A gear ring mechanism of a synchronizer

Abstract

A synchronizer gear ring mechanism, comprising a coupling tooth, a synchronizer lock ring, a cone ring, and a plurality of friction plates, wherein the axial hole of the synchronizer lock ring is a cone hole, the coupling tooth is provided with a cone boss, the cone ring is on the cone boss, and the cone ring is located between the outer cone surface of the cone boss of the coupling tooth and the inner cone surface of the synchronizer lock ring, and the friction plate is fixedly connected to the inner cone surface of the cone ring; the angle β between the outer cone surface of the cone ring and the central axis 2 Greater than the angle β between the inner cone surface of the synchronizer lock ring and the central axis 1 The large end of the inner cone surface of the synchronizer lock ring contacts the large end of the outer cone surface of the cone ring, the angle between the inner cone surface of the cone ring and the central axis is greater than the angle α between the outer cone surface of the coupling tooth and the central axis, and the small end of the inner cone surface of the cone ring contacts the small end of the outer cone surface of the coupling tooth through the friction plate; the large diameter end of the cone ring is provided with a plurality of open grooves, the small end of the cone ring is provided with a plurality of limit bosses extending along the generatrix, and the small end of the synchronizer lock ring is provided with a plurality of radially extending limit blocks, and a limit groove is formed between two adjacent limit blocks for the limit bosses to be inserted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of automobile transmissions, and in particular to a gear ring mechanism of a synchronizer. Background Art

[0002] The synchronization structure of the automobile synchronizer is a mechanical device that enables the car to achieve smooth gear shifting. In order to ensure that some gears such as 1st gear, 2nd gear, reverse gear and even 3rd gear and 4th gear are shifted easily and smoothly during the operation of the vehicle, these gears are often designed as double-cone synchronizer gear ring mechanisms or even triple-cone synchronizer gear ring mechanisms.

[0003] See also Figure 6 In the existing double cone synchronizer gear ring mechanism, it generally includes a coupling tooth (1a), an inner ring (5a), a cone ring (3a), a synchronizer lock ring (4a), and two circles of friction plates (2a). The synchronizer lock ring (4a) and the inner ring (5a) rotate synchronously, the coupling tooth (1a) and the cone ring (3a) rotate synchronously, and the friction plate (2a) is arranged between the inner cone surface and the outer cone surface of the cone ring (3a) and the outer cone surface of the inner ring (5a) and the inner cone surface of the synchronizer lock ring (4a), respectively, and speed synchronization is achieved through the friction of the two pairs of cone surfaces.

[0004] join Figure 7 In the existing three-cone synchronizer gear ring mechanism, it generally includes a coupling tooth (1b), an inner ring (5b), a cone ring (3b), a synchronizer lock ring (4b), and three circles of friction plates (2b). The coupling tooth (1b) rotates synchronously with the cone ring (3b), and the inner ring (5b) rotates synchronously with the synchronizer lock ring (4b). A circle of friction plates (2b) is arranged between the outer cone surface of the coupling tooth (1b) and the inner cone surface of the inner ring (5b), between the outer cone surface of the inner ring (5b) and the inner cone surface of the cone ring (3b), and between the outer cone surface of the cone ring (3b) and the inner cone surface of the synchronizer lock ring (4b). Speed ​​synchronization is achieved through the friction of the three pairs of cone surfaces.

[0005] According to the synchronization principle of the synchronizer, the shift force is inversely proportional to the synchronization capacity of the synchronizer. (where F is the shifting force applied to the synchronizer gear ring mechanism, I is the moment of inertia of the input end of the synchronizer gear ring mechanism, Δω is the speed difference between the input and output ends of the synchronizer gear ring mechanism, C is the synchronization capacity of the synchronizer gear ring mechanism, and t is the synchronization time), that is, the larger the synchronization capacity C, the smaller the shifting force of the synchronizer gear ring mechanism, the smaller the shifting force of the vehicle, and the easier the shifting. The synchronization capacity of the single-cone synchronizer gear ring mechanism is The synchronization capacity of the double-cone synchronizer gear ring mechanism is The synchronization capacity of the three-cone synchronizer gear ring mechanism is (where μd is the dynamic friction coefficient of the friction material, d cis the average diameter of the friction cone surface of the synchronizer gear ring mechanism, and α is the angle between the friction cone surface and the central axis). Therefore, it can be seen that the more friction cone surfaces there are, the greater the synchronization capacity is, and the smaller α is, the greater the synchronization capacity is. Therefore, when α is the same, the more friction cone surfaces there are, the smaller the shift force is, that is, when α is the same, the shift force of the single cone synchronizer, double cone synchronizer, and triple cone synchronizer decreases in turn, and the driver is easier to operate, but at the same time, the more friction cone surfaces there are, the more parts there are, and the cost of the synchronizer is also higher.

[0006] According to the friction principle, when tanα<μ s (where α is the angle between the friction cone and the central axis, μ s is the static friction coefficient), the friction cone surface will self-lock, the gear shift will be stuck or even difficult to shift. Therefore, in order to ensure smooth gear shifting without sticking, the friction cone surface angle α of the synchronizer gear ring mechanism must satisfy tanα>μ s , while for most friction materials used in synchronizer gear ring mechanisms, μ s >μ d , μ d It is 0.08~0.13, so the α of the synchronizer ring mechanism must be no less than 6.5°, and the α of the multi-cone synchronizer ring mechanism is usually designed to be 7.5°~10°.

[0007] Although the current multi-cone synchronizer gear ring mechanism meets the requirements in terms of performance, it is relatively costly. Summary of the invention

[0008] In order to solve the above problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a synchronizer gear ring mechanism with small shifting force and reduced cost. The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0009] A synchronizer gear ring mechanism comprises a coupling tooth (1), a synchronizer lock ring (4), a cone ring (3), and a plurality of friction plates (2); the axial hole of the synchronizer lock ring (4) is a cone hole; the coupling tooth (1) is provided with an axially extending cone boss (5); the cone ring (3) is sleeved on the cone boss (5) of the coupling tooth (1); and the cone ring (3) is located between the outer cone surface of the cone boss (5) of the coupling tooth (1) and the inner cone surface of the synchronizer lock ring (4); the friction plate (2) is fixedly connected to the inner cone surface of the cone ring (3); the angle β between the outer cone surface of the cone ring (3) and the central axis is 2 Greater than the angle β between the inner cone surface of the synchronizer lock ring (4) and the central axis 1The large end of the inner conical surface of the synchronizer lock ring (4) contacts the large end of the outer conical surface of the cone ring (3), the small end of the inner conical surface of the synchronizer lock ring (4) does not contact the small end of the outer conical surface of the cone ring (3), the angle between the inner conical surface of the cone ring (3) and the central axis is greater than the angle α between the outer conical surface of the coupling tooth (1) and the central axis, the small end of the inner conical surface of the cone ring (3) contacts the small end of the outer conical surface of the coupling tooth (1) through the friction plate (2), and the large end of the inner conical surface of the cone ring (3) contacts the outer conical surface of the coupling tooth (1). The large ends of the conical surfaces do not contact; the large diameter end of the cone ring (3) is provided with a plurality of open grooves (6) extending along the generatrix, the small end of the cone ring (3) is provided with a plurality of limit bosses (7) extending along the generatrix, the small end of the axial hole of the synchronizer lock ring (4) is provided with a plurality of radially extending limit blocks (8), and a limit groove is formed between two adjacent limit blocks (8) for the limit bosses (7) of the cone ring (3) to be inserted to form a limit, and the number of the limit bosses (7) is not greater than the number of the limit blocks (8).

[0010] The angle β between the inner conical surface of the synchronizer lock ring (4) and the central axis 1 It is 6.5°~10.5°.

[0011] The included angle α between the outer conical surface of the coupling tooth (1) and the central axis is 2.5° to 6°.

[0012] The number of the friction plates (2) is consistent with the number of the open grooves (6) on the cone ring (3), and a friction plate (2) is fixedly connected between every two adjacent open grooves (6).

[0013] The number of upper limit blocks (8) of the synchronizer lock ring (4) is an integral multiple of the number of upper limit bosses (7) of the cone ring (3).

[0014] The angle β between the outer cone surface of the cone ring (3) and the central axis is 2 The included angle β between the inner cone surface of the synchronizer lock ring (4) and the central axis 1 1°~2° larger.

[0015] The outer circumferences of the synchronizer lock ring (4) and the coupling tooth (1) are both provided with short external spline teeth, and the synchronizer lock ring (4) and the coupling tooth (1) are both provided with a sharp angle that is conducive to engagement on the side facing the small end of the cone surface.

[0016] The above technical solution comprises a coupling tooth (1), a synchronizer lock ring (4), a cone ring (3), and a plurality of friction plates (2); the axial hole of the synchronizer lock ring (4) is a cone hole; the coupling tooth (1) is provided with an axially extending cone boss (5); the cone ring (3) is sleeved on the cone boss (5) of the coupling tooth (1); and the cone ring (3) is located between the outer cone surface of the cone boss (5) of the coupling tooth (1) and the inner cone surface of the synchronizer lock ring (4); the friction plate (2) is fixedly connected to the inner cone surface of the cone ring (3); the angle β between the outer cone surface of the cone ring (3) and the central axis 2 Greater than the angle β between the inner cone surface of the synchronizer lock ring (4) and the central axis 1 The large end of the inner conical surface of the synchronizer lock ring (4) contacts the large end of the outer conical surface of the cone ring (3), the small end of the inner conical surface of the synchronizer lock ring (4) does not contact the small end of the outer conical surface of the cone ring (3), the angle between the inner conical surface of the cone ring (3) and the central axis is greater than the angle α between the outer conical surface of the coupling tooth (1) and the central axis, the small end of the inner conical surface of the cone ring (3) contacts the small end of the outer conical surface of the coupling tooth (1) through the friction plate (2), and the large end of the inner conical surface of the cone ring (3) does not contact the large end of the outer conical surface of the coupling tooth (1); the cone ring ( The large diameter end of the synchronizer lock ring (3) is provided with a plurality of open grooves (6) extending along the generatrix, the open grooves (6) enable the cone ring (3) to produce a greater elastic deformation, the small end of the cone ring (3) is provided with a plurality of limit bosses (7) extending along the generatrix, the small end of the axial hole of the synchronizer lock ring (4) is provided with a plurality of radially extending limit blocks (8), a limit groove is formed between two adjacent limit blocks (8) for the limit bosses (7) of the cone ring (3) to be inserted to form a limit, and the number of the limit bosses (7) is not greater than the number of the limit blocks (8). In the synchronizer gear ring mechanism, when the synchronizer lock ring (4) is subjected to an axial shift force F, the inner conical surface of the synchronizer lock ring (4) squeezes the outer conical surface of the cone ring (3), causing the cone ring (3) to produce elastic deformation, so that the inner conical surface of the cone ring (3) is pressed against the outer conical surface of the coupling tooth (1) through the friction plate (2). Since the limiting boss (7) of the cone ring (3) is stuck in the limiting groove of the synchronizer lock ring (4), the cone ring (3) must rotate synchronously with the synchronizer lock ring (4), and the inner conical surface of the cone ring (3) generates friction with the outer conical surface of the coupling tooth (1) through the friction plate (2). At this time, the synchronization capacity of the synchronizer gear ring mechanism is Where μd is the dynamic friction coefficient of the friction material, d c is the average diameter of the friction cone surface of the synchronizer gear ring mechanism, α is the angle between the friction cone surface and the central axis, and the angle α between the outer cone surface of the combined tooth (1) and the central axis in the present invention is 2.5° to 6°. Therefore, when the average diameter of the friction cone surface d cWhen the dynamic friction coefficient μd of the friction material is the same, the synchronization capacity of the present invention can reach up to 1.5 times of that of the traditional double-cone synchronizer gear ring mechanism, and is equivalent to the synchronizer capacity of the traditional three-cone synchronizer gear ring mechanism, so that the shifting force of the whole vehicle using the present invention can be reduced to 2 / 3 of that using the traditional double-cone synchronizer gear ring mechanism, which is equivalent to the shifting force of the whole vehicle using the traditional three-cone synchronizer gear ring mechanism. In addition, compared with the traditional double-cone synchronizer gear ring mechanism, the present invention has one less inner ring (5a) and one circle of friction plates (2a), so the cost of the present invention is about 20% lower than that of the traditional double-cone synchronizer gear ring mechanism, and the weight can also be reduced by about 10%. Compared with the traditional three-cone synchronizer gear ring mechanism, the present invention has one less inner ring (5b) and two circles of friction plates (2b), so the cost of the present invention is about 35% lower than that of the traditional three-cone synchronizer gear ring mechanism, and the weight can be reduced by about 20%.

[0017] The number of the friction plates (2) is consistent with the number of the open grooves (6) on the cone ring (3), a friction plate (2) is fixedly connected between every two adjacent open grooves (6), and the friction plate (2) is connected to the cone ring (3) by means of adhesive fixation.

[0018] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified image of point A;

[0021] Figure 3 This is an enlarged view of point A when the shift force is applied;

[0022] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the split structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 is an axonometric view of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of a traditional double-cone synchronizer gear ring mechanism;

[0025] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a traditional three-cone synchronizer gear ring mechanism. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] An embodiment of the gear ring mechanism of the synchronizer of the present invention:

[0027] See also Figure 1-Figure 7A synchronizer gear ring mechanism comprises a coupling tooth (1), a synchronizer lock ring (4), a cone ring (3), and a plurality of friction plates (2); the axial hole of the synchronizer lock ring (4) is a cone hole; the coupling tooth (1) is provided with an axially extending cone boss (5); the cone ring (3) is sleeved on the cone boss (5) of the coupling tooth (1); and the cone ring (3) is located between the outer cone surface of the cone boss (5) of the coupling tooth (1) and the inner cone surface of the synchronizer lock ring (4); the friction plate (2) is fixedly connected to the inner cone surface of the cone ring (3); the angle β between the outer cone surface of the cone ring (3) and the central axis 2 Greater than the angle β between the inner cone surface of the synchronizer lock ring (4) and the central axis 1 The large end of the inner conical surface of the synchronizer lock ring (4) contacts the large end of the outer conical surface of the cone ring (3), the small end of the inner conical surface of the synchronizer lock ring (4) does not contact the small end of the outer conical surface of the cone ring (3), the angle between the inner conical surface of the cone ring (3) and the central axis is greater than the angle α between the outer conical surface of the coupling tooth (1) and the central axis, the small end of the inner conical surface of the cone ring (3) contacts the small end of the outer conical surface of the coupling tooth (1) through the friction plate (2), and the large end of the inner conical surface of the cone ring (3) does not contact the large end of the outer conical surface of the coupling tooth (1); the cone ring ( The large diameter end of the cone ring (3) is provided with a plurality of open grooves (6) extending along the generatrix, the open grooves (6) enabling the cone ring (3) to produce a greater elastic deformation, the number of the friction plates (2) is consistent with the number of the open grooves (6) on the cone ring (3), a friction plate (2) is fixedly connected between every two adjacent open grooves (6), in this embodiment, the cone ring (3) is provided with three open grooves (6), there are three friction plates (2) in total, forming a circle, and the friction plates (2) are attached to the inner conical surface of the cone ring (3) by means of adhesive fixation. The small end of the cone ring (3) is provided with a plurality of limiting bosses (7) extending along the generatrix, and the small end of the axial hole of the synchronizer lock ring (4) is provided with a plurality of radially extending limiting blocks (8). A limiting groove is formed between two adjacent limiting blocks (8) for the limiting bosses (7) of the cone ring (3) to be inserted to form a limit. The number of the limiting bosses (7) is not greater than the number of the limiting blocks (8), and the number of the limiting blocks (8) is an integer multiple of the number of the limiting bosses (7). In this embodiment, three limiting bosses (7) are provided on the cone ring (3), and six limiting blocks (8) are provided on the synchronizer lock ring (4). The angle β between the inner conical surface of the synchronizer lock ring (4) and the central axis is 1 The angle α between the outer conical surface of the coupling tooth (1) and the central axis is 2.5° to 6°. The angle β between the outer conical surface of the cone ring (3) and the central axis is 2 The included angle β between the inner cone surface of the synchronizer lock ring (4) and the central axis 11° to 2° larger. The outer peripheries of the synchronizer lock ring (4) and the coupling tooth (1) are both provided with short external spline teeth, and the short external spline teeth of the synchronizer lock ring (4) and the coupling tooth (1) are both provided with sharp angles that are conducive to engagement on the side facing the small end of the cone surface. In this synchronizer gear ring mechanism, when the synchronizer lock ring (4) is subjected to an axial shift force F, the inner conical surface of the synchronizer lock ring (4) squeezes the outer conical surface of the cone ring (3), causing the cone ring (3) to produce elastic deformation, thereby causing the inner conical surface of the cone ring (3) to be pressed against the outer conical surface of the coupling tooth (1) through the friction plate (2). Since the limiting boss (7) of the cone ring (3) is stuck in the limiting groove of the synchronizer lock ring (4), the cone ring (3) must rotate synchronously with the synchronizer lock ring (4), and the inner conical surface of the cone ring (3) generates friction with the outer conical surface of the coupling tooth (1) through the friction plate (2). At this time, the synchronization capacity of the synchronizer gear ring mechanism is Where μd is the dynamic friction coefficient of the friction material, d c is the average diameter of the friction cone surface of the synchronizer gear ring mechanism, α is the angle between the friction cone surface and the central axis, and the angle α between the outer cone surface of the combined tooth (1) and the central axis in the present invention is 2.5° to 6°. Therefore, when the average diameter of the friction cone surface d c When the dynamic friction coefficient μd of the friction material is the same, the synchronization capacity of the present invention can reach up to 1.5 times of that of the traditional double-cone synchronizer gear ring mechanism, and is equivalent to the synchronizer capacity of the traditional three-cone synchronizer gear ring mechanism, so that the shifting force of the whole vehicle using the present invention can be reduced to 2 / 3 of that using the traditional double-cone synchronizer gear ring mechanism, which is equivalent to the shifting force of the whole vehicle using the traditional three-cone synchronizer gear ring mechanism. In addition, compared with the traditional double-cone synchronizer gear ring mechanism, the present invention has one less inner ring (5a) and one circle of friction plates (2a), so the cost of the present invention is about 20% lower than that of the traditional double-cone synchronizer gear ring mechanism, and the weight can also be reduced by about 10%. Compared with the traditional three-cone synchronizer gear ring mechanism, the present invention has one less inner ring (5b) and two circles of friction plates (2b), so the cost of the present invention is about 35% lower than that of the traditional three-cone synchronizer gear ring mechanism, and the weight can be reduced by about 20%.

[0028] When the present invention is working, the shift force F is applied to the synchronizer lock ring (4), and the synchronizer lock ring (4) moves axially in the direction of the coupling tooth (1). At the same time, the inner conical surface of the synchronizer lock ring (4) squeezes the outer conical surface of the cone ring (3), and the cone ring (3) undergoes elastic deformation, so that the inner conical surface of the synchronizer lock ring (4) and the outer conical surface of the cone ring (3) change from large-end contact to whole-conical surface contact, and the inner conical surface of the cone ring (3) and the outer conical surface of the coupling tooth (1) change from small-end contact to whole-conical surface contact, that is, the inner conical surface of the cone ring (3) presses the friction plate (2) tightly against the outer conical surface of the coupling tooth (1), and because the limiting boss (7) of the cone ring (3) is stuck in the limiting groove of the synchronizer lock ring (4), , the cone ring (3) and the synchronizer lock ring (4) rotate synchronously, and the inner cone surface of the cone ring (3) generates a friction torque through the friction plate (2) and the outer cone surface of the coupling tooth (1). Under the action of the friction torque, the rotation speeds of the coupling tooth (1) and the synchronizer lock ring (4) gradually reach the same, and the synchronization function of the synchronizer is realized; when the shift force F is no longer applied to the synchronizer lock ring (4), the cone ring (3) pushes the synchronizer lock ring (4) from the outer cone surface of the cone ring (3) due to its own elastic force, and the inner cone surface of the cone ring (3) also returns to the initial state due to its own elastic force and is no longer tightly attached to the outer cone surface of the coupling tooth (1), so that the entire shifting process will be very smooth.

Claims

1. A synchronizer gear ring mechanism, comprising a coupling tooth (1), a synchronizer lock ring (4), a cone ring (3), and a plurality of friction plates (2), characterized in that: The axial hole of the synchronizer lock ring (4) is a tapered hole, the coupling tooth (1) is provided with an axially extending tapered boss (5), the tapered ring (3) is sleeved on the tapered boss (5) of the coupling tooth (1), and the tapered ring (3) is located between the outer tapered surface of the tapered boss (5) of the coupling tooth (1) and the inner tapered surface of the synchronizer lock ring (4), and the friction plate (2) is fixedly connected to the inner tapered surface of the tapered ring (3); the inner tapered surface of the synchronizer lock ring (4) is in contact with the center axis. The angle β1 is 6.5° to 10.5°, the angle β2 between the outer cone surface of the cone ring (3) and the central axis is greater than the angle β1 between the inner cone surface of the synchronizer lock ring (4) and the central axis, the large end of the inner cone surface of the synchronizer lock ring (4) contacts the large end of the outer cone surface of the cone ring (3), the small end of the inner cone surface of the synchronizer lock ring (4) does not contact the small end of the outer cone surface of the cone ring (3), and the angle α between the outer cone surface of the coupling tooth (1) and the central axis is 2. 5°~6°, the angle between the inner conical surface of the cone ring (3) and the central axis is greater than the angle α between the outer conical surface of the coupling tooth (1) and the central axis, the small end of the inner conical surface of the cone ring (3) contacts the small end of the outer conical surface of the coupling tooth (1) through the friction plate (2), and the large end of the inner conical surface of the cone ring (3) does not contact the large end of the outer conical surface of the coupling tooth (1); the large diameter end of the cone ring (3) is provided with a plurality of open grooves (6) extending along the generatrix, the small end of the cone ring (3) is provided with a plurality of limit bosses (7) extending along the generatrix, the small end of the axial hole of the synchronizer lock ring (4) is provided with a plurality of radially extending limit blocks (8), a limit groove is formed between two adjacent limit blocks (8) for the limit bosses (7) of the cone ring (3) to be inserted to form a limit, the number of the limit bosses (7) is not greater than the number of the limit blocks (8), and the number of the upper limit blocks (8) of the synchronizer lock ring (4) is an integer multiple of the number of the upper limit bosses (7) of the cone ring (3).

2. The synchronizer gear ring mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the friction plates (2) is consistent with the number of the open grooves (6) on the cone ring (3), and a friction plate (2) is fixedly connected between every two adjacent open grooves (6).

3. The synchronizer gear ring mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The included angle β2 between the outer cone surface of the cone ring (3) and the central axis is 1° to 2° greater than the included angle β1 between the inner cone surface of the synchronizer lock ring (4) and the central axis.

4. The synchronizer gear ring mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer circumferences of the synchronizer lock ring (4) and the coupling tooth (1) are both provided with short external spline teeth, and the synchronizer lock ring (4) and the coupling tooth (1) are both provided with a sharp angle that is conducive to engagement on the side facing the small end of the conical surface.

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