A square straw bale burning direct combustion decoupled gasification recombustion atmospheric pressure hot water boiler

Abstract

The present invention discloses a square-bale straw bale burning direct-combustion decoupled gasification and re-combustion atmospheric hot water boiler, comprising: a boiler body, a straw drying and breaking bale chamber, a square bale feeding device, a chain grate, and a material-dispensing roller assembly; the outer periphery of the boiler body is a normal-pressure water jacket, the interior is a furnace, and the upper part of the furnace is a smoke pipe; the straw drying and breaking bale chamber is arranged at the front end of the boiler body feed port; the square bale feeding device is arranged at the front end of the straw drying and breaking bale chamber feed port; the chain grate is horizontally arranged at the bottom of the straw drying and breaking bale chamber and the boiler body; the material-dispensing roller assembly is arranged between the lower rear position of the boiler body and the upper position of the chain grate. The present invention solves the problem of direct combustion of straw bale burning by arranging the straw drying and breaking bale chamber and the material-dispensing roller assembly, ensures that the straw bale can be fully burned in the furnace, and has high thermal efficiency, energy saving and environmental protection, and has strong practical value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of straw combustion, and in particular to a square straw bundle burning direct combustion decoupled gasification and re-combustion atmospheric pressure hot water boiler. Background Art

[0002] Straw is an important component of biomass energy. It has the characteristics of abundant reserves, wide distribution, low pollution, and many types. It is also a clean and renewable energy source. With the improvement of the national economic level, the improvement of energy consumption structure and the steady growth of farmers' income, farmers no longer use straw as the main fuel for life. A considerable part of agricultural straw is discarded or burned on the spot, which not only wastes resources, but also causes air pollution.

[0003] The research and development of straw bale burning direct combustion heating technology can make full use of agricultural straw, realize resource utilization, reduction, harmlessness, reduce the harm of agricultural straw stacking or burning to the atmospheric environment, and make full use of the advantages of renewable energy. However, the existing straw bale burning direct combustion boilers have the disadvantages of slow combustion speed, incomplete combustion, and low thermal efficiency.

[0004] Therefore, how to overcome the above shortcomings and provide a square straw bale burning direct-fired decoupled gasification and recombustion atmospheric pressure hot water boiler that can fully burn the straw bales in the furnace, has high thermal efficiency, and is energy-saving and environmentally friendly is a problem that technical personnel in this field must solve. Summary of the invention

[0005] To this end, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a square straw bale burning direct combustion decoupled gasification and recombustion atmospheric pressure hot water boiler which can fully burn the straw bales in the furnace, has high thermal efficiency, and is energy-saving and environmentally friendly.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A square-bale straw bundle burning direct combustion decoupled gasification re-combustion atmospheric pressure hot water boiler, comprising: a boiler body, a straw drying and breaking chamber, a square-bale feeding device, a chain grate, and a feeding roller assembly;

[0008] The outer periphery of the boiler body is a normal-pressure water jacket, and a boiler body feed port is provided on the boiler body, and the boiler body feed port is used to transport the straw after breaking the bales into the furnace of the boiler body through the chain grate, and a furnace smoke outlet is provided at the top of the furnace; a smoke pipe is provided above the furnace, and one end of the smoke inlet of the smoke pipe is connected to the furnace smoke outlet through a flue for discharging the smoke after combustion, and one end of the smoke outlet of the smoke pipe is connected to the chimney through the flue, and the normal-pressure water jacket is also provided on the outside of the smoke pipe; a cold water inlet pipe and a hot water outlet pipe are provided on the normal-pressure water jacket;

[0009] The straw drying and breaking chamber is arranged at the front end of the feed port of the boiler body, and a straw drying and breaking chamber inlet is arranged at the front upper part thereof, and a breaking roller assembly is arranged inside; the breaking roller assembly includes a breaking roller main shaft tube, and the breaking roller main shaft tube is fixed to the side wall of the straw drying and breaking chamber through bearing seats at both ends, and the square straw bales are broken by rotating the breaking roller main shaft tube; the breaking roller main shaft tube is air-cooled;

[0010] The square bale feeding device is arranged at the front end of the straw drying and breaking chamber bale inlet, and the end of the square bale feeding device is connected to the straw drying and breaking chamber bale inlet, so as to transport the square bales of straw into the straw drying and breaking chamber;

[0011] The chain grate is horizontally arranged at the bottom of the straw drying and breaking chamber and the boiler body, and is used to transport the broken straw and provide the required oxygen for straw combustion;

[0012] The material-moving roller assembly is arranged between the rear position of the lower part of the boiler body and the upper position of the chain grate. The material-moving roller assembly includes a material-moving roller main shaft tube, and the material-moving roller main shaft tube is fixed to the side wall of the boiler body through sleeves at both ends. The material-moving roller main shaft tube is rotated to disperse and burn the unburned straw fuel on the chain grate; the material-moving roller main shaft tube is air-cooled and can provide oxygen.

[0013] The present invention adopts the above technical scheme, firstly, solves the problem of direct combustion of square bale straw bales: the square bale straw bales are transported to the straw drying and breaking chamber through the square bale feeding device, and are dried by the radiation of flue gas while being broken by the bale breaking roller assembly in the straw drying and breaking chamber, thereby reducing the moisture in the straw. At the same time, the density of the straw is reduced after the straw bale is broken, which is beneficial to the combustion of the straw bale in the furnace after the straw bale is broken.

[0014] Secondly, the problem of complete combustion of straw in the boiler body is solved: if the crushed and burned straw of the present invention cannot be completely burned in the furnace due to serious excess of moisture, it can be fully burned under the rotation of the main shaft tube of the feeding roller and the supply of oxygen.

[0015] Third, the problem of rapid breaking of square straw bales is solved: the bale breaking roller assembly of the present invention can quickly break the straw bales, and the scattered straw can also be initially burned off in the straw drying and breaking chamber, so as to improve the subsequent combustion effect. At the same time, the bale breaking roller assembly and the material-discharging roller assembly are both cooled by air, which can ensure that the bale breaking roller assembly and the material-discharging roller assembly, as well as the bearing seat, the shaft sleeve and other structures will not be damaged by being in a high temperature state for a long time, thereby ensuring the working reliability of these structures.

[0016] Fourthly, the present invention can realize continuous feeding and continuous slag discharging due to the adoption of the chain grate.

[0017] Fifth, the present invention transfers the heat in the high-temperature flue gas to the water in the normal-pressure water jacket, and the heated water is finally delivered to the heat user through the hot water outlet pipe.

[0018] On the basis of the above technical solution, the present invention can also make the following improvements:

[0019] Preferably, a bag breaking roller main shaft tube air duct with openings at both ends is provided in the bag breaking roller main shaft tube, one end of the bag breaking roller main shaft tube is connected to the first rotating motor through a coupling, and the other end relies on natural wind to cool the bag breaking roller main shaft tube through the bag breaking roller main shaft tube air duct; a plurality of bag breaking thorns are provided on the outer ring side wall of the bag breaking roller main shaft tube.

[0020] The main shaft tube of the bale breaking roller is provided with bale breaking thorns, which can quickly break the straw bales. The scattered straw can also be initially burned off in the straw drying and bale breaking chamber to improve its subsequent combustion effect.

[0021] The main shaft tube of the bag breaking roller is cooled by natural wind through the air duct of the main shaft tube of the bag breaking roller, which can ensure that the main shaft tube of the bag breaking roller, the bearing seat and other structures will not be damaged by being in a high temperature state for a long time, thereby ensuring the working ability of these structures and extending their service life.

[0022] Preferably, a prying roller main shaft tube air duct with one end open and the other end closed is provided in the prying roller main shaft tube, the open end of the prying roller main shaft tube is connected to the blower through the air duct, and the closed end is connected to the second rotating motor; the outer ring side wall of the prying roller main shaft tube is provided with a plurality of prying thorns and a plurality of air holes communicated with the prying roller main shaft tube air duct.

[0023] The main shaft tube of the feed roller is provided with feed thorns, which can disperse and burn the unburned fuel; the main shaft tube of the feed roller connects its internal air duct with the blower to ensure that the main shaft tube of the feed roller, the shaft sleeve and other structures will not be damaged by being in a high temperature state for a long time, thereby ensuring the working ability of these structures and extending their service life.

[0024] At the same time, one end of the main shaft tube of the material discharging roller is open and the other end is sealed. There are also air holes on the main shaft tube of the material discharging roller, which can allow the cooling air entering the main shaft tube of the material discharging roller to supply oxygen to the unburned fuel through the air holes, so that the unburned fuel can be burned fully and thoroughly.

[0025] Preferably, a rear arch is provided at the rear end position of the furnace away from the feed inlet of the boiler body, and the rear arch includes a high-temperature refractory furnace arch at the front and a water-cooled arch at the rear, one end of the water-cooled arch is connected to the high-temperature refractory furnace arch, and the other end is connected to the normal-pressure water jacket at the rear; a gas burner is provided between the normal-pressure water jacket on one side of the feed inlet of the boiler body and the upper space of the high-temperature refractory furnace arch; the feed inlet of the boiler body, the lower part of the front end of the high-temperature refractory furnace arch and the normal-pressure water jacket together form a semi-gasification combustion chamber; the bottom surface of the high-temperature refractory furnace arch, the bottom surface of the water-cooled arch and the normal-pressure water jacket together form a fixed carbon burnout chamber; the front end of the gas burner and the normal-pressure water jacket together form a gas collection chamber ; The rear end of the gas burner, the high-temperature refractory furnace arch surface, the water-cooled arch surface and the normal-pressure water jacket together form an enhanced combustion chamber, and the furnace smoke outlet is provided at the rear top of the enhanced combustion chamber; the gas burner is composed of a secondary air chamber and a burner nozzle; the semi-gasification combustion chamber, the fixed carbon burnout chamber and the gas collection chamber are connected, and the combustible gas in the semi-gasification combustion chamber and the fixed carbon burnout chamber is collected in the gas collection chamber, oxygen is supplied by the secondary air of the secondary air chamber in the gas burner, and then is sprayed into the enhanced combustion chamber through the burner nozzle for combustion; the main shaft tube of the material-pickup roller is located below the fixed carbon burnout chamber and above the chain grate.

[0026] Preferably, the water-cooled arch controls the temperature of the semi-gasification combustion chamber and the fixed carbon burnout chamber within the range of 600°C-700°C, and at the same time, can also control the exhaust temperature of the boiler at about 180°C.

[0027] The boiler body of the present invention adopts staged combustion of a semi-gasification combustion chamber, a fixed carbon burnout chamber and an enhanced combustion chamber, which not only improves the combustion effect, but also produces low concentration of nitrogen oxides, thereby achieving the effect of energy saving and environmental protection.

[0028] The present invention also solves the problem of coking during straw combustion: since a water-cooling arch is arranged in the boiler body, the water cooling degree of the fixed carbon burnout chamber can be increased, so that the temperature of the semi-gasification combustion chamber and the fixed carbon burnout chamber is controlled below the ash melting point (600° C. to 700° C.), thereby preventing coking; in addition, since the density of the straw is small after the straw is broken into pieces, the combustion temperature cannot reach the ash melting point of the straw, so coking is not easy during combustion.

[0029] At the same time, the present invention arranges a water-cooled arch in the boiler body, which also increases enough heating surface at the tail of the boiler, so that heat can be fully absorbed, so that the boiler exhaust temperature is controlled at about 180°C, and the thermal efficiency of the boiler is correspondingly improved.

[0030] Preferably, the air inlet of the secondary air chamber is connected to the blower through an air duct, and a rotating air duct is provided in the burner nozzle. In other words, the blower supplies air and oxygen to the secondary air chamber and the air duct of the main shaft pipe of the feeding roller at the same time.

[0031] Preferably, the square bale loading device includes a square bale bracket, a square bale pallet placed on the square bale bracket, and a traction and lifting device for pulling the square bale pallet; the square bale bracket is composed of a guide frame and an outer cover, the square bale pallet is composed of a pallet and upper and lower rollers rollingly connected to the guide frame, and the traction and lifting device is composed of a pulley and an electric hoist; the electric hoist pulls the pallet to move on the guide frame to transport the square bales into the straw drying and breaking chamber.

[0032] Preferably, a sealing door and a furnace door switch device for controlling the sealing door are provided at the bale entrance of the straw drying and bale breaking chamber; after the square bale rises to a corresponding position in the square bale feeding device, the furnace door switch device controls the sealing door to open; after the square bale is sent into the straw drying and bale breaking chamber, the furnace door switch device controls the sealing door to close, thereby solving the problem of smoke escaping from the straw drying and bale breaking chamber.

[0033] Preferably, the furnace door switch device comprises a control motor, the motor main shaft of the control motor is fixedly connected to one end of a motor rotating arm, the other end of the motor rotating arm is hinged to one end of a telescopic connecting rod, the other end of the telescopic connecting rod is hinged to one end of a rotating arm, and the other end of the rotating arm is fixedly connected to a pin column; the pin column is rotatably connected to a column fixed above the boiler body, and the sealing door is also fixedly connected to the pin column;

[0034] The control motor starts to drive the motor main shaft to rotate, and the motor main shaft drives the motor rotating arm, the telescopic connecting rod, and the rotating arm to move, so that the rotating arm can drive the pin to reciprocate on the column at an angle of 90°, thereby enabling the pin to drive the sealing door to open and close.

[0035] Preferably, the chain grate comprises a grate base frame, in which a driving wheel, a driven wheel, a tensioning wheel and a transmission grate plate surrounding it are arranged, and the driving wheel is driven by a speed regulating motor; an air chamber is also arranged in the grate base frame, and the air chamber is located below the fixed carbon burnout chamber.

[0036] Preferably, the smoke pipe is a threaded smoke pipe. The boiler of the present invention adopts the threaded smoke pipe technology, which also enhances the heat exchange effect between water and smoke.

[0037] Preferably, a recycling device for recycling straw combustion waste residue is provided at the rear end of the chain grate.

[0038] It can be seen from the above technical solution that, compared with the prior art, the present invention discloses a square straw bundle burning direct combustion decoupled gasification recombustion atmospheric pressure hot water boiler, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0039] 1. The straw does not need to be processed into pellets or briquettes and can be burned directly, eliminating the intermediate processing steps and thus greatly reducing operating costs.

[0040] 2. The straw bales are dried in the straw drying and breaking room due to the radiation of smoke, which reduces the moisture in the straw.

[0041] 3. After the straw bale is broken, the density of the straw is small, and the combustion temperature does not reach the ash melting point of the straw ash, so it is not easy to coke during combustion.

[0042] 4. As it adopts chain grate, it can continuously feed and discharge slag.

[0043] 5. The staged combustion of the semi-gasification combustion chamber, fixed carbon burnout chamber and enhanced combustion chamber not only improves the combustion effect, but also produces low concentration of nitrogen oxides, achieving the effect of energy saving and environmental protection.

[0044] 6. The square bale loading device is used to realize the automatic loading of square bales of straw. A sealing door and a furnace door switch device for controlling the sealing door are set at the inlet of the straw drying and breaking chamber, which solves the problem of smoke coming out of the straw drying and breaking chamber.

[0045] 7. Both the bag breaking roller assembly and the material discharging roller assembly adopt an air cooling structure to ensure that the bag breaking roller assembly, the material discharging roller assembly and the corresponding bearing seats, sleeves and other structures will not be damaged by being in a high temperature state for a long time, thereby ensuring the working reliability of these structures.

[0046] 8. The problem of complete combustion of straw in the fixed carbon burnout chamber of the furnace is solved. If the moisture content of the crushed and burned straw seriously exceeds the standard, it cannot be completely burned in the furnace. The present invention installs a feed roller assembly in the boiler body. When the main shaft tube of the feed roller rotates and oxygen is supplied, the straw can be fully burned.

[0047] 9. A water-cooled arch is set on the boiler body to increase the water cooling of the fixed carbon burnout chamber, so that the temperature of the semi-gasification combustion chamber and the fixed carbon burnout chamber is controlled below the ash melting point (600℃ to 700℃) to prevent coking.

[0048] 10. The threaded smoke tube technology is used to enhance the heat exchange effect between water and smoke. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0049] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art are briefly introduced below.

[0050] Figure 1 The accompanying drawing is a schematic diagram of the main cross-section structure provided by the present invention.

[0051] Figure 2 The attached picture is Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the left-side cross-sectional structure.

[0052] Figure 3 The accompanying drawing is a schematic structural diagram of a sealed door and a furnace door switch device for controlling the sealed door.

[0053] Among them, in the figure,

[0054] 1- boiler body, 2- straw drying and breaking bale chamber, 3- square bale feeding device, 4- chain grate, 5- main shaft tube of feeding roller, 6- normal pressure water jacket, 7- feeding port of boiler body, 8- smoke outlet of furnace, 9- smoke pipe, 10- flue, 11- chimney, 12- hot water outlet pipe, 13- high temperature refractory furnace arch, 14- water cooling arch, 15- gas burner, 16- secondary air chamber, 17- burner nozzle, 18- semi-gasification combustion chamber, 19- fixed carbon burnout chamber, 20- gas collection chamber, 21- enhanced combustion chamber, 22- main shaft tube of bale breaking roller, 23- bearing seat, 24- air duct of main shaft tube of bale breaking roller, 25- coupling, 26- first rotating motor, 27- bale breaking thorn, 28- square Package bracket, 29-square package tray, 30-traction lifting device, 31-guide frame, 32-outer cover, 33-tray, 34-upper and lower rollers, 35-pulley, 36-electric hoist, 37-sealed door, 38-furnace door switch device, 39-control motor, 40-motor swing arm, 41-retractable connecting rod, 42-swing arm, 43-pin column, 44-column, 45-grate base frame, 46-driving wheel, 47-driven wheel, 48-tensioning wheel, 49-transmission grate sheet, 50-speed regulating motor, 51-wind chamber, 52-shaft sleeve, 53-feeding roller main shaft pipe air duct, 54-blower, 55-air duct, 56-second rotating motor, 57-feeding thorn, 58-air hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0056] Example:

[0057] According to the following Figure 1-3 A square straw bale burning direct combustion decoupled gasification and recombustion atmospheric pressure hot water boiler according to an embodiment of the present invention is described in detail.

[0058] See attached Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 The embodiment of the present invention discloses a square-bale straw bundle burning direct combustion decoupled gasification recombustion atmospheric pressure hot water boiler, comprising: a boiler body 1, a straw drying and breaking chamber 2, a square-bale feeding device 3, a chain grate 4, and a feeding roller assembly.

[0059] The outer periphery of the boiler body 1 is a normal-pressure water jacket 6, and a boiler body feed port 7 is provided on the boiler body 1. The boiler body feed port 7 is used to transport the broken straw to the furnace of the boiler body 1 through the chain grate 4, and a furnace smoke outlet 8 is provided at the top of the furnace; a smoke pipe 9 is provided above the furnace, and one end of the smoke inlet of the smoke pipe 9 is connected to the furnace smoke outlet 8 through a flue 10 for discharging post-combustion smoke, and one end of the smoke outlet of the smoke pipe 9 is connected to the chimney 11 through the flue 10, and a normal-pressure water jacket 6 is also provided on the outside of the smoke pipe 9; a cold water inlet pipe and a hot water outlet pipe 12 are provided on the normal-pressure water jacket 6.

[0060] Specifically, the smoke pipe 9 mentioned above is a threaded smoke pipe. In this embodiment, the smoke pipe 9 above the furnace is composed of two groups of threaded smoke pipes that turn back and forth. The two groups of threaded smoke pipes are connected through a smoke turning chamber. The structural design of the two groups of threaded smoke pipes can transfer most of the heat in the high-temperature smoke generated by combustion to the cold water in the atmospheric pressure water jacket 6, and then the heated water in the atmospheric pressure water jacket 6 is sent to the heat user through the hot water outlet pipe 12, and the smoke after heat exchange is discharged from the chimney 11.

[0061] More specifically, a rear arch is provided at the rear end of the furnace away from the boiler body feed inlet 7, and the rear arch includes a high-temperature refractory furnace arch 13 at the front and a water-cooled arch 14 at the rear, one end of the water-cooled arch 14 is connected to the high-temperature refractory furnace arch 13, and the other end is connected to the atmospheric pressure water jacket 6 at the rear; a gas burner 15 is provided between the atmospheric pressure water jacket 6 on one side of the boiler body feed inlet 7 and the upper space of the high-temperature refractory furnace arch 13; the boiler body feed inlet 7, the lower part of the front end of the high-temperature refractory furnace arch 13 and the atmospheric pressure water jacket 6 together form a semi-gasification combustion chamber 18; the bottom surface of the high-temperature refractory furnace arch 13, the bottom surface of the water-cooled arch 14 and the atmospheric pressure water jacket 6 together form a fixed carbon burnout chamber 19; the front end of the gas burner 15 and the atmospheric pressure water jacket 6 together form a A gas collection chamber 20; the rear end of the gas burner 15, the top surface of the high-temperature refractory furnace arch 13, the top surface of the water-cooled arch 14 and the atmospheric water jacket 6 together form an enhanced combustion chamber 21, and a furnace smoke outlet 8 is provided at the rear top of the enhanced combustion chamber 21; the gas burner 15 is composed of a secondary air chamber 16 and a burner nozzle 17, and a rotating air duct is provided in the burner nozzle 17; the semi-gasification combustion chamber 18, the fixed carbon burnout chamber 19, and the gas collection chamber 20 are connected, and the combustible gas in the semi-gasification combustion chamber 18 and the fixed carbon burnout chamber 19 is collected in the gas collection chamber 20, oxygen is supplied by the secondary air of the secondary air chamber 16 in the gas burner 15, and then is sprayed into the enhanced combustion chamber 21 through the burner nozzle 17 for combustion.

[0062] The water-cooled arch 14 in the above structure can increase the water cooling degree of the fixed carbon burnout chamber 19, and control the temperature of the semi-gasification combustion chamber 18 and the fixed carbon burnout chamber 19 within the range of 600°C-700°C (below the melting point of straw ash) to prevent coking; at the same time, the heating surface at the rear of the boiler body 1 is increased, so that the exhaust temperature of the boiler is controlled at about 180°C.

[0063] The straw drying and bale breaking chamber 2 is arranged at the front end of the boiler body feed port 7, and a straw drying and bale breaking chamber inlet is arranged at the front upper part thereof, and a bale breaking roller assembly is arranged inside; the bale breaking roller assembly includes a bale breaking roller main shaft tube 22, and the bale breaking roller main shaft tube 22 is fixed to the side wall of the straw drying and bale breaking chamber 2 through bearing seats 23 at both ends, and the bale breaking roller main shaft tube 22 is used to break the square straw bales by rotating the bale breaking roller main shaft tube 22; the bale breaking roller main shaft tube 22 is air-cooled.

[0064] Specifically, a bale breaking roller main shaft tube air duct 24 with openings at both ends is provided in the bale breaking roller main shaft tube 22. One end of the bale breaking roller main shaft tube 22 is connected to the first rotating motor 26 through a coupling 25, and is driven to rotate by the first rotating motor 26, while the other end relies on natural wind to cool the bale breaking roller main shaft tube 22 through the bale breaking roller main shaft tube air duct 24; a plurality of bale breaking spikes 27 for breaking square bales of straw are provided on the outer ring wall of the bale breaking roller main shaft tube 22.

[0065] The square bale feeding device 3 is arranged at the front end of the straw drying and breaking chamber bale inlet and the rear end of the square bale feeding device 3 is connected to the straw drying and breaking chamber bale inlet to transport the square bales of straw into the straw drying and breaking chamber 2.

[0066] Specifically, the square bale feeding device 3 includes a square bale bracket 28, a square bale tray 29 placed on the square bale bracket 28, and a traction and lifting device 30 for pulling the square bale tray 29; the square bale bracket 28 is composed of a guide frame 31 and an outer cover 32, the square bale tray 29 is composed of a tray 33 and upper and lower rollers 34 rollingly connected to the guide frame 31, and the traction and lifting device 30 is composed of a pulley 35 and an electric hoist 36; the electric hoist 36 pulls the tray 33 to move on the guide frame 31 to transport the square bales into the straw drying and breaking chamber 2.

[0067] A sealing door 37 and a furnace door switch device 38 for controlling the sealing door 37 are also provided at the bale entrance of the straw drying and breaking chamber; after the square bale rises to the corresponding position in the square bale feeding device 3, the furnace door switch device 38 controls the sealing door 37 to open; after the square bale is sent into the straw drying and breaking chamber 2, the furnace door switch device 38 controls the sealing door 37 to close to prevent smoke from escaping from the straw drying and breaking chamber 2.

[0068] For details, see the attached Figure 3The furnace door switch device 38 includes a control motor 39, the motor main shaft of the control motor 39 is fixedly connected to one end of a motor arm 40, the other end of the motor arm 40 is hinged to one end of a telescopic connecting rod 41, the other end of the telescopic connecting rod 41 is hinged to one end of a rotating arm 42, and the other end of the rotating arm 42 is fixedly connected to a pin column 43; the pin column 43 is rotatably connected to a column 44 fixed above the boiler body 1, and the sealing door 37 is also fixedly connected to the pin column 43.

[0069] The telescopic connecting rod 41 mentioned above includes a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod and an adjusting nut connected between the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod.

[0070] The control motor 39 is started to drive the motor shaft to rotate, and the motor shaft drives the motor arm 40, the telescopic connecting rod 41, and the rotating arm 42 to move, so that the rotating arm 42 can drive the pin 43 to reciprocate at an angle of 90° on the column 44, thereby realizing that the pin 43 drives the sealing door 37 to open and close.

[0071] The chain grate 4 is horizontally arranged at the bottom of the straw drying and breaking chamber 2 and the boiler body 1, and is used to transport the broken straw and provide the required oxygen for straw combustion. The rear end of the chain grate 4 is also provided with a recycling device for recycling and processing the straw combustion waste residue.

[0072] Specifically, the chain grate 4 includes a grate base frame 45, in which a driving wheel 46, a driven wheel 47, a tensioning wheel 48 and a transmission grate plate 49 surrounding it are arranged, and the driving wheel 46 is driven by a speed regulating motor 50; the grate base frame 45 is also provided with an air chamber 51, and the air chamber 51 is located below the fixed carbon burnout chamber 19.

[0073] The discharging roller assembly is arranged below the fixed carbon burnout chamber 19 and above the chain grate 4. The discharging roller assembly includes a discharging roller main shaft tube 5, and the discharging roller main shaft tube 5 is fixed to the side wall of the boiler body 1 through the shaft sleeves 52 at both ends. The discharging roller main shaft tube 5 is used to disperse and burn the unburned straw fuel on the chain grate 4 by rotating the discharging roller main shaft tube 5; the discharging roller main shaft tube 5 is air-cooled and can provide oxygen.

[0074] Specifically, a feeding roller main shaft pipe air duct 53 with one end open and the other end closed is provided in the feeding roller main shaft pipe 5. The open end of the feeding roller main shaft pipe 5 is connected to the blower 54 through the air duct 55, and the closed end is connected to the second rotating motor 56, which is driven to rotate by the second rotating motor 56. The outer ring wall of the feeding roller main shaft pipe 5 is provided with a plurality of feeding thorns 57 and a plurality of air holes 58 connected with the feeding roller main shaft pipe air duct 53. The feeding thorns 57 are used to disperse the unburned straw fuel.

[0075] The blower 54 supplies cooling air to the feed roller main shaft tube air duct 53 to cool the feed roller main shaft tube 5. The feed roller main shaft tube 5 is also provided with air holes 58 so that the cooling air entering the feed roller main shaft tube 5 can supply oxygen to the unburned fuel through the air holes 58, so that the unburned fuel can be burned fully and thoroughly.

[0076] The air inlet of the secondary air chamber 16 in the gas burner 15 is also connected to the above-mentioned blower 54 through the air duct 55 to achieve secondary air oxygen supply.

[0077] The specific working principle of the present invention is:

[0078] The present invention adopts a square bale feeding device 3 to automatically feed the square bale straw bale into the straw drying and breaking chamber 2 in front of the boiler body feed port 7, and the bale breaking roller main shaft tube 22 rotates to drive the bale breaking spikes 27 thereon to break the square bale straw bale, and the straw bale is radiated by the flue gas while being broken, so as to be dried; at the same time, natural wind cools the bale breaking roller main shaft tube 22 through the bale breaking roller main shaft tube air duct 24;

[0079] The broken and burnt straw falls onto the chain grate 4, and enters the semi-gasification combustion chamber 18 through the boiler body feed port 7 for oxygen-deficient combustion. The straw that is not completely burned in the semi-gasification combustion chamber 18 moves with the chain grate 4 to the fixed carbon burnout chamber 19. With the air distribution of the wind chamber 51, the solid carbon formed is burned in the fixed carbon burnout chamber 19 under the action of the radiation heat of the high-temperature refractory furnace arch 13. The water-cooled arch 14 can increase the water cooling degree of the fixed carbon burnout chamber 19, so as to burn the semi-gasification combustion chamber 18 and the fixed carbon burnout chamber 19. The temperature of the chamber 19 is controlled within the range of 600°C-700°C to prevent coking; the feed roller main shaft tube 5 located below the fixed carbon burnout chamber 19 and above the chain grate 4 can further disperse and burn the unburned fuel. At the same time, the blower 54 is started to bring cooling air into the feed roller main shaft tube 5, so as to achieve continuous cooling protection for the feed roller main shaft tube 5 and other corresponding structures, and the cooling air supplies oxygen to the unburned fuel through the air holes 58 on the feed roller main shaft tube 5, so that the fuel can be fully burned;

[0080] In the above process, the heat provided by the oxygen-deficient combustion of the straw in the semi-gasification combustion chamber 18 completes the gasification and pyrolysis process of the biomass in the semi-gasification combustion chamber 18. Afterwards, the reducing gas generated by the pyrolysis in the semi-gasification combustion chamber 18 enters the fixed carbon burnout chamber 19 through the semi-coke layer, and under the sulfurization of the biomass semi-coke layer, the reducing gas CO and H 2 , CH 4 Wait and No X After a complex reaction, NO X Restored to harmless N 2 , CO 2 and H 2 O.

[0081] The combustible gas in the semi-gasification combustion chamber 18 and the fixed carbon burnout chamber 19 is collected in the gas collection chamber 20, oxygenated by the secondary air of the secondary air chamber 16 in the gas burner 15, and then injected into the enhanced combustion chamber 21 through the burner nozzle 17 for combustion.

[0082] The staged combustion of the semi-gasification combustion chamber 18, the fixed carbon burnout chamber 19 and the enhanced combustion chamber 21, combined with sufficient staged oxygen supply, allows the combustible gas to be burned out, which not only improves the combustion efficiency but also reduces the NO generated. X The concentration is low, achieving the effect of energy saving and environmental protection.

[0083] The high-temperature flue gas generated in the enhanced combustion chamber 21 flows out from the furnace smoke outlet 8, and is discharged from the chimney 11 after heat exchange through the threaded smoke pipe. A normal-pressure water jacket 6 is arranged outside the threaded smoke pipe. After the high-temperature flue gas exchanges heat through the threaded smoke pipe, the heat is transferred to the water in the normal-pressure water jacket 6, and the heated water is sent to the corresponding heat users through the water outlet pipe.

[0084] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A square straw bale burning direct combustion decoupled gasification recombustion atmospheric pressure hot water boiler, characterized in that: include: Boiler body (1), straw drying and breaking chamber (2), square bale feeding device (3), chain grate (4), and feeding roller assembly; The outer periphery of the boiler body (1) is a normal-pressure water jacket (6). The boiler body (1) is provided with a boiler body feed port (7), and the boiler body feed port (7) is used to transport the straw after breaking into the furnace of the boiler body (1) through the chain grate (4). The top of the furnace is provided with a furnace smoke outlet (8); a smoke pipe (9) is provided above the furnace, and one end of the smoke inlet of the smoke pipe (9) is connected to the furnace smoke outlet (8) through a flue (10) for discharging post-combustion smoke, and one end of the smoke outlet of the smoke pipe (9) is connected to a chimney (11) through the flue (10). The normal-pressure water jacket (6) is also provided on the outside of the smoke pipe (9); a cold water inlet pipe and a hot water outlet pipe (12) are provided on the normal-pressure water jacket (6); The straw drying and bale breaking chamber (2) is arranged at the front end of the boiler body feed port (7), and a straw drying and bale breaking chamber bale inlet is arranged at the front upper part thereof, and a bale breaking roller assembly is arranged inside; the bale breaking roller assembly comprises a bale breaking roller main shaft tube (22), and the bale breaking roller main shaft tube (22) is fixed to the side wall of the straw drying and bale breaking chamber (2) through bearing seats (23) at both ends, and the bale breaking roller main shaft tube (22) is rotated to break the square straw bales; the bale breaking roller main shaft tube (22) is air-cooled; The square bale feeding device (3) is arranged at the front end of the straw drying and breaking chamber bale inlet and the rear end of the square bale feeding device (3) is connected to the straw drying and breaking chamber bale inlet, so as to transport the square bales of straw into the straw drying and breaking chamber (2); The chain grate (4) is horizontally arranged at the bottom of the straw drying and breaking bale chamber (2) and the boiler body (1), and is used to transport the broken straw and provide the oxygen required for straw combustion; The material-discharging roller assembly is arranged between the rear position of the lower part of the boiler body (1) and the upper position of the chain grate (4), and the material-discharging roller assembly comprises a material-discharging roller main shaft tube (5), and the material-discharging roller main shaft tube (5) is fixed to the side wall of the boiler body (1) through shaft sleeves (52) at both ends, and the material-discharging roller main shaft tube (5) is used to disperse and burn the unburned straw fuel on the chain grate (4) by rotating the material-discharging roller main shaft tube (5); the material-discharging roller main shaft tube (5) is air-cooled and can provide oxygen; The bag breaking roller main shaft tube (22) is provided with a bag breaking roller main shaft tube air duct (24) with both ends open. One end of the bag breaking roller main shaft tube (22) is connected to a first rotating motor (26) through a coupling (25), and the other end is cooled by natural wind through the bag breaking roller main shaft tube air duct (24). The outer ring wall of the bag breaking roller main shaft tube (22) is provided with a plurality of bag breaking spikes (27). The material discharging roller main shaft tube (5) is provided with a material discharging roller main shaft tube air duct (53) with one end open and the other end closed. The open end of the material discharging roller main shaft tube (5) is connected to a blower (54) through an air duct (55). The closed end is connected to a second rotating motor (56); the outer ring side wall of the feeding roller main shaft tube (5) is provided with a plurality of feeding thorns (57) and a plurality of air holes (58) communicating with the feeding roller main shaft tube air duct (53); a sealing door (37) and a furnace door switch device (38) for controlling the sealing door (37) are provided at the inlet of the straw drying and breaking chamber; after the square bale is raised to a corresponding position in the square bale feeding device (3), the furnace door switch device (38) controls the sealing door (37) to open; after the square bale is sent into the straw drying and breaking chamber (2), the furnace door switch device (38) controls the sealing door (37) to close.

2. The square straw bale burning direct combustion decoupled gasification recombustion atmospheric pressure hot water boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: A rear arch is provided at the rear end of the furnace away from the feed inlet (7) of the boiler body, and the rear arch includes a high-temperature refractory furnace arch (13) at the front and a water-cooled arch (14) at the rear. One end of the water-cooled arch (14) is connected to the high-temperature refractory furnace arch (13), and the other end is connected to the atmospheric pressure water jacket (6) at the rear. A gas outlet is provided between the atmospheric pressure water jacket (6) on one side of the feed inlet (7) of the boiler body and the space above the high-temperature refractory furnace arch (13). burner (15); the feed port (7) of the boiler body, the lower front end of the high-temperature refractory furnace arch (13) and the atmospheric water jacket (6) together form a semi-gasification combustion chamber (18); the bottom surface of the high-temperature refractory furnace arch (13), the bottom surface of the water-cooled arch (14) and the atmospheric water jacket (6) together form a fixed carbon burnout chamber (19); the front end of the gas burner (15) and the atmospheric water jacket (6) together form a gas collection chamber (20); the gas burner The rear end of the furnace (15), the top surface of the high-temperature refractory furnace arch (13), the top surface of the water-cooled arch (14) and the atmospheric water jacket (6) together form an enhanced combustion chamber (21), and the furnace smoke outlet (8) is provided at the rear top of the enhanced combustion chamber (21); the gas burner (15) is composed of a secondary air chamber (16) and a burner nozzle (17); the semi-gasification combustion chamber (18), the fixed carbon burnout chamber (19), and the gas collection chamber (20) The semi-gasification combustion chamber (18) and the fixed carbon burnout chamber (19) are connected to each other, and the combustible gas in the semi-gasification combustion chamber (18) and the fixed carbon burnout chamber (19) is collected in the gas collection chamber (20), oxygen is supplied by the secondary air of the secondary air chamber (16) in the gas burner (15), and then is sprayed into the enhanced combustion chamber (21) through the burner nozzle (17) for combustion; the material-moving roller main shaft tube (5) is located below the fixed carbon burnout chamber (19) and above the chain grate (4).

3. The square straw bale burning direct combustion decoupled gasification recombustion atmospheric pressure hot water boiler according to claim 2, characterized in that: The air inlet of the secondary air chamber (16) is connected to the blower (54) through an air duct (55), and a rotating air duct is provided in the burner nozzle (17).

4. The square straw bale burning direct combustion decoupled gasification recombustion atmospheric pressure hot water boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The square bale feeding device (3) comprises a square bale bracket (28), a square bale tray (29) placed on the square bale bracket (28), and a traction and lifting device (30) for pulling the square bale tray (29); the square bale bracket (28) is composed of a guide frame (31) and an outer cover (32); the square bale tray (29) is composed of a tray (33) and upper and lower rollers (34) rollingly connected to the guide frame (31); the traction and lifting device (30) is composed of a pulley (35) and an electric hoist (36); the electric hoist (36) pulls the tray (33) to move on the guide frame (31) to transport the square bales into the straw drying and breaking chamber (2).

5. The square straw bale burning direct combustion decoupled gasification recombustion atmospheric pressure hot water boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The furnace door switch device (38) comprises a control motor (39), the motor main shaft of the control motor (39) is fixedly connected to one end of a motor rotating arm (40), the other end of the motor rotating arm (40) is hinged to one end of a telescopic connecting rod (41), the other end of the telescopic connecting rod (41) is hinged to one end of a rotating arm (42), and the other end of the rotating arm (42) is fixedly connected to a pin column (43); the pin column (43) is rotatably connected to a column (44) fixed above the boiler body (1), and the sealing door (37) is also fixedly connected to the pin column (43); The control motor (39) is started to drive the motor main shaft to rotate, and the motor main shaft drives the motor rotating arm (40), the telescopic connecting rod (41), and the rotating arm (42) to move, so that the rotating arm (42) can drive the pin column (43) to reciprocate on the column (44) at an angle of 90 degrees, thereby enabling the pin column (43) to drive the sealing door (37) to open and close.

6. The square straw bale burning direct combustion decoupled gasification recombustion atmospheric pressure hot water boiler according to claim 2, characterized in that: The chain grate (4) comprises a grate base frame (45), wherein a driving wheel (46), a driven wheel (47), a tensioning wheel (48) and a transmission grate plate (49) surrounding the grate base frame (45) are arranged inside the grate base frame (45), wherein the driving wheel (46) is driven by a speed regulating motor (50); and an air chamber (51) is also arranged inside the grate base frame (45), wherein the air chamber (51) is located below the fixed carbon burnout chamber (19).

7. The square straw bale burning direct combustion decoupled gasification recombustion atmospheric pressure hot water boiler according to claim 2, characterized in that: The smoke pipe (9) is a threaded smoke pipe.

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