Experimental device for the interaction between surface water and groundwater

Abstract

The invention discloses an experimental device for the interaction between surface water and groundwater, which consists of a water storage tank, a surface water tank, a medium tank, a groundwater tank, a water supply system and a pumping well. By controlling the water levels of the tanks on both sides and the pumping intensity of the pumping well, by measuring data such as flow rate, pressure tube head and pollutant concentration, the interaction law between surface water and groundwater is studied in combination with analytical solution and numerical simulation methods, so as to provide an experimental device for studying the interaction mechanism between surface water and groundwater. The model of the invention is small in size and easy to move, and can be used for indoor experiments. The device is flexible in setting, and multiple conditions can be controlled and changed to carry out single variable research and multivariate combination research.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an experimental device for studying the circulation of surface water and groundwater, in particular to an experimental device for the interaction between surface water and groundwater. Background Art

[0002] Since the 1940s, a lot of research has been done on the interaction between surface water and groundwater at home and abroad, and great progress has been made. The main research methods include analytical methods and numerical methods. Before the emergence of numerical methods, analytical methods were the main method. So far, when using numerical methods to study the interaction between surface water and groundwater at home and abroad, the main method is still the comparison and analysis of ideal examples and analytical solutions, and there are very few practical applications.

[0003] With economic development, surface water and groundwater are seriously polluted, and there are relatively more studies on the impact of polluted surface water on groundwater. There is a complex transformation relationship between the migration of pollutants in the process of interaction between surface water and groundwater, which is an urgent focus of research. However, most of the current hydrogeological models can only study the migration law of groundwater unilaterally. There are relatively few physical models for the interaction between surface water and groundwater, especially indoor experimental devices for studying the interaction between surface water and groundwater driven by riverside pumping (irrigation), and most models are more inclined to study the laws under theoretical models, while there are few experimental studies on the laws of interaction between surface water and groundwater under actual conditions. Summary of the invention

[0004] Purpose of the invention: The present invention provides a small device that can conduct single-variable and multi-variable surface water and groundwater interaction experiments.

[0005] Technical solution: The experimental device for the interaction between surface water and groundwater described in the present invention is composed of a water storage tank, a surface water tank, a medium tank, a groundwater tank, a water supply system and a pumping well in sequence; one side of the medium tank is a surface water tank, and the other side is a groundwater tank, which are separated by permeable plates. Different media are laid in the medium tank to simulate the river bank slope. A slot is provided on one side of the surface water tank. After the permeable plate is inserted into the slot, a permeable reaction wall is formed, which is located between the surface water tank and the medium tank; the pumping well is located in the middle of the medium tank, runs through the entire aquifer, and its lower part is drilled in the aquifer section.

[0006] Preferably, the water supply system includes a water inlet valve, a river water inlet, a river water outlet, a pumping well outlet, and a large valve.

[0007] Preferably, the water storage tank is located on one side of the surface water tank and is provided with a water inlet valve.

[0008] Preferably, the surface water tank is provided with a plurality of river water inlets at the upper end of one side, and a plurality of river water outlets at the other side. When the inlets and outlets are all opened, they are used to simulate river water, and when they are all closed, they are used to simulate lake water.

[0009] Preferably, the permeable reaction wall contains repair substances and adsorption materials such as zero-valent iron or activated carbon.

[0010] Preferably, the medium tank is provided with a plurality of transverse observation points, a plurality of longitudinal observation points and a pumping well observation point, all of which are arranged in the aquifer and located at the same height; one side of the medium tank is provided with a plurality of transverse pressure measuring tube connection ports / sampling ports, a plurality of longitudinal pressure measuring tube connection ports / sampling ports and a pumping well outlet; each observation point is connected to the corresponding pressure measuring tube connection port / sampling port through a hose; the pumping well observation point is connected to the pumping well outlet through a hose; each pressure measuring tube connection port / sampling port and the pumping well outlet are provided with a ball valve, and according to the communicating vessel principle, when the ball valve switch is turned to the right, it is used as a pressure measuring tube; when the switch is turned to the left, it is used as a sampling port.

[0011] Preferably, the large valve is used to drain / recharge groundwater, and the groundwater level is maintained at a certain height by controlling the height of the water level regulating pipe.

[0012] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant effects: 1. By changing the water level on both sides, the type of aquifer, the type of surface water, the pumping intensity of the pumping well, the type and concentration of pollutants and the type of repair material in the permeable reaction wall, the interaction between surface water and groundwater can be analyzed in many aspects. 2. It is small in size and easy to move. It can be used for experiments indoors and can be used as an experimental device for scientific research and teaching. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 2 It is a top view of the medium tank;

[0015] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the pumping well structure;

[0016] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the permeable plate;

[0017] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the water level regulating plate structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] like Figures 1 to 5As shown, the main body shell of the present invention is made of organic glass, with a length of 200cm, a width of 60cm, and a height of 80cm. The thickness of the aquifer in the medium tank 9 is 55cm. Multiple horizontal observation points 18, multiple vertical observation points 20, and the pumping well observation point 19 are all set at a height of 25cm in the aquifer of the medium tank 9. The pumping well 21 has an inner diameter of 2cm, a length of 70cm, and a 55cm length section at the bottom. Turn the ball valve switch to the right, close the valves of the river water inlet 4 and the river water outlet 17, and fill the medium tank 9 with sand samples in layers, about 4-6cm each time, and then fill water from the bottom of the tank until a water film appears on the surface of the sand sample, and continue to fill the sand sample at 4-6cm each time. After filling, repeat the complete drainage-complete water filling until the sand layer medium is fully dense, cover it with a layer of plastic film, and evenly fill the upper part with a 15cm thick clay layer to simulate the pressure aquifer. Push the water level regulating plate 1 downward to the lowest height, open the water inlet valve 2, and store water in the water tank 3. Use a small pump to pump the water in the water tank 3 to the surface water tank 5. When studying diving, the water levels of the surface water tank 5 and the groundwater tank 11 must be lower than the top of the sand layer. When studying pressurized water, the water levels of the tanks on both sides must be higher than the top of the sand layer. When the water volume is sufficient, close the water inlet valve 2, adjust the water level of the surface water tank 3 by adjusting the height of the water level regulating plate 1, and adjust the water level of the groundwater tank 11 by adjusting the angle of the water level regulating pipe 12, so as to control the water head and total water head difference at both ends.

[0019] When studying the law of water volume in the interaction between surface water and groundwater under the condition of riverside pumping (irrigation), the water outflow rate of the water level regulating pipe 12 is measured over a period of time, the permeability coefficient K of the porous medium in the medium tank is calculated using the Darcy formula, the ball valve of the water outlet 16 of the pumping well is turned to the left for pumping, and the water outflow rate is controlled by the ball valve to simulate the different pumping intensities of the pumping well 21. The water level changes of each observation point are recorded through each horizontal pressure measuring pipe connection port 14 and the longitudinal pressure measuring pipe connection port 15, and the "falling funnel" formed under the pumping condition is obtained. The hydrogeological parameters of this aquifer are calculated using the standard curve method and the linear diagram method.

[0020] When studying the law of water volume of the interaction between surface water and groundwater near the flowing river water under the condition of pumping (irrigation) beside the river, the river water inlet 4 and the river water outlet 17 are opened at the same time, so that the water in the surface water tank 5 can flow along the tank, simulating the flowing river water, and measuring the flow rate within a certain period of time and the water level height of each observation point under the condition of pumping (irrigation) or not.

[0021] When studying the laws of the interaction between surface water and groundwater in terms of water quality, when the aquifer medium is saturated, the water in the surface water tank 5 is quickly changed from ordinary fresh water to sewage of a certain concentration, and samples are taken from various sampling ports at regular intervals to detect the concentration of pollutants in the samples; when studying the laws under the conditions of riverside pumping (irrigation), the operation is the same, and water is additionally pumped from the pumping wells.

[0022] When studying the interaction between surface water and groundwater near flowing river water in terms of water quality, the river water inlet 4 and the river water outlet 17 are opened at the same time, so that the water in the surface water tank 5 can flow along the tank, simulating the flowing river water, and sampling is performed at each sampling port at regular intervals to detect the concentration of pollutants in the samples; when studying the rules under the conditions of pumping (irrigation) water near the river, the operation is the same, and water is additionally pumped from the pumping well.

[0023] When studying the characteristics and effects of groundwater contaminants under PRB technology, the permeable plate 23 is inserted into the slot 6, and groundwater remediation materials and adsorption materials containing zero-valent iron or activated carbon are filled in the permeable reaction wall 7. Samples are taken through various sampling ports to detect the concentration of pollutants in the samples. When studying the characteristics and effects of remediation under the conditions of riverside pumping (irrigation), the operation is the same, and additional water is pumped from the pumping well.

[0024] When studying the remediation characteristics and effects of groundwater pollutants near flowing river water under PRB technology, the river water inlet 4 and the river water outlet 17 are opened at the same time, so that the water in the surface water tank 5 can flow along the tank, simulating the flowing river water, sampling through various sampling ports, and detecting the concentration of pollutants in the samples. When studying the remediation characteristics and effects under the conditions of pumping (irrigation) near the river, the operation is the same, and additional water is pumped from the pumping well.

Claims

1. An experimental device for the interaction between surface water and groundwater, characterized in that: The invention is composed of a water storage tank (3), a surface water tank (5), a medium tank (9), a groundwater tank (11), a water supply system and a pumping well (21); the water supply system comprises a water inlet valve (2), a river water inlet (4), a river water outlet (17), a pumping well outlet (16) and a large valve (13); one side of the medium tank (9) is a surface water tank (5), and the other side is a groundwater tank (11), which are separated by a permeable plate (8) and a permeable plate (10), respectively; different media are laid in the medium tank (9); one side of the surface water tank (5) is provided with a slot (6); after the permeable plate (23) is inserted into the slot (6), a permeable reaction wall (7) is formed. , located between the surface water tank (5) and the medium tank (9); the pumping well (21) is located in the middle of the medium tank (9), penetrates the entire aquifer, and its lower part is located in the aquifer section. The medium tank (9) is provided with a plurality of transverse observation points (18), a plurality of longitudinal observation points (20) and a pumping well observation point (19), all of which are arranged in the aquifer and located at the same height. One side of the medium tank (9) is provided with a plurality of transverse pressure measuring tube connection ports / sampling ports (14), a plurality of longitudinal pressure measuring tube connection ports / sampling ports (15) and a pumping well outlet (16). Each of the transverse observation points (18) is connected to a corresponding transverse pressure measuring tube connection port / sampling port (14) through a hose, and each of the longitudinal observation points (20) is connected to a corresponding longitudinal pressure measuring tube connection port / sampling port (15) through a hose. The pumping well observation point (19) is connected to the pumping well outlet (16) through a hose.

2. The experimental device for the interaction between surface water and groundwater according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water storage tank (3) is located on one side of the surface water tank (5), separated by a water level regulating plate (1), and is provided with a water inlet valve (2).

3. The experimental device for the interaction between surface water and groundwater according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface water tank (5) is provided with a plurality of river water inlets (4) at the upper end of one side, and a plurality of river water outlets (17) at the other side.

4. The experimental device for the interaction between surface water and groundwater according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surfaces of the water-permeable plates (8), water-permeable plates (10), and water-permeable plates (23) are all covered with dense wire mesh.

5. The experimental device for the interaction between surface water and groundwater according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of transverse pressure measuring tube connection ports / sampling ports (14), the plurality of longitudinal pressure measuring tube connection ports / sampling ports (15) and the water outlet of the pumping well (16) are all provided with ball valves on the outside.

6. The experimental device for the interaction between surface water and groundwater according to claim 1, characterized in that The large valve (13) discharges / recharges groundwater and adjusts the height of the pipe (12) by controlling the water level.

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