Container spreader closed opener
By designing a closed container spreader shutter, using a short 90-150mm reversing stroke and gear transmission mechanism, the problems of severe wear and low clearance lifting operations in dust environments are solved, and low wear and efficient lubrication are achieved Effect.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202010408085.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2020-05-14
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-10
- Estimated Expiration
- 2040-05-14
AI Technical Summary
The existing shutters of unpowered container spreaders are severely worn in dusty environments and cannot meet the needs of low-head lifting operations, requiring a large crane hook stroke.
A closed container spreader shutter is designed, using a vertically placed box and box cover, with a tie rod and gear transmission mechanism inside, which realizes the spreader and container through a short 90-150mm reversing stroke. Automatically hang and remove, reduce the impact of dust on lubrication and reduce wear.
It achieves meeting the short stroke requirements in low-head lifting operations, reduces wear of the transmission mechanism, extends service life, and improves lubrication effect.
Smart Images
Figure CN111689361B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to a container spreader, in particular to a spreader for an unpowered container. Background Art
[0002] Unpowered container spreaders refer to spreaders that have no other power source except the lifting power of the crane to enable the spreader to carry out container hanging and unhanging operations. Unpowered container spreaders can be divided into two categories: unpowered manual container spreaders and unpowered automatic container spreaders. The connection between unpowered automatic container spreaders and containers does not require manual operation, and can realize automatic hanging and unhanging of containers. Figure 6 As shown, the unpowered container automatic hoist generally includes an opener 93, a hanger 94 and four lifting ropes 91. The lower end of the opener 93 is fixed on the hanger 94 and is located in the middle of the hanger 94. The output shafts at both ends of the opener 93 are respectively connected to the transmission mechanisms 95 and 96 fixed on the left and right sides of the hanger 94. The transmission mechanisms 95 and 96 are respectively connected to the left and right pairs of rotary lock shafts 97 and 98 below the four corners of the hanger 94. The rotary lock shafts 97 and 98 are used to lock the container. The four lifting ropes 91 are respectively connected to the hanger 94. When the container is hoisted, the upper ends of the four lifting ropes 94 are connected to the crane hook 90, and the upper end of the opener 93 is also connected to the crane hook 90 through the cable 92. When the hanger 94 of the hoist is placed on the container, the opener 93 is repeatedly lifted by controlling the crane to realize the automatic hanging and unhanging of the hoist and the container. The working principle of the shutter is as follows: when the upper end of the shutter 93 is subjected to the lifting force of the crane, the output shaft of the shutter 93 is reversed and rotated 90° under the action of the lifting force of the crane, thereby driving the rotary lock shafts 97 and 98 to rotate 90° through the transmission mechanisms 95 and 96 on the left and right sides of the hanger to lock or unlock the container. When the crane lifts the shutter 93 again, the output shaft of the shutter will rotate 90° in the opposite direction, thereby causing the rotary lock shafts 97 and 98 to rotate in the opposite direction to unlock or lock the container. The output shaft of the shutter 93 performs the above repeated movements as the crane is repeatedly lifted. The shutters currently used are generally ratchet mechanisms and flap mechanisms, which are often open, and the working environment is dusty, which increases the wear of the mechanism. The ratchet mechanism is more prone to dust adhesion when lubricated with grease. Moreover, the shutters currently used require a relatively large stroke of the crane hook when realizing the reversing action of the output shaft. The minimum clearance stroke generally required is 500 to 1000 mm, which cannot meet the low clearance lifting operation with limited lifting height. Summary of the invention
[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a closed container spreader closed opener and closer which has good lubrication effect and can adapt to low-headroom lifting operations.
[0004] The container closed lifting device opener of the present invention comprises a box body placed vertically and a box cover connected to the front side of the box body, a pull rod and a gear transmission mechanism are arranged in the closed box formed by the box body and the box cover, the upper end of the pull rod passes through the square hole at the top of the closed box and is placed outside the closed box, the upper end of the pull rod is provided with a lifting hole, the lower end of the pull rod is a pull rod boss, which is placed in the closed box, the pull rod boss is provided with a pin shaft hole passing through left and right, the front side of the pull rod boss is provided with two left and right symmetrical positioning holes connected to the pin shaft hole, the pin shaft hole is provided with an inverted trapezoidal hole whose length is greater than the pin shaft hole A pin shaft, the left and right end surfaces of the pin shaft are left and right lower inclined surfaces, and a spring locating bead is installed on the pin shaft to cooperate with the left and right locating holes. The position of the spring locating bead on the pin shaft satisfies: when the spring locating bead is embedded in any of the left and right locating holes, the end of the pin shaft on the same side as the embedded locating hole extends out of the pin shaft hole, and the end of the pin shaft on the other side is retracted into the pin shaft hole. A rear guide groove that cooperates with the rear guide key on the box body is opened on the rear side of the pull rod boss, and the lower end of the rear guide key is connected to the pull rod limit block on the box body. The gear transmission mechanism includes The gear located directly below the pull rod limit block and the left and right sliders with exactly the same structure symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides of the gear, the gear is fixed on the gear shaft, the two ends of the gear shaft respectively pass through the box body and the box cover to extend to the outside of the closed box, the gear shaft is installed on the box body through bearings, the left and right guide keys on the left and right sliders respectively cooperate with the left and right rear guide grooves on the box body and the left and right front guide grooves on the box cover, the left and right sliders facing the gear on one side respectively include, from top to bottom, a boss that can cooperate with the upper surface of the pin shaft end on the same side, a boss that can cooperate with the pin shaft on the same side The lower inclined surface of the left and right sliders cooperates with the inclined boss and the rack meshing with the gear. The movement relationship between the left and right sliders and the gear in the closed box satisfies: when any one of the left and right sliders moves upward from the lowest end of its up and down stroke to the top of the closed box and stops, the gear just rotates 90°, and the other slider runs to the lowest end of its up and down stroke. The position of the inclined boss on the slider satisfies: when any lower inclined surface of the pin shaft moves downward to contact the inclined boss of the slider on the same side and completely extends the lower inclined surface of the other end of the pin shaft from the pin shaft hole, the position of the pin shaft is now located below the boss of the slider on the other side.
[0005] The container spreader closed opener and closer of the present invention comprises a front guide groove on the front side of the lower boss of the pull rod, and a front guide key matched with the front guide groove is provided on the container cover.
[0006] The closed opener and closer of the container spreader of the present invention transmits the lifting force of the crane on the pull rod to the gear shaft of the fixed gear through the gear transmission mechanism to perform a 90° reversal rotation, so as to realize the automatic hanging and unhanging of the spreader and the container. The stroke required for the reversing action of the closed opener and closer of the container spreader of the present invention is 90 to 150 mm, and its reversing stroke is short, which can meet the requirements of low-headroom lifting operations with limited height. The closed opener and closer of the container spreader of the present invention is closed, which reduces the influence of dust in the working environment on the lubrication of the transmission mechanism in the closed box, has good lubrication effect, reduces the wear of the transmission mechanism, and increases the service life of the transmission mechanism.
[0007] The embodiments of the closed type closer for container spreader of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0008] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the closed type opening and closing device of the container spreader of the present invention without the container cover installed;
[0009] Figure 2 This is a front view of the closed opener and closer of the container spreader of the present invention;
[0010] Figure 3 The container spreader closed opening and closing device of the present invention Figure 2 An enlarged view of the AA section view;
[0011] Figure 4 This is a front view of the container spreader closer of the present invention without the container cover installed;
[0012] Figure 5 The container spreader opening and closing device of the present invention Figure 4 BB cross-sectional view;
[0013] Figure 6 The figure is a schematic diagram of the installation position of the container spreader opener and closer on the container spreader of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0014] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the container spreader closed opener of the present invention comprises a vertically placed box body 1 and a box cover 2 connected to the front open end of the box body 1 by bolts. In the closed box formed by the box body 1 and the box cover 2, there is also a pull rod 5 located in the center and a gear transmission mechanism located below the pull rod 5. The upper end of the pull rod 5 is located outside the closed box body and connected to the crane. Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the front and rear ends of the gear shaft 7 of the gear transmission mechanism pass through the box cover 2 and the box body 1 respectively, and are connected to the transmission mechanisms 95 and 96 fixed on the left and right sides of the hanger 94 of the container spreader. The lower end of the shutter is welded to the hanger 94 of the spreader.
[0015] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the top of the box body 1 is provided with a square hole 13 for cooperating with the tie rod 5. The upper end of the tie rod 5 passes through the square hole 13 and is located outside the closed box. The upper end of the tie rod 5 is provided with a lifting hole 51 for connecting with the hook of the crane. The lower end of the tie rod 5 is a tie rod boss 52. The rear side of the tie rod boss 52 is provided with a rear guide groove 56 for cooperating with the rear guide key 14 on the box body 1. The lower end of the rear guide key 14 is a tie rod stopper 15. The rear guide key 14 and the tie rod stopper 15 are integrally formed with the box body 1. The front side of the tie rod boss 52 is provided with a front guide groove 57 for cooperating with the front guide key 23 on the box cover 2. The front guide key 23 is integrally formed with the box cover 2. The front and rear guide grooves 57, 56 of the tie rod boss 52 of the tie rod 5 can slide up and down along the front and rear guide keys 23, 14 respectively. The tie rod stopper 15 is used to limit the extreme position of the tie rod 5 sliding downward. The lengths of the front and rear guide keys 23 and 14 are such that when the pull rod 5 slides up and down along the guide keys, the lifting hole 51 always remains above the box 1, so that the crane can be connected to it. The pull rod boss 52 is provided with a pin hole 53 that runs through the left and right sides, and the front side of the pull rod boss 52 is provided with two symmetrical left and right positioning holes 54 and 55, which are respectively connected to the pin hole 53, and a pin 8 that matches it is placed in the pin hole 53. The longitudinal section of the pin 8 is an inverted trapezoid, and the two end faces of the pin 8 are the lower left inclined surface 82 and the lower right inclined surface 83, respectively, and the length of the pin 8 is greater than the length of the pin hole 53. The pin shaft 8 is equipped with a spring locating bead 81 that matches the left and right locating holes 54, 55. The position of the spring locating bead 81 on the pin shaft 8 satisfies: when the spring locating bead 81 is embedded in any of the left and right locating holes 54, 55, the end of the pin shaft 8 on the same side as the embedded locating hole extends out of the pin shaft hole 53, while the end of the pin shaft 8 on the other side is retracted into the pin shaft hole 53.
[0016] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 5As shown, the gear transmission mechanism includes a gear 6 and two left and right sliders 3, 4 with completely identical structures. The gear 6 is located directly below the pull rod limit block 15, and the gear 6 is fixed on the gear shaft 7. The two ends 71, 72 of the gear shaft 7 respectively pass through the box body 1 and the box cover 2 to extend to the outside of the closed box, and the gear shaft 7 is installed on the box body 1 through a bearing 73. The left and right sliders 3, 4 are symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides of the gear 6. The left and right sliders 3, 4 include left and right guide keys 34, 44 integrally formed therewith. The rear ends of the left and right guide keys 34, 44 respectively cooperate with the left and right rear guide grooves 11, 12 on the box body 1 and can slide up and down, and the front ends of the left and right guide keys 34, 44 respectively cooperate with the left and right front guide grooves 21, 22 on the box cover 2 and can slide up and down. The sides of the left and right sliders 3, 4 facing the gear respectively include bosses 31, 41, inclined bosses 32, 42 and racks 33, 43 from top to bottom. The bosses 31 and 41 can cooperate with the upper surface of the end of the pin shaft 8 on the same side. When the pull rod 5 is lifted upward, the upper surface of the end of the pin shaft 8 extending out of the pin shaft hole 53 can drive the bosses 31 and 41 on the same side to move upward, thereby driving the entire slider 3 and 4 on the same side to slide upward. The inclined bosses 32 and 42 can cooperate and contact with the lower inclined surfaces 82 and 83 at the end of the pin shaft 8 on the same side, and the inclined bosses 32 and 42 have the same inclination angle as the lower inclined surfaces 82 and 83. When the pull rod 5 moves downward under the action of gravity, the lower inclined surface 82 or 83 extending out of the pin shaft hole 53 contacts the inclined boss 32 or 42 of the slider on the same side and enters the pin shaft hole 53. The racks 33 and 43 are respectively meshed with the gear 6. The motion relationship between the left and right sliders 3, 4 and the gear 6 in the closed box satisfies: when any one of the left and right sliders 3, 4 moves upward from the lowest end of its vertical stroke to the top of the closed box and stops, the gear 6 just rotates 90 degrees, and the other slider moves to the lowest end of its vertical stroke. The positions of the inclined bosses 32, 42 on the sliders 3, 4 satisfy: when any lower inclined surface 82, 83 of the pin 8 moves downward to contact the inclined bosses 32, 42 of the sliders 3, 4 on the same side and the other lower inclined surface 83, 82 of the pin 8 is fully extended from the pin hole 53, the position of the pin 8 is now located below the bosses 41, 31 of the sliders 4, 3 on the other side.
[0017] The working principle of the container spreader closed opener of the present invention is as follows: in the initial state, when the crane does not apply a lifting force to the tie rod 5, the tie rod boss 52 at the lower end of the tie rod 5 is located on the upper surface of the tie rod stopper 15. At this time, assuming that the upper end of the left slider 3 is located at the top of the closed box, the right slider 4 is located at the lowest end of its stroke, and the right end of the pin 6 extends out of the pin hole 53. In the working state, when the crane applies a lifting force to the tie rod 5, the tie rod 5 moves upward under the action of the lifting force, and the upper surface of the pin 6 extending out of the right end of the pin hole 53 contacts the right boss 41 located above it, driving the right slider 4 to move upward, and the right rack 43 on the right slider 4 drives the gear 6 to rotate counterclockwise, and at the same time drives the left slider 3 to move downward from the top of the closed box. When the upper end of the right slider 4 runs to the top of the closed box and stops, the gear 6 just rotates 90° counterclockwise. Driven by the gear 6, the gear shaft 7 also rotates 90°, and the transmission mechanism 95, 96 on the hanger connected to the gear shaft 7 drives the hanger rotary lock shaft 97, 98 to rotate 90°, realizing the automatic hanging or unhanging of the hanger and the container. Then, when the crane stops applying the lifting force to the pull rod 5, the pull rod 5 moves downward along the front and rear guide keys 23, 14 under the action of its own gravity, and the left and right sliders 3, 4 remain stationary due to the meshing relationship with the gear 6. During the downward movement of the pull rod 5, the right lower inclined surface 83 of the pin shaft 6 extending out of the pin shaft hole 53 touches the right inclined boss 42 of the right slider 4, and then is embedded in the pin shaft hole 53, and the left end of the pin shaft 6 extends out of the pin shaft hole 53. Therefore, it can be seen that when the pull rod 5 loses its lifting force, the gear 6 is always in a stationary state, so the rotary lock shaft of the hanger remains in its original state. If the crane applies a lifting force to the pull rod 5 again at this time, the pull rod 5 continues to move upward along the front and rear guide keys 23, 14 under the action of the lifting force, and the upper surface of the pin shaft 6 extending from the left end of the pin shaft hole 53 contacts the left boss 31, driving the left slider 3 to move upward, and the left rack 33 on the left slider 3 drives the gear 6 to rotate clockwise, while the gear 6 drives the right slider 4 to move downward. When the upper end of the left slider 3 runs to the top of the closed box, the gear 6 just rotates 90° clockwise. The sling rotary lock shafts 97, 98 also rotate 90° under the drive of the transmission mechanism 95, 96 on the hanger, realizing the automatic hanging or unhanging of the sling and the container. It can be seen from the working principle of the above opener and closeer that the opener and closeer can only perform the reversing action under the lifting force of the crane to realize the automatic hanging or unhanging of the sling and the container. Moreover, the crane hook stroke required for the container sling closed opener and closeer of the present invention to realize the reversing action is 90-150mm, which can meet the low clearance lifting operation.
[0018] The closed opener and closer of the container spreader of the present invention requires a short crane hook stroke to realize the reversing action, which can meet the requirements of low clearance lifting operations with limited height. At the same time, the closed opener and closer of the container spreader of the present invention is a closed box, which reduces the influence of dust in the working environment on the grease lubrication of the transmission structure in the closed box, has a good lubrication effect, reduces the wear of the internal transmission mechanism, and increases the practical life of the transmission mechanism in the opener and closer.
[0019] The above embodiments are merely descriptions of preferred implementation modes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.
Claims
1. A closed type opener and closer for container spreader, characterized in that: The invention comprises a box body placed vertically and a box cover connected to the front side of the box body, a pull rod and a gear transmission mechanism are arranged in the closed box formed by the box body and the box cover, the upper end of the pull rod passes through the square hole at the top of the closed box and is placed outside the closed box, the upper end of the pull rod is provided with a lifting hole, the lower end of the pull rod is a pull rod boss, which is placed in the closed box, the pull rod boss is provided with a pin shaft hole passing through left and right, the front side of the pull rod boss is provided with two left and right symmetrical positioning holes connected with the pin shaft hole, the pin shaft hole is provided with an inverted trapezoidal pin shaft whose length is greater than the pin shaft hole, and the left and right end faces of the pin shaft are left and right lower inclined surfaces The pin shaft is provided with a spring locating bead which cooperates with the left and right locating holes, and the position of the spring locating bead on the pin shaft satisfies that: when the spring locating bead is embedded in any of the left and right locating holes, the end of the pin shaft on the same side as the embedded locating hole extends out of the pin shaft hole, and the end of the pin shaft on the other side is retracted into the pin shaft hole. A rear guide groove which cooperates with the rear guide key on the box body is opened on the rear side of the pull rod boss, and the lower end of the rear guide key is connected to the pull rod limit block on the box body. The gear transmission mechanism includes a gear located directly below the pull rod limit block and a key symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides of the gear. The left and right sliders are completely identical in structure, the gear is fixed on the gear shaft, the two ends of the gear shaft respectively pass through the box body and the box cover to extend to the outside of the closed box, the gear shaft is installed on the box body through bearings, the left and right guide keys on the left and right sliders respectively cooperate with the left and right rear guide grooves on the box body and the left and right front guide grooves on the box cover, and the left and right sliders facing the gear respectively include, from top to bottom, a boss that can cooperate with the upper surface of the pin shaft end on the same side, an inclined boss that can cooperate with the left lower inclined surface or the right lower inclined surface of the pin shaft on the same side, and a rack meshing with the gear, and the left and right sliders The movement relationship with the gear in the closed box satisfies: when any one of the left and right sliders moves upward from the lowest end of its up and down stroke to the top of the closed box and stops, the gear just rotates 90°, and the other slider moves to the lowest end of its up and down stroke, and the positions of the inclined bosses on the left and right sliders respectively satisfy: when any one of the left and right lower inclined surfaces of the pin shaft moves downward to contact the inclined boss of the left slider or the inclined boss of the right slider on the same side and completely extends the other end of the pin shaft The lower right inclined surface or the lower left inclined surface of the pin shaft is completely extended from the pin shaft hole, the pin shaft is now located below the boss of the right slider or the boss of the left slider on the other side.
2. The container spreader closed type closer according to claim 1, characterized in that: A front guide groove is formed on the front side of the pull rod boss of the pull rod, and a front guide key matched with the front guide groove is formed on the box cover.