinder body 2. The piston connecting pipe 3 moves back and forth in the sealed cabin cylinder body 2 through back and forth combustion. A plurality of air inlet holes 301 are arranged on the left and right sides of the piston connecting pipe 3. The gas entering from the air inlet branch pipe 202 enters the air inlet holes 301 of the piston connecting pipe 3. The large number and size of the air inlet holes 301 are conducive to instantaneous large flow. The air inlet holes at both ends of the piston connecting pipe 3 pass through two electromagnetic valve coils 501 in the air inlet pipe and are connected. When one section of the air inlet valve is intaken, it is equivalent to the air inlet holes at both ends intaken to one end, which greatly reduces the air resistance. The instantaneous large flow compressed gas is provided to the air inlet valve. When the diameter of the electromagnetic valve coil is made smaller and appropriately lengthened, it can be considered to move the electromagnetic valve coil forward toward the piston 4. An electromagnetic drive module is provided in the middle of the piston connecting tube 3, and the electromagnetic drive module includes multiple permanent magnets 71 and multiple groups of stator coil groups 72; the permanent magnet 71 is sleeved in the middle of the piston connecting tube 3, each group of stator coils is connected to a bidirectional thyristor, and the stator coil group 72 is fixed in the sealed cabin cylinder 2. The stator coil group 72 cooperates with the permanent magnet 71 to drive the piston connecting tube 3 to oscillate back and forth to compress the gas. An electronic ruler 31 is provided on the piston connecting tube 3, and the electronic ruler 31 adopts a non-contact grating electronic ruler, and the position of the piston connecting tube 3 is read through the electronic ruler 31.The program PLC sends instructions, and the electronic ruler 31 ignites if it cannot reach the set compression position according to the speed prediction. If it stops halfway, there is no need to compress and heat up, because the cylinder body is warm, and it can be started directly. The engine and the generator always operate in an economical and efficient manner to charge the battery and drive the car at the same time. The speed of the car is determined by the switch. The generator set has a constant output current function. When the load increases or decreases, it still outputs constant current (the battery first bears the increased current, stabilizes the force on the main shaft, and prevents the piston from hitting the cylinder head). Immediately more air intake and more fuel injection (the opposite is true when the load decreases), and then increase the current (the thyristor connected to the stator coil group opens a larger conduction angle), and the output increases or decreases. PLC has a learning and memory function. An insulating terminal connected to a power transmission spring 32 is provided below the piston connecting tube 3 in the sealed cabin cylinder body 2. The power transmission spring 32 supplies power to the two intake valves. It consists of two insulating terminals, one end of which is installed on the piston connecting tube 3 and the other end is installed on the supporting edge of the main shaft linear bearing. The spring spacing is large, there is no friction during movement, and it is made of beryllium bronze, which is very durable, has low resistance, and rarely generates heat and is cooled by the gas entering the combustion chamber. According to actual conditions, multiple power transmission springs can be provided, and the intake valve can also be opened by a mechanical cylinder rod. The outer shell 1 is also provided with multiple deflagration detection heads 11 and multiple temperature control probes 13. The deflagration detection heads 11 are used to detect explosions; and the temperature of the temperature control host, cylinder wall, upper end cover, exhaust valve, gas and engine oil is detected by the temperature control probe 13. The engine is ignited and burned by a spark plug 104, and the entire machine is cooled by air cooling or water cooling.

[0026] like Figures 1 to 4As shown, two pistons 4 are respectively fixedly connected to the two ends of the piston connecting pipe 3, and a cross support frame 41 is arranged inside the piston 4, which plays a good supporting role through the cross support frame 41. A valve through hole 42 is arranged in the middle of the cross support frame 41, through which the hollow variable valve 5 can be easily moved on the piston 4, thereby better controlling the combustion distance. Four matching protrusions 43 are regularly arranged on the cross support frame 41 and located on the circumferential outer side of the valve through hole 42. An arc-shaped concave surface 431 is arranged on the inner side of each matching protrusion 43. The four arc-shaped concave surfaces 431 are connected to form a circle that matches the valve through hole 42. The diameter of the circle formed by the four arc-shaped concave surfaces 431 is the same as the diameter of the valve through hole 42, so as to better limit the hollow variable valve 5 and prevent the hollow variable valve 5 from shaking left and right, affecting the sealing effect. The four support rods of the cross support frame 41 are all provided with inclined guide blocks 44 on the outside. The four inclined guide blocks 44 are arranged in the same rotation direction. By setting them in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction, the piston generates tumble flow in the axial direction when the air is inhaled. The main shaft and the hollow variable valve are axially positioned to prevent the piston protrusion from rubbing against the valve, thereby facilitating better gas transmission and making the gasoline and gas mix more evenly. The two hollow variable valves 5 are respectively located at the center of the two pistons 4. A valve seat is provided on the piston 4 between the matching ends with the variable hollow valve 5. The hollow variable valve 5 passes through the valve through hole 42 of the piston 4 and is connected to an electromagnetic valve coil 501. The electromagnetic valve coil 501 sends a signal to control the hollow variable valve 5 to be opened or closed, so that combustion occurs after a certain distance of compression, realizing the Miller cycle Atkinson technology and energy saving. There is an axial positioning between the hollow variable valve 5 and the piston 4 to prevent the valve from rubbing against the support of the middle valve seat when it is ejected. A centric valve seat 6 is provided on the four mating protrusions 43, and the hollow variable valve 5 is located between the centric valve seat 6 and the piston 4. The hollow variable valve 5 is confined between the centric valve seat 6 and the piston 4 by the centric valve seat 6, and the hollow variable valve 5 is controlled by the electromagnetic valve coil 501 to move between the centric valve seat 6 and the piston 4, so that the gas is released from the gap in the hollow variable valve 5, which improves the sealing performance and facilitates exhaust better.

[0027] When the right combustion chamber ignites and burns, the piston connecting pipe 3 moves to the left. At this time, the right combustion chamber is ignited. When the piston connecting pipe 3 moves to the left, the compressed gas in the sealed cabin enters the piston connecting pipe 3 from the air inlet 301. Since the air inlet 301 has many holes, it is beneficial to the instantaneous large flow rate. The back of the electromagnetic valve coil 501 to the left is compressed by the intake force to generate back pressure, which is beneficial for the hollow variable valve 5 on the piston 4 to open to the left. The left exhaust valve is instantly depressurized and opened, and the exhaust is exhausted to the left like a jet. The pressure is almost close to the atmospheric pressure, or the jet siphons the electromagnetic valve coil 501. There is pressure on the back of the electromagnetic valve coil 501. The electromagnetic valve coil 501 is energized to give force. The intake is opened smoothly by the action of several forces. The electromagnetic valve coil 501 is pushed and pulled by the coils at both ends of the permanent magnet in the middle, and the force is greater. When moving to the left, the mass inertia of the accelerated intake valve acts, and the force that is not conducive to the opening of the electromagnetic valve coil is instantly offset on the piston 4. The hollow variable valve 5 and the piston 4 are axially positioned to prevent the hollow valve from rubbing against the piston 4.

[0028] The hollow variable valve 5 is made of an alloy material with light weight, heat resistance, wear resistance and high thermal conductivity. The intake valve made of beryllium metal material is only two-thirds of aluminum in weight, heat resistance, wear resistance, high thermal conductivity, good heat dissipation and corrosion resistance. When making, the expansion coefficients of the protrusion 43, the hollow variable valve 5 and the piston 4 are considered. Since the inner hole and the outer circle of the hollow variable valve 5 have the same center, they can be sealed. An axial positioning key is set between the valve stem 52 of the hollow variable valve 5 and the piston 4. The hollow variable valve 5 includes a hollow valve 51 and a valve stem 52. The valve stem 52 passes through the valve through hole 42 and is connected to the electromagnetic valve coil 501. The electromagnetic valve coil 501 has a small diameter, which increases space and facilitates better combustion. The expansion and contraction of the moving rod is controlled by the electromagnetic valve coil 501 to realize the switch of the hollow variable valve 5. The hollow valve 51 is horn-shaped as a whole, and the horn shape facilitates better connection with the valve stem 52. The inner side of the hollow valve 51 is fixedly connected to the outer end of one side of the valve stem 52, and the flow valve of the hollow variable valve 5 facilitates the compressed gas to flow, so that the combustion is more uniform and more complete, and the exhaust gas is discharged more cleanly and is not easy to cause vortex. The middle part of the hollow valve 51 is provided with a first annular groove 511, and the outer circle of the first annular groove 511 is regularly arranged circumferentially with a plurality of first venting holes 5111, and the plurality of first venting holes 5111 are arranged in an annular shape. A hollow sealing ring 516 is also provided on the first annular groove 511, and a ventilation gap is provided between the inner side of the hollow sealing ring 516 and the first annular groove 511. The hollow sealing ring 516 prevents internal gas leakage when closed, thereby further improving the sealing effect, and facilitates better gas discharge from the gap when opened. The hollow sealing ring 516 expands in radial circumference after being heated, and expands relatively less toward the center of the circle, and the hollow sealing ring 516 and the center valve seat 6 are arranged at the same center of the circle to achieve sealing. When opened, due to the presence of a ventilation gap, the gap is the inner side surface of the hollow sealing ring 516, which is inclined, so that the gas is discharged from the inclined gap, which increases a certain exhaust effect. A second annular groove 513 is arranged in the middle of the first annular groove 511, and an annular inclined surface 512 is arranged between the first annular groove 511 and the second annular groove 513. A plurality of second venting holes 5121 are arranged regularly in the circumferential direction at the junction of the annular inclined surface 512 and the second annular groove 513. The plurality of second venting holes 5121 are arranged in a ring shape, and the gas is easily discharged through the second venting holes 5121 when opened. The second annular groove 513 is provided with a matching through hole 514 matching with the four matching protrusions 43. The matching through hole 514 is inserted into the matching protrusion 43 to limit the hollow variable valve 5 so that it can only move up and down to prevent shaking left and right to cause leakage.A plurality of matching protrusions 43 are provided with a center valve seat 6 through a plurality of matching through holes 514, and the center valve seat 6 is provided in the second annular groove 513, and the center valve seat 6 is fixedly connected to the top of the four matching protrusions 43, and the hollow variable valve 5 is limited to prevent the hollow variable valve from being excessively ejected, thereby better controlling the internal gas discharge, and the radial circumference expansion of the center valve seat 6 takes into account the expansion coefficient of the center valve seat 6, and two third venting holes 5131 are provided between any two adjacent matching through holes 514, and the eight third venting holes 5131 are arranged in a ring. The third venting holes 5131 facilitate gas discharge, and the bottom surface of the center valve seat 6 is provided with a chamfer, and when opened, there is a gap between the third venting holes 5131 and the chamfer of the center valve seat 6, which facilitates increasing the gas discharge amount and facilitates better control.

[0029] During the manufacturing process of the hollow sealing ring 516 and the hollow variable valve 5, the valve stem 52 is first aligned with the axial positioning key on the piston 4 and seated, the center valve seat 6 is welded to the cross support frame 41 on the piston 4, and then the hollow sealing ring 516 is welded to the first annular groove 511, so that the hollow variable valve 5 adopts a double valve seat.

[0030] Because the valve through hole 42 is set on the piston end face and cooperates with the hollow variable valve 5, the exhaust gas is better than that of the previous two-stroke internal combustion engine. The piston 4 has more time to sweep the exhaust gas while moving, which also solves the problem of friction between the piston ring and the inlet of the cylinder wall of the two-stroke internal combustion engine and the problem of oil lubrication. When the two valve through holes 42 are closed, when the compressed gas pressure in the combustion chamber exceeds the back pressure of the intake valve and when the combustion chamber is working, the cylinder pressure also exceeds the back pressure of the intake valve, the intake valve is locked automatically, the coil current of the electromagnetic valve coil 501 can be canceled, and the working time of the electromagnetic coil is less than the rest time. The bottom surface of the piston 4 is provided with a lubrication inlet 40 and a lubrication outlet 401 on both sides, and the upper and lower support rods of the cross support frame 41 are provided with a lubrication channel 411. The two lubrication channels 411 are connected and symmetrically arranged. The top of the upper lubrication channel 411 and the lower end of the lower lubrication channel 411 are connected with the lubrication inlet 40 and the lubrication outlet 401 respectively, so that it is closer to the hollow variable valve 5 and will not hang down, thereby providing better support and stability. At the same time, since the piston moves back and forth and generates huge heat, it is convenient to cool the piston and reduce the temperature of the piston. It is convenient to spray the engine oil through the lubrication channel 411, so that the friction is reduced when the piston connecting pipe 3 moves back and forth again, which is convenient for better back and forth combustion. The width of the upper lubrication channel 411 gradually decreases from top to bottom, which is convenient for the engine oil to be more concentrated and improve the lubrication efficiency. A valve stem guide sleeve 50 is provided between the lubrication channel 411 and the hollow variable valve 5, and the valve stem guide sleeve 50 is used to prevent the engine oil from overflowing or leaking to other places. An oil nozzle 4111 is arranged outside the lubrication inlet 40, and the oil is sprayed into the hollow variable valve lubrication sleeve 321 through the oil nozzle 3211, so as to better lubricate and reduce friction. An oil return groove 12 is arranged below the lubrication outlet 401, and the dripping oil is recovered through the oil return groove 12.

[0031] ]like Figure 5As shown in the figure, the dynamic balancing mechanism of the engine is shown. Since the high gas pressure acts on the piston connecting tube 3 when the internal combustion engine is ignited, the mass inertia force on the piston connecting tube 3 pushes the cylinder head of the combustion chamber to generate vibration, and two reverse-moving mass objects on both sides are required to balance. The balance block and the piston connecting tube 3 move in opposite directions at the same horizontal axis. When the engine is ignited and works, the main shaft rack transmission gear drives the two balance blocks to move in opposite directions. When the main shaft generates electricity and the piston 4 moves to the bottom dead point, the air pressure drops, and the energy is fed back to the piston connecting tube 3 when the compression section decelerates. There is no waste of energy, only a little friction loss of the gear. The large energy during ignition and work is stored in the balance block to supplement the rear section. The piston connecting tube 3 and the two balance blocks (shafts) are axially positioned. The balance block is horizontally installed in the sealed cabin between the two linear support bearings. The linear generator set uses a flat type, and the horizontal sides make room for the balance block. The balanced power output rack is mounted on the piston connecting tube 3, and the air intake hole can be opened on the rack side, so there is no need to open the air intake holes at both ends, shortening the main shaft. When the balance block is not installed, two sets of internal combustion engines need to be installed horizontally, and the two combustion chambers in the middle are ignited synchronously. Then the two combustion chambers at the far ends are ignited synchronously. The four sets of high-power engines are placed vertically, and the cross support frame is installed. The left and right engines of the own side are placed vertically with the other side, and the upper and lower engines are ignited synchronously. In the next step, the left and right engines of the other side are ignited synchronously.

[0032] The oil pump supplies oil to the piston 4 and the cylinder wall inlet and exhaust ports for lubrication and cooling. The oil is supplied to the linear bearings supporting both ends of the main shaft, and to the engine dynamic balance gear and balance rod support. There are multiple oil nozzles on the back of the combustion chamber on the piston end face and around the cylinder wall, spraying to the piston and all cylinder walls. The upper one directly shoots at the piston oil receiving port to flow to the bend and V-shaped lubrication channel 411, passing through the valve stem guide sleeve 50. At the bottom of the piston, the oil falls to the cylinder wall, avoiding the oil nozzle here, and enters the double spring support at the tail of the hollow variable valve, and is scraped back to the oil groove by the oil ring, lubricating and cooling the cylinder wall, piston, hollow variable valve and guide sleeve at the same time. The intake valve electromagnetic coil is gas-cooled from the inlet piston pipe to the combustion chamber.

[0033] During operation, the engine starts the program, first turning on the compressor and the lubricating oil pump. At this time, there are two situations. The first is that the piston 4 is in the middle of the intake cylinder block 2, and the second is that the piston 4 is on both sides of the intake cylinder block 2.

[0034] In the first case, open the exhaust ports 101 at both ends, open the hollow variable valves 5 at both ends, after intake, close the exhaust ports 101 and the hollow variable valves 5, compress the gas back and forth into the combustion chambers at both ends and discharge the exhaust gas from the combustion chambers at both ends, close the exhaust ports 101 at both ends and the hollow variable valves 5 at both ends, ignite through the spark plugs, so that the linear generator set becomes a linear motor to compress the gas back and forth to increase the temperature, the stroke confirmation is judged by the electronic ruler 31, the deflagration confirmation is detected by the deflagration detection head 11, after oscillating for a period of time, the combustion work is carried out by injecting fuel through the straight nozzle 103 in the cylinder, and the left combustion chamber can also be injected with the right side first according to the situation. The combustion chamber is ignited to do work, thereby compressing the right combustion chamber gas. The right combustion chamber is sprayed with fuel and ignited to do work. Then it moves to the left, the left exhaust port 101 is opened to discharge exhaust gas, the left hollow variable valve 5 is opened to intake air, the left exhaust port 101 is closed, the left hollow variable valve 5 is closed, the left combustion chamber is sprayed with fuel and ignited to produce high-pressure gas to push the piston tube to the right, the right exhaust port 101 is opened to discharge exhaust gas, the right hollow variable valve 5 is opened to intake air, the right exhaust port 101 is closed, the right hollow variable valve 5 is closed, and the cycle works normally in sequence. Once one of the spark plugs is ignited, the linear motor will return to working as a linear generator. During normal operation and startup, the air is taken in after the exhaust. When the exhaust is closed, the piston moves at two-fifths of the cylinder or closes the intake valve in the middle. At the same time, the Atkinson cycle technology is also used (one section of the compression cylinder does work throughout the whole journey).

[0035] In the second case, when the piston is not in the middle, the electronic ruler 31 reads that the linear motor automatically moves to the middle and starts according to the above method. When the flameout command is issued, the fuel injection is ignited, and the load current is removed at the same time, and the battery is charged with a constant current. During the startup phase, the compressed air is heated back and forth. During the startup phase, both combustion chambers are injected with fuel. If one side explodes, it is considered to have been ignited, and the next procedure is continued.

[0036] The engine can also use non-hollow valves, such as the free piston engine developed by Pempek Pystems Co., Ltd. in Australia, called FD3. This engine can open and close the valves, but the engine is controlled by air pressure, so it is difficult to control the valves in real time, which affects the control quality, and the exhaust is not clean and vortexes are easily formed; at the same time, oil lubrication cannot be achieved, the friction resistance is large, and the service life is short.

[0037] The new engine is supported by two linear bearings, and the friction loss is much less than that of a crankshaft engine. Only the electromagnetic valve coil uses a small amount of energy. There is no strict requirement for the stroke of the driven linear generator, and it can travel a longer or shorter distance. With the electronic ruler, it is not afraid of deflagration, which creates conditions for combustion. The oil nozzle 3211 is used to spray oil into the lubrication channel 32, which helps to improve the switching smoothness of the hollow variable valve 5, reduce friction loss, cool the piston temperature, and increase the service life of the piston ring; a valve through hole 42 is provided in the middle of the piston to facilitate the opening or closing of the hollow variable valve 5, thereby better controlling the intake volume; the hollow variable valve 5 is provided with a valve through hole 42. There are multiple vent holes to facilitate better venting; the flowing valve allows for more thorough and clean exhaust; the electromagnetic valve coil has a more accurate response, and the Miller cycle Atkinson technology uses less oil, compresses a certain distance, and performs work throughout the entire process to achieve energy saving and high efficiency; multiple exhaust ports facilitate faster exhaust and pressure relief; when compressing the gas on the other side, it prevents itself from losing high pressure, reduces power waste, and provides sufficient pressure; when the engine misfires, the deflagration detector and the electronic ruler receive a signal to send to the motor to stop generating electricity for compression start-up, and each group of power generation is controlled by a bidirectional thyristor. When electricity consumption is low, several groups are closed to spray less oil; there is no need to start the motor, and the overall thermal efficiency is higher.

[0038] The advantages of this patent are reduced mechanical friction, timed intake valve, variable compression ratio, no fear of detonation, use of Atkinson technology, energy saving and high efficiency, and improved thermal efficiency and power.

Claims

1. A new type of piston assembly for an engine, characterized in that: The assembly comprises a piston (4) and a variable hollow valve (5); a cross support frame (41) is arranged in the middle of the piston (4); a valve through hole (42) is arranged in the middle of the cross support frame (41); a plurality of matching protrusions (43) are regularly arranged on the cross support frame (41) and located outside the valve through hole (42) in the circumferential direction; an arc-shaped concave surface (431) is arranged on the inner side of each matching protrusion (43); the plurality of arc-shaped concave surfaces (431) are connected to form a circular shape matching the valve through hole (42). The piston (4) is provided with a valve seat between the end that matches the variable hollow valve (5), the variable hollow valve (5) comprising a hollow valve (51) and a valve stem (52), the valve stem (52) being located in the valve through hole (42); the outer end of the valve stem (52) passes through the valve through hole (42) and is fixedly connected to the inner end of the middle part of the hollow valve (51); the circumferential outer edge of the inner end surface of the hollow valve (51) matches the valve seat, and the middle part of the hollow valve (51) is provided with a first annular The outer ring of the first annular groove (511) is provided with a plurality of first air release holes (5111) arranged regularly in the circumferential direction, a second annular groove (513) is provided in the middle of the first annular groove (511), an annular inclined surface (512) is provided between the first annular groove (511) and the second annular groove (513), a plurality of second air release holes (5121) are arranged regularly in the circumferential direction at the junction of the annular inclined surface (512) and the second annular groove (513), and the second annular groove (513) is provided with a plurality of second air release holes (5121) arranged regularly in the circumferential direction. The annular groove (513) is provided with a plurality of matching through holes (514) matching with the plurality of matching protrusions (43); the plurality of matching protrusions (43) are provided with a center valve seat (6) through the plurality of matching through holes (514); the center valve seat (6) is arranged in the second annular groove (513); a hollow sealing ring (516) is also arranged on the first annular groove (511); and a ventilation gap is arranged between the inner side surface of the hollow sealing ring (516) and the first annular groove (511).

2. A new type of piston assembly for an engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer ends of the four support rods of the cross support frame (41) are all provided with inclined guide blocks (44); the plurality of first air release holes (5111) and the plurality of second air release holes (5121) are all arranged in a ring shape, the number of the matching holes (514) is four, and two third air release holes (5131) are provided between any two adjacent matching holes (514).

3. A new type of piston assembly for an engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The assembly further comprises a piston connecting tube (3), the piston (4) being fixedly connected to the end of the piston connecting tube (3), the variable hollow valve (5) passing through the valve through hole (42) of the piston (4) and being connected to an electromagnetic valve coil (501), and the variable hollow valve (5) is controlled by the electromagnetic valve coil (501) to move between the center valve seat (6) and the piston (4).

4. A new type of piston assembly for an engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A lubrication inlet (40) and a lubrication outlet (401) are respectively arranged on the upper and lower sides of the bottom surface of the piston (4), and lubrication channels (411) are arranged in the upper and lower support rods of the cross support frame (41). The two lubrication channels (411) are connected and symmetrically arranged, and the top of the upper lubrication channel (411) and the lower end of the lower lubrication channel (411) are respectively connected to the lubrication inlet (40) and the lubrication outlet (401), and the width of the upper lubrication channel (411) gradually decreases from top to bottom. A valve stem guide sleeve (50) is arranged between the lubrication channel (411) and the valve stem (52), an oil nozzle (4111) is arranged outside the lubrication inlet (40), and an oil return groove (12) is arranged below the lubrication outlet (401).

5. A new type of engine, characterized in that: The engine comprises an outer shell (1), a sealed cabin cylinder body (2) and a piston assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the piston assembly comprises a piston connecting pipe (3), two pistons (4) and two variable hollow valves (5); the two pistons (4) are connected to both ends of the piston connecting pipe (3), and the two variable hollow valves (5) are respectively located in the middle of the two pistons (4); the sealed cabin cylinder body (2) is located in the middle of the outer shell (1), an air intake main pipe (201) is arranged on the upper part of the sealed cabin cylinder body (2), the bottom of the air intake main pipe (201) is connected to two air intake branch pipes (202), and the two air intake branch pipes (202) lead to the left and right sides respectively; a plurality of exhaust ports (101) are arranged at both ends of the outer shell (1), the piston connecting pipe (3 ) is located in the middle of the sealed cabin cylinder body (2); the piston connecting pipe (3) moves back and forth in the sealed cabin cylinder body (2) through back and forth combustion; a plurality of air inlet holes (301) are arranged on both the left and right sides of the piston connecting pipe (3); air entering through the air inlet branch pipe (202) enters the air inlet holes (301) of the piston connecting pipe (3); an electromagnetic driving module is arranged in the middle of the piston connecting pipe (3); the electromagnetic driving module includes a plurality of permanent magnets (71) and a plurality of stator coil groups (72); the permanent magnet (71) is sleeved in the middle of the piston connecting pipe (3); the stator coil group (72) is fixed in the sealed cabin cylinder body (2); and the stator coil group (72) cooperates with the permanent magnet (71) to drive the piston connecting pipe (3) to move left and right in the outer shell (1) when it is just started.

6. A new engine according to claim 5, characterized in that: An electronic ruler (31) is provided on the piston connecting pipe (3), and a power transmission spring (32) is provided below the piston connecting pipe (3) in the sealed cabin cylinder body (2); a plurality of deflagration detection heads (11) and a plurality of temperature control probes (13) are also provided on the outer shell (1).

7. A new engine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The engine adopts a switch intake method that controls a variable center air valve (5) to realize an Atkinson cycle.

8. A novel engine according to claim 5, characterized in that: Spark plugs (104) are provided at both ends of the engine, and ignition is performed through the spark plugs (104).

9. A new engine according to claim 5, characterized in that: Each exhaust port (101) is switched on and off by an electromagnetic exhaust valve (1011).

10. A method for using the new engine according to any one of claims 5 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are performed in sequence: the engine start procedure, firstly, the compressor and the lubricating oil pump are turned on. When the engine is just started, a signal is sent to the electromagnetic drive module through the power transmission spring (32). The air is compressed into the air intake main pipe (201) of the sealed cabin cylinder body (2) through the compressor, and enters the air intake hole (301) of the piston connecting pipe (3) through the air intake branch pipe (202), and enters the combustion chamber through the variable hollow valve (5). At this time, the exhaust ports (101) at both ends are opened, and the variable hollow valves (5) at both ends are opened. After the air is taken in, the exhaust ports (101) and the variable hollow valve (5) are closed, and the piston connecting pipe (3) is driven to oscillate back and forth. After the compressed air is heated up, when the right cylinder is sprayed with oil and ignited by the spark plug (104) for combustion, the deflagration detection head (11) detects the signal. The four exhaust ports (101) on the left are opened by the electromagnetic exhaust port (1011). Due to the inertia of the fluid, the left variable hollow valve (5) has back pressure, the valve is hollow, and the force acting on the combustion chamber surface is reduced. When moving to the left, the inertia force on the variable hollow valve (5) is instantly offset on the piston (4). The left variable hollow valve (5) receives the signal and opens, and the intake continues to discharge the exhaust gas from the combustion chamber. In the middle of the stroke or at two-fifths of the stroke, the left exhaust port (101) is closed, and the left variable hollow valve (5) is also closed. The right piston (4) drives the linear motor to generate electricity. Through the same principle, the left combustion chamber is opened, the right piston (4) drives the linear motor to generate electricity, the right exhaust port (101) is opened, and the right variable hollow valve (5) is opened, and the combustion cycle continues to provide power.

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