Solar collector system using phase change energy storage technology and capable of automatically tracking sunlight

Abstract

The present invention discloses a solar collector system that utilizes phase change energy storage technology and can automatically track sunlight, wherein a circulating pump is arranged in the phase change energy storage water tank, a rotating chassis is arranged on the phase change energy storage water tank, a rotating shaft controlled by an automatic control device is arranged inside the rotating chassis, a bottom plate is arranged on the rotating chassis, the bottom plate and the rotating chassis are fixed together, fixed rotating bearings are arranged at both corners on one side of the bottom plate, the fixed rotating bearings are locked with a vacuum tube support plate, a retractable automatic lifting device is arranged on the bottom plate, the automatic lifting device is fixed with a sliding plate with screws, a folding fixed rod is arranged at both corners on the other side of the bottom plate, a storage battery is also arranged on the bottom plate, a vacuum tube support plate is arranged on the fixed rotating bearing, the sliding plate and the folding fixed rod, and a vacuum tube collector is arranged on the vacuum tube support plate. The present invention can calibrate the strongest light in real time, can store a large amount of heat in a short time, and can provide hot water efficiently, stably and continuously.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of solar water heaters, and in particular to a solar collector system which utilizes phase change energy storage technology and can automatically track sunlight. Background Art

[0002] my country's solar energy resources account for a very large proportion, but the energy density of solar radiation reaching the earth's surface is relatively low. Restricted by factors such as geography, seasons, day and night, and weather changes, it exhibits characteristics such as thinness, discontinuity, and instability. The use of hot water often has a mismatch between supply and demand in time and space. Phase change energy storage technology can solve the contradiction of mismatch between energy supply and demand in time and space.

[0003] Generally, solar collectors on the market are installed at a fixed angle, and their heat collection efficiency is not good. At this stage, solar water heaters have many shortcomings, such as low cost performance and cumbersome installation process. When the sun cannot be seen for several days, electric heating will cost a lot of electricity and the heating speed is also slow. Even if some patents have achieved similar automatic control, their feasibility and practicality are not high. Since sunlight gradually changes over time, the heat collection efficiency of the collector plate cannot always be at the maximum value. In response to the national call for energy conservation and environmental protection, every inch of the collector should be able to operate efficiently. Therefore, a solar collector that can be raised and lowered and rotated with energy storage is needed to cope with various complex weather conditions. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a solar collector system that uses phase change energy storage technology and can automatically track sunlight, which is easy to install and green and energy-saving. It can calibrate the strongest light in real time, store a large amount of heat in a short time, and store excess heat in phase change materials, which can provide hot water efficiently, stably and continuously.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention is implemented through the following technical scheme: a solar collector system that utilizes phase change energy storage technology and can automatically track sunlight, including a shockproof pad, a phase change energy storage water tank, a bottom plate, an automatic lifting device, a rotating chassis, a vacuum tube collector, a fixed rotating bearing, a vacuum tube support plate, a sliding plate, a folding fixed rod, a circulating pump, a battery and an automatic control device, the shockproof pad is provided with a phase change energy storage water tank, a circulating pump is provided in the phase change energy storage water tank, the inlet of the phase change energy storage water tank is connected to the outlet of the vacuum tube collector, the outlet of the phase change energy storage water tank is connected to the inlet of the circulating pump, the outlet of the circulating pump is connected to the inlet of the vacuum tube collector, and a rotating chassis is provided on the phase change energy storage water tank. , inside the rotating chassis is a rotating shaft controlled by an automatic control device, a bottom plate is provided on the rotating chassis, the bottom plate and the rotating chassis are fixed together, fixed rotating bearings are provided at two corners on one side of the bottom plate, the fixed rotating bearings are locked with the vacuum tube support plate, a retractable automatic lifting device is provided on the bottom plate, which is composed of three sections, and its diameter decreases successively, the automatic lifting device is fixed to the sliding plate with screws, and folding fixing rods are provided at two corners on the other side of the bottom plate, and a battery is also provided on the bottom plate, a vacuum tube support plate is provided on the fixed rotating bearing, the sliding plate and the folding fixing rod, and the vacuum tube support plate fixes each vacuum tube, and a vacuum tube collector composed of multiple vacuum tubes is provided on the vacuum tube support plate.

[0006] Furthermore, the vacuum tube collector has two ports, the vacuum tube collector inlet is connected to the circulation pump outlet through a retractable high temperature resistant rubber hose, and the vacuum tube collector outlet is connected to the phase change energy storage water tank through a retractable high temperature resistant rubber hose.

[0007] Furthermore, a heat-insulating layer made of stainless steel is provided on the outer side of the phase-change energy storage water tank.

[0008] Furthermore, a generator is provided on the anti-vibration pad to generate electricity through excess heat and store it in a battery.

[0009] Furthermore, the bottom plate below the vacuum tube of the vacuum tube collector is an uneven plane, and a photo sensor is arranged below the vacuum tube.

[0010] Furthermore, the interior of the phase change energy storage water tank is filled with phase change energy storage material, and the phase change energy storage material is paraffin.

[0011] Furthermore, a temperature sensor is also provided in the phase change energy storage water tank to detect the real-time temperature and feed it back to the automatic control system.

[0012] Furthermore, a fixed slide groove is arranged under the vacuum tube support plate, and the sliding plate moves in the slide groove along with the automatic lifting shaft. The sliding plate and the automatic lifting device are an integrated structure and are fixedly installed.

[0013] Furthermore, the folding fixing rod is a three-section folding rod.

[0014] Furthermore, by adding a weather forecast system based on the PID controller and supplemented by a generalized predictive control algorithm, it is able to predict the real-time trend of weather changes in order to better control the stability of the automatic sunlight tracking system.

[0015] The device of the present invention is an assembled modular installation, and each module is installed in sequence from bottom to top. The installation is simple, efficient and stable, and no external power supply is required. The battery is fully charged when used for the first time. The rotating chassis is driven by the electricity in the battery and rotates with the fixed rotating bearing. The pipe sections of the vacuum tube collector are fixedly installed on the vacuum tube support plate. The light-facing surface of the vacuum tube support plate is a rough surface that can reflect most of the sunlight to promote efficient heat collection; the back of the vacuum tube support plate is a sliding groove for the sliding plate to move to change the angle of the collector plate. The vacuum tube collector adopts a bottom-in and top-out differential program. The lower inlet and upper outlet are respectively provided with retractable high-temperature resistant rubber hoses, and the lower inlet is supplemented by a circulating pump to adjust the operating flow.

[0016] The present invention utilizes paraffin wax to directly transform from solid to liquid to absorb latent heat, and releases phase change heat during the reverse process. When the water temperature of the water heater is higher than 53°C, the phase change heat storage material begins to melt and stores the heat energy above the water temperature of 53°C. When the water temperature of the water heater is lower than 53°C, the phase change heat storage material begins to crystallize and releases the stored heat, so that the water temperature of the water heater is always controlled within a set range, so as to facilitate people's domestic water use.

[0017] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. The solar collector combines phase change energy storage technology with automatic control and sunlight tracking technology, and can complete all tasks in the shortest time and provide stable hot water. It can cope with various unexpected weather conditions and ensure that the solar collector can reach saturation as soon as possible when the sunlight is unstable during the day.

[0019] 2. Storing heat using phase change energy storage technology can provide hot water stably, efficiently and continuously under different weather conditions.

[0020] 3. This solar thermal system uses excess heat to generate electricity, allowing the circulation pump to run continuously. Such a cycle can achieve the goal of zero energy consumption and no pollution. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments;

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of splicing each unit module of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the initial state of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 A top view of a solar thermal collector according to the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the solar collector of the present invention automatically rising and falling and rotating left to a certain angle;

[0026] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the solar collector of the present invention automatically rising and falling and rotating right to a certain angle;

[0027] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the solar collector of the present invention when it rises to 36°;

[0028] Figure 7 A flow chart of a solar thermal collector system of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the phase change energy storage water tank of the present invention;

[0030] Fig. 9 It is a flow chart of the automatic control system of the present invention; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further explained below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0032] Reference Figure 1-9The present specific implementation adopts the following technical scheme: a solar collector system which utilizes phase change energy storage technology and can automatically track sunlight, comprising a shockproof pad 1, a phase change energy storage water tank 2, a bottom plate 3, an automatic lifting device 4, a rotating chassis 5, a vacuum tube collector 6, a fixed rotating bearing 7, a vacuum tube support plate 8, a sliding plate 9, a folding fixed rod 10, a circulating pump 11, a battery 13 and an automatic control device 18, wherein the shockproof pad 1 is provided with a phase change energy storage water tank 2, a circulating pump 11 is provided inside the phase change energy storage water tank 2, an inlet of the phase change energy storage water tank 2 is connected to an outlet of the vacuum tube collector 6, an outlet of the phase change energy storage water tank 2 is connected to an inlet of the circulating pump 11, and an outlet of the circulating pump 11 is connected to an inlet of the vacuum tube collector 6, a rotating chassis 5 is provided on the phase change energy storage water tank 2, a rotating shaft controlled by the automatic control device 18 is inside the rotating chassis 5, and a The bottom plate 3 plays a supporting role and is fixed together with the rotating chassis and rotates therewith. Fixed rotating bearings 7 are arranged at both corners on one side of the bottom plate 3. The fixed rotating bearings 7 are locked with the vacuum tube support plate 8 and rotate around the fixed rotating axis. A retractable automatic lifting device 4 is arranged on the bottom plate 3, which is composed of three sections, and its diameter decreases successively. The automatic lifting device 4 is fixed to the sliding plate 9 with screws. There are folding fixing rods 10 at both corners on the other side of the bottom plate. The folding fixing rods operate with the lifting of the automatic lifting device. A battery 13 is also arranged on the bottom plate 3. Excess heat is converted into electricity through a generator and stored in the battery. A vacuum tube support plate 8 is arranged on the fixed rotating bearing 7, the sliding plate 9 and the folding fixing rod 10. The vacuum tube support plate 8 fixes each vacuum tube. A vacuum tube collector 6 composed of multiple vacuum tubes is arranged on the vacuum tube support plate 8.

[0033] It is worth noting that the vacuum tube collector 6 has two ports. The inlet of the vacuum tube collector 6 is connected to the outlet of the circulation pump 11 through a retractable high-temperature resistant rubber hose 12, and the outlet of the vacuum tube collector 6 is connected to the phase change energy storage water tank 2 through a retractable high-temperature resistant rubber hose 12.

[0034] It is worth noting that the outer side of the phase change energy storage water tank 2 is provided with an insulation layer made of stainless steel.

[0035] It is worth noting that the anti-vibration pad 1 is provided with a generator 16 which generates electricity through excess heat and stores it in the battery 13 .

[0036] It is worth noting that the bottom plate 3 below the vacuum tube of the vacuum tube collector 6 is an uneven surface, which is convenient for reflection, and more light falls on the backlight side of the vacuum tube, which plays a role in promoting efficient heating; a photo sensor 14 is arranged under the vacuum tube, which can keenly sense the intensity of sunlight and transmit it to the automatic control device 18 in real time.

[0037] It is worth noting that the phase change energy storage water tank 2 contains the phase change energy storage material 15, which is paraffin. Paraffin is a common material for phase change energy storage technology, and its phase change point is 53-58°C. When the temperature rises to 53°C, the phase change material automatically changes phase to absorb heat, and when the temperature is lower than 53°C, it automatically changes phase to provide heat.

[0038] It is worth noting that the phase change energy storage water tank 2 is also provided with a temperature sensor 17 to detect the real-time temperature and feed it back to the automatic control device 18.

[0039] It is worth noting that a fixed slide groove is arranged under the vacuum tube support plate 8, and the sliding plate 9 moves in the slide groove along with the automatic lifting shaft. The sliding plate 9 and the automatic lifting device 4 are an integrated structure and are fixedly installed.

[0040] In addition, the folding fixing rod 10 is a three-section folding rod.

[0041] Since the weather is unstable, a weather forecast system is added based on the PID controller and supplemented by a generalized predictive control algorithm. It can predict the real-time trend of weather changes in order to better control the stability of the automatic sunlight tracking system.

[0042] In normal weather, when the sun appears, the photo sensor 14 works first, analyzes the incident angle of the sun, and transmits it to the automatic control device 18. The automatic control device 18 mobilizes the rotating chassis 5 to drag the heat collecting device to rotate to the sun incident point, and mobilizes the lifting device 4 to make the sliding plate 9 move in the slide groove under the vacuum tube support plate 8. The combination of the two makes the vacuum tube collector 6 automatically calibrate the sun and maintain a 90° vertical state. The sun changes in real time, and the automatic control device 18 controls the vacuum tube collector 6 to change in real time to achieve an automatic tracking state. During the day, sunlight shines on the vacuum tube collector 6, and the hot water in the vacuum tube collector 6 is continuously heated, so that the water temperature continues to rise; when the test temperature of the temperature sensor 17 in the solar water heater is less than 35°C, the circulation pump is kept turned on. When the water temperature rises to 53°C, the phase change energy storage material 15 in the water tank begins to change phase, and heat is stored in the phase change material. When the phase change material has stored all the energy, the excess heat can be converted into electricity through the generator 16 and stored in the battery 13 for use by the generator 16, the circulating pump 11, and the automatic lifting device 4. At the same time, when the water temperature in the phase change energy storage tank 2 is close to 80°C, the circulating pump 11 should run at a low speed. When the battery 13 is fully charged and 90°C, the circulating pump 11 stops running. The light-facing surface of the vacuum tube support plate 8 is a rough surface, which can reflect a large amount of sunlight to the backlight surface of the vacuum tube to achieve an efficient heat collection effect. When the sun sets, the automatic control system returns to the initial state.

[0043] In abnormal weather, when the sun appears, the photo sensor 14 works first, analyzes the incident angle of the sun, and transmits it to the automatic control device 18. The automatic control device 18 mobilizes the rotating chassis 5 to drag the heat collector to rotate to the sun incident point, and mobilizes the lifting device 4 to make the sliding plate 9 move in the slide groove under the vacuum tube support plate 8. The combination of the two makes the vacuum tube collector 6 automatically calibrate the sun and maintain a 90° vertical state. The sun changes in real time, and the automatic control device 18 controls the vacuum tube collector 6 to change in real time to achieve an automatic tracking state. Due to the early warning of the weather forecast and the dynamic prediction of the generalized predictive control algorithm, the amount of sunshine is greatly reduced compared with the previous normal weather, so the control system drives the circulation pump 11 to run at high speed. The hot water in the vacuum tube collector 6 is continuously heated, so that the water temperature continues to rise; when the test temperature of the temperature sensor 17 in the solar water heater is less than 35°C, the circulation pump 11 is kept turned on and continues to heat. When the water temperature rises to 53°C, the phase change energy storage material 15 in the water tank begins to change phase, and heat is stored in the phase change material. When the phase change material has stored all the energy, the excess heat can be converted into electricity through the generator 16 and stored in the battery 13 for use by the generator 16, the circulating pump 11, and the automatic lifting device 4. At the same time, when the water temperature in the phase change energy storage tank 2 is close to 80°C, the circulating pump 11 should run at a low speed. When the battery 13 is fully charged and 90°C, the circulating pump 11 stops running. When the sun sets, the automatic control system returns to the initial state.

[0044] This specific implementation method mainly utilizes a photo sensor to track sunlight in real time, and lifts and rotates to the corresponding sun angle through an automatic control system to keep the solar collector perpendicular to the sunlight and thus operate at full load; when the water temperature reaches a certain temperature, it provides heat for the phase change energy storage material; when the phase change material is completely consumed, the excess heat will be converted into electricity and stored in the battery, driving the generator for use by the circulation pump and the automatic lifting and rotating device, so as to solve the problems of the traditional solar collector's heat collection efficiency, imbalance between supply and demand, and insufficient sunshine that cause inconvenience in using hot water.

[0045] The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A solar collector system utilizing phase change energy storage technology and capable of automatically tracking sunlight, characterized in that: The invention comprises an anti-vibration pad (1), a phase-change energy storage water tank (2), a bottom plate (3), an automatic lifting device (4), a rotating chassis (5), a vacuum tube collector (6), a fixed rotating bearing (7), a vacuum tube support plate (8), a sliding plate (9), a folding fixed rod (10), a circulating pump (11), a storage battery (13) and an automatic control device (18). The anti-vibration pad (1) is provided with a phase-change energy storage water tank (2), a circulating pump (11) is provided inside the phase-change energy storage water tank (2), an inlet of the phase-change energy storage water tank (2) is connected to an outlet of the vacuum tube collector (6), an outlet of the phase-change energy storage water tank (2) is connected to an inlet of the circulating pump (11), and an outlet of the circulating pump (11) is connected to an inlet of the vacuum tube collector (6), a rotating chassis (5) is provided on the phase-change energy storage water tank (2), and the interior of the rotating chassis (5) is controlled by the automatic control device (18). The rotating shaft is controlled by the rotating chassis (5), a bottom plate (3) is arranged on the rotating chassis (5), the bottom plate (3) and the rotating chassis are fixed together, fixed rotating bearings (7) are arranged at two corners on one side of the bottom plate (3), the fixed rotating bearings (7) are locked with the vacuum tube support plate (8), a retractable automatic lifting device (4) is arranged on the bottom plate (3), the automatic lifting device (4) is composed of three sections, the diameters of which decrease successively, the automatic lifting device (4) and the sliding plate (9) are fixed with screws, folding fixing rods (10) are arranged at two corners on the other side of the bottom plate, and a storage battery (13) is also arranged on the bottom plate (3), a vacuum tube support plate (8) is arranged on the fixed rotating bearing (7), the sliding plate (9) and the folding fixing rod (10), the vacuum tube support plate (8) fixes each vacuum tube, and a vacuum tube collector (6) composed of a plurality of vacuum tubes is arranged on the vacuum tube support plate (8); The bottom plate (3) below the vacuum tube of the vacuum tube collector (6) is an uneven plane, and a photosensitive device (14) is arranged below the vacuum tube; A fixed slide groove is arranged under the vacuum tube support plate (8), and the sliding plate (9) moves in the slide groove along with the automatic lifting shaft. The sliding plate (9) and the automatic lifting device (4) are an integrated structure.

2. The solar collector system using phase change energy storage technology and capable of automatically tracking sunlight according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vacuum tube collector (6) has two ports, the inlet of the vacuum tube collector (6) is connected to the outlet of the circulation pump (11) through a retractable high-temperature resistant rubber hose (12), and the outlet of the vacuum tube collector (6) is connected to the phase change energy storage water tank (2) through a retractable high-temperature resistant rubber hose (12).

3. The solar collector system using phase change energy storage technology and capable of automatically tracking sunlight according to claim 1, characterized in that: The phase change energy storage water tank (2) is provided with a heat-insulating layer on the outside thereof, and is made of stainless steel.

4. The solar collector system using phase change energy storage technology and capable of automatically tracking sunlight according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-vibration pad (1) is provided with a generator (16) which generates electricity through excess heat and stores it in a storage battery (13).

5. The solar collector system using phase change energy storage technology and capable of automatically tracking sunlight according to claim 1, characterized in that: The interior of the phase-change energy storage water tank (2) contains a phase-change energy storage material (15), and the phase-change energy storage material (15) is paraffin.

6. The solar collector system using phase change energy storage technology and capable of automatically tracking sunlight according to claim 1, characterized in that: The phase change energy storage water tank (2) is also provided with a temperature sensor (17) for detecting the real-time temperature and feeding it back to the automatic control device (18).

7. The solar collector system using phase change energy storage technology and capable of automatically tracking sunlight according to claim 1, characterized in that: The folding fixing rod (10) is a three-section folding rod.

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