Conversion structure between double-layer and single-layer mining tunnel and its construction method

Abstract

The present invention is applicable to the field of tunnel technology, and provides a conversion structure between a double-layer and a single-layer mining method tunnel and a construction method thereof. The conversion structure of the present invention includes a single-hole double-layer large-section mining method tunnel, a dark-excavation conversion tunnel, and a single-layer small-section mining method tunnel. The dark-excavation conversion tunnel is located between the large-section mining method tunnel and the small-section mining method tunnel, solving the conversion problem between the single-hole double-layer large-section mining method tunnel and the double-hole single-layer small-section mining method tunnel. The conversion structure of the present invention adopts the mining method dark-excavation construction, has little impact on the ground surface, has low cost, strong feasibility, and is worthy of large-scale promotion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnels, and in particular relates to a conversion structure between a double-layer and a single-layer mining method tunnel and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the development of cities, my country's tunnels, especially large-section mining tunnels, have developed rapidly in recent years. Single-hole double-layer large-section mining tunnels have the advantages of saving land and economical construction costs, and are a major development direction in the future tunnel field. Due to the complex conditions of urban construction, it is inevitable that there will be a conversion between single-hole double-layer large-section mining tunnels and double-hole single-layer small-section mining tunnels.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a conversion structure and a corresponding construction method that can effectively solve the conversion problem between the two tunnel structure types. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a conversion structure between double-layer and single-layer mining method tunnels and a construction method thereof, aiming to solve the conversion problem between the two tunnel structure types of single-hole double-layer large-section mining method tunnel and double-hole single-layer small-section mining method tunnel.

[0005] The present invention is implemented as follows: a conversion structure between a double-layer and a single-layer mining tunnel includes a single-hole double-layer large-section mining tunnel, a dark-excavated conversion tunnel and a single-layer small-section mining tunnel, wherein the small-section mining tunnel includes a separated upper small-section mining tunnel and a lower small-section mining tunnel; the dark-excavated conversion tunnel is located between the large-section mining tunnel and the small-section mining tunnel.

[0006] Furthermore, the cross-sectional shapes of the large-section mining method tunnel, the dark-excavation conversion tunnel, and the small-section mining method tunnel are all horseshoe-shaped, and system anchor rods are arranged on the arch of each tunnel structure, and system anchor rods are also arranged on the side walls of the dark-excavation conversion tunnel. The tunnel structures of the large-section mining method tunnel, the dark-excavation conversion tunnel, and the small-section mining method tunnel are provided with primary support, waterproof layer and secondary lining from the outside to the inside.

[0007] Furthermore, the large-section mining tunnel is provided with a first middle plate, the upper tunnel is above the first middle plate, the lower tunnel is below the first middle plate, and the longitudinal slope of the upper tunnel of the large-section mining tunnel is consistent with the longitudinal slope of the lower tunnel.

[0008] Furthermore, the dark excavation conversion tunnel is a double-layer structure with a second middle plate in the middle, the upper tunnel is above the second middle plate, and the lower tunnel is below the second middle plate. The second middle plate maintains smooth connection with the first middle plate of the large-section mining method tunnel section along the longitudinal section of the upper tunnel.

[0009] Furthermore, the longitudinal slope of the upper tunnel of the dark-excavation conversion tunnel is different from the longitudinal slope of the lower tunnel, and the net height of the lower tunnel structure of the dark-excavation conversion tunnel is a variable value, which is a small value at one end close to the large-section mining tunnel and a large value at one end close to the small-section mining tunnel.

[0010] Furthermore, the arch contour line of the excavation section of the dark-excavation conversion tunnel is consistent with the arch contour line of the excavation section of the large-section mining method tunnel.

[0011] Furthermore, only a single-layer carriageway is arranged in the upper small-section mining tunnel and the lower small-section mining tunnel.

[0012] Furthermore, the small-section mining tunnel is close to the dark-excavation conversion tunnel, the upper small-section mining tunnel and the lower small-section mining tunnel are arranged vertically, and the net distance between the two tunnel structures is not less than 3m.

[0013] Furthermore, the large-section mining method tunnel, the dark-excavation conversion tunnel, the upper small-section mining method tunnel and the lower small-section mining method tunnel are all constructed using the mining method.

[0014] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention also provides a construction method of the above conversion structure, which can adopt the following two construction directions:

[0015] When the construction direction is from a double-layer large-section mining tunnel to a single-layer small-section mining tunnel, the construction method comprises the following steps:

[0016] S1. Use the mining method to construct the single-hole double-layer large-section mining method tunnel from top to bottom in layers to the boundary stake number between the large-section mining method tunnel and the dark-excavation conversion tunnel, and sequentially construct the system anchor rods, primary support, waterproof layer, secondary lining and first middle plate in the excavated area;

[0017] S2, using the mining method to construct the dark-cut conversion tunnel in layers from top to bottom to the boundary stake number between the dark-cut conversion tunnel and the small-section mining method tunnel section, and to trim and seal the tunnel face, and then sequentially construct the system anchor rods, primary support, waterproof layer, secondary lining and second middle plate of the excavated dark-cut conversion tunnel;

[0018] S3, constructing the lower small-section mining method tunnel along the lower tunnel design line by the mining method, and simultaneously constructing the system anchor rods, primary support, waterproof layer and secondary lining of the lower small-section mining method tunnel;

[0019] S4. Construct the upper small-section mining method tunnel along the design line of the upper tunnel by the mining method, and simultaneously construct the system anchor rods, primary support, waterproof layer and secondary lining of the upper small-section mining method tunnel. When the upper small-section mining method tunnel is constructed by blasting, the blasting vibration velocity at the crown of the lower small-section mining method tunnel is not more than 5 cm / s;

[0020] II When the construction direction is from a single-layer small-section mining tunnel to a double-layer large-section mining tunnel, the construction method includes the following steps:

[0021] S1. Construct the lower small-section mining method tunnel forward along the design line of the lower tunnel to the boundary stake number between the dark-excavated conversion tunnel and the small-section mining method tunnel by using the mining method, trim and close the heading face, and simultaneously construct the system anchor rods, primary support, waterproof layer and secondary lining of the lower small-section mining method tunnel;

[0022] S2. Construct the upper small-section mining method tunnel forward along the design line of the upper tunnel to the boundary stake number between the dark-excavated conversion tunnel and the small-section mining method tunnel by the mining method, and simultaneously construct the system anchor rods, primary support, waterproof layer and secondary lining of the upper small-section mining method tunnel. When the upper small-section mining method tunnel is constructed by blasting, the blasting vibration velocity at the crown of the lower small-section mining method tunnel is not more than 5 cm / s;

[0023] S3, starting from the boundary stake number between the dark-excavated conversion tunnel and the small-section mining method tunnel, the dark-excavated conversion tunnel is constructed layer by layer from top to bottom using the mining method to the boundary stake number between the large-section mining method tunnel and the dark-excavated conversion tunnel, and then the system anchor rods, primary support, waterproof layer, secondary lining and second middle plate of the excavated dark-excavated conversion tunnel are constructed in sequence;

[0024] S4. Starting from the dividing pile number between the large-section mining method tunnel and the dark-excavation conversion tunnel, continue forward and use the mining method to construct the single-hole double-layer large-section mining method tunnel in layers from top to bottom, and construct the system anchor rods, primary support, waterproof layer, secondary lining and first middle plate in the excavated area in sequence.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] The conversion structure of the present invention includes a single-hole double-layer large-section mining tunnel, a dark-excavation conversion tunnel, and a double-hole single-layer small-section mining tunnel. The dark-excavation conversion tunnel is located between the large-section mining tunnel and the small-section mining tunnel, solving the conversion problem between the single-hole double-layer large-section mining tunnel and the double-hole single-layer small-section mining tunnel. The conversion structure of the present invention adopts the mining method dark excavation construction, has little impact on the ground surface, low cost, strong feasibility, and is worthy of large-scale promotion. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the plan layout of a conversion structure between a double-layer mining method tunnel and a single-layer mining method tunnel provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the longitudinal section arrangement of the conversion structure shown;

[0029] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view of a single-hole, double-layer, large-section mining tunnel in the conversion structure shown;

[0030] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view of a dark-excavated transfer tunnel in the transfer structure shown;

[0031] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view of the dark-cut conversion tunnel in the conversion structure shown near the small-section mining method tunnel;

[0032] Figure 6 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross section of a small-section mining tunnel in the transfer structure shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0034] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention; the terms "first", "second", and "third" are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance; in addition, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be a connection between the two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0035] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 , shows a preferred embodiment provided by the present invention, a conversion structure between a double-layer mining method tunnel and a single-layer mining method tunnel, including a single-hole double-layer large-section mining method tunnel 1, a dark-excavated conversion tunnel 2, and a single-layer small-section mining method tunnel. The small-section mining method tunnel includes a separated upper-layer small-section mining method tunnel 3 and a lower-layer small-section mining method tunnel 4.

[0036] The above-mentioned dark excavation conversion tunnel 2 is located between the large-section mining method tunnel 1 and the small-section mining method tunnel.

[0037] Specifically, the cross-sectional shapes of the large-section mining tunnel 1, the dark-excavation conversion tunnel 2, and the small-section mining tunnel are all horseshoe-shaped. System anchor rods are set at the arch of each tunnel, and system anchor rods are also set at the side wall of the dark-excavation conversion tunnel 2. In addition, the tunnel structures of the large-section mining tunnel 1, the dark-excavation conversion tunnel 2, and the small-section mining tunnel are provided with primary support 5, waterproof layer 6, and secondary lining 7 from the outside to the inside.

[0038] See also Figure 3 The large-section mining tunnel 1 is provided with a first middle plate b1, the upper tunnel is located above the first middle plate b1, and the lower tunnel is located below the first middle plate b1. The longitudinal slope of the upper tunnel of the large-section mining tunnel 1 is consistent with the longitudinal slope of the lower tunnel.

[0039] See also Figure 4 The dark-excavation conversion tunnel 2 is a double-layer structure with a second middle plate b2 in the middle. The upper tunnel is above the second middle plate b2, and the lower tunnel is below the second middle plate b2. The second middle plate b2 is connected with the first middle plate b1 of the large-section mining tunnel 1 along the longitudinal section of the upper tunnel.

[0040] The longitudinal slope of the upper tunnel of the dark excavation conversion tunnel 2 is different from that of the lower tunnel. The net height of the lower tunnel structure of the dark excavation conversion tunnel 2 is a variable value. Please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 , it is a small value at the end close to the large-section mining tunnel 1, and a large value at the end close to the small-section mining tunnel.

[0041] The arch contour line of the excavation section of the dark-excavation conversion tunnel 2 is consistent with the arch contour line of the excavation section of the large-section mining method tunnel 1.

[0042] See also Figure 6 Only single-layer carriageways are arranged in the upper small-section mining tunnel 3 and the lower small-section mining tunnel 4.

[0043] The small-section mining method tunnel section is close to the dark-cut conversion tunnel 2. The upper small-section mining method tunnel 3 and the lower small-section mining method tunnel 4 are arranged vertically, and the net distance between the two tunnel structures is not less than 3m.

[0044] The separated upper small-section mining tunnel 3 and lower small-section mining tunnel 4 can freely adjust the plane and longitudinal section layout as needed. The lower small-section mining tunnel 4 is constructed before the upper small-section mining tunnel 3. When the upper small-section mining tunnel 3 is constructed by blasting, the blasting vibration speed at the arch of the lower small-section mining tunnel 4 is not greater than 5 cm / s.

[0045] The large-section mining method tunnel 1, the dark-excavation conversion tunnel 2, the upper small-section mining method tunnel 3 and the lower small-section mining method tunnel 4 are all constructed using the mining method. Furthermore, the dark-excavation conversion tunnel 2 is constructed in layers from top to bottom using the step method.

[0046] This embodiment also provides a construction method for the above conversion structure, which can adopt two construction directions:

[0047] When the construction direction is from the double-layer large-section mining method tunnel 1 to the single-layer small-section mining method tunnel, the following steps are included:

[0048] S1, using the mining method to construct a single-hole double-layer large-section mining method tunnel 1 from top to bottom in layers to the boundary stake number between the large-section mining method tunnel 1 and the dark-excavation conversion tunnel 2, and sequentially construct the system anchor rods, primary support 5, waterproof layer 6, secondary lining 7 and the first middle plate b1 in the excavated area;

[0049] S2, using the mining method to construct the dark excavation conversion tunnel 2 from top to bottom in layers to the boundary stake number between the dark excavation conversion tunnel 2 and the small-section mining method tunnel, and to trim and seal the heading face, and then sequentially construct the system anchor rods, primary support 5, waterproof layer 6, secondary lining 7 and second middle plate b2 of the excavated dark excavation conversion tunnel 2;

[0050] S3, construct the lower small-section mining method tunnel 4 along the lower tunnel design line by the mining method, and simultaneously construct the system anchor rods, primary support 5, waterproof layer 6 and secondary lining 7 of the lower small-section mining method tunnel 4;

[0051] S4. Construct the upper small-section mining method tunnel 3 along the design line of the upper tunnel by the mining method, and simultaneously construct the system anchor rods, primary support 5, waterproof layer 6 and secondary lining 7 of the upper small-section mining method tunnel 3.

[0052] II When the construction direction is from a single-layer small-section mining method tunnel to a double-layer large-section mining method tunnel 1, the following steps are included:

[0053] S1, construct the lower small-section mining method tunnel 4 along the design line of the lower tunnel by using the mining method to the boundary stake number between the dark-excavated conversion tunnel 2 and the small-section mining method tunnel, trim and close the heading face, and simultaneously construct the system anchor rods, primary support 5, waterproof layer 6 and secondary lining 7 of the lower small-section mining method tunnel 4;

[0054] S2, construct the upper small-section mining method tunnel 3 along the design line of the upper tunnel by mining method to the boundary pile number between the dark-excavated conversion tunnel 2 and the small-section mining method tunnel, and simultaneously construct the system anchor rods, primary support 5, waterproof layer 6 and secondary lining 7 of the upper small-section mining method tunnel 3. When the upper small-section mining method tunnel 3 is constructed by blasting method, the blasting vibration velocity at the arch of the lower small-section mining method tunnel 4 is not more than 5 cm / s;

[0055] S3, starting from the boundary stake number between the dark excavation conversion tunnel 2 and the small-section mining method tunnel, the dark excavation conversion tunnel 2 is constructed layer by layer from top to bottom using the mining method to the boundary stake number between the large-section mining method tunnel 1 and the dark excavation conversion tunnel 2, and then the system anchor rods, primary support 5, waterproof layer 6, secondary lining 7 and second middle plate b2 of the excavated dark excavation conversion tunnel 2 are constructed in sequence;

[0056] S4, starting from the dividing pile number between the large-section mining method tunnel 1 and the dark-excavation conversion tunnel 2, continue forward and use the mining method to construct the single-hole double-layer large-section mining method tunnel 1 in layers from top to bottom, and construct the system anchor rods, primary support 5, waterproof layer 6, secondary lining 7 and first middle plate b1 in the excavated area in turn.

[0057] The conversion structure of this embodiment solves the conversion problem between the single-hole double-layer large-section mining method tunnel 1 and the double-hole single-layer small-section mining method tunnel. The conversion section of this embodiment adopts the mining method dark excavation construction, which has little impact on the ground surface, low cost, strong feasibility, and is worthy of large-scale promotion.

[0058] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A construction method for a conversion structure between a double-layer and a single-layer mining tunnel, wherein the conversion structure comprises a single-hole double-layer large-section mining tunnel, a dark-excavated conversion tunnel, and a double-hole single-layer small-section mining tunnel, wherein the small-section mining tunnel comprises a separated upper-layer small-section mining tunnel and a lower-layer small-section mining tunnel; the dark-excavated conversion tunnel is located between the large-section mining tunnel and the small-section mining tunnel, and is characterized in that: The construction method comprises: When the construction direction is from a double-layer large-section mining tunnel to a single-layer small-section mining tunnel, the construction method comprises the following steps: S1. Use the mining method to construct the single-hole double-layer large-section mining method tunnel from top to bottom in layers to the boundary stake number between the large-section mining method tunnel and the dark-excavation conversion tunnel, and sequentially construct the system anchor rods, primary support, waterproof layer, secondary lining and first middle plate in the excavated area; S2, using the mining method to construct the dark-cut conversion tunnel in layers from top to bottom to the boundary stake number between the dark-cut conversion tunnel and the small-section mining method tunnel, and to trim and seal the tunnel face, and then sequentially construct the system anchor rods, primary support, waterproof layer, secondary lining and second middle plate of the excavated dark-cut conversion tunnel section; S3, constructing the lower small-section mining method tunnel along the lower tunnel design line by the mining method, and simultaneously constructing the system anchor rods, primary support, waterproof layer and secondary lining of the lower small-section mining method tunnel; S4. Construct the upper small-section mining method tunnel along the design line of the upper tunnel by the mining method, and simultaneously construct the system anchor rods, primary support, waterproof layer and secondary lining of the upper small-section mining method tunnel. When the upper small-section mining method tunnel is constructed by blasting, the blasting vibration velocity at the crown of the lower small-section mining method tunnel is not more than 5 cm / s; II When the construction direction is from a single-layer small-section mining tunnel to a double-layer large-section mining tunnel, the construction method includes the following steps: S1. Construct the lower small-section mining method tunnel forward along the design line of the lower tunnel to the boundary stake number between the dark-excavated conversion tunnel and the small-section mining method tunnel by using the mining method, trim and close the heading face, and simultaneously construct the system anchor rods, primary support, waterproof layer and secondary lining of the lower small-section mining method tunnel; S2. Construct the upper small-section mining method tunnel forward along the design line of the upper tunnel to the boundary stake number between the dark-cut conversion tunnel and the small-section mining method tunnel by the mining method, and simultaneously construct the system anchor rods, primary support, waterproof layer and secondary lining of the upper small-section mining method tunnel. When the upper small-section mining method tunnel is constructed by blasting, the blasting vibration velocity at the crown of the lower small-section mining method tunnel is not more than 5 cm / s; S3, starting from the boundary stake number between the dark-excavated conversion tunnel and the small-section mining method tunnel, the dark-excavated conversion tunnel is constructed layer by layer from top to bottom using the mining method to the boundary stake number between the large-section mining method tunnel and the dark-excavated conversion tunnel, and then the system anchor rods, primary support, waterproof layer, secondary lining and second middle plate of the excavated dark-excavated conversion tunnel are constructed in sequence; S4. Starting from the dividing pile number between the large-section mining method tunnel and the dark-excavation conversion tunnel, continue forward and use the mining method to construct the single-hole double-layer large-section mining method tunnel in layers from top to bottom, and construct the system anchor rods, primary support, waterproof layer, secondary lining and first middle plate in the excavated area in sequence.

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