A type of internal hexagon punching machine

Abstract

The present invention discloses a hexagonal punching machine, comprising a frame, a tailstock and a spindle box slidably matched with the frame are provided on the frame, the spindle box is provided with a rotating spindle, the tailstock is provided with a push rod for positioning one end of a workpiece, the spindle is provided with a tool acting on the other end of the workpiece, the tool comprises a front shaft, a rear shaft and a cutter head fixed on the front shaft, the rear shaft is coaxially fixedly connected with the spindle, the front shaft and the rear shaft are eccentrically arranged for rotation, the spindle and the rear shaft drive the front shaft and the cutter head to generate radial vibration when rotating, and the frame is provided with a punching feed unit driving the spindle box to slide toward the end of the push rod. The present invention aims to effectively reduce the requirements for equipment and save production costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of machining punching, and in particular relates to a hexagonal punching machine. Background Art

[0002] At present, the existing technology for processing hexagonal holes adopts a stamping method, such as China Patent Publication No.: CN212190817U, which discloses a hexagonal punching machine on the surface of mechanical parts, which can punch hexagonal holes on metal parts of different specifications, including a workbench, a crossbeam, a cross plate, a hydraulic cylinder, a piston, a punching knife, a baffle and a collection box. The four corners of the bottom end of the workbench are respectively provided with support legs, and a crossbeam is connected between each two groups of support legs. A bearing platform is provided between the two groups of crossbeams. Two groups of vertical plates are provided at the top of the workbench. The top of the vertical plate is connected to the bottom of the cross plate. The top of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the bottom of the cross plate by moving to the device, the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the hydraulic pump, the bottom of the hydraulic cylinder is slidably connected to the top of the piston, the piston is connected to the punching knife, and a drop hole is provided in the middle of the top of the workbench. Two groups of baffles are slidably connected to the workbench. The collection box is located on the bearing platform, and the collection box is located on the bottom side of the drop hole. Such a punching machine outputs power through the hydraulic cylinder of the punch press to drive the punching knife to move down, and uses the punching knife to punch the hexagonal holes of the mechanical parts. However, since processing by a punch press requires greater power, the punch press is larger in size, and the equipment cost and processing cost are also higher. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art in that the hexagon socket punching equipment and processing costs are relatively high, the present invention provides a hexagon socket punching machine, which effectively reduces the equipment and production costs.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] A hexagonal punching machine includes a frame, a tailstock and a spindle box that slides with the frame, the spindle box is provided with a rotating spindle, the tailstock is provided with a push rod for positioning one end of a workpiece, the spindle is provided with a tool that acts on the other end of the workpiece, the tool includes a front shaft, a rear shaft and a cutter head fixed on the front shaft, the rear shaft is coaxially fixedly connected to the spindle, the front shaft and the rear shaft are eccentrically arranged for rotation, the spindle and the rear shaft drive the front shaft and the cutter head to generate radial vibration when the spindle and the rear shaft rotate, and the frame is provided with a punching feed unit that drives the spindle box to slide toward the end of the push rod. When the spindle of the spindle box drives the tool, the rear shaft of the tool keeps rotating synchronously with the spindle, and the front shaft and the rear shaft can rotate relative to each other, so when the cutter head of the tool acts on the prefabricated hole of the workpiece, the front shaft remains fixed relative to the workpiece, and the rear shaft rotates with the spindle. At the same time, because the front and rear shafts are arranged eccentrically, the rear shaft can generate radial force on the front shaft, causing the cutter head of the front shaft to vibrate radially, and cooperate with the spindle box to drive the tool forward to realize the feed of the cutter head. The cutter head acts on the prefabricated hole to complete the punching operation on the workpiece. In this way, the high-frequency eccentric vibration of the cutter head can greatly reduce the requirements for feed power, and also facilitate continuous processing, thereby improving production efficiency and reducing production costs.

[0006] Preferably, the tool further comprises a sleeve, one end of the sleeve close to the main shaft is fixedly connected to the rear shaft, and one end of the sleeve away from the main shaft is provided with a sleeve hole, the sleeve hole is eccentrically arranged with the main shaft, the front shaft is arranged in the sleeve hole, and the front shaft and the sleeve hole are coaxially rotated. When the main shaft drives the rear shaft to rotate, the rear shaft also synchronously drives the sleeve to rotate, and the eccentric sleeve hole on the sleeve cooperates with the front shaft, so that the front shaft can be reliably positioned, and it is also convenient to replace the front shaft and the cutter head according to actual production requirements.

[0007] Preferably, rolling bearings cooperating with the front shaft are respectively provided at the bottom and the opening of the sleeve hole, and the front shaft is provided with a thrust bearing between the two rolling bearings, and the thrust bearing abuts against the rolling bearings on both sides. The front shaft is supported by two rolling bearings, so that the front shaft and the sleeve can rotate smoothly relative to each other, and the positioning accuracy of the cutter head is also ensured. The thrust bearing can withstand the axial force when the cutter head is fed, ensuring stable and reliable feeding of the cutter head.

[0008] Preferably, a positioning part is provided in the sleeve hole, the rear shaft abuts against the positioning part, a through hole is provided at the center of the positioning part, the front shaft passes through the through hole, and a retaining ring is provided at the end of the front shaft passing through the through hole. The retaining ring can axially position the front shaft, and keep the front shaft and the sleeve relatively fixed when the tool is withdrawn after processing to prevent the front shaft from being separated from the sleeve.

[0009] Preferably, a head bottom plate is provided at the bottom of the spindle box, a head slide rail is provided on the frame, the head bottom plate is slidably connected and arranged on the head slide rail, and the punching feed unit is an oil cylinder. The oil cylinder drives the spindle box to move, realizes the feeding and retracting of the tool, and the head slide rail can guide the sliding of the spindle box to ensure the moving accuracy and stability.

[0010] Preferably, a loading mechanism is provided on the frame, and the loading mechanism includes a loading channel for conveying workpieces and a loading push block located at the bottom of the loading channel. The frame is provided with a loading cylinder that drives the loading push block to push the workpiece at the bottom of the loading channel to between the ejector rod and the tool. When the loading cylinder pushes the loading push block, the loading push block pushes the workpiece at the bottom of the loading channel to between the ejector rod and the tool, thereby realizing rapid loading and improving production efficiency.

[0011] Preferably, the feeding channel comprises a first feeding baffle and a second feeding baffle arranged in parallel, vertical grooves are respectively arranged on the opposite surfaces of the first feeding baffle and the second feeding baffle, and feeding guide rails are respectively arranged on the tops of the first feeding baffle and the second feeding baffle for guiding toward the tops of the vertical grooves. The workpieces to be processed can be arranged in parallel along the feeding guide rails and fall into the vertical grooves, which is conducive to the feeding push block pushing the workpieces one by one to the processing position.

[0012] Preferably, the first loading baffle is fixedly connected to the frame, and the frame is provided with a baffle slide rail that is slidably matched with the second loading baffle, and when the second loading baffle slides on the baffle slide rail, the distance between the first loading baffle and the second loading baffle changes. In this way, the distance between the first loading baffle and the second loading baffle is adjustable, which has good adaptability to workpieces of different lengths.

[0013] Preferably, the frame is provided with a material receiving mechanism, which includes a limit block corresponding to the height of the material loading push block, a sliding hole is provided in the limit block, a material receiving block that slides in the sliding hole is provided, and the frame is provided with a material receiving cylinder that drives the material receiving block to move toward the material loading push block, and a V-shaped material receiving groove is provided on the side of the material receiving block facing the material loading push block. When loading, the material receiving cylinder can push the material receiving block toward the material loading push block, so that the material receiving block cooperates with the material loading push block to clamp the workpiece and transport it to the processing position, ensuring that the loading process is smooth and stable.

[0014] Preferably, a V-shaped pushing groove is provided on one side of the loading push block facing the limiting block, and a V-shaped limiting groove is provided on one side of the limiting block facing the loading push block, and when the loading push block and the limiting block clamp the workpiece, the workpiece is located between the pushing groove and the limiting groove. In this way, after loading, the pushing groove of the loading push block and the limiting groove on the limiting block can automatically center the workpiece and reliably position the workpiece.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: (1) the tool performs hexagonal punching on the end of the workpiece through eccentric vibration and feeding, which reduces the difficulty of punching and saves production costs; (2) the workpiece is firmly clamped and positioned to ensure the positioning accuracy of the workpiece during the punching process; (3) continuous and reliable material loading is achieved to improve processing efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure when the workpiece of the present invention moves to the bottom of the vertical groove;

[0018] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the material receiving block of the present invention when it is ejected;

[0019] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the workpiece after being clamped and positioned in the present invention;

[0020] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a tool of the present invention.

[0021] In the figure: tailstock 1, push rod 2, hand wheel 2a, material receiving cylinder 3, limit block 4, sliding hole 4a, limit groove 4b, tool 5, rear shaft 5a, sleeve 5b, front shaft 5c, tool head 5d, tapered roller bearing 51, thrust bearing 52, ball bearing 53, retaining ring 54, positioning part 501, sleeve hole 502, threaded hole 503, spindle box 6, spindle 6a, cylinder 6b, motor 7, feeding channel 8, vertical groove 81, feeding guide rail 82, first feeding baffle 8a, second feeding baffle 8b, head bottom plate 9, head slide rail 10, workpiece 11, prefabricated hole 11a, feeding cylinder 12, feeding push block 13, pushing groove 13a, baffle slide rail 14, frame 15, material receiving block 16, material receiving groove 16a. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0023] like Figure 1In the embodiment shown, a hexagonal punching machine includes a frame 15, a tailstock 1 and a spindle box 6 that is slidably matched with the frame 15 are provided on the frame 15, a head bottom plate 9 is provided at the bottom of the spindle box 6, a head slide rail 10 is provided on the frame 15, and the head bottom plate 9 is slidably connected and arranged on the head slide rail 10. A spindle 6a is provided in the spindle box 6, and a motor 7 is provided on the top of the spindle box 6, and the motor 7 drives the spindle 6a of the spindle box 6 to rotate. A push rod 2 for positioning one end of a workpiece 11 is provided on the tailstock 1, and a tool 5 is provided on the spindle 6a for acting on the other end of the workpiece 11. The push rod 2 and the tailstock 1 are positioned by threaded matching, and a hand wheel 2a is provided at the outer end of the push rod 2. The push rod 2 can be driven to move forward or backward by rotating the hand wheel 2a, thereby adjusting the distance between the push rod 2 and the tool 5 to adapt to workpieces 11 of different lengths. A punching feed unit is provided on the frame 15 . The punching feed unit in this embodiment is an oil cylinder 6 b . When the piston rod of the oil cylinder 6 b is pushed out, the spindle box 6 is driven to slide along the machine head slide rail 10 toward the end of the push rod 2 .

[0024] Combination Figure 2 As shown, a loading mechanism is provided on the frame 15, and the loading mechanism includes a loading channel 8 for conveying the workpiece 11 and a loading push block 13 located at the bottom of the loading channel 8. The loading channel 8 includes a first loading baffle 8a and a second loading baffle 8b arranged in parallel, and vertical grooves 81 are respectively provided on the opposite surfaces of the first loading baffle 8a and the second loading baffle 8b, and loading guide rails 82 guiding to the top of the vertical groove 81 are respectively provided on the top of the first loading baffle 8a and the second loading baffle 8b. The two ends of the cylindrical workpiece 11 are respectively placed on the loading guide rails 82 on both sides, and the loading guide rails 82 are arranged in an inclined manner. The workpiece 11 can roll along the loading guide rails 82 into the vertical groove 81, and fall from the vertical groove 81 to one side of the loading push block 13. The first loading baffle 8a is fixedly connected to the frame 15, and the frame 15 is provided with a baffle slide rail 14 that is slidably matched with the second loading baffle 8b. When the second loading baffle 8b slides on the baffle slide rail 14, the distance between the first loading baffle 8a and the second loading baffle 8b changes. The frame 15 is provided with a loading cylinder 12, and the piston rod of the loading cylinder 12 is connected to the loading push block 13. The loading cylinder 12 can drive the loading push block 13 to push the workpiece 11 at the bottom of the loading channel 8 to between the ejector rod 2 and the tool 5.

[0025] Combination Figure 3As shown, a material receiving mechanism is provided on the frame 15, and the material receiving mechanism includes a limit block 4 corresponding to the height of the loading push block 13, the limit block 4 is fixed to the frame 15, and a sliding hole 4a is provided in the limit block 4, and the opening direction of the sliding hole 4a is toward the loading push block 13. A material receiving block 16 is provided in the sliding hole 4a, and the material receiving block 16 is slidably matched with the sliding hole 4a. A material receiving cylinder 3 is provided on the frame 15, and the piston rod of the material receiving cylinder 3 is connected to the material receiving block 16, and the material receiving cylinder 3 drives the material receiving block 16 to move toward the loading push block 13. A V-shaped material receiving groove 16a is provided on the side of the material receiving block 16 facing the loading push block 13, a V-shaped material pushing groove 13a is provided on the side of the loading push block 13 facing the limit block 4, and a V-shaped limit groove 4b is provided on the side of the limit block 4 facing the loading push block 13. As shown Figure 4 As shown, when the material pushing block 13 and the limiting block 4 clamp the workpiece 11, the workpiece 11 is located between the material pushing groove 13a and the limiting groove 4b. The centers of the receiving groove 16a, the material pushing groove 13a and the limiting groove 4b are generally set at the same height. When positioning the workpiece 11, the workpiece 11 is located at the center of the groove. The height position of the workpiece 11 hardly changes during the clamping and moving process, which is conducive to ensuring the smooth transportation of the workpiece 11.

[0026] like Figure 5As shown, the tool 5 includes a front shaft 5c, a rear shaft 5a and a cutter head 5d fixed on the front shaft 5c, the rear shaft 5a is coaxially fixedly connected with the main shaft 6a, and the tool 5 is further provided with a sleeve 5b on the outside of the front shaft 5c and the rear shaft 5a, and a threaded hole 503 is provided at one end of the sleeve 5b close to the main shaft 6a, and the sleeve 5b is fixedly connected with the rear shaft 5a through the threaded hole 503. A sleeve hole 502 is provided at one end of the sleeve 5b away from the main shaft 6a, and the sleeve hole 502 is eccentrically arranged with the main shaft 6a. The front shaft 5c is arranged in the sleeve hole 502, and the front shaft 5c and the sleeve hole 502 are coaxially rotated. In order to ensure the positioning accuracy between the front shaft 5c and the sleeve 5b and reduce the rotation resistance of the two, rolling bearings that match the front shaft 5c are respectively provided at the bottom and the opening of the sleeve hole 502. In this embodiment, a tapered roller bearing 51 is provided at the bottom of the sleeve hole 502, and a ball bearing 53 is provided at the opening of the sleeve hole 502. The front shaft 5c is provided with a thrust bearing 52 between two rolling bearings, and the thrust bearing 52 abuts against the rolling bearings on both sides, so that when the cutter head 5d is subjected to force, the thrust bearing 52 can bear the axial force. A positioning portion 501 is provided in the sleeve hole 502, and the rear shaft 5a abuts against the positioning portion 501. A through hole is provided in the center of the positioning portion 501, and the front shaft 5c passes through the through hole. A retaining ring 54 is provided at the end of the front shaft 5c passing through the through hole. The front shaft 5c and the rear shaft 5a are disconnected, and the torque of the rear shaft 5a will not be transmitted to the front shaft 5c. At the same time, due to the eccentric rotation arrangement of the front shaft 5c and the rear shaft 5a, the main shaft 6a and the rear shaft 5a rotate to drive the front shaft 5c and the cutter head 5d to generate radial vibration. The eccentricity of the front shaft 5c and the rear shaft 5a should be designed according to the size of the inner hexagon. When the size of the inner hexagon is small, the eccentricity is set correspondingly small. When the tool 5 is fed, the vibration amplitude of the cutter head 5d will not be too large to ensure the processing accuracy and protect the cutter head 5d; when the size of the inner hexagon is large, the eccentricity can also be appropriately increased to increase the chip amount of the tool 5.

[0027] In the actual operation process, Figure 2 As shown, the workpieces 11 move one by one along the feeding guide rail 82 of the feeding channel 8 to the vertical groove 81, and move vertically downward along the vertical groove 81 to the side of the pushing groove 13a of the feeding pushing block 13. Figure 3 As shown, the receiving cylinder 3 is started, and the piston rod of the receiving cylinder 3 drives the receiving block 16 to move toward the upper material pushing block 13 until the receiving block 16 contacts the workpiece 11, and the workpiece 11 is positioned in the pushing groove 13a of the upper material pushing block 13 and the receiving groove 16a of the receiving block 16. Figure 4As shown, the piston rod of the loading cylinder 12 is pushed out, and the piston rod of the receiving cylinder 3 is retracted. The loading push block 13 and the receiving block 16 move in the same direction to move the loading push block 13 between the tool 5 and the push rod 2. When the workpiece 11 moves to contact the limit block 4, the workpiece 11 enters the limit groove 4b of the limit block 4, and the piston rod of the loading cylinder 12 applies a force to the loading push block 13, clamping the workpiece 11 between the push groove 13a and the limit groove 4b. After positioning and clamping, the piston rod of the oil cylinder 6b is pushed out to move the spindle box 6, and the tool head 5d of the tool 5 contacts the opening of the prefabricated hole 11a of the workpiece 11. The motor 7 of the spindle box 6 drives the spindle 6a to rotate, and the spindle 6a drives the rear shaft 5a to rotate, and the front shaft 5c and the cutter head 5d are vibrated through the sleeve 5b. The oil cylinder 6b continues to drive the spindle box 6 forward to realize the chip feeding of the cutter head 5d, and the cutter head 5d squeezes the chips to preform the hole 11a to process the hexagon socket. After that, the oil cylinder 6b drives the spindle box 6 to move in the opposite direction to make the cutter head 5d away from the workpiece 11, and the motor 7 stops rotating. At this time, the loading cylinder 12 drives the loading push block 13 to move back, and the processed workpiece 11 falls downward to complete the unloading. At the same time, the workpiece 11 to be processed above moves down to the side of the push slot 13a of the loading push block 13, and the next workpiece 11 can be loaded and the hexagon socket processing operation can be carried out.

Claims

1. A hexagonal punching machine, comprising a frame (15), characterized in that: The frame (15) is provided with a tailstock (1) and a spindle box (6) slidably matched with the frame (15); the spindle box (6) is provided with a rotatable spindle (6a); the tailstock (1) is provided with a push rod (2) for positioning one end of a workpiece; the spindle (6a) is provided with a tool (5) for acting on the other end of the workpiece; the tool (5) comprises a front shaft (5c), a rear shaft (5a) and a tool head (5d) fixed on the front shaft (5c); the rear shaft (5a) and the spindle ( The front shaft (5c) and the rear shaft (5a) are coaxially fixedly connected, the front shaft (5c) and the rear shaft (5a) are eccentrically rotatably arranged, and when the main shaft (6a) and the rear shaft (5a) rotate, the front shaft (5c) and the cutter head (5d) are driven to generate radial vibrations, and the frame (15) is provided with a punching feed unit that drives the main shaft box (6) to slide toward the end of the push rod (2), and the frame (15) is provided with a feeding mechanism, and the feeding mechanism includes a feeding channel (8) for conveying workpieces and a feeding channel ( 8) at the bottom, the frame (15) is provided with a loading cylinder (12) for driving the loading pushing block (13) to push the workpiece at the bottom of the loading channel (8) to between the top rod (2) and the tool (5), the frame (15) is provided with a material receiving mechanism, the material receiving mechanism includes a limit block (4) corresponding to the height of the loading pushing block (13), a sliding hole (4a) is provided in the limit block (4), and a slidably matched material receiving block (16) is provided in the sliding hole (4a). ), the frame (15) is provided with a material receiving cylinder (3) for driving a material receiving block (16) to move in the direction of an upper material pushing block (13), the material receiving block (16) is provided with a V-shaped material receiving groove (16a) on one side facing the upper material pushing block (13), the bottom of the spindle box (6) is provided with a machine head base plate (9), the frame (15) is provided with a machine head slide rail (10), the machine head base plate (9) is slidably connected to the machine head slide rail (10), and the punching feed unit is an oil cylinder (6b).

2. A hexagonal punching machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tool (5) further comprises a shaft sleeve (5b), wherein one end of the shaft sleeve (5b) close to the main shaft (6a) is fixedly connected to the rear shaft (5a), and one end of the shaft sleeve (5b) away from the main shaft (6a) is provided with a shaft sleeve hole (502), wherein the shaft sleeve hole (502) is eccentrically arranged with respect to the main shaft (6a), and the front shaft (5c) is arranged in the shaft sleeve hole (502), and the front shaft (5c) and the shaft sleeve hole (502) are coaxially rotatably matched.

3. A hexagonal punching machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: Rolling bearings matching the front shaft (5c) are respectively provided at the bottom and the opening of the shaft sleeve hole (502); the front shaft (5c) is provided with a thrust bearing (52) between the two rolling bearings; the thrust bearing (52) abuts against the rolling bearings on both sides.

4. A hexagonal punching machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: A positioning portion (501) is provided in the shaft sleeve hole (502), the rear shaft (5a) abuts against the positioning portion (501), a through hole is provided at the center of the positioning portion (501), the front shaft (5c) passes through the through hole, and a retaining ring (54) is provided at the end of the front shaft (5c) passing through the through hole.

5. The hexagonal punching machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding channel (8) comprises a first feeding baffle (8a) and a second feeding baffle (8b) arranged in parallel, vertical grooves (81) are respectively provided on the opposite surfaces of the first feeding baffle (8a) and the second feeding baffle (8b), and feeding guide rails (82) are respectively provided on the tops of the first feeding baffle (8a) and the second feeding baffle (8b) for guiding toward the tops of the vertical grooves (81).

6. A hexagonal punching machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first loading baffle (8a) is fixedly connected to the frame (15), and the frame (15) is provided with a baffle slide rail (14) that slidably cooperates with the second loading baffle (8b), and when the second loading baffle (8b) slides on the baffle slide rail (14), the distance between the first loading baffle (8a) and the second loading baffle (8b) changes.

7. A hexagonal punching machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: A V-shaped pushing groove (13a) is provided on one side of the loading pushing block (13) facing the limiting block (4), and a V-shaped limiting groove (4b) is provided on one side of the limiting block (4) facing the loading pushing block (13); when the loading pushing block (13) and the limiting block (4) clamp the workpiece, the workpiece is located between the pushing groove (13a) and the limiting groove (4b).

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