A time-domain electric field monitoring system and precise imaging method for earth-rock dams

Abstract

The present invention provides a time-domain electric field monitoring system and a precise imaging method for earth-rock dams, which belong to the technical field of real-time monitoring of leakage safety issues in earth-rock dams. The monitoring system includes communication cables, drilling cables, drilling electrodes, an integrated electrical method host, a data acquisition and processing platform, etc. The earth-rock dam geoelectric information is transmitted to the input end of the communication cable through the drilling cable, and then transmitted to the integrated electrical method host from its output end, and finally transmitted to the data acquisition and processing platform. The precise imaging method includes data observation and data inversion imaging; the monitoring system of the present invention uses a three-dimensional dynamic observation layout in the horizontal, vertical and time directions, combined with a joint observation method of multiple hole survey lines on the dam body, to achieve real-time and precise imaging of the geoelectric field, which is helpful for the complete coverage monitoring of earth-rock dams, one-time deployment, long service life, and can obtain massive data compared with traditional methods; the observation system of the present invention uses time-shift electrical method technology for the normalized monitoring of earth-rock dams, which can achieve a breakthrough in the integration of monitoring and detection technology.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of real-time monitoring of leakage safety issues of earth-rock dams, and in particular to a time-domain electric field monitoring system and a precise imaging method for earth-rock dams. Background Art

[0002] Before the 1980s, due to the limitation of reservoir and dam construction technology, a large number of small and mountain pond reservoirs often used earth-rock dams formed by layered rolling and layer-by-layer thickening during construction. Due to the long time, the probability of leakage in the constructed earth-rock dams is high, and a large number of earth-rock dam reservoirs have leakage risks of varying degrees, which will face serious safety threats during the flood season. The monitoring of reservoir and dam leakage in my country lacks normalization, and there are few real-time monitoring projects for reservoir and dam leakage. Reservoirs and dams are often explored and monitored only when leakage occurs. Compared with other exploration methods, electrical exploration has the advantages of efficient detection of groundwater flow direction, small interference, fast speed, strong consistency, and economical and convenient consumables, and is widely used in reservoir and dam leakage detection. At present, this technology mainly focuses on the detection of leakage in the middle of the dam body, and has great limitations in the detection of leakage in the dam foundation and dam shoulders. There are certain errors in the detection depth, and the amount of measurement data is relatively small. Therefore, it is difficult for the existing technology to accurately identify the location of leakage risks in reservoir dams, which further affects the safe and accurate policy implementation of water conservancy management departments.

[0003] In view of this, the applicant conducted a special study on the geoelectric field distribution characteristics of earth-rock dams, and determined that the resistivity and polarizability are continuous in the horizontal and vertical directions, and the resistivity is gradual in the vertical direction. The spatial distribution characteristics of leakage hazards can be judged based on the resistivity and polarizability differences between the weak seepage area and the surrounding dam body, thereby proposing a time-domain electric field monitoring system and precise imaging method for earth-rock dams, and this case resulted from this. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the problems existing in the existing methods and technologies, the present invention provides a time-domain electric field monitoring system and a precise imaging method for earth-rock dams, which can realize real-time monitoring and precise imaging of the geoelectric field of reservoir dams, and further accurately determine the location of leakage hazards, thereby providing a technical basis for reservoir and dam safety. To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] The earth-rock dam time-domain electric field monitoring system of the present invention comprises a communication cable, a drilling cable, a drilling electrode, an integrated electrical method host, a server, a data wireless transmission base station, a satellite communication platform, and a data acquisition and processing platform.

[0006] Preferably, the integrated electrical method host comprises a power supply module, a parameter setting module, a time domain electric field excitation module, a time domain electric field acquisition module and a data transmission module;

[0007] Preferably, the data acquisition and processing platform is first connected to the server, and then the integrated electrical method host is parameterized and data acquisition commands are input through the data wireless transmission base station and the satellite communication platform, thereby ensuring long-term real-time monitoring after the monitoring system is deployed once.

[0008] Preferably, the drilling electrode is a weakly polarized or non-polarized electrode with a cylindrical shape and a length of 10 cm.

[0009] A precise imaging method for time-domain electric field monitoring of earth-rock dams, including data observation and data inversion imaging;

[0010] a. The data observation comprises the following steps:

[0011] (1) Collect geological and construction data of earth-rock dams, understand the dam foundation depth and dam crest axis length, design the number of boreholes and the depth of the boreholes, and design the number of electrodes for each borehole according to the depth of the boreholes. Generally, the distance between adjacent boreholes is controlled to be ≤30m, and the depth of the borehole is ≤1.5 times the dam foundation depth; the distance between electrodes between adjacent boreholes is ≤2m, and is generally 1m;

[0012] (2) According to the design requirements of step (1), the corresponding drilling cables, drilling electrodes and communication cables are customized, and vertical drilling holes are constructed along the axis of the dam crest;

[0013] (3) placing the drilling cable and drilling electrode customized in step (2) into the borehole constructed in step (2) in a corresponding order, and performing grouting to seal each borehole to achieve full coupling between the electrode and the earth-rock dam;

[0014] (4) Connect the communication cable to each drilling cable and lead it to one side of the dam top to connect with the integrated electrical method host, and fix the integrated electrical method host or lead it to the surrounding room for fixation; connect the integrated electrical method host to the server, and connect the server to the data wireless transmission base station;

[0015] (5) Install a data acquisition and processing platform in the water conservancy department's safety monitoring center and connect it to a wireless data transmission base station; and perform communication debugging between the data acquisition and processing platform and the server based on a satellite communication platform to ensure real-time communication between the two;

[0016] (6) The boreholes are numbered in the data acquisition and processing platform. The borehole farthest from the integrated electrical method host is numbered as borehole 1, and the numbers of other boreholes approaching the electrical method host are incremented by 1;

[0017] (7) Using the data acquisition and processing platform to send data acquisition instructions (including drilling acquisition sequence, data acquisition interval, power supply square wave, power supply time and other parameters) to the server through the data wireless transmission base station and satellite communication platform, the server will synchronously send the acquisition instructions to the integrated electrical method host;

[0018] (8) After receiving the acquisition command, the integrated electrical method host computer collects the primary electric field and the secondary electric field in each borehole according to the command parameter requirements to obtain the profile data of apparent resistivity and apparent polarizability; ② collects the cross-hole primary perspective electric field and the cross-hole secondary perspective electric field for two adjacent boreholes to obtain the cross-hole apparent resistivity and apparent polarizability data;

[0019] (9) After data collection is completed, the collected data will be actively transmitted back to the data collection and processing platform through the data wireless transmission base station and satellite communication platform;

[0020] b. The data inversion imaging comprises the following steps:

[0021] (10) Establish a unified rectangular coordinate system based on the axial length of the dam crest, the plane position and depth of the drilling hole, and the position of each drilling electrode;

[0022] (11) Systematically decode the measured apparent resistivity and apparent polarizability data, assign spatial rectangular coordinates, establish a data inversion area, form the format file required by the data acquisition and processing platform, and substitute it into the data acquisition and processing platform for resistivity and polarizability inversion;

[0023] (12) Extract resistivity and polarizability data in the inversion area, perform data statistics, obtain relatively low resistivity and high polarizability abnormal areas, and display and express them in real time on the data acquisition and processing platform;

[0024] (13) Dynamic early warning of leakage risks of earth-rock dams can be achieved by comparing and analyzing the resistivity and polarizability profiles collected and inverted at different times;

[0025] Preferably, in step (8), the apparent resistivity and apparent polarizability data inside a single borehole and the cross-hole apparent resistivity and apparent polarizability data between two adjacent boreholes can be collected by using a device such as a dipole, a tripole or a quadrupole. In general, a tripole device is selected.

[0026] Preferably, in the step (11), the detection area is two-dimensionally gridded during resistivity and polarizability inversion, the resistivity and polarizability in each grid are calculated, and a smooth constrained least squares inversion algorithm is used. The resistivity and polarizability inversion objective function is:

[0027] (G T G+λC T C) Δm=G T Δd

[0028] Where △d is the residual vector between the observed data d and the forward theoretical calculated value d0; G is the coefficient matrix; △m is the modification vector of the initial model m, C is the model smooth matrix; λ is the smooth damping factor;

[0029] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] (1) The monitoring system of the present invention proposes an observation point structure for real-time monitoring and positioning of leakage sites of earth-rock dams based on the internal structure of earth-rock dams, leakage ground electric field, monitoring accuracy and monitoring real-time performance, forming a dynamic observation layout in the horizontal, vertical and time directions, achieving effective coverage of the observation of the distribution law of the ground electric field of earth-rock dams, solving the problem of blind spots in electrical exploration in traditional earth-rock dam monitoring systems, and effectively detecting leakage at the dam shoulders and around the dam;

[0031] (2) The monitoring system of the present invention can obtain the time-shift distribution law of the geoelectric field through the joint observation method of the multi-hole measurement line of the dam body, and can effectively monitor the leakage of the dam foundation and the dam body in real time, realizing the leakage monitoring of the earth-rock dam as a whole, improving the problem of the traditional electrical monitoring system having a monitoring blind spot for the dam shoulder and around the dam, and ensuring the systematic, representative, reliable and real-time observation results of the geoelectric field change law of the earth-rock dam leakage;

[0032] (3) The monitoring system of the present invention is deployed once and has a long service life. In addition, due to its special electrode deployment method, the measurement data obtained is dozens of times more than that of traditional electrical exploration. The massive data is conducive to the inversion and interpretation of electrical observation data, thereby greatly improving the accuracy of earth-rock dam leakage detection;

[0033] (4) The observation system of the present invention applies the time-shift electrical method to the routine monitoring of earth-rock dams. When the monitoring system collects data fully automatically, the host can transmit the collected data back to the data collection and processing platform in real time, and form an abnormal geoelectric field profile, which helps monitoring personnel to timely discover leakage of earth-rock dams and effectively lock weak permeability areas, realizing the integration of monitoring and detection of earth-rock dam leakage, and providing reliable technical guarantee for the subsequent anti-seepage work of the dam body. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] The drawings in the specification that constitute a part of this application are used to provide a further understanding of this application. In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0035] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the monitoring system of the dam body in the present invention.

[0036] Label instructions: 1-communication cable, 2-drilling cable, 3-drilling electrode, 4-dam body, 5-side rock mass, 6-dam foundation, 7-integrated electrical method host, 8-server, 9-data wireless transmission base station, 10-satellite communication platform, 11-data acquisition and processing platform, 12-dam top axis, 13-drilling hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to make the technical means and the technical effects that can be achieved by the present invention more clearly and more completely disclosed, the following detailed description is made in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0038] A time-domain electric field monitoring system for earth-rock dams, as a data observation device for implementing dynamic monitoring of dam leakage, is specifically as follows:

[0039] like Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 The present invention is a perspective view of the on-site structure of a time-domain electric field monitoring system for an earth-rock dam. The time-domain electric field monitoring system for an earth-rock dam comprises a communication cable 1, a drilling cable 2, a drilling electrode 3, a dam body 4, a lateral rock mass 5, a dam foundation 6, an integrated electrical method host 7, a server 8, a data wireless transmission base station 9, a satellite communication platform 10, a data acquisition and processing platform 11, a dam top axis 12, and a borehole 13. The earth-rock dam geoelectric information is transmitted to the input end of the communication cable 1 through the drilling cable 2 with the drilling electrode 3, and then transmitted to the input end of the integrated electrical method host 7 through its output end, and then transmitted to the server 8 and the data wireless transmission base station 9 through the output end of the integrated electrical method host 1. Finally, the collected data is transmitted back to the data acquisition and processing platform 11 through the satellite communication platform 10, so as to finally realize the real-time monitoring and detection of earth-rock dam leakage.

[0040] In the earth-rock dam time-domain electric field monitoring system of the present invention, the borehole electrode 3 is a weakly polarized or non-polarized electrode with a cylindrical shape and a length of 10 cm. The integrated electrical method host 7 includes a power module, a parameter setting module, a time-domain electromagnetic excitation module, a time-domain electric field acquisition module and a data transmission module. When the data acquisition and processing platform 11 is working, it first connects to the server, and then performs parameter setting and data acquisition command input operations on the integrated electrical method host 7 through the data wireless transmission base station 9 and the satellite communication platform 10, thereby ensuring that the monitoring system can achieve long-term real-time monitoring after one-time deployment.

[0041] The observation system of the present invention also applies the time-shift electrical method to the routine monitoring of earth-rock dams. When the monitoring system collects data fully automatically, the host can transmit the collected data back to the data collection and processing platform 11 in real time, and form an abnormal geoelectric field profile, which helps monitoring personnel to timely discover leakage of the earth-rock dam and effectively lock the weak permeability area, realizing the integration of monitoring and detection of earth-rock dam leakage, and providing reliable technical guarantee for the subsequent anti-seepage work of the dam body.

[0042] A precise imaging method for time-domain electric field monitoring of earth-rock dams, including data observation and data inversion imaging; the details are as follows:

[0043] a. The data observation comprises the following steps:

[0044] (1) Collect geological and construction data of earth-rock dams, understand the dam foundation depth and dam crest axis length, design the number of boreholes and the depth of the boreholes, and design the number of electrodes for each borehole according to the depth of the boreholes. Generally, the distance between adjacent boreholes is controlled to be ≤30m, and the depth of the borehole is ≤1.5 times the dam foundation depth; the distance between electrodes between adjacent boreholes is ≤2m, and is generally 1m;

[0045] (2) According to the design requirements of step (1), the corresponding drilling cables, drilling electrodes and communication cables are customized, and vertical drilling holes are constructed along the axis of the dam crest;

[0046] (3) placing the drilling cable and drilling electrode customized in step (2) into the borehole constructed in step (2) in a corresponding order, and performing grouting to seal each borehole to achieve full coupling between the electrode and the earth-rock dam;

[0047] (4) Connect the communication cable to each drilling cable and lead it to one side of the dam top to connect with the integrated electrical method host, and fix the integrated electrical method host or lead it to the surrounding room for fixation; connect the integrated electrical method host to the server, and connect the server to the data wireless transmission base station;

[0048] (5) Install a data acquisition and processing platform in the water conservancy department's safety monitoring center and connect it to a wireless data transmission base station; and perform communication debugging between the data acquisition and processing platform and the server based on a satellite communication platform to ensure real-time communication between the two;

[0049] (6) The boreholes are numbered in the data acquisition and processing platform. The borehole farthest from the integrated electrical method host is numbered as borehole 1, and the numbers of other boreholes approaching the electrical method host are incremented by 1;

[0050] (7) Using the data acquisition and processing platform to send data acquisition instructions (including drilling acquisition sequence, data acquisition interval, power supply square wave, power supply time and other parameters) to the server through the data wireless transmission base station and satellite communication platform, the server will synchronously send the acquisition instructions to the integrated electrical method host;

[0051] (8) After receiving the acquisition command, the integrated electrical method host computer collects the primary electric field and the secondary electric field in each borehole according to the command parameter requirements to obtain the profile data of apparent resistivity and apparent polarizability; ② collects the cross-hole primary perspective electric field and the cross-hole secondary perspective electric field for two adjacent boreholes to obtain the cross-hole apparent resistivity and apparent polarizability data;

[0052] (9) After data collection is completed, the collected data will be actively transmitted back to the data collection and processing platform through the data wireless transmission base station and satellite communication platform;

[0053] b. The data inversion imaging comprises the following steps:

[0054] (10) Establish a unified rectangular coordinate system based on the axial length of the dam crest, the plane position and depth of the drilling hole, and the position of each drilling electrode;

[0055] (11) Systematically decode the measured apparent resistivity and apparent polarizability data, assign spatial rectangular coordinates, establish a data inversion area, form the format file required by the data acquisition and processing platform, and substitute it into the data acquisition and processing platform for resistivity and polarizability inversion;

[0056] (12) Extract resistivity and polarizability data in the inversion area, perform data statistics, obtain relatively low resistivity and high polarizability abnormal areas, and display and express them in real time on the data acquisition and processing platform;

[0057] (13) Dynamic early warning of leakage risks of earth-rock dams can be achieved by comparing and analyzing the resistivity and polarizability profiles collected and inverted at different times;

[0058] In the step (8), the apparent resistivity and apparent polarizability data inside a single borehole and the cross-hole apparent resistivity and apparent polarizability data between two adjacent boreholes can be collected by using a device such as a two-pole, a three-pole, or a four-pole. In general, a three-pole device is selected.

[0059] In the step (11), the detection area is two-dimensionally gridded during resistivity and polarizability inversion, and the resistivity and polarizability in each grid are calculated. The least squares inversion algorithm with smooth constraints is used, and the resistivity and polarizability inversion objective function is:

[0060] (G T G+λC T C) Δm=G T Δd

[0061] Where △d is the residual vector between the observed data d and the forward theoretical calculated value d0; G is the coefficient matrix; △m is the modification vector of the initial model m, C is the model smooth matrix; λ is the smooth damping factor.

[0062] The above content is a further detailed description of the technical solution provided in combination with the preferred implementation mode of the present invention. It cannot be determined that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to the above descriptions. For ordinary technicians in the technical field to which the present invention belongs, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which should be regarded as belonging to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A time domain electric field monitoring system for earth-rock dam, characterized by: The monitoring system is composed of a communication cable, a drilling cable, a drilling electrode, an integrated electrical method host, a server, a data wireless transmission base station, a satellite communication platform, a data acquisition and processing platform, a dam top axis and a borehole; the earth-rock dam geoelectric information is transmitted to the input end of the communication cable through the drilling cable with the drilling electrode, and then transmitted to the input end of the integrated electrical method host by its output end, and then transmitted to the server and the data wireless transmission base station by the output end of the integrated electrical method host, and finally the collected data is transmitted back to the data acquisition and processing platform through the satellite communication platform, finally realizing the real-time monitoring and detection of earth-rock dam leakage; The integrated electrical method host includes a power supply module, a parameter setting module, a time domain electromagnetic excitation module, a time domain electric field acquisition module and a data transmission module; The data acquisition and processing platform is first connected to the server, and then the integrated electrical method host is parameterized and data acquisition commands are input through the data wireless transmission base station and the satellite communication platform, thereby ensuring that the monitoring system can achieve long-term real-time monitoring after one-time deployment; The precise imaging method of the earth-rock dam time-domain electric field monitoring system includes data observation and data inversion imaging; the details are as follows: a. The data observation comprises the following steps: (1) Collect geological and construction data of earth-rock dams, understand the burial depth of the dam foundation and the length of the dam crest axis, design the number of boreholes and the depth of the boreholes, and design the number of electrodes for each borehole according to the borehole depth; control the spacing between adjacent boreholes to be ≤30m, the borehole depth to be ≤1.5 times the burial depth of the dam foundation; the spacing between electrodes between adjacent boreholes to be ≤2m, specifically 1m; (2) According to the design requirements of step (1), the corresponding drilling cables, drilling electrodes and communication cables are customized, and vertical drilling holes are constructed along the axis of the dam crest; (3) placing the drilling cable and drilling electrode customized in step (2) into the borehole constructed in step (2) in a corresponding order, and performing grouting to seal each borehole to achieve full coupling between the electrode and the earth-rock dam; (4) Connect the communication cable to each drilling cable and lead it to one side of the dam top to connect with the integrated electrical method host, and fix the integrated electrical method host or lead it to the surrounding room for fixation; connect the integrated electrical method host to the server, and connect the server to the data wireless transmission base station; (5) Install a data acquisition and processing platform in the water conservancy department's safety monitoring center and connect it to a wireless data transmission base station; and perform communication debugging between the data acquisition and processing platform and the server based on a satellite communication platform to ensure real-time communication between the two; (6) The boreholes are numbered in the data acquisition and processing platform. The borehole farthest from the integrated electrical method host is numbered as borehole 1, and the numbers of other boreholes approaching the electrical method host are incremented by 1; (7) Using the data acquisition and processing platform to send data acquisition instructions to the server through the data wireless transmission base station and the satellite communication platform, including the drilling acquisition sequence, data acquisition interval, power supply square wave, and power supply time parameters, the server will synchronously send the acquisition instructions to the integrated electrical method host; (8) After receiving the acquisition command, the integrated electrical method host collects the primary electric field and secondary electric field inside each borehole according to the command parameter requirements to obtain the apparent resistivity and apparent polarizability profile data; ② Collect the cross-hole primary perspective electric field and cross-hole secondary perspective electric field for two adjacent boreholes to obtain the cross-hole apparent resistivity and apparent polarizability data; (9) After data collection is completed, the collected data will be actively transmitted back to the data collection and processing platform through the data wireless transmission base station and satellite communication platform; b. The data inversion imaging comprises the following steps: (10) Establish a unified rectangular coordinate system based on the axial length of the dam crest, the plane position and depth of the drilling hole, and the position of each drilling electrode; (11) Systematically decode the measured apparent resistivity and apparent polarizability data, assign spatial rectangular coordinates, establish a data inversion area, form the format file required by the data acquisition and processing platform, and substitute it into the data acquisition and processing platform for resistivity and polarizability inversion; (12) Extract resistivity and polarizability data in the inversion area, perform data statistics, obtain relatively low resistivity and high polarizability abnormal areas, and display and express them in real time on the data acquisition and processing platform; (13) By comparing and analyzing the resistivity and polarizability profiles collected and inverted at different times, dynamic early warning of leakage risks in earth-rock dams can be achieved.

2. The earth-rock dam time-domain electric field monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drilling electrode is a weakly polarized or non-polarized electrode with a cylindrical shape and a length of 10 cm.

3. A precise imaging method for time-domain electric field monitoring of earth-rock dams, characterized by: Including data observation and data inversion imaging; a. The data observation comprises the following steps: (1) Collect geological and construction data of earth-rock dams, understand the burial depth of the dam foundation and the length of the dam crest axis, design the number of boreholes and the depth of the boreholes, and design the number of electrodes for each borehole according to the borehole depth; control the spacing between adjacent boreholes to be ≤30m, the borehole depth to be ≤1.5 times the burial depth of the dam foundation; the spacing between electrodes between adjacent boreholes to be ≤2m, specifically 1m; (2) According to the design requirements of step (1), the corresponding drilling cables, drilling electrodes and communication cables are customized, and vertical drilling holes are constructed along the axis of the dam crest; (3) placing the drilling cable and drilling electrode customized in step (2) into the borehole constructed in step (2) in a corresponding order, and performing grouting to seal each borehole to achieve full coupling between the electrode and the earth-rock dam; (4) Connect the communication cable to each drilling cable and lead it to one side of the dam top to connect with the integrated electrical method host, and fix the integrated electrical method host or lead it to the surrounding room for fixation; connect the integrated electrical method host to the server, and connect the server to the data wireless transmission base station; (5) Install a data acquisition and processing platform in the water conservancy department's safety monitoring center and connect it to a wireless data transmission base station; and perform communication debugging between the data acquisition and processing platform and the server based on a satellite communication platform to ensure real-time communication between the two; (6) The boreholes are numbered in the data acquisition and processing platform. The borehole farthest from the integrated electrical method host is numbered as borehole 1, and the numbers of other boreholes approaching the electrical method host are incremented by 1; (7) Using the data acquisition and processing platform to send data acquisition instructions to the server through the data wireless transmission base station and the satellite communication platform, including the drilling acquisition sequence, data acquisition interval, power supply square wave, and power supply time parameters, the server will synchronously send the acquisition instructions to the integrated electrical method host; (8) After receiving the acquisition command, the integrated electrical method host collects the primary electric field and secondary electric field inside each borehole according to the command parameter requirements to obtain the apparent resistivity and apparent polarizability profile data; ② Collect the cross-hole primary perspective electric field and cross-hole secondary perspective electric field for two adjacent boreholes to obtain the cross-hole apparent resistivity and apparent polarizability data; (9) After data collection is completed, the collected data will be actively transmitted back to the data collection and processing platform through the data wireless transmission base station and satellite communication platform; b. The data inversion imaging comprises the following steps: (10) Establish a unified rectangular coordinate system based on the axial length of the dam crest, the plane position and depth of the drilling hole, and the position of each drilling electrode; (11) Systematically decode the measured apparent resistivity and apparent polarizability data, assign spatial rectangular coordinates, establish a data inversion area, form the format file required by the data acquisition and processing platform, and substitute it into the data acquisition and processing platform for resistivity and polarizability inversion; (12) Extract resistivity and polarizability data in the inversion area, perform data statistics, obtain relatively low resistivity and high polarizability abnormal areas, and display and express them in real time on the data acquisition and processing platform; (13) By comparing and analyzing the resistivity and polarizability profiles collected and inverted at different times, dynamic early warning of leakage risks in earth-rock dams can be achieved.

4. The method for accurate imaging of time-domain electric field monitoring of earth-rock dams according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the step (8), the apparent resistivity and apparent polarizability data inside a single borehole and the cross-hole apparent resistivity and apparent polarizability data between two adjacent boreholes are collected by using a two-pole, three-pole or four-pole device, and a three-pole device is selected.

5. The method for accurate imaging of time-domain electric field monitoring of earth-rock dams according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the step (11), the detection area is two-dimensionally gridded during resistivity and polarizability inversion, and the resistivity and polarizability in each grid are calculated. The least squares inversion algorithm with smooth constraints is used, and the resistivity and polarizability inversion objective function is: (G T G+λC T C)Δm=G T Δd Where △d is the residual vector between the observed data d and the forward theoretical calculated value d0; G is the coefficient matrix; △m is the modification vector of the initial model m, C is the model smooth matrix; λ is the smooth damping factor.

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