A method for planting large-leaved radishes and a plant restoration system

Abstract

A method for planting large-leaf Flos Ampelopsis and a plant restoration system, which mainly relate to the fields of plant cultivation and heavy metal restoration. The method achieves the effect of highly efficient restoration of heavy metal lead and zinc contaminated soil in a short period of time by treating soil permeability, pre-cultivating large-leaf Flos Ampelopsis, individual selection and planting and cultivation. The plant restoration system achieves cyclic plant restoration of large-leaf Flos Ampelopsis by stimulating the seedlings on the large-leaf Flos Ampelopsis mother plants after planting and cultivation; by setting detachable and splicable fence bars, the adaptability of the restoration system to working conditions is greatly improved, which facilitates the construction operation of the staff and reduces the cost of large-leaf Flos Ampelopsis in the plant restoration process; by setting a large-leaf Flos Ampelopsis planting device with a reasonable structure and its monitoring system, while monitoring and meeting environmental requirements, large-leaf Flos Ampelopsis seedlings with poor growth ability are eliminated, thereby improving the efficiency and effect of plant restoration.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of plant cultivation and heavy metal environmental conservation and restoration, and in particular to a large-leaf terrestrial rooting planting method and a plant restoration system. Background Art

[0002] Lead and zinc ores are important mineral resources in my country and are widely used in the fields of electrical, mechanical, military, metallurgy, chemical, light industry and pharmaceutical industries. They occupy an important position in non-ferrous metal resources. my country is also a country with large lead and zinc reserves. China ranks first in the world with Australia, Peru, Mexico, the United States and Canada. Lead and zinc resources in my country are widely distributed, spanning 9 provinces. Yunnan, Inner Mongolia, Guangxi, Shaanxi and other places are the main production areas of lead and zinc ores. In recent years, China's domestic non-ferrous metal output and demand for mineral products have grown rapidly, and the consumption of lead and zinc mineral resources has grown rapidly in all fields. The demand for lead and zinc market continues to be strong. The sharp increase in demand and the distribution of mineral resources have created the current development status of lead and zinc mines in my country: lead and zinc resources are rich, but the regional distribution is uneven, and most mines are small and medium-sized mines. At the same time, subject to the influence of various factors, the problem of heavy metal pollution is more prominent. Therefore, the remediation of soil contaminated by heavy metals lead and zinc is of great significance.

[0003] Heavy metal pollution control is a global problem faced by the world. From the mining of various mineral resources to the current heavy metal pollution control, technical methods for dealing with pollution have also been developed, among which physical and chemical methods are the most common, including soil replacement and soil turning method, thermal desorption, steam extraction, leaching method, electric remediation method, etc. At present, organic matter remediation that has been applied includes benzene, polychlorinated biphenyls, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, etc. However, physical remediation methods have certain limitations and disadvantages. For example, soil replacement and soil turning method is suitable for remediating pollution in a smaller area, and it will directly change the soil structure, with high cost, large workload and the possibility of secondary pollution to the soil; pyrolysis method is less harmful to the soil than other methods, but my country's technology in this area is not mature enough and cannot achieve high utilization rate; leaching method can effectively treat pollution for large areas of soil, but after leaching, it will also reduce soil fertility and affect soil output quality. In addition to physical and chemical remediation methods, there is also bioremediation technology, which includes plant remediation, animal remediation technology and microbial remediation. Animal remediation and microbial remediation mainly rely on the dependence of animals and microorganisms on the environment and related reactions. Through the sensitivity of animals to environmental changes, they can detect environmental changes in a timely manner, and heavy metals in the soil can be absorbed by animals. For example, earthworms are often used for heavy metal soil remediation. Earthworms are used to absorb heavy metals and can be combined with reagents and plants to improve the soil heavy metal remediation rate.

[0004] A large number of studies have shown that phytoremediation technology mainly studies the characteristics of plants, cultivates plants in areas that need to be repaired, absorbs and transforms heavy metals as plants grow, and can be repaired with the help of microorganisms and plants to optimize the repair efficiency. The main repair classification of phytoremediation methods can be divided into plant volatilization, plant stabilization and plant extraction methods. They have obvious advantages and little impact on the soil, but the existing phytoremediation also has shortcomings: plant growth is limited, the size of individual plants is basically fixed, and the amount of heavy metal pollution that can be absorbed is limited; the ability to adsorb pollution is limited by its own characteristics, and many hyperaccumulators are wild plants, which are difficult to cultivate and small in size, affecting the adsorption capacity; the environment required for plant growth is insufficient in the mine soil, the soil is poor, and the branches, leaves and flowers of the plants will inevitably fall and be damaged during growth, and the pollution adsorbed in the body will return to the soil without being treated; plant growth takes time, resulting in a long repair cycle. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for planting large-leaf bromeliads, which can be used to promote large-leaf bromeliad varieties on a large scale, while maintaining the large-leaf bromeliad production at a high level, and achieve the effect of repairing heavy metal lead and zinc soil in a short period of time.

[0006] Another object of the present invention is to provide a plant remediation system, which has a high effect on the modification of heavy metal soil pollution, especially for lead and zinc remediation, with the advantages of short remediation cycle and small promotion area restriction.

[0007] The present invention solves the technical problem by adopting the following technical solutions.

[0008] The present invention provides a method for planting large-leaf arborvitae, which comprises the following steps:

[0009] Select containers, treat soil permeability, and set different concentration gradients of lead and zinc activation;

[0010] Using the large-leaved radiata as the experimental carrier, preliminary cultivation and individual selection were carried out to obtain the experimental subjects;

[0011] The experimental subjects are planted and cultivated.

[0012] The present invention provides a plant restoration system, which is applied to mine reclamation and heavy metal pollution control in mine parks. The plant restoration system comprises the above-mentioned method for planting large-leaf Flos Australis and performing natural environmental stimulation or artificial stimulation on the seedlings on the large-leaf Flos Australis mother plants after planting and cultivation, so that after the seedlings on the large-leaf Flos Australis mother plants fall to the corresponding soil below, the new seedlings can continue to take root and grow, thereby realizing the cyclic plant restoration of large-leaf Flos Australis;

[0013] The above-mentioned plant restoration system also includes a large-leaf bromeliad rooting planting device, which includes a device body, fence bars, connecting parts and a base. The device body is a rectangular parallelepiped with unclosed sides; the fence bars are detachably connected to the four sides of the device body through connecting parts, and the base is connected to the bottom of the device body; a monitoring system is also provided inside the device body for real-time measurement of environmental factors for the growth of large-leaf bromeliad roots.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the environmental factors include soil temperature, soil salinity, soil dissolved oxygen, soil pH, soil humidity and light intensity; the monitoring system includes a plurality of temperature sensors arranged in parallel, a plurality of salinity sensors arranged in parallel, a plurality of dissolved oxygen sensors arranged in parallel, a plurality of pH sensors arranged in parallel, a plurality of humidity sensors arranged in parallel, a plurality of light intensity sensors arranged in parallel, and a single-chip microcomputer and an early warning unit for information processing, each temperature sensor, each salinity sensor, each dissolved oxygen sensor, each pH sensor, each humidity sensor and each light intensity sensor are communicatively connected to the information input terminal of the single-chip microcomputer, and the early warning unit is communicatively connected to the information output terminal of the single-chip microcomputer.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned fence bar connecting parts are composed of a detachable splicing method; the device body, fence bars and connecting parts are all made of PVC plastic; the top of the device body is also movably connected to a cover, the cover is in a half-open state, and the cover is made of transparent glass material; the cover is provided with holes with adjustable aperture size.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the base is a stainless steel wire mesh, and the size of the base is 1m*0.5m; correspondingly, the size of the device body is 1m long, 0.5m wide, and 0.6m high; an overflow outlet is provided at the bottom of the device body to prevent excessive soil moisture.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned multiple temperature sensors, multiple salinity sensors, multiple dissolved oxygen sensors, multiple pH sensors, multiple humidity sensors and multiple light intensity sensors are evenly arranged in an array in space; the monitoring system also includes multiple displacement sensors arranged in parallel, multiple chlorophyll sensors arranged in parallel and multiple plant fill lights arranged in parallel, each displacement sensor, each chlorophyll sensor and each plant fill light are communicatively connected to the information input terminal of the single-chip microcomputer, and the early warning unit is communicatively electrically connected to each plant fill light.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the planting method and plant restoration system of the embodiments of the present invention are as follows: the planting method of the large-leaf radish can realize the large-leaf radish variety promotion on a large area by treating the soil permeability, pre-cultivating the large-leaf radish and selecting the individuals to obtain the experimental body, and then planting and cultivating the experimental body, so as to achieve the effect of repairing the heavy metal lead and zinc soil in a short period of time while maintaining the large-leaf radish production at a high level; the plant restoration system achieves the cyclic plant restoration effect of the large-leaf radish by stimulating the seedlings on the large-leaf radish mother plant after planting and cultivation, so that they fall into the soil and then grow again; by setting up detachable fence bars, the adaptability of the device to working conditions is greatly improved, which not only facilitates the construction operation of the staff, but also reduces the maintenance and replacement costs, thereby reducing the overall cost of the large-leaf radish in the plant restoration process; by setting up a monitoring system to eliminate the large-leaf radish seedlings with poor growth ability, the effect of survival of the fittest can be achieved, thereby improving the efficiency and effect of plant restoration. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 This is the enrichment of lead in the leaves of the large-leaf bromeliad rooting plants at different growth stages of the test examples of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is the enrichment of lead in the roots of the large-leaved bromeliad at different growth stages of the test example of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is the enrichment of zinc in the leaves of the large-leaf bromeliad rooting plants at different growth stages of the test examples of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 This is the enrichment of zinc in the roots of the large-leaved bromeliad at different growth stages of the test examples of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 The change trend of lead content in the soil of the test example of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 The variation trend of zinc content in the soil of the test example of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of a large-leaf rooting planting device provided by an embodiment of the present invention from a first viewing angle;

[0027] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the side elevation structure of the large-leaf rooting planting device provided by an embodiment of the present invention at a first viewing angle;

[0028] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of a top view of the covering structure corresponding to the large-leaf terrestrial rooting planting device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Icons: 100-large-leaf fennel planting device; 120-device body; 122-fence bar; 124-connector; 126-cover; 140-base; 142-overflow outlet; 160-monitoring system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the present invention clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. If the specific conditions are not specified in the embodiment, they are carried out according to the conventional conditions or the conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used without indicating the manufacturer are all conventional products that can be purchased commercially. It should also be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, it can also be a detachable connection, or it can be connected in one piece; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected, it can also be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication of two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0031] First, the inventor briefly describes the growth characteristics of the large-leaf bromeliad in the embodiment of the present invention: 1. The large-leaf bromeliad grows slowly in summer and winter, and grows rapidly in spring and autumn, especially in an environment with a large temperature difference and high air flow; 2. During the growth period, the leaves of the large-leaf bromeliad plants are mainly green during the flowering period. When encountering a large temperature difference, irregular fish-scale-like red markings are formed around the leaves, and light gray-green with reddish brown upright stems are formed. In the mature stage, the leaves of the large-leaf bromeliad plants are reddish brown during the flowering period, the leaf shape is good, and the flowers are not easy to fall off after withering on the plant, and remain on the plant. 3. The growth of large-leaf bromeliad is relatively slow in poor soil conditions. The height of the plant's rhizome is related to the fertility of the soil. For example, when it is under relatively dry conditions, it can grow seedlings with 2 to 4 true leaves in the middle of the serrations near the back of the leaf. The seedlings are evenly distributed on the edge of the back of the leaves. The well-developed seedlings grow more leaves and fall off with a light touch. The seedlings that fall into the soil take root and grow by themselves. They have a strong ability to enrich heavy metals, which is the best way to develop into new plant individuals. This is also the origin of the name of large-leaf bromeliad.

[0032] Specifically, the large-leaf bromeliad rooting planting method and the plant restoration system according to the embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below.

[0033] The embodiment of the present invention provides a method for planting large-leaf arborvitae, which comprises the following steps:

[0034] (1) Selecting containers, treating soil permeability, and setting lead and zinc activation with different concentration gradients. It should be noted that, considering the size of the container and the ratio of soil quantification, as well as the convenience and scalability during operation, the container provided in the embodiment of the present invention can be selected as a plastic flower pot. Specifically, the selected plastic flower pot is mainly used to place the selected large-leafed lycopodii for subsequent operation. The diameter is 21.7 cm, the height is 15 cm, and the capacity is 4.3 L. There are 7 plastic flower pots in total, and 15 large-leafed lycopodii seedlings are planted in each plastic flower pot. The experiment in the embodiment is divided into three groups, of which 3 pots are lead pollution experiments, 3 pots are zinc pollution experiments, and 1 pot is a blank control group. The environmental factors are artificially controlled to reduce the influence of external factors in the experiment. It should be emphasized that the experimental group setting provided in the embodiment of the present invention is mainly to facilitate the elaboration of the technical solution of the present invention. In other embodiments, it is not limited to the experimental group setting of the present invention, and it is not limited to the excellent creativity of the scheme in an experimental manner. It can also be directly promoted and applied on the actual industrial site.

[0035] Furthermore, the above-mentioned lead-zinc activation with different gradient concentrations includes: setting three gradient concentrations, wherein the lead concentrations are 150 mg / kg, 200 mg / kg, and 250 mg / kg, respectively, and the corresponding zinc concentrations are 50 mg / kg, 100 mg / kg, and 150 mg / kg, respectively, and the blank control group is not subjected to pollution treatment.

[0036] In addition, it should be noted that the above-mentioned treatment of soil permeability is mainly for the layout of experimental soil, in order to enhance the permeability of the soil and ensure the normal growth of plants. Specifically, the treatment of soil permeability includes: laying pebbles at the bottom of the plastic flower pot to enhance the permeability while preventing a large amount of water from accumulating at the bottom of the pot, covering the top of the pebbles with soil, forming an upper part with experimental soil and a lower part with functional pebbles; wherein the particle size of the pebbles is 1-2 cm, and 2 kg of soil is selected for each plastic flower pot.

[0037] (2) Using the large-leafed rooting plant as the experimental carrier, preliminary cultivation and individual selection were carried out to obtain experimental subjects.

[0038] Further, the preliminary culture includes: preliminary culture by propagating large-leaf radiata seedlings; individual selection includes: performing two individual selections on large-leaf radiata at different culture periods during the preliminary culture process. Specifically, seedlings are firstly taken from the leaf surface of mature plants for the first stage of culture, and a second selection is performed when the seedlings are rooted and developed into seedlings with distinguishable stems, leaves, and roots, and large-leaf radiata seedlings with good growth, no damaged branches and leaves, and basically the same individual size are selected for transplantation culture.

[0039] (3) Planting and cultivating the experimental subjects.

[0040] Furthermore, after the soil was covered with pebbles, the selected large-leafed and rooted experimental bodies were transplanted into corresponding plastic pots and continued to be cultured for rooting and consolidation to adapt the experimental bodies to the new soil environment; after the experimental bodies adapted to the new soil environment, they were polluted by preparing 1000 μg / mL lead and zinc single element standard solution, sprayed with a shower, and other variables (such as light and water) were kept consistent. It should be noted that the growth indicators of the experimental bodies include: a total of 6 leaves, including 4 young leaves and 2 buds; plant height 1.5 (± 0.2) cm; leaf length 1.5 (± 0.2) cm; leaf width 1 (± 0.2) cm; root length 1 (± 0.2) cm.

[0041] More specifically, the planting and cultivation process includes: using the cutting method and the method of cultivating seedlings growing on the back of the leaves of the experimental body to cultivate and propagate new plants with large leaves and terrestrial roots; wherein the cutting method includes the leaf cutting method and the stem cutting method; 15 large leaf terrestrial rooting seedlings are planted in each plastic flowerpot.

[0042] The embodiment of the present invention also provides a plant restoration system, which is used for heavy metal pollution control, especially for lead and zinc soil pollution restoration and control in mine reclamation and mine parks. It should be noted that the plant restoration system includes the above-mentioned large-leaf bromeliad planting method, and on the basis of the large-leaf bromeliad planting method provided in this embodiment, it also includes natural environmental stimulation or artificial stimulation of the seedlings on the large-leaf bromeliad mother plant after planting and cultivation, so that they fall to the corresponding soil below, so that the new seedlings continue to take root and grow, achieving a cyclic plant restoration effect, which is not only conducive to further enhancing the large-leaf bromeliad restoration effect per unit area, but also conducive to reducing the overall restoration cost, and therefore has important engineering application promotion value.

[0043] The features and performance of the present invention are further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0044] Example

[0045] 1. Container selection. The container is a plastic flower pot. The selected large-leaf bromeliads are placed in the flower pot for subsequent operations. A total of 7 plastic flower pots with a diameter of 21.7 cm, a height of 15 cm, and a capacity of 4.3 L are selected. 15 large-leaf bromeliads seedlings are planted in each flower pot.

[0046] 2. Soil layout. In order to enhance the permeability of the soil and ensure the normal growth of the plants, the soil is laid out accordingly: a layer of pebbles with a particle size of 1 to 2 cm is laid at the bottom of the flowerpot to enhance permeability while preventing a large amount of water from accumulating at the bottom of the pot. 2 kg of soil is selected for each flowerpot and covered on the bottom pebbles, forming an upper part with experimental soil and a lower part with functional pebbles. After the soil transfer is completed, the selected large-leaf rooting experimental seedlings are transplanted into the flowerpots to continue the rooting and consolidation cultivation, while allowing the large-leaf rooting to adapt to the new soil environment.

[0047] 3. Selection of experimental subjects. The early stage of cultivation was carried out by propagation of large-leafed rooted seedlings. Two experimental individual selections were carried out. First, seedlings were taken from the leaves of mature plants for the first stage of cultivation. When the roots developed into seedlings that could distinguish stems, leaves, and roots, a second selection was carried out. Large-leafed rooted seedlings with good growth, no damaged branches and leaves, and basically the same individual size were selected for transplantation and cultivation. Among them, the growth indicators of the experimental subjects included: a total of 6 leaves, including 4 young leaves and 2 tender leaves; plant height 1.5 (± 0.1) cm; leaf length 1.5 (± 0.1) cm; leaf width 1 (± 0.1) cm; root length 1 (± 0.1) cm.

[0048] 4. Planting and cultivation. Use leaf cuttings and stem cuttings, as well as the method of cultivating seedlings growing on the back of the leaves of the experimental body to cultivate and propagate new plants with large leaves and roots.

[0049] Test example

[0050] In order to verify and prove the restoration effect of the large-leafed arborvitae rooting planting method proposed in the embodiment of the present invention, experiments and effect measurement and analysis are hereby carried out, as follows:

[0051] Scheme setting: The heavy metal content in soil, the heavy metal content in large-leaf radishes, and the growth status of large-leaf radishes were selected as the main test indicators for measurement. The large-leaf radishes were transplanted into potted plants, and a concentration gradient was set. The large-leaf radishes were divided into five stages: seedling stage, growth and development stage (including growth and development stage 1, including growth and development stage 2, including growth and development stage 3), and maturity stage for sampling and analysis. At the same time, the plant extraction efficiency was calculated, and finally a conclusion was given to evaluate the restoration effect.

[0052] Specifically, the lead concentration was set to 150mg / kg, 200mg / kg, 250mg / kg and the zinc concentration was set to 50 mg / kg, 100mg / kg, 150mg / kg for the experiment; the blank group was not polluted. After the large-leafed rooting seedlings adapted to the experimental soil environment, the pollution was prepared by 1000μg / ml lead and zinc single element standard solution, and sprayed with a shower. All experimental flower pots were placed in the laboratory for pollution adsorption experiments, and the environmental factors such as light and water were kept consistent. In case of heavy rainfall, they were promptly returned to the room to avoid excessive rainfall from washing the soil and reducing the soil pollution concentration, which would affect the accuracy of the experiment. In hot, rapid and heavy rainfall, high temperature and dry weather, the soil was properly watered. After the diffusion of the polluted solution was stable, the large-leafed rooting and soil were sampled and tested for relevant indicators according to the five growth stages divided, and data analysis was performed.

[0053] Detection method: The method for detecting the enrichment concentration of lead and zinc heavy metals in large-leaf radiata plants and the determination of the transformation of lead and zinc heavy metals between soil and plants were both carried out using an X-ray fluorescence heavy metal analyzer.

[0054] Sample processing: After the pollution was placed and the pollution diffusion was stabilized, the sampling of large-leaf Bryophyllum and soil began. The large-leaf Bryophyllum can be directly pulled out of the experimental flowerpot gently, retaining the complete root system, cleaning the soil and other residues remaining on the surface of the plant body, and then washing it twice with distilled water to obtain clean large-leaf Bryophyllum without other residues on the surface. This treatment effectively avoided the influence of residual soil on the enrichment concentration of large-leaf Bryophyllum. The washed large-leaf Bryophyllum was divided into leaves and roots. Scissors were used to cut the divided roots and leaves into small pieces for drying. First, a clean beaker was used as a container to put it in an oven for half an hour of fixing operation at 105°C, and then the fixing plant sample was dried in an oven at 85°C until the moisture disappeared completely. The dried plant sample was ground with a mortar, and finally the powder was passed through a 100-mesh sieve. The sieved sample was stored in a sealed bag as a sample to be tested. The soil sample was also sampled, dried, ground, sieved, and stored for testing.

[0055] More specifically, the following is a detailed description with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0056] According to the growth characteristics and morphological features of the large-leaf bryophyllum, the lead and zinc enrichment concentrations of the leaves and roots of the large-leaf bryophyllum were measured by sampling at the seedling stage, growth and development stage (the growth and development stage is divided into three growth and development stages because the growth and development stage lasts from April to September and lasts for a long time), and maturity stage.

[0057] It can be found that Figures 1 to 4As shown in the figure, under the set concentration gradient, the leaves and roots of the large-leafed radish have the ability to enrich lead and zinc pollution. The maximum enrichment concentration of the leaves can reach 24.61mg / kg and 143.2mg / kg, and the maximum enrichment concentration of the roots is 118.1mg / kg and 113.9mg / kg. The enrichment capacity of lead and zinc heavy metal pollution shows an increasing trend with the growth stage. The enrichment capacity of the leaf part for zinc is much greater than that for lead, and the enrichment amount of the root is basically the same. Affected by the set concentration, the enrichment ratio of lead is less than that of zinc. In general, the large-leafed radish has a significant enrichment effect on lead and zinc, and has a certain enrichment capacity.

[0058] The biomass of the large-leafed radishes was compared in Table 1, Table 2 and Table 3. The growth index of the three groups of large-leafed radishes in the seedling period was 2 (± 0.5) g, and significant differences began to appear in the second growth and development period. The fresh weight of the large-leafed radishes under lead and zinc pollution was 20.21 g and 25.99 g, which were 1.16 times and 1.5 times of the blank group, respectively. The fresh weight of the lead and zinc pollution and blank groups in the mature period was 75.78 g, 83.03 g, and 63.11 g, respectively. The fresh weight of the plants under lead and zinc pollution was 1.2 times and 1.32 times that of the blank group. This shows that the large-leafed radishes under low concentrations of lead and zinc pollution grow faster than the blank group, and the final growth index at maturity is also significantly greater than that of the blank group. Regarding the growth damage: Under the lead and zinc heavy metal pollution, the large-leafed radishes in the seedling period were slightly damaged, and there was no obvious damage during the growth period and maturity period.

[0059] Table 1 Rooting growth indexes of large-leaved radishes under lead pollution

[0060]

[0061] Table 2 Growth indexes of large-leafed rooting plants under zinc pollution

[0062]

[0063]

[0064] Table 3 Blank group large leaf rooting growth index

[0065]

[0066] The heavy metal content in the soil was determined and analyzed before and after the experiment (see Figure 5 , Figure 6), the changes in the content of lead and zinc in the soil taken during the five corresponding periods of the seedling period, growth period 1, growth period 2, growth period 3, and maturity period: the lead content is 191.17mg / kg, 175.37mg / kg, 161.03mg / kg, 135.91mg / kg, and 117.98mg / kg; the zinc content is 103.90mg / kg, 91.92mg / kg, 75.77mg / kg, 67.07mg / kg, and 54.64mg / kg. The content of lead and zinc in the soil showed a downward trend, and the large-leafed rooting plant had the ability to repair soil contaminated with low concentrations of lead and zinc.

[0067] In addition, please refer to Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Fig. 9 The plant restoration system provided by the embodiment of the present invention also includes a large-leaf bromeliad rooting planting device 100 that matches the above-mentioned large-leaf bromeliad rooting planting method. This device is used to implement the above-mentioned large-leaf bromeliad rooting planting method. Specifically, the large-leaf bromeliad rooting planting device 100 includes a device body 120, fence bars 122, connecting pieces 124 and a base 140, wherein the device body 120 is a rectangular parallelepiped with unclosed sides, the fence bars 122 are detachably connected to the four sides of the device body 120 through the connecting pieces 124, and the base 140 is connected to the bottom of the device body 120. It should be noted that the fence bars 122 and the connectors 124 are composed of a detachable splicing method, so that the staff can flexibly adjust the combination of the fence bars 122 according to the actual working conditions for the size of the planting device, thereby adjusting the distribution of the connectors 124 on the device body 120. It can be seen that the detachable splicing method between the fence bars 122 and the connectors 124 makes the large-leaf rooting planting device 100 highly applicable to working conditions, flexible to assemble, and low in cost. In addition, the fence bars 122 and the connectors 124 can be replaced at will when damaged, thereby extending the service life. Specifically, in this embodiment, the connection between the fence bars 122 and the connectors 124 can be a snap-on or bolted connection. Of course, in other embodiments, it is not limited to the detachable connection method provided in this embodiment, as long as a flexible and firm connection effect can be achieved.

[0068] Furthermore, the device body 120 provided in this embodiment is also provided with a monitoring system 160 for real-time measurement of environmental factors for the growth of large-leaved ground roots. Specifically, the environmental factors include soil temperature, soil salinity, soil dissolved oxygen, soil pH, soil humidity and light intensity; the monitoring system 160 includes a plurality of temperature sensors arranged in parallel, a plurality of salinity sensors arranged in parallel, a plurality of dissolved oxygen sensors arranged in parallel, a plurality of pH sensors arranged in parallel, a plurality of humidity sensors arranged in parallel, a plurality of light intensity sensors arranged in parallel, and a single-chip microcomputer and an early warning unit for information processing, each temperature sensor, each salinity sensor, each dissolved oxygen sensor, each pH sensor, each humidity sensor and each light intensity sensor are communicatively connected to the information input terminal of the single-chip microcomputer, and the early warning unit is communicatively connected to the information output terminal of the single-chip microcomputer. It should be noted that by setting up the monitoring system 160, the growth index of the experimental body in the device body 120 can be quickly measured, and the growth environment data of the plants in the current device body 120 can be collected in real time to the single-chip microcomputer. The single-chip microcomputer compares one or more data values ​​of the large-leaf rooting culture data in different periods and forms a linkage with the early warning unit to realize the early warning function, thereby eliminating the large-leaf rooting seedlings with poor growth ability, so as to achieve the effect of survival of the fittest. It should be emphasized that the above-mentioned communication connection can be a communication wireless connection, such as a Bluetooth wireless connection, or a communication electrical connection. The specific communication connection method can be flexibly configured according to the needs of the working conditions; and in other embodiments of the present invention, it is not limited to a single-chip microcomputer, which is a device with data reception and processing and analysis, but can also be a device such as a computer or a mobile phone.

[0069] Preferably, in this embodiment, multiple temperature sensors, multiple salinity sensors, multiple dissolved oxygen sensors, multiple pH sensors, multiple humidity sensors, and multiple light intensity sensors are evenly arranged in an array in space. It should be noted that various sensors that need to measure the soil environment are set in the soil, and those that need to measure the environment above the soil of the plant are set on the upper edge of the device body 120; by evenly arranging various sensors in an array in space, the monitoring system 160 can obtain accurate and comprehensive data on environmental factors, which is conducive to further optimizing the monitoring system 160's high-quality cultivation effect on large-leaf rooting.

[0070] Further preferably, the monitoring system 160 also includes a plurality of parallel displacement sensors, a plurality of parallel chlorophyll sensors and a plurality of parallel plant fill-in lights arranged on the upper edge of the device body 120, each displacement sensor, each chlorophyll sensor and each plant fill-in light are communicatively connected to the information input end of the single-chip computer, and the early warning unit is electrically connected to each plant fill-in light to control the plant fill-in light to maintain a suitable fill-in light intensity and a suitable spectrum type. It should be noted that the setting of the displacement sensor can monitor the size of the large-leafed radiata in real time, so as to make timely feedback on its growth rate and growth ability; the setting of the chlorophyll sensor can monitor the chlorophyll content of the large-leafed radiata in real time, and then feedback the growth environment and growth characteristics of the plant, such as when the temperature difference is large and the light is strong, the large-leafed radiata will turn red; the setting of the plant fill-in light is to use fill-in lights with different spectra to fill in the large-leafed radiata in different environments, so as to promote the growth of the large-leafed radiata.

[0071] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the top of the device body 120 is also movably connected to a cover 126, and the cover 126 is in a half-open state, that is, the side corresponding to the cover 126 is hollow. Preferably, a hole with an adjustable aperture size is provided on the top of the cover 126, and the cover 126 is made of transparent glass. It should be noted that by providing a transparent cover 126 made of glass material, it can help the staff to observe the color and growth cycle of the large-leaf terrestrial plants; by providing a half-open cover 126, the ventilation and sunlight requirements of the large-leaf terrestrial plants in the device body 120 can be well met; by providing holes with adjustable aperture size on the cover 126, the amount of water entering the device body 120 can be reasonably adjusted on rainy days and during watering, thereby ensuring the reasonable moisture requirements of the large-leaf terrestrial plants in the device body 120. It should be emphasized that, specifically, the holes on the cover 126 are multiple holes linearly and equidistantly arranged along the length direction of the cover 126, and the multiple holes are adjusted by moving the regulating valve plate set on the cover 126 in the plane of the upper surface of the cover 126 to adjust the actual flow size corresponding to the aperture.

[0072] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the device body 120, fence bars 122 and connectors 124 are all made of PVC plastic. It should be noted that by using PVC plastic to make the device body 120, fence bars 122 and connectors 124, on the one hand, the material cost can be greatly reduced, and more importantly, the overall structure can be kept light while maintaining the strength and toughness of the material, so that the device can be easily moved and assembled.

[0073] Furthermore, in order to ensure a reasonable floor space for the device and to facilitate transportation and operation, the size of the base 140 provided in this embodiment is 1m*0.5m, and correspondingly, the size of the device body 120 is 1m long, 0.5m wide, and 0.6m high. It should be noted that since the base 140 is located at the bottom of the device body 120, most of the moisture inside the device body 120 is easily accumulated at the bottom to cause corrosion to the base 140. Therefore, the base 140 in this embodiment adopts a stainless steel wire mesh. It should be emphasized that the use of a stainless steel wire mesh is not only beneficial to the corrosion protection of the base 140, but also because the density of the stainless steel material itself is greater than that of PVC plastic, so the stainless steel wire mesh is used as the base 140, which can lower the center of gravity of the planting device as a whole, making the overall structure of the device more stable.

[0074] Furthermore, the present embodiment provides that the bottom of the device body 120 is provided with an overflow port 142. It should be noted that the overflow port 142 is provided to prevent excessive water during watering and fertilization, and facilitate water discharge, thereby ensuring that the soil moisture of the large-leafed arborvitae plant in the device body 120 is appropriate and reasonable.

[0075] It should be emphasized that when using the above-mentioned large-leaf bromeliad planting device 100 for large-leaf bromeliad planting, first, the bottom of the device body 120 is covered with pebbles, and then the screened soil is covered into the device body 120 by mechanical or manual methods, and finally the selected large-leaf bromeliad experimental body is transplanted into the device body 120.

[0076] In summary, the planting method and plant restoration system of the embodiment of the present invention can realize the large-leaf brooding variety promotion on a large area by treating the soil permeability, pre-cultivating and individually selecting the large-leaf brooding to obtain experimental subjects, and then planting and cultivating the experimental subjects. It can achieve the effect of repairing the heavy metal lead and zinc soil in a short period of time while maintaining the large-leaf brooding production at a high level; the plant restoration system achieves the cyclic plant restoration effect of the large-leaf brooding by stimulating the seedlings on the large-leaf brooding mother plants after planting and cultivation, so that they fall into the soil and then grow again; by setting detachable fence bars, the adaptability of the device to working conditions is greatly improved, which not only facilitates the construction operation of the staff, but also reduces the maintenance and replacement costs, thereby reducing the large-leaf brooding in plant restoration as a whole. The cost in the restoration process is reduced; by setting up a monitoring system to eliminate the large-leaf bromeliad seedlings with poor growth ability, the effect of survival of the fittest can be achieved, thereby improving the efficiency and effect of plant restoration; by setting a semi-open cover with holes and made of transparent glass material, it is convenient for staff to observe the growth characteristics of the plants, while also meeting the reasonable requirements of large-leaf bromeliad plants for air permeability, light conditions and moisture conditions in different environments; through the reasonable material and structural design of the device body and the base, the overall structural stability and mobility of the large-leaf bromeliad planting device provided in this embodiment are more balanced, and the service life is also longer; by setting an overflow port, it is further ensured that the soil moisture in the device is within an appropriate and reasonable range.

[0077] The embodiments described above are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. The detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A phytoremediation system, characterized in that: The plant restoration system is applied to mine reclamation and heavy metal pollution control in mine parks. The plant restoration system includes a method for planting large-leaf Floating Roots and performing natural environmental stimulation or artificial stimulation on seedlings on large-leaf Floating Roots mother plants after planting and cultivation, so that after the seedlings on the large-leaf Floating Roots mother plants fall into the corresponding soil below, the seedlings can continue to take root and grow, thereby realizing the cyclic plant restoration of large-leaf Floating Roots; The method for planting the large-leaf bromeliad comprises the following steps: selecting a container, treating the water permeability of the soil, and setting different gradient concentrations of lead and zinc for activation; using the large-leaf bromeliad as an experimental carrier for preliminary cultivation and individual selection to obtain an experimental body; and planting and cultivating the experimental body; The lead-zinc activation with different gradient concentrations includes: setting three gradient concentrations, wherein the lead concentrations are 150 mg / kg, 200 mg / kg, and 250 mg / kg, respectively, and the corresponding zinc concentrations are 50 mg / kg, 100 mg / kg, and 150 mg / kg, respectively, and setting a blank control group, wherein the blank control group is not subjected to pollution treatment; the preliminary cultivation includes: preliminary cultivation is carried out by propagating large-leaf dahlia seedlings; the individual selection includes: performing two individual selections on large-leaf dahlia at different cultivation periods during the preliminary cultivation process; the planting and cultivation process includes: using a cutting method and a method of cultivating seedlings growing on the back of the leaves of the experimental body to cultivate and propagate new large-leaf dahlia plants; wherein the cutting method includes a leaf cutting method and a stem cutting method; The treatment of soil permeability includes: laying pebbles at the bottom of the container, and covering the soil on top of the pebbles; the particle size of the pebbles is 1-2 cm, and 2 kg of the soil is selected for each container; 15 large-leafed rooted seedlings are planted in each container; the growth indicators of the experimental body include: a total of 6 leaves, of which 4 are young leaves and 2 are tender buds; plant height is 1.5 (±0.2) cm; leaf length is 1.5 (±0.2) cm; leaf width is 1 (±0.2) cm; root length is 1 (±0.2) cm; After the soil covers the pebbles, the selected large-leafed and rooted experimental subjects are transplanted into the container, and the rooting and root consolidation culture is continued to make the experimental subjects adapt to the new soil environment; after the experimental subjects adapt to the new soil environment, the 1000 μg / mL lead and zinc single element standard solution is prepared for pollution, sprayed with a shower, and other variables are controlled to be consistent, and the other variables include light and water; The plant restoration system also includes a large-leaf bromeliad rooting planting device, which includes a device body, fence bars, connecting pieces and a base. The device body is a rectangular parallelepiped with open sides; the fence bars are detachably connected to the sides of the device body through the connecting pieces, and the base is connected to the bottom of the device body; The device body is also provided with a monitoring system for real-time measurement of environmental factors for the growth of large-leaved bromeliad roots; the environmental factors include soil temperature, soil salinity, soil dissolved oxygen, soil pH, soil humidity and light intensity; the monitoring system includes a plurality of temperature sensors arranged in parallel, a plurality of salinity sensors arranged in parallel, a plurality of dissolved oxygen sensors arranged in parallel, a plurality of pH sensors arranged in parallel, a plurality of humidity sensors arranged in parallel, a plurality of light intensity sensors arranged in parallel, and a single-chip microcomputer and an early warning unit for information processing, each of the temperature sensors, each of the salinity sensors, each of the dissolved oxygen sensors, each of the pH sensors, each of the humidity sensors and each of the light intensity sensors are communicatively connected to the information input end of the single-chip microcomputer, and the early warning unit is communicatively connected to the information output end of the single-chip microcomputer.

2. The phytoremediation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fence bars and the connecting pieces are assembled in a detachable manner; the device body, the fence bars and the connecting pieces are all made of PVC plastic; The top of the device body is also movably connected with a cover, the cover is in a half-open state, and the cover is made of transparent glass material; the cover is provided with a hole with an adjustable aperture size.

3. The phytoremediation system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The base is a stainless steel wire mesh, and the size of the base is 1m*0.5m; correspondingly, the size of the device body is 1m long, 0.5m wide, and 0.6m high; The bottom of the device body is provided with an overflow port to prevent excessive soil moisture.

4. The phytoremediation system according to claim 3, characterized in that: A plurality of the temperature sensors, a plurality of the salinity sensors, a plurality of the dissolved oxygen sensors, a plurality of the pH sensors, a plurality of the humidity sensors, and a plurality of the light intensity sensors are uniformly arranged in an array in space; The monitoring system also includes a plurality of displacement sensors arranged in parallel, a plurality of chlorophyll sensors arranged in parallel, and a plurality of plant fill lights arranged in parallel. Each of the displacement sensors, each chlorophyll sensor, and each of the plant fill lights are communicatively connected to the information input terminal of the single-chip microcomputer, and the early warning unit is electrically communicatively connected to each of the plant fill lights.

Images