New precision composite six-axis CNC machine tool

Abstract

The purpose of the present invention is to design a new type of precision composite six-axis linkage CNC machine tool, the tool holder is installed on the slide, and the tool holder swings in the vertical plane relative to the slide, the bed is provided with a Z-axis drive device for driving the slide to move up and down, and an X-axis drive device and a Y-axis drive device for moving along the X direction and the Y direction, and the bed is also provided with a rotary processing platform, and the rotary processing platform is provided with a clamping mechanism for clamping the workpiece and rotating and positioning it, and the rotation center of the rotary processing platform is consistent with the Z direction, and the rotation center of the clamping mechanism is consistent with the X direction. Due to the arrangement of the Z, X and Y axis drive devices, the tool on the tool holder can be moved to any position in the operating area, and the clamping mechanism and the rotary processing platform can be rotated arbitrarily to realize the rotary motion of the workpiece. In addition, the tool holder can swing in the vertical plane, thereby realizing the six-axis linkage processing method, which can adapt to the processing of parts with different complex curved surface structures and meet the high-precision processing of the workpiece.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of machine tool precision machining, in particular to a novel precision composite six-axis linkage numerically controlled machine tool. Background Art

[0002] The highest level of machine tool manufacturing industry is the precision CNC machine tool with more than five axes linkage, which plays a very important role in industrial production. With the development of mechanical processing towards integration, high speed, high precision and multi-axis linkage, multi-axis CNC processing has become the mainstream of modern manufacturing technology. Traditional three- and four-axis CNC machine tools have low processing adaptability, centralized process, weak multi-function of one machine, difficult processing of complex curved surfaces, and unstable surface quality. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a novel precision composite six-axis linkage CNC machine tool with complete functions and high machining accuracy.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a new type of precision composite six-axis linkage CNC machine tool, a tool holder for clamping the tool is arranged on the bed, the tool holder is installed on the slide, and the tool holder swings in the vertical plane relative to the slide, the bed is provided with a Z-axis drive device for driving the slide to move up and down, and an X-axis drive device and a Y-axis drive device for moving along the X-direction and the Y-direction, the bed is also provided with a rotating processing platform, and the rotating processing platform is provided with a clamping mechanism for clamping the workpiece and rotating and positioning it, the rotation center of the rotating processing platform is consistent with the Z direction, and the rotation center of the clamping mechanism is consistent with the X direction.

[0005] In the above scheme, due to the setting of the Z-axis drive device, the X-axis drive device and the Y-axis drive device, the tool on the tool holder can be moved to any position in the operating area, the workpiece is clamped on the clamping mechanism, the clamping mechanism and the rotating processing platform can be rotated arbitrarily to realize the rotational motion of the workpiece, and the tool holder can swing in the vertical plane, thereby realizing a six-axis linkage CNC processing method, which can adapt to the processing of parts with different complex curved surface structures and has high processing accuracy for the workpiece. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0006] Figure 1 It is the overall structure diagram of the machine tool;

[0007] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of installing a turning tool holder on a tool holder;

[0008] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of installing the electric spindle on the tool holder;

[0009] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A top view of

[0010] Figure 5 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of some structures;

[0011] Figure 6 This is the installation structure diagram of the tool library;

[0012] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of the base. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0013] Combine the following Figure 1-Figure 7 The present invention is described in further detail.

[0014] A novel precision composite six-axis linkage CNC machine tool, a bed 10 is provided with a tool holder 20 for clamping a tool, the tool holder 20 is installed on a slide 31, and the tool holder 20 swings in a vertical plane relative to the slide 31 (i.e., rotates around the B axis in the figure), the bed 10 is provided with a Z-axis drive device for driving the slide 31 to move up and down, and an X-axis drive device and a Y-axis drive device for moving along the X and Y directions, the bed 10 is also provided with a rotating processing platform 40, the rotating processing platform 40 is provided with a clamping mechanism 50 for clamping a workpiece and rotating and positioning it, the rotation center of the rotating processing platform 40 (i.e., the C axis shown in the figure) is consistent with the Z direction, and the rotation center of the clamping mechanism 50 (i.e., the A axis shown in the figure) is consistent with the X direction. Due to the arrangement of the Z-axis drive device, the X-axis drive device and the Y-axis drive device, the tool holder 20 can be moved to any position in the operation area, that is, the tool installed on the tool holder 20 can be moved to any position in the operation area to process the workpiece to be processed; the clamping mechanism 50 and the rotating processing platform 40 can be rotated arbitrarily to realize the rotary motion of the workpiece, and the workpiece to be processed only needs to be clamped once to realize the processing of the front and back sides and various parts, with small errors and high processing accuracy, and also improves the production efficiency; in addition, when the workpiece to be processed does not need to be disassembled and assembled from the clamping mechanism 50 for many times, by installing different tools on the tool holder 20, such as turning tools, grinding heads, milling cutters, etc., the workpiece can be processed in all directions, with small errors and high processing accuracy, and also improves the production efficiency. The CNC machine tool in this application adopts a six-axis linkage CNC processing method consisting of three linear axes X, Y, and Z and three rotating axes A, B, and C. The process has high integration and high complexity, can adapt to the processing of parts with different complex curved surface structures, and can ensure high processing accuracy of the workpiece.

[0015] Furthermore, the Y-axis driving device includes a box 61 provided on both sides of the rotating processing platform 40, the upper end surface of the box 61 is provided with a first linear guide 62, the length direction of the first linear guide 62 is parallel to the Y direction, the first linear guide 62 and the first slider 63 form a sliding fit, the two ends of the crossbeam 64 are respectively fixed to the first sliders 63 on the two boxes 61, the crossbeam 64 is provided with a second linear guide 65, the length direction of the second linear guide 65 is parallel to the X direction, the second linear guide 65 is provided with a second slider 66, the second slider 66 is provided with a third linear guide 67 parallel to the Z direction, and the slide 31 and the third linear guide 67 form a sliding fit. The crossbeam 64 is arranged above the two boxes 61 and moves synchronously with the first slider 63. Therefore, it can withstand the high bending resistance of the external load heavy load in the XYZ direction, reduce the torsion error between the X axis and the Y axis, and ensure the rigidity and precision of the CNC machine tool during processing. The three linear guides use precision rolling guides, which can withstand radial and normal loads and have high bending resistance and rigidity.

[0016] The tool holder 20 includes a fixed seat 21 fixed on the slide 31, and a rotating seat 22 is arranged in the middle of the fixed seat 21 to form a radial rotation fit and an axial limit fit with the fixed seat 21. The end of the rotating seat 22 is connected to a tool holder 23 or an electric spindle tool holder 24. The torque motor mechanism drives the rotating seat 22 to swing and drives the tool holder 23 or the electric spindle tool holder 24 to swing in the vertical plane. The swing angle of the rotating seat 22 is -170° to +170°. For the tool holder, if Figure 2 For milling cutters, grinding heads, etc., the tool holder is as shown in Figure 3 As shown, the turning tool holder 23 or the electric spindle tool holder 24 is replaceably mounted on the rotating seat 22, and swings in the vertical plane relative to the slide seat 31, realizing the five-axis or six-axis linkage movement of the CNC machine tool, and can process different complex parts, with the advantages of centralized process, high processing efficiency, and extremely small repeated clamping positioning error. When necessary (i.e., when the tool is a grinding or milling tool), the driving mechanism can drive the rotating seat 21 to drive the tool to swing in the vertical plane (-170°—+170°), so that the milling cutter or grinding head can avoid vertex cutting and cutting interference, ensuring that the tool cutting point has a certain linear speed, which can effectively improve the processing accuracy and surface roughness of the workpiece surface.

[0017] In order to facilitate the replacement of tools, a protective plate 71 is fixed on the box body 61. The plate surface of the protective plate 71 is located in the plumb plane. A cylinder 72 is arranged on the protective plate 71. A tool magazine 73 is arranged above the cylinder 72. The cylinder 72 is operated to transfer the tool between the tool magazine 73 and the electric spindle tool holder 24.

[0018] Since the slide 31 is connected to the tool holder 20, which is a component for installing the tool, in order to ensure the stability of the slide 31 when it moves in the Z direction, the upper end of the second slider 66 is connected to the counterweight balancing system 32. Through the setting of the counterweight balancing system 32, the stability of the slide 31 in the Z direction is guaranteed, and the influence of gravity is eliminated, thereby ensuring the stability and response speed of the spindle head movement, effectively protecting the safety of the workpiece and the tool, and improving the processing accuracy of the workpiece.

[0019] Furthermore, the clamping mechanism 50 includes a fixed seat 51 fixed on the rotating processing platform 40, and a precision three-jaw chuck 52 is arranged on the fixed seat 51, and the axis direction of the precision three-jaw chuck 52 is arranged horizontally. The rotating processing platform 40 and the precision three-jaw chuck 52 can both rotate at any angle, and the workpiece can be rotated in the axis direction of the three-jaw chuck 52 and in the horizontal plane during operation. The precision three-jaw chuck 52 can provide a reliable clamping force to clamp and position the workpiece. At the same time, the precision three-jaw chuck 52 can realize the cutting, grinding, and other processes of the workpiece when it rotates at a high speed. When the precision three-jaw chuck 52 drives the workpiece to rotate a certain angle, different surfaces on the workpiece can be processed. When the rotating processing platform 40 rotates, the axis direction of the three-jaw chuck 52 can be adjusted to perform processing techniques such as oblique holes on the workpiece; one clamping can realize the processing of different surfaces, different angles, and different processes.

[0020] In order to improve the processing accuracy, a tool setting instrument 41 and a precision positioning fixture 42 are also provided on the rotating processing platform 40. One precision positioning fixture 42 is installed on each side of the rotating processing platform 40, and the length direction of the precision positioning fixture 42 is consistent with the axial direction of the precision three-jaw chuck 52.

[0021] The four corners of the lower end of the bed 10 are connected to the base 92 through air vibration isolation springs 91 to play a buffering role. The base 92 includes upper and lower plates 921 and 922 arranged in upper and lower positions, which are mainly used to adjust the horizontality of the base 92 during installation. The upper plate 921 is connected to the air vibration isolation spring 91 by screws. A chip conveyor 93 is also provided on the side of the bed 10 for discharging debris.

Claims

1. A new type of precision composite six-axis CNC machine tool, characterized by: A tool holder (20) for clamping a tool is arranged on the bed (10), the tool holder (20) is mounted on a slide (31), and the tool holder (20) swings in a vertical plane relative to the slide (31), the bed (10) is provided with a Z-axis driving device for driving the slide (31) to move up and down, and an X-axis driving device and a Y-axis driving device for moving along the X-direction and the Y-direction, the bed (10) is also provided with a rotating processing platform (40), and a clamping mechanism (50) for clamping a workpiece and rotating and positioning the workpiece is arranged on the rotating processing platform (40), the rotation center of the rotating processing platform (40) is consistent with the Z-direction, and the rotation center of the clamping mechanism (50) is consistent with the X-direction; The Y-axis driving device comprises a box body (61) provided with two sides of a rotating processing platform (40), the upper end surface of the box body (61) is provided with a first linear guide rail (62), the length direction of the first linear guide rail (62) is parallel to the Y direction, the first linear guide rail (62) and the first slider (63) form a sliding fit, the two ends of the crossbeam (64) are respectively fixed to the first sliders (63) on the two boxes (61), the crossbeam (64) is provided with a second linear guide rail (65), the length direction of the second linear guide rail (65) is parallel to the X direction, the second slider (66) is provided on the second linear guide rail (65), the second slider (66) is provided with a third linear guide rail (67) parallel to the Z direction, and the slide seat (31) and the third linear guide rail (67) form a sliding fit; The tool holder (20) comprises a fixed seat (21) fixed on a slide seat (31), a rotating seat (22) is arranged in the middle of the fixed seat (21) and forms a radial rotation fit and an axial limit fit with the fixed seat (21), an end of the rotating seat (22) is connected to a turning tool holder (23) or an electric spindle tool holder (24), and a torque motor mechanism drives the rotating seat (22) to drive the turning tool holder (23) or the electric spindle tool holder (24) to swing in a vertical plane; The swing angle of the rotating seat (22) is -170° to +170°; A protective plate (71) is fixed on the box body (61), the plate surface of the protective plate (71) is located within the plumb plane, a cylinder (72) is arranged on the protective plate (71), a tool magazine (73) is arranged above the cylinder (72), and the cylinder (72) is actuated to transfer the tool between the tool magazine (73) and the electric spindle tool holder (24).

2. The novel precision composite six-axis CNC machine tool according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The upper end of the second sliding block (66) is connected to a counterweight balancing system (32).

3. The novel precision composite six-axis CNC machine tool according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The clamping mechanism (50) comprises a fixed seat (51) fixed on the rotating processing platform (40), and a precision three-jaw chuck (52) is arranged on the fixed seat (51), and the axis direction of the precision three-jaw chuck (52) is arranged horizontally.

4. The novel precision composite six-axis linkage CNC machine tool according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A tool setting instrument (41) and a precision positioning fixture (42) are also provided on the rotating processing platform (40). One precision positioning fixture (42) is installed on each side of the rotating processing platform (40), and the length direction of the precision positioning fixture (42) is consistent with the axial direction of the precision three-jaw chuck (52).

5. The novel precision composite six-axis linkage CNC machine tool according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The four corners of the lower end of the bed (10) are connected to the base (92) via air vibration isolation springs (91); the base (92) comprises upper, middle and lower plates (921, 922 and 923) arranged in upper and lower positions; the upper plate (921) is connected to the air vibration isolation springs (91) via screws; and a chip conveyor (93) is also provided on the side of the bed (10).

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