Multi-way valve and hydraulic distributor

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-way valve and a hydraulic distributor thereof. The multi-way valve comprises a control valve and a hydraulic distributor connected to each other. The hydraulic distributor comprises a distributor body and a distributor core which can slide back and forth linearly along the inner cavity of the distributor body. The distributor body is provided with a plurality of distributor interfaces which are arranged at intervals along the longitudinal direction and whose projections in the cross section overlap. The distributor core is provided with a longitudinal flow channel and two distribution ports. The longitudinal flow channel comprises a first longitudinal flow channel section and a second longitudinal flow channel section which are not connected to each other. The first distribution port is connected to the first longitudinal flow channel section and corresponds to the position of the first distributor interface. The second distribution port is connected to the second longitudinal flow channel section and corresponds to the position of the second distributor interface. The multi-way valve of the invention only adopts a control valve connected to each other and a hydraulic distributor which can connect to a plurality of actuators, so that a multi-way hydraulic distribution function can be realized, the structure is greatly simplified, and the cost is low.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of hydraulic technology, in particular to a hydraulic distributor and a multi-way valve using the hydraulic distributor, which are particularly suitable for agricultural machinery and engineering machinery. Background Art

[0002] Multi-way valves are used to control the movement of multiple actuators (such as oil cylinders or oil motors) and are widely used in agricultural machinery such as tractors and engineering machinery. The principle of traditional multi-way valves is as follows Figure 1 As shown, other functional valves are connected behind the multi-way valve. The multi-way valve includes a plurality of connected three-position six-way valves. Each valve of the multi-way valve is composed of a three-position six-way valve. Each three-position six-way valve is used to connect an actuator of the machine. The movement of the three-position six-way valve is driven manually or by two electromagnets. Figure 1 The 6-way, 3-position valve is shown in the functional neutral position. Figure 2 and Figure 3 It is a functional status diagram of the three-position six-way valve in the other two positions; the structures of the valves in each way of the multi-way valve with this structure are basically the same, and only one valve can work at a time. When one of the valves in the multi-way valve is working, the other functional valves connected thereto must be in an unloading state. With the increase in the number of valve paths, the structure of the multi-way valve becomes more and more complex and large, especially the three-position six-way valve structure driven by an electromagnet. Since two electromagnets are required for each path, the cost of the entire multi-way valve is expensive. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of this, the first technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a hydraulic distributor capable of connecting multiple actuators, applied to a multi-way valve, simplifying the structure of the multi-way valve and reducing costs.

[0004] Based on a general inventive concept, the second technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a multi-way valve, adopt the hydraulic distributor of the present invention, simplify the structure of the multi-way valve, and reduce the cost.

[0005] In order to solve the above-mentioned first technical problem, the technical solution of the present invention is: a hydraulic distributor, the hydraulic distributor comprising:

[0006] A distributor body, the distributor body having a distributor body inner cavity and a plurality of distributor interfaces communicating with the distributor body inner cavity, the plurality of distributor interfaces being arranged at intervals along a longitudinal direction and being located at different cross sections, the projections of the plurality of distributor interfaces in the cross section being overlapped, the plurality of distributor interfaces comprising N distributor first interfaces and N distributor second interfaces, wherein N>1;

[0007] A distributor core, which can slide linearly and reciprocatingly along the inner cavity of the distributor body, and the distributor core is provided with a longitudinal flow channel and a distribution port; one end of the longitudinal flow channel has a liquid inlet, and the other end of the longitudinal flow channel has a liquid outlet, and the longitudinal flow channel includes a first longitudinal flow channel section and a second longitudinal flow channel section that are not connected; the distribution port includes a first distribution port and a second distribution port that are not connected, the first distribution port is connected with the first longitudinal flow channel section and corresponds to the first interface position of the distributor, and the second distribution port is connected with the second longitudinal flow channel section and corresponds to the second interface position of the distributor; when the first distribution port is connected with a first interface of the distributor, the second distribution port is connected with a second interface of the distributor.

[0008] The following are further improvements to the hydraulic distributor of the present invention:

[0009] Wherein, the first section of the longitudinal flow channel and the second section of the longitudinal flow channel are separated by a flow channel partition.

[0010] Among them, the N first interfaces of the distributor are evenly distributed along the longitudinal direction of the distributor body, and the N second interfaces of the distributor are evenly distributed along the longitudinal direction of the distributor body.

[0011] Wherein, both ends of the distributor core extend out of the distributor body, a fixed oil sleeve is provided on the outer periphery of one end of the distributor core, the fixed oil sleeve is provided with an oil sleeve inner ring groove and an oil sleeve oil port, the oil sleeve oil port, the oil sleeve inner ring groove, and the liquid outlet of the distributor core are communicated; or, the oil sleeve oil port, the oil sleeve inner ring groove, and the liquid inlet of the distributor core are communicated.

[0012] Wherein, the distributor core is connected with a linear drive device.

[0013] Wherein, the linear drive device includes a linear power device, and the output end of the linear power device is connected to the distributor core.

[0014] Wherein, the linear drive device also includes a linear sensor element for detecting the linear displacement of the distributor core, and the linear sensor element and the linear power device are electrically connected to the electronic control unit respectively.

[0015] In order to solve the above second technical problem, the technical solution of the present invention is: a multi-way valve, the multi-way valve comprises:

[0016] A control valve, the control valve comprising two control valve working ports;

[0017] A hydraulic distributor, which is the hydraulic distributor described above, wherein the liquid inlet of the distributor core is connected to one of the working ports of the control valve, and the liquid outlet of the distributor core is connected to the other working port of the control valve.

[0018] The following are further improvements to the multi-way valve of the present invention:

[0019] Wherein, the control valve is a three-position six-way valve, or a three-position four-way valve, or a two-position four-way valve.

[0020] Wherein, the control valve is an electromagnetic control valve; or, the control valve is a manual control valve.

[0021] After adopting the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0022] Since the hydraulic distributor of the present invention includes a distributor body and a distributor core that can slide back and forth linearly along the inner cavity of the distributor body, the distributor body is provided with a plurality of distributor interfaces that are arranged at intervals along the longitudinal direction and whose projections in the cross section overlap, and the plurality of distributor interfaces include N first distributor interfaces and N second distributor interfaces; the distributor core is provided with a longitudinal flow channel and two distribution ports, and the longitudinal flow channel includes a first longitudinal flow channel section and a second longitudinal flow channel section that are not connected, the first distribution port is connected with the first longitudinal flow channel section and corresponds to the position of the first distributor interface, and the second distribution port is connected with the second longitudinal flow channel section and corresponds to the position of the second distributor interface; when connected with an actuator, one first distributor interface and one second distributor interface are connected to one actuator, and since the distributor body is provided with There are N first distributor interfaces and N second distributor interfaces, so that one hydraulic distributor can be connected to multiple actuators; when one of the actuators is needed to work, the distributor core is made to slide linearly and move the required distance relative to the distributor body, the first distribution port of the distributor core corresponds to a position of a first distributor interface, and the second distribution port of the distributor core corresponds to a position of a second distributor interface, so that the fluid path of the actuator is connected, and then the actuator is manipulated to complete the corresponding component function; since one hydraulic distributor can be connected to multiple actuators, compared with the structure of the prior art in which one actuator needs to be connected to a three-position six-way valve, the hydraulic distributor structure of the present invention is greatly simplified and more compact while having the traditional multi-way hydraulic distribution function.

[0023] Since the multi-way valve of the present invention only uses one connected control valve and one hydraulic distributor of the present invention, it can realize the hydraulic distribution function of the traditional multi-way valve, and the structure of the multi-way valve is greatly simplified and the cost is low. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the traditional multi-way valve principle;

[0025] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The three-position six-way valve in the functional state diagram is in the left position;

[0026] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 The three-position six-way valve in the right position functional state diagram;

[0027] Figure 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of a hydraulic distributor according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 XX cross-sectional view;

[0029] Figure 6 yes Figure 4 Middle YY section view;

[0030] Figure 7 is a structural schematic diagram of a hydraulic distributor according to a second embodiment of the invention;

[0031] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure principle of the multi-way valve of the third embodiment of the invention;

[0032] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure principle of the multi-way valve of the fourth embodiment of the invention;

[0033] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure principle of the multi-way valve of the fifth embodiment of the invention;

[0034] In the figure: I-control valve; II-hydraulic distributor;

[0035] 1-distributor body; 2-distributor core; 21-first section of longitudinal flow channel; 211-liquid outlet; 22-second section of longitudinal flow channel; 221-liquid inlet; 23-flow channel partition; 3-fixed oil jacket; 31-inner ring groove of oil jacket; 32-oil jacket oil port; 4-linear drive device; 41-linear power device; 42-linear sensor element; 43-electronic control unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The embodiments described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0037] It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "connected", "connected", "connected" and the like should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a hydraulic connection; it can be a direct connection between two elements, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0038] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for convenience of description and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0039] Embodiment 1

[0040] As Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As commonly shown, the hydraulic distributor of Embodiment 1 of the present invention includes: a distributor body 1 and a distributor core 2. The distributor body 1 is fixedly arranged, and the distributor body 1 has a distributor inner cavity. The distributor core 2 can reciprocate linearly along the distributor inner cavity.

[0041] The distributor body 1 is provided with a plurality of distributor interfaces respectively communicating with its distributor inner cavity. The plurality of distributor interfaces are arranged at intervals along the longitudinal direction and are all located in different cross-sections. The projections of the plurality of distributor interfaces in the cross-section coincide. The plurality of distributor interfaces include N (N is a natural number greater than 1, and the case of N = 4 is schematically shown in the figure) distributor first interfaces A1, A2, A3, A4, and N distributor second interfaces B1, B2, B3, B4. The number of distributor first interfaces is equal to the number of distributor second interfaces. Although the case of N = 4 is schematically shown in the figure, obviously, it is not limited to N = 4. According to the actual hydraulic distribution requirements, the value of N can be appropriately increased or decreased. For example, when the number of actuator components to be connected is more than 4, N > 4; when the number of actuator components to be connected is less than 4, 1 < N < 4; the value of N matches the number of actuator components to be connected.

[0042] The distributor core 2 is provided with a longitudinal flow channel and a distribution port. One end of the longitudinal flow channel has a liquid inlet 221, and the other end of the longitudinal flow channel has a liquid outlet 211; in different working states, the functions of the liquid inlet 221 and the liquid outlet 211 can be interchanged. The liquid inlet 221 can be used as the liquid outlet, and the liquid outlet 211 can be used as the liquid inlet. The longitudinal flow channel includes a non-communicating first longitudinal flow channel section 21 and a second longitudinal flow channel section 22 separated by a flow channel partition 23; the distribution port includes a non-communicating first distribution port A and a second distribution port B. The first distribution port A communicates with the first longitudinal flow channel section 21, and the second distribution port B communicates with the second longitudinal flow channel section 22; the first distribution port A of the distributor core 2 corresponds to the distributor first interfaces A1, A2, A3, A4 of the distributor body 1, and the second distribution port B of the distributor core 2 corresponds to the distributor second interfaces B1, B2, B3, B4 of the distributor body 1. When the first distribution port A is connected to the distributor first interface A1, the second distribution port B is connected to the distributor second interface B1; similarly, when the first distribution port A is connected to the distributor first interface A2, the second distribution port B is connected to the distributor second interface B2; and so on. When the first distribution port A is connected to the distributor first interface AN, the second distribution port B is connected to the distributor second interface BN.

[0043] Among them, the distributor body 1 and the distributor core 2 are not limited to Figure 5 and Figure 6 The cylindrical shape shown, the distributor body 1 and the distributor core 2 can also be in a matching prismatic shape.

[0044] Among them, the optimized design is that the N first interfaces A1, A2, A3, A4 of the distributor are evenly distributed along the longitudinal direction of the distributor body 1; and the N second interfaces B1, B2, B3, B4 of the distributor are evenly distributed along the longitudinal direction of the distributor body 1.

[0045] like Figure 4 As shown, both ends of the distributor core 2 extend out of the distributor body 1, and a fixed oil sleeve 3 is fixedly arranged on the outer periphery of one end of the distributor core 2. The fixed oil sleeve 3 is provided with an inner ring groove 31 and an oil sleeve oil port 32. The oil sleeve oil port 32, the inner ring groove 31, and the liquid outlet 211 of the distributor core 2 are connected. In different states, when the liquid outlet 211 is used as a liquid inlet, the oil sleeve oil port 32, the inner ring groove 31, and the liquid inlet of the distributor core 2 are connected.

[0046] The hydraulic distributor of the first embodiment can be manually driven for the reciprocating linear sliding of the distributor core 2, and has a simple structure and low cost.

[0047] Embodiment 2

[0048] like Figure 7 As shown, the hydraulic distributor of the second embodiment has basically the same structure as the hydraulic distributor of the first embodiment, except that the distributor core 2 is connected to the linear drive device 4, and the reciprocating linear sliding of the distributor core 2 is driven by the linear drive device 4, which has a high degree of automation and more precise control of the distributor core 2.

[0049] The linear drive device 4 includes a linear power device 41, and the output end of the linear power device 41 is connected to the distributor core 2. The linear power device 41 can be a known telescopic cylinder, a linear motor, etc.

[0050] Among them, the linear drive device 4 also includes a linear sensor element 42 for detecting the linear displacement of the distributor core 2. The linear sensor element 42 can adopt a well-known linear sensor. The linear sensor element 42 and the linear power device 41 are respectively electrically connected to the electronic control unit 43 to form a closed-loop control, so that the linear motion control of the distributor core 2 is more precise.

[0051] Embodiment 3

[0052] like Figure 8As shown, the multi-way valve of the third embodiment of the present invention comprises: a control valve I and a hydraulic distributor II connected to the control valve I, and the hydraulic distributor II adopts the hydraulic distributor of the present invention described above. Among them, the control valve I is provided with two control valve working ports A and B; the liquid inlet 221 of the distributor core 2 of the hydraulic distributor is connected to one of the control valve working ports B through the pipeline B, and the liquid outlet 211 of the distributor core 2 is connected to the other control valve working port A through the inner ring groove 31 of the oil sleeve of the fixed oil sleeve 3, the oil sleeve oil port 32, and the pipeline A.

[0053] Among them, the control valve I can be an electromagnetic control valve; it can also be a manual control valve.

[0054] In the third embodiment, the control valve 1 adopts a three-position six-way valve, which is suitable for the situation where other functional valves are connected after the multi-way valve.

[0055] Embodiment 4

[0056] like Fig. 9 As shown, the multi-way valve of the fourth embodiment has basically the same structure principle as the multi-way valve of the third embodiment, except that the control valve I in the multi-way valve of the fourth embodiment adopts a three-position four-way valve, which is suitable for the situation where no other functional valves are connected behind the multi-way valve.

[0057] Embodiment 5

[0058] like Fig.10 As shown, the multi-way valve of the fifth embodiment is basically the same as the multi-way valve of the fourth embodiment in structure and principle, and is also applicable to the case where no other functional valves are connected behind the multi-way valve. The difference is that the control valve I in the multi-way valve of the fifth embodiment adopts a two-position four-way valve, and the two positions (left position and right position) of the valve core of the two-position four-way valve respectively realize the rising and falling functions of the cylinder and other actuators connected to the distributor first interface and the distributor second interface of the hydraulic distributor II; the neutral function is realized by the hydraulic distributor II, and one of the N distributor first interfaces of the distributor body 1 (for example, Figure 8 The distributor first interface A4 in the distributor body 1 is used as the first T port, and one of the N distributor second interfaces of the distributor body 1 (for example, Figure 8 The second interface B4 of the distributor in the apparatus serves as the second T-port, and the first T-port and the second T-port are both connected to the oil return passage. When the first distribution port A of the distributor core 2 is connected to the first T-port of the distributor body 1, and the second distribution port B of the distributor core 2 is connected to the second T-port of the distributor body 1, the neutral function is realized.

[0059] Since the two-position four-way valve has only two working positions, especially when the two-position four-way valve is an electromagnetic control valve, its internal electrical control structure can be realized by only one spring and one electromagnet, which has a simple structure and lower cost.

[0060] above Figure 8 , Fig. 9 , Fig.10 In each embodiment of the multi-way valve shown in FIG. 1 , a control valve I is connected to Figure 7 The situation shown is a hydraulic distributor II with a linear drive 4.

[0061] Obviously, the multi-way valve of the present invention includes but is not limited to the above embodiments. It can also be: a control valve I and Figure 4 The hydraulic distributor of the manual drive mode shown is connected and will not be shown or described again.

[0062] When the multi-way valve of the present invention is applied to agricultural machinery or engineering machinery such as tractors, taking the actuator as an oil cylinder as an example, a first distributor interface and a second distributor interface of the hydraulic distributor II are connected to the oil inlet and oil return port of an oil cylinder; a hydraulic distributor II can connect multiple oil cylinders; when one of the oil cylinders is required to work, the distributor core 2 is linearly moved relative to the distributor body 1 by the required distance, so that the first distribution port A of the distributor core 2 corresponds to the position of a distributor first interface, and the second distribution port B of the distributor core 2 corresponds to the position of a distributor second interface, so that the fluid path of the oil cylinder is connected. Figure 8 Taking the lifting function of the oil cylinder as an example, the control valve I is operated, and the oil supply path is as follows: control valve pressure oil port P → control valve working port B → pipeline B → liquid inlet 221 of distributor core 2 → second section 22 of longitudinal flow channel → second distribution port B → distributor second interface B1 of distributor body 1 → oil cylinder oil inlet → oil cylinder oil chamber, pushing the piston to move and complete the corresponding oil cylinder lifting function; the oil return path is as follows: oil cylinder oil outlet → distributor first interface A1 of distributor body 1 → first distribution port A of distributor core 2 → first section 21 of longitudinal flow channel → liquid outlet 211 of distributor core 2 → inner ring groove 31 of oil sleeve 3 → oil sleeve oil port 32 → pipeline A → control valve working port A → control valve oil return port T.

[0063] The multi-way valve of the present invention only uses one connected control valve and a hydraulic distributor capable of connecting multiple actuators, thereby realizing the hydraulic distribution function of the traditional multi-way valve, and the structure is greatly simplified, more compact and low-cost.

Claims

1. Hydraulic distributor, characterized in that: The hydraulic distributor comprises: A distributor body, the distributor body having a distributor body inner cavity and a plurality of distributor interfaces communicating with the distributor body inner cavity, the plurality of distributor interfaces being arranged at intervals along a longitudinal direction and being located at different cross sections, the projections of the plurality of distributor interfaces in the cross section being overlapped, the plurality of distributor interfaces comprising N distributor first interfaces and N distributor second interfaces, wherein N>1; A distributor core, the distributor core can slide linearly and reciprocatingly along the inner cavity of the distributor body, the distributor core is provided with a longitudinal flow channel and a distribution port; one end of the longitudinal flow channel has a liquid inlet, the other end of the longitudinal flow channel has a liquid outlet, the longitudinal flow channel includes a first longitudinal flow channel section and a second longitudinal flow channel section that are not connected; the distribution port includes a first distribution port and a second distribution port that are not connected, the first distribution port is connected with the first longitudinal flow channel section and corresponds to the first interface position of the distributor, the second distribution port is connected with the second longitudinal flow channel section and corresponds to the second interface position of the distributor; when the first distribution port is connected with one of the first interfaces of the distributor, the second distribution port is connected with one of the second interfaces of the distributor; The first section of the longitudinal flow channel and the second section of the longitudinal flow channel are separated by a flow channel partition; The N first interfaces of the distributor are evenly distributed along the longitudinal direction of the distributor body, and the N second interfaces of the distributor are evenly distributed along the longitudinal direction of the distributor body; Both ends of the distributor core extend out of the distributor body, a fixed oil sleeve is provided on the outer periphery of one end of the distributor core, the fixed oil sleeve is provided with an oil sleeve inner ring groove and an oil sleeve oil port, the oil sleeve oil port, the oil sleeve inner ring groove, and the liquid outlet of the distributor core are communicated; or, the oil sleeve oil port, the oil sleeve inner ring groove, and the liquid inlet of the distributor core are communicated.

2. The hydraulic distributor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distributor core is connected with a linear drive device.

3. The hydraulic distributor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The linear drive device comprises a linear power device, and an output end of the linear power device is connected to the distributor core.

4. The hydraulic distributor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The linear drive device also includes a linear sensor element for detecting the linear displacement of the distributor core. The linear sensor element and the linear power device are electrically connected to the electronic control unit respectively.

5. Multi-way valve, characterized in that: The multi-way valve comprises: A control valve, the control valve comprising two control valve working ports; A hydraulic distributor, wherein the hydraulic distributor is the hydraulic distributor according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the liquid inlet of the distributor core is connected to one of the working ports of the control valve, and the liquid outlet of the distributor core is connected to the other working port of the control valve.

6. The multi-way valve according to claim 5, characterized in that: The control valve is a three-position six-way valve, or a three-position four-way valve, or a two-position four-way valve.

7. The multi-way valve according to claim 6, characterized in that: The control valve is an electromagnetic control valve; or, the control valve is a manual control valve.

Images