Wheel-rail transport vehicle and balancing method thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses a wheel-rail transport vehicle and a balancing method thereof. The wheel-rail transport vehicle includes a load-bearing vehicle plate and a vehicle bridge. The bottom end of the load-bearing vehicle plate is equipped with a frame beam that plays a supporting role. The frame beam and the vehicle bridge are connected by a balancing mechanism. By introducing the hydraulic balancing principle and combining the rigid body component balancing principle, the number, size, and position of the hydraulic cylinders can be flexibly arranged according to the load-bearing target and the moment balance relationship, so that the number of balancing arm stages and the number of wheels under each hydraulic cylinder can be set respectively. Therefore, it is more convenient to adjust the number of wheels and wheel pressure as a whole or locally under the premise of satisfying balanced and clear force. In addition, due to the reduction in the number of balancing arm stages, the mechanism is simplified and compact in structure. At the same time, due to the simplification and compactness, the length of the balancing arm, that is, the force span, is greatly reduced, thereby greatly reducing the cross-sectional size of the balancing arm and reducing its weight to a greater extent, that is, miniaturization, and it is very easy to optimize and modularize.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of transportation technology, and in particular to a wheel-rail transport vehicle and a balancing method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The wheel-rail transport vehicle is usually configured as a heavy-duty vehicle frame, several or more or even multiple sets of axles below it, and multiple or more sets of wheels below the latter. These wheels need to be evenly loaded so that the forces on each structure and mechanism are clear and available. For this purpose, a balance-type articulated arm (i.e., a balancing mechanism) is usually used to connect the axles to balance the load. These balancing mechanisms and axles form a pyramid-shaped configuration.

[0003] Analyze such a configuration: the weight of the topmost heavy object is evenly transmitted to one primary balancing arm, then to two lower balancing arms, then to four lower balancing arms, then to the third balancing arms... 2 to the power of n, and the two ends of the last balancing arm are connected to the wheels of the axle. The number of wheels and the number of balancing arms required are determined according to the weight of the heavy object and the load-bearing capacity of a single wheel. Therefore, especially in the case of large tonnage, such a configuration results in an increase in the number of levels, complex structure, large and bulky structure, and the outline size is too large to be used when the appearance is limited. Moreover, it can be seen from the above that the number of wheels should be = 1x2x2x2x2..., and under the condition of a certain load-bearing object and the corresponding number of balancing arms and wheels, the wheel pressure is generally not the standard value. In order to meet the standard values ​​of wheel load-bearing capacity and wheel pressure at the same time (forming standardization and modularization), it is necessary to adjust the number of balancing arms, that is, the number of wheels. However, in the case of a large number of balancing arms, adding or subtracting one balancing arm will cause a huge change in the number of wheels and cannot be achieved.

[0004] In summary, the original configuration has defects in performance and cost, resulting in a waste of social resource efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the background technology, the present invention discloses a wheel-rail transport vehicle, which uses a relatively novel structural setting, makes the mechanism extremely simplified, the structure lightweight, the size of the whole machine small and can be flexibly adjusted, and meets the requirements of economical standardization and modularization. The above-mentioned defects of the original configuration are solved.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:

[0007] A wheel-rail transport vehicle comprises a load-bearing vehicle plate and a vehicle axle, wherein a vehicle frame beam for supporting is installed at the bottom end of the load-bearing vehicle plate, and the vehicle frame beam and the vehicle axle are connected via a plurality of balancing mechanisms arranged along the length direction of the vehicle frame beam;

[0008] The balancing mechanism is composed of a hydraulic cylinder, a primary articulated balancing arm and a secondary articulated balancing arm;

[0009] The top end of the hydraulic cylinder is installed at the bottom end of the frame beam, and the bottom end of the hydraulic cylinder is fixed to the middle part of the primary articulated balance arm. The two ends of the primary articulated balance arm are connected to the axle through the secondary articulated balance arm.

[0010] The bottom end of the first-level articulated balancing arm is composed of a bottom plate and an intermediate plate placed in parallel, and the bottom plate and the intermediate plate are connected by a vertical plate arranged vertically, and the top end of the first-level articulated balancing arm is composed of mounting plate one, mounting plate two, mounting plate three and mounting plate four arranged in parallel on the upper surface of the intermediate plate, and mounting grooves for connecting the second-level articulated balancing arm are formed between mounting plate one and mounting plate two, and between mounting plate three and mounting plate four, and top plates are installed at positions corresponding to each mounting plate between the bottom plate and the intermediate plate, and the bottom end of the hydraulic cylinder is fixed to the surface of the intermediate plate between mounting plate two and mounting plate three through a flange, and the second-level articulated balancing arm includes a flat plate, a connecting plate is arranged at the middle position of the lower surface of the flat plate, and connecting frames for connecting the axle are respectively arranged on both sides of the lower surface of the flat plate, and the connecting frames on both sides are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the connecting plate, and the connecting plate is pivotally connected to the mounting groove through a pin shaft.

[0011] The hydraulic cylinders in the plurality of balancing mechanisms are distributed at the bottom end of the frame beam, and the oil circuit of one of the hydraulic cylinders is independently arranged, while the pressure chambers of the other hydraulic cylinders are interconnected.

[0012] Evenly distributed wheels are installed inside the axle.

[0013] The center line of the hydraulic cylinder and the symmetry line of the frame beam are vertically arranged in the same plane. The connecting frame on the secondary articulated balance arm is in a U-shape, and the upper end of the axle is located inside the connecting frame. The connecting frame and the axle are rotationally connected through a pin shaft.

[0014] A balancing method for a wheel-rail transport vehicle:

[0015] S1: Place the load to be transported securely on the set position on the load-bearing vehicle plate;

[0016] S2: The gravity of the load-bearing vehicle plate is transmitted to the hydraulic cylinder through the frame beam; the oil pressure of the pressure chambers of the hydraulic cylinders connected by the pressure chambers is equal, and their respective bearing forces are proportional to the area of ​​their respective pressure chambers; by designing the appropriate positions of the hydraulic cylinders, according to the rigid body balance principle, the lift of all hydraulic cylinders, including a hydraulic cylinder with an independent oil circuit, can be stable, that is, the frame beam connected to it is in a stable state and the oil pressure of the pressure chambers of each hydraulic cylinder can be equal; at this time, even if the height change of the wheel causes the elevation change of the bottom of the corresponding hydraulic cylinder, due to the interconnected oil circuit and the rigid body balance principle, the oil pressure and force of each hydraulic cylinder remain constant; by controlling the oil circuit, the heavy objects on the frame beam connected to the hydraulic cylinder can be raised and lowered, thereby having the function of loading and unloading;

[0017] S3: The force received by the hydraulic cylinder is transmitted to the primary articulated balancing arm. Since the primary articulated balancing arm is hinged at the middle section of the secondary articulated balancing arm, the force received by the primary articulated balancing arm is evenly distributed on the secondary articulated balancing arms connected at both ends.

[0018] S4: Since the vehicle axle is distributed at both ends of the secondary articulated balancing arm and the force position of the secondary articulated balancing arm is in the middle, the forces acting on the vehicle axle from both ends of the secondary articulated balancing arm are equal. Therefore, the forces acting on the wheels under the vehicle axle are also balanced, thereby achieving a balancing effect.

[0019] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] The wheel-rail transport vehicle described in the present invention introduces the hydraulic balance principle and combines it with the rigid body component balance principle. It can flexibly arrange the number, size and position of the hydraulic cylinders according to the load-bearing target and the moment balance relationship, so that the number of balance arms and the number of wheels under each hydraulic cylinder can be set respectively. Therefore, it is more convenient to adjust the number of wheels and wheel pressure as a whole or in part under the premise of meeting the balanced and clear force. In addition, due to the reduction in the number of balance arms, the mechanism is simplified and compact. At the same time, due to the simplification and compactness, the length of the balance arm, that is, the force span, is greatly reduced, thereby greatly reducing the cross-sectional size of the balance arm and reducing its weight to a greater extent, that is, miniaturization, and it is very easy to optimize and modularize. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is an overall side view of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 It is an overall front view of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a side view of the balancing mechanism of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a front view of the balancing mechanism of the present invention;

[0025] 1. Load-bearing vehicle plate; 2. Frame beam; 3. Hydraulic cylinder; 4. Primary articulated balance arm; 41. Bottom plate; 42. Middle plate; 43. Mounting plate one; 44. Mounting plate two; 45. Mounting plate three; 46. Mounting plate four; 47. Vertical plate; 48. Top plate; 5. Secondary articulated balance arm; 51. Flat plate; 52. Connecting frame; 53. Connecting plate; 6. Axle; 7. Wheel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The present invention can be explained in detail by the following examples, and the purpose of disclosing the present invention is to protect all technical improvements within the scope of the present invention.

[0027] Combined with Figures 1 to 4 A wheel-rail transport vehicle, comprising a load-bearing vehicle plate 1 and a vehicle axle 6, a frame beam 2 for supporting is installed at the bottom end of the load-bearing vehicle plate 1, and the frame beam 2 and the vehicle axle 6 are connected by a plurality of balancing mechanisms arranged along the length direction of the frame beam;

[0028] The balancing mechanism is composed of a hydraulic cylinder 3, a primary articulated balancing arm 4 and a secondary articulated balancing arm 5;

[0029] The top end of the hydraulic cylinder 3 is installed at the bottom end of the frame beam 2, and the bottom end of the hydraulic cylinder 3 is fixed to the middle of the primary articulated balance arm 4. The two ends of the primary articulated balance arm 4 are connected to the axle 6 through the secondary articulated balance arm 5.

[0030] The bottom end of the primary articulated balancing arm 4 is composed of a bottom plate 41 and an intermediate plate 42 placed in parallel, and the bottom plate 41 and the intermediate plate 42 are connected by a vertical plate 47. The top end of the primary articulated balancing arm 4 is composed of a mounting plate 1 43, a mounting plate 2 44, a mounting plate 3 45 and a mounting plate 4 46 arranged in parallel on the upper surface of the intermediate plate 42. A mounting groove for connecting the secondary articulated balancing arm 5 is formed between the mounting plate 1 43 and the mounting plate 2 44, and between the mounting plate 3 45 and the mounting plate 4 46. The bottom plate 41 and the intermediate plate 4 2, a top plate 48 is installed at the position corresponding to each mounting plate, the bottom end of the hydraulic cylinder 3 is fixed to the surface of the middle plate 42 between the mounting plate 2 44 and the mounting plate 3 45 through a flange, the secondary articulated balance arm 5 includes a flat plate 51, a connecting plate 53 is arranged at the middle position of the lower surface of the flat plate 51, and connecting frames 52 for connecting the axle 6 are respectively arranged on both sides of the lower surface of the flat plate 51, and the connecting frames 52 on both sides are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the connecting plate 53, and the connecting plate 53 is pivotally connected to the mounting groove through a pin shaft.

[0031] The hydraulic cylinders 3 in the several balancing mechanisms are evenly distributed at the bottom end of the frame beam 2, that is, the positions are determined by their bearing capacity, corresponding number and the balance relationship of the rigid body components, and one of the hydraulic cylinders 3 has an independent oil circuit, and the pressure chambers of the other hydraulic cylinders 3 are interconnected. A cylindrical tray is installed on the top of one of the hydraulic cylinders 3, and a sled tray is installed on the top of the other hydraulic cylinders 3. The longitudinal axis of the frame beam 2 is perpendicular to the main line of the cylindrical tray, and the axial direction of the frame beam 2 is the sliding direction of the sled tray. The bottom end of the frame beam 2 is bolted to the cylindrical tray through a flange, and the bottom end of the frame beam 2 is bolted to the sled tray through a flange.

[0032] Evenly distributed wheels 7 are installed inside the axle 6 .

[0033] The center line of the hydraulic cylinder 3 and the symmetry line of the frame beam 2 are arranged vertically in the same plane. The connecting frame 52 under the secondary articulated balance arm 5 is buckled above the axle 6. The connecting frame 52 and the axle 6 are rotatably connected through a pin shaft. For the frame beam 2, a certain value of load is supported on it, and there is an independent hydraulic cylinder 3 of oil circuit and a plurality of hydraulic cylinders 3 connected with pressure chambers under it. When their relative positions are determined, according to the moment balance principle, even if the bottom of any one or several hydraulic cylinders 3 floats up and down by a certain amplitude, their forces are clear, unique and mechanically stable. In this way, by simply increasing the number of hydraulic cylinders 3 connected with pressure chambers, the number of wheels connected to the bottom of this part of the hydraulic cylinders 3 in a tree-like manner can be simply increased, without correspondingly increasing the number of articulated balance arms, the complexity of the structure, the number of excessive wheels and the size of the whole machine. At the same time, these wheels still ensure the load distribution determined by the mechanical and hydraulic principles under the limited fluctuation of the running foundation.

[0034] A first-level articulated balancing arm under a hydraulic cylinder contained in a single balancing mechanism is perpendicular to the associated second-level balancing arm in space, and the four wheels thereunder are distributed in a rectangular vertex, so that these single balancing mechanisms appear as statically determinate systems in spatial mechanics. Based on this and by adjusting their rated load-bearing capacity, a modular system with a single balancing mechanism as the basic unit can be formed.

[0035] A balancing method for a wheel-rail transport vehicle,

[0036] S1: securely place the load to be transported on the set position on the load-bearing vehicle plate 1;

[0037] S2: The gravity exerted on the load-bearing vehicle plate is transmitted to the hydraulic cylinder through the load-bearing vehicle plate; the oil pressure in the pressure chambers of the hydraulic cylinders connected with each other is equal, and their respective bearing forces are proportional to the areas of their respective pressure chambers; by designing the appropriate positions of the hydraulic cylinders, according to the principle of rigid body balance, the lifts of all hydraulic cylinders, including a hydraulic cylinder with an independent oil circuit, can be stabilized, that is, the frame beam 2 connected thereto is in a stable state and the oil pressures in the pressure chambers of the hydraulic cylinders can be equal; at this time, even if the height change of the wheel causes the elevation change of the bottom of the corresponding hydraulic cylinder, due to the interconnected oil circuits and the principle of rigid body balance, the oil pressure and force of each hydraulic cylinder remain constant; by controlling the oil circuit, the heavy objects on the frame beam 2 connected to the hydraulic cylinder can be raised and lowered, thereby having the function of loading and unloading.

[0038] S3: The force received by the hydraulic cylinder is transmitted to the primary articulated balancing arm. Since the primary articulated balancing arm is hinged at the middle section of the secondary articulated balancing arm, the force received by the primary articulated balancing arm is evenly distributed on the secondary articulated balancing arms connected at both ends.

[0039] S4: Since the vehicle axle 6 is distributed at both ends of the secondary articulated balancing arm and the force-bearing position of the secondary articulated balancing arm is in the middle, the forces acting on the vehicle axle 6 from both ends of the secondary articulated balancing arm are equal. At this time, the forces acting on the wheels under the vehicle axle 6 are also balanced, thereby achieving a balancing effect.

[0040] The parts of the present invention that are not described in detail are prior art. Although the present invention is specifically demonstrated and introduced in conjunction with the preferred implementation scheme, there are many methods and approaches to specifically implement the technical solution. The above is only a preferred implementation scheme of the present invention, but technical personnel in the relevant field should understand that various changes can be made to the present invention in form and details without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined in the attached claims, and all of them are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wheel-rail transport vehicle, comprising a load-bearing vehicle plate (1) and a vehicle axle (6), characterized in that: A frame beam (2) having a supporting function is installed at the bottom end of the load-bearing vehicle plate (1), and the frame beam (2) and the vehicle axle (6) are connected via a plurality of balancing mechanisms arranged along the length direction of the frame beam (2); The balancing mechanism is composed of a single hydraulic cylinder (3), a single primary articulated balancing arm (4) and two secondary articulated balancing arms (5); The top end of the hydraulic cylinder (3) is mounted on the bottom end of the frame beam (2), the bottom end of the hydraulic cylinder (3) is fixed to the middle of a primary articulated balancing arm (4), and both ends of the primary articulated balancing arm (4) are connected to the axle (6) via a secondary articulated balancing arm (5); The bottom end of the primary articulated balancing arm (4) is composed of a bottom plate (41) and a middle plate (42) placed in parallel, the bottom plate (41) and the middle plate (42) being connected via a vertical plate (47) arranged vertically, the top end of the primary articulated balancing arm (4) is composed of a mounting plate 1 (43), a mounting plate 2 (44), a mounting plate 3 (45) and a mounting plate 4 (46) arranged parallel to the upper surface of the middle plate (42), mounting grooves for connecting the secondary articulated balancing arm (5) are formed between the mounting plate 1 (43) and the mounting plate 2 (44) and between the mounting plate 3 (45) and the mounting plate 4 (46), the bottom plate (41) and the middle plate (42) being connected via a vertical plate (47) arranged vertically, and the top end of the primary articulated balancing arm (4) is composed of a mounting plate 1 (43), a mounting plate 2 (44), a mounting plate 3 (45) and a mounting plate 4 (46) arranged parallel to the upper surface of the middle plate (42). A top plate (48) is installed at a position corresponding to each mounting plate between the plates (42); the bottom end of the hydraulic cylinder (3) is fixed to the upper surface of the middle plate (42) between the second mounting plate (44) and the third mounting plate (45) via a flange; the secondary articulated balance arm (5) comprises a flat plate (51); a connecting plate (53) is arranged at a middle position of the lower surface of the flat plate (51); connecting frames (52) for connecting the axle (6) are respectively arranged on both sides of the lower surface of the flat plate (51); the connecting frames (52) on both sides are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the connecting plate (53); and the connecting plate (53) is pivotally connected to the mounting groove via a pin shaft; The hydraulic cylinders (3) in the plurality of balancing mechanisms are distributed at the bottom end of the frame beam (2), and the oil circuit of one of the hydraulic cylinders (3) is independently arranged, while the pressure chambers of the remaining hydraulic cylinders (3) are interconnected; Evenly distributed wheels (7) are installed inside the axle (6); The center line of the hydraulic cylinder (3) and the symmetry line of the frame beam (2) are vertically arranged in the same plane, the connecting frame (52) on the secondary articulated balance arm (5) is in a square shape, the upper end of the axle (6) is located inside the connecting frame, and the connecting frame (52) and the axle (6) are rotatably connected via a pin shaft; The balancing method of the wheel-rail transport vehicle comprises: S1: securely placing the load to be transported at a set position on the load-bearing vehicle plate (1); S2: The gravity exerted on the load-bearing vehicle plate is transmitted to the hydraulic cylinder through the frame beam (2); the oil pressures in the pressure chambers of the hydraulic cylinders connected to each other are equal, and the loads they bear are proportional to the areas of their respective pressure chambers; by designing the appropriate positions of the hydraulic cylinders, according to the rigid body balance principle, the lifts of all hydraulic cylinders, including a hydraulic cylinder with an independent oil circuit, can be stabilized, that is, the frame beam (2) connected to them is in a stable state and the oil pressures in the pressure chambers of the hydraulic cylinders can be equal; at this time, even if the height of the wheel changes, causing the bottom elevation of the corresponding hydraulic cylinder to change, the oil pressure and force of each hydraulic cylinder remain constant due to the interconnected oil circuits and the rigid body balance principle; by controlling the oil circuits, the heavy objects on the frame beam (2) connected to the hydraulic cylinders can be raised and lowered, thereby achieving a loading and unloading function; S3: The force received by the hydraulic cylinder is transmitted to the primary articulated balancing arm. Since the primary articulated balancing arm is hinged at the middle section of the secondary articulated balancing arm, the force received by the primary articulated balancing arm is evenly distributed on the secondary articulated balancing arms connected at both ends. S4: Since the vehicle axle (6) is distributed at both ends of the secondary articulated balancing arm, and since the force-bearing position of the secondary articulated balancing arm is the middle position, the forces acting on the vehicle axle (6) from both ends of the secondary articulated balancing arm are equal. Therefore, at this time, the forces acting on the wheels under the vehicle axle (6) are also balanced, thereby achieving a balancing effect.

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