Roadheader Loading Device

Abstract

The present invention discloses a loading device for a roadheader, comprising: a loading shovel having an open front, a frame body connecting ear seat and a shovel cylinder connecting ear seat arranged at the rear; a sliding material receiving device that can slide forward and backward is arranged at the side of the loading shovel, and the sliding material receiving device comprises a slide rail, a baffle and a baffle telescopic cylinder, the baffle telescopic cylinder is arranged between the baffle and the loading shovel, the slide rail is arranged on the side of the loading shovel, the baffle is slidably connected to the slide rail, and when the baffle slides out of the slide rail, the baffle gradually approaches the bottom surface of the loading shovel and widens the loading width. The loading device can flexibly adjust the loading width according to the change of the lane width at the construction site, has high loading efficiency and fast construction speed, and will not affect the cutting bottom plate of the roadheader drum, can avoid the force damage caused by the bottom support of the loading shovel, and has high reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel boring machines, and in particular to a loading device arranged at the front part of a frame body of a tunnel boring machine. Background Art

[0002] The loading device of the cantilever longitudinal axis tunnel boring machine is mainly composed of a loading shovel, a rake star wheel, and a cylinder for controlling the lifting of the loading shovel. It is an important component of the tunnel boring machine. One of its functions is to load materials, shovel the bottom, and clean the tunnel floor. Second, when the tunnel boring machine is stuck in the mud and cannot move, the huge force of the shovel lifting cylinder is transmitted to the tunnel floor through the loading shovel, thereby lifting the tunnel boring machine frame body, so that materials such as rail sleepers can be cushioned under the crawler walking part, creating conditions for the normal movement of the tunnel boring machine. In this process, the loading shovel needs to withstand the huge force transmitted to the floor by the shovel lifting cylinder.

[0003] As for the width of the loading shovel, on the one hand, in order to improve the loading efficiency, the width should be as large as possible, preferably consistent with the width of the tunnel being constructed; on the other hand, the width of the loading shovel must be smaller than the tunnel width to meet the requirements of the tunnel boring machine turning and changing direction in the tunnel. The above two requirements are obviously contradictory to the loading shovel. In order to meet these two requirements at the same time, the tunnel boring machine can only be equipped with a loading shovel with an adjustable width within a certain range.

[0004] Due to the limitation of the tunnel bottom plate cut by the drum of the tunnel boring machine, it is actually very difficult to set a component on the loading shovel that has sufficient strength and allows the width of the loading shovel to vary within a certain range. As a result, the existing cantilever longitudinal axis tunnel boring machine loading shovels rarely have the function of adjusting the loading width. The width of the tunnel boring machine loading shovel is smaller than the tunnel width. The tunnel boring machine can only complete the loading by frequently moving its frame body longitudinally and transversely in the tunnel. Therefore, the loading efficiency is very low, which significantly reduces the construction speed.

[0005] Chinese invention patent application CN102261245A discloses a shovel with an auxiliary material receiving device, which has material receiving claws hinged on both sides of the shovel body, and the material receiving claws are driven by a cylinder. Before collecting the material, the cylinder is first driven to open the material receiving claws to a size slightly narrower than the width of the tunnel, and then the tunnel boring machine moves forward and backward to gather the materials of the entire tunnel section in front of the tunnel boring machine. Next, the material receiving claws swing back and forth under the action of the cylinder, and complete the entire material receiving together with the material receiving star wheel. Although the loading width can be flexibly adjusted according to the change of the tunnel width, when the material receiving claws are opened, the gap between the material receiving claws and the shovel body is easy to get caught, which can easily cause the auxiliary material receiving function to fail. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a loading device for a tunnel boring machine, so as to flexibly adjust the loading width according to the change of the tunnel width at the construction site. The loading device has high loading efficiency and fast construction speed, and will not affect the cutting bottom plate of the tunnel boring machine drum. It can avoid the stress damage caused by the bottom support of the loading shovel plate and has high reliability.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, a loading device of a tunnel boring machine adopted in the present invention comprises: a loading shovel plate, the front of the loading shovel plate is open, and the rear part is provided with a frame body connecting ear seat and a shovel plate cylinder connecting ear seat, a shovel plate lifting cylinder is provided between the shovel plate cylinder connecting ear seat and the frame body of the tunnel boring machine, and the loading shovel plate is installed with a rake star wheel; a sliding material collecting device which can slide back and forth is provided on the side of the loading shovel plate, and the sliding material collecting device comprises a slide rail, a baffle and a baffle telescopic cylinder, the baffle telescopic cylinder is arranged between the baffle plate and the loading shovel plate, the slide rail is arranged on the side of the loading shovel plate, the baffle is slidably connected to the slide rail, and when the baffle plate slides forward relative to the slide rail, the baffle plate gradually approaches the bottom surface of the loading shovel plate and makes the loading width of the loading shovel plate wider.

[0008] Wherein, the baffle includes a sliding baffle, the sliding baffle is slidably connected to the slide rail, and the slide rail extends from the back to the front and extends outward and downward at the same time.

[0009] Wherein, the baffle further comprises a material receiving baffle, and the material receiving baffle is detachably mounted on the front end of the sliding baffle.

[0010] Wherein, the material receiving baffle is hinged to the sliding baffle.

[0011] Among them, the baffle includes a sliding baffle and a material receiving baffle, the sliding baffle is slidably connected to the slide rail, the material receiving baffle is detachably installed at the front end of the sliding baffle, and the slide rail extends from back to front and downward at the same time.

[0012] Wherein, the material receiving baffle is hinged to the sliding baffle.

[0013] Among them, the shovel lifting cylinder is connected to a shovel cylinder oil supply device, and the baffle telescopic cylinder is connected to a baffle cylinder oil supply device. A hydraulic linkage device is arranged between the baffle cylinder oil supply device and the shovel cylinder oil supply device. When the oil pressure supplied by the shovel cylinder oil supply device to the rodless chamber of the shovel lifting cylinder exceeds the set oil pressure of the hydraulic linkage device, the hydraulic oil supplied to the rodless chamber of the shovel lifting cylinder enters the rod chamber of the baffle telescopic cylinder through the hydraulic linkage device to cause the sliding baffle to retract.

[0014] Wherein, the shovel plate oil cylinder oil supply device includes a shovel plate oil cylinder reversing valve, the shovel plate oil cylinder reversing valve is provided with a pressure oil port, an oil return port, a first working oil port and a second working oil port, the first working oil port is connected with the rodless chamber of the shovel plate lifting oil cylinder through a first hydraulic oil circuit, and the second working oil port is connected with the rod chamber of the shovel plate lifting oil cylinder through a second hydraulic oil circuit; the baffle plate oil cylinder oil supply device includes a baffle plate oil cylinder reversing valve, and the shovel plate oil cylinder reversing valve is provided with a pressure oil port, an oil return port, a third working oil port and a first working oil port Four working oil ports, the third working oil port is connected to the rodless chamber of the baffle telescopic cylinder through the third hydraulic oil circuit, and the fourth working oil port is connected to the rod chamber of the baffle telescopic cylinder through the fourth hydraulic oil circuit; the hydraulic linkage device includes a one-way sequence valve and a shuttle valve, the one-way sequence valve is connected between the first working oil port and an oil inlet of the shuttle valve, the other oil inlet of the shuttle valve is connected to the fourth working oil port of the baffle cylinder reversing valve, and the oil outlet of the shuttle valve is connected to the fourth hydraulic oil circuit.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] 1) Since the side of the loading shovel is provided with a sliding material receiving device that can slide forward and backward, the sliding material receiving device includes a slide rail, a baffle and a baffle telescopic cylinder, the baffle telescopic cylinder is arranged between the baffle and the loading shovel, the slide rail is arranged on the side of the loading shovel, the baffle is slidably connected to the slide rail, when the baffle slides out of the slide rail, the baffle gradually approaches the bottom surface of the loading shovel and makes the loading width wider, when the baffle retracts into the slide rail, the baffle gradually moves away from the bottom surface of the loading shovel and makes the loading width narrower, that is, in the front and back and left and right directions, the baffle and the bottom surface of the loading shovel form a certain angle, when the tunneling machine moves forward to shovel the loading During the process, firstly, the baffle has the function of stacking the materials in the middle of the loading shovel plate, so that the materials are more easily entered into the shovel plate and collected; secondly, after the baffle plate slides out, it can be as close to the bottom plate of the tunnel as possible, which is conducive to cleaning the materials on the bottom plate; thirdly, when the baffle plate slides out, the loading width of the loading shovel plate is increased to improve the loading efficiency. When the baffle plate is retracted, the width of the loading shovel plate becomes smaller, and at the same time, the distance between the sliding baffle plate and the bottom plate increases, which can not only meet the requirements of the tunnel boring machine turning and changing direction, but also avoid the damage of the sliding baffle plate due to excessive force when the loading shovel plate of the tunnel boring machine supports the bottom plate to lift the frame body; fourthly, the sliding baffle plate of this mechanical structure will not be unable to slide due to the accumulation of materials such as coal and rock.

[0017] 2) When the cutting part of the tunnel boring machine cuts the bottom plate, the sliding baffle can be retracted to avoid interference between the cutting part and the sliding baffle, thereby preventing the sliding baffle from being damaged. This solves the problem that a small baffle height affects the material collection effect, while a large baffle height interferes with the cutting part.

[0018] 3) A hydraulic linkage device is arranged between the baffle extension cylinder and the shovel lifting cylinder. When the force of the loading shovel to press down the bottom reaches a certain value, the oil supply pressure of the shovel cylinder oil supply device exceeds the set pressure of the hydraulic linkage device. The shovel cylinder oil supply device supplies hydraulic oil to the rodless chamber of the shovel cylinder through the hydraulic linkage device and enters the rod chamber of the baffle cylinder to automatically retract the sliding baffle, thereby preventing the sliding baffle from being damaged due to failure to retract in time when the force of the loading shovel to press down the bottom is too large.

[0019] 4) In the present invention, a quickly detachable material receiving baffle is provided at the front end of the sliding baffle. On the one hand, when the slide rail extends from the back to the front and downward at the same time, the material receiving baffle follows the sliding baffle to slide out of the slide rail, which can widen the loading width; on the other hand, when the slide rail extends from the back to the front and downward at the same time, the material receiving baffle follows the sliding baffle to slide out of the slide rail, which can further increase the adaptability of the loading shovel to the width of the lane. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of a loading device for a roadheader of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A top view of the sliding baffle of the illustrated embodiment in an extended state;

[0022] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A side view of the sliding baffle of the illustrated embodiment in an extended state;

[0023] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 The hydraulic control principle diagram of the embodiment shown;

[0024] In the figure: 1-loading shovel, 11-frame body connecting ear seat, 12-shovel cylinder connecting ear seat, 2a-small rake material star wheel, 2b-large rake material star wheel, 3-sliding material receiving device, 31-slide rail, 32-protective plate, 33-baffle telescopic cylinder, 34-sliding baffle, 35-receiving baffle, 4-shovel lifting cylinder, 5-one-way sequence valve, 6-shuttle valve, 7-balance valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments to further understand the purpose, solution and effect of the present invention, but it is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the claims attached to the present invention.

[0026] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown together, a loading device for a tunnel boring machine is suitable for a cantilever longitudinal axis tunnel boring machine. The front of the loading shovel 1 is open, and the rear is provided with a frame body connecting ear seat 11 and a shovel cylinder connecting ear seat 12. When in use, the frame body connecting ear seat 11 is hinged with the frame body of the tunnel boring machine, and a shovel lifting cylinder 4 is provided between the shovel cylinder connecting ear seat 12 and the frame body of the tunnel boring machine to realize the lifting of the loading shovel 1. The loading shovel is equipped with a rake star wheel. In this embodiment, the rake star wheel includes two small rake star wheels 2a and two large rake star wheels 2b. The size and number of the rake star wheels are not limited.

[0027] The left and right sides of the loading shovel 1 are respectively provided with sliding material collecting devices 3 which can slide forward and backward. The sliding material collecting device 3 includes a slide rail 31, a sliding baffle 34 and a baffle telescopic cylinder 33. The slide rail 31 extends from the back to the front and extends outward and downward at the same time (the "outside" here is relative to the center of the loading shovel 1). The sliding baffle 34 is slidably connected to the slide rail 31. The baffle telescopic cylinder 33 is arranged between the sliding baffle 34 and the loading shovel 1, so that the sliding baffle 34 and the bottom surface of the loading shovel 1 form a certain angle in the front and back and left and right directions.

[0028] The slide rail 31 and the sliding baffle 34 are in a sliding fit relationship, and materials are not easy to enter the gap. In order to further play a protective role, a protective plate 32 is arranged above the sliding baffle 34, and the protective plate 32 plays a protective role on the piston rod of the baffle telescopic cylinder 33.

[0029] The material receiving baffle 35 is detachably mounted on the front end of the sliding baffle 34 , and the material receiving baffle 35 is hinged to the sliding baffle 34 , which further increases the adaptability of the loading shovel 1 to the width of the lane.

[0030] When the force of the loading shovel 1 pressing down the bottom is too great, the sliding baffle 34 needs to be withdrawn in time to avoid damage, but the operator may not react in time. In view of this situation, this embodiment further discloses the hydraulic control principle of the loading device.

[0031] like Figure 4 As shown, the shovel lifting cylinder 4 is connected to a shovel cylinder oil supply device, and the baffle telescopic cylinder 33 is connected to a baffle cylinder oil supply device, and a hydraulic linkage device is arranged between the baffle cylinder oil supply device and the shovel cylinder oil supply device. When the pressure of the shovel cylinder oil supply device supplying oil to the rodless chamber of the shovel lifting cylinder 4 exceeds the set pressure of the hydraulic linkage device, the hydraulic oil supplied to the rodless chamber of the shovel lifting cylinder 4 enters the rod chamber of the baffle telescopic cylinder 33 through the hydraulic linkage device to cause the sliding baffle 34 to retract.

[0032] The shovel cylinder oil supply device includes a shovel cylinder reversing valve, which is provided with a pressure oil port, an oil return port, a first working oil port and a second working oil port. The first working oil port is connected to the rodless chamber of the shovel lifting cylinder 4 through the first hydraulic oil circuit, and the second working oil port is connected to the rod chamber of the shovel lifting cylinder 4 through the second hydraulic oil circuit.

[0033] The damper oil cylinder oil supply device includes a damper oil cylinder reversing valve. In this embodiment, the damper telescopic oil cylinder 33 located on the left side of the loading shovel 1 is controlled by the left damper oil cylinder reversing valve, and the damper telescopic oil cylinder 33 located on the right side of the loading shovel 1 is controlled by the right damper oil cylinder reversing valve. The damper telescopic oil cylinders 33 located on the left and right sides can also be controlled by the same reversing valve. The left damper oil cylinder reversing valve and the right damper oil cylinder reversing valve have the same structure. They are both provided with a pressure oil port, an oil return port, a third working oil port and a fourth working oil port. The third working oil port is connected to the rodless chamber of the damper telescopic oil cylinder 33 through the third hydraulic oil circuit, and the fourth working oil port is connected to the rod chamber of the damper telescopic oil cylinder 33 through the fourth hydraulic oil circuit.

[0034] The hydraulic linkage device includes a one-way sequence valve 5 and a shuttle valve 6. The one-way sequence valve 5 is connected between the first working oil port and one oil inlet of the shuttle valve 6. The other oil inlet of the shuttle valve 6 is connected to the fourth working oil port of the baffle cylinder reversing valve. The oil outlet of the shuttle valve 6 is connected to the fourth hydraulic oil circuit.

[0035] In this embodiment, the set pressure of the hydraulic linkage device can be adjusted by adjusting the spring pressure of the one-way sequence valve 5. When oil is fed from the oil outlet of the shuttle valve 6, oil can be discharged from one of the two oil inlets of the shuttle valve 6. The first hydraulic oil circuit and the second hydraulic oil circuit are provided with a balancing valve 7, and the third hydraulic oil circuit and the fourth hydraulic oil circuit are also provided with a balancing valve 7.

[0036] The concept of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. For example, the slide rail 31 extends from the back to the front and only extends downward. At this time, the sliding baffle 34 and the material receiving baffle 35 are detachably connected to form a baffle. With the help of the material receiving baffle 35, when the sliding baffle 34 slides forward relative to the slide rail 31, the baffle gradually approaches the bottom surface of the loading shovel 1 and widens the loading width of the loading shovel 1. When the sliding baffle 34 slides backward relative to the slide rail 31, the baffle gradually moves away from the bottom surface of the loading shovel 1 and narrows the loading width of the loading shovel 1. The function is the same as that of the above-mentioned embodiments.

[0037] In summary, all non-substantial local changes made based on the concept, principle, structure and method of the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A loading device for a roadheader, comprising: The loading shovel is open at the front and provided with a frame body connecting ear seat and a shovel cylinder connecting ear seat at the rear. A shovel lifting cylinder is provided between the shovel cylinder connecting ear seat and the frame body of the tunneling machine. The loading shovel is equipped with a rake star wheel; characterized in that: The side of the loading shovel is provided with a sliding material receiving device that can slide forward and backward, and the sliding material receiving device includes a slide rail, a baffle and a baffle telescopic oil cylinder, the baffle telescopic oil cylinder is arranged between the baffle and the loading shovel, the slide rail is arranged on the side of the loading shovel, the baffle is slidably connected with the slide rail, when the baffle slides forward relative to the slide rail, the baffle gradually approaches the bottom surface of the loading shovel, and the loading width of the loading shovel becomes wider; The baffle comprises a sliding baffle, which is slidably connected to the slide rail. The slide rail extends from the rear to the front and extends outward and downward at the same time. The sliding baffle extends out from the slide slot openings at the front and rear ends of the slide rail.

2. The loading device for a roadheader according to claim 1, characterized in that: The baffle further comprises a material receiving baffle, and the material receiving baffle is detachably mounted on the front end of the sliding baffle.

3. The loading device for a roadheader according to claim 2, characterized in that: The material receiving baffle is hinged to the sliding baffle.

4. The loading device for a roadheader according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shovel lifting cylinder is connected to a shovel cylinder oil supply device, and the baffle telescopic cylinder is connected to a baffle cylinder oil supply device. A hydraulic linkage device is arranged between the baffle cylinder oil supply device and the shovel cylinder oil supply device. When the oil pressure supplied by the shovel cylinder oil supply device to the rodless chamber of the shovel lifting cylinder exceeds the set oil pressure of the hydraulic linkage device, the hydraulic oil supplied to the rodless chamber of the shovel lifting cylinder enters the rod chamber of the baffle telescopic cylinder through the hydraulic linkage device to retract the sliding baffle.

5. The loading device for a roadheader according to claim 4, characterized in that: The shovel plate oil cylinder oil supply device includes a shovel plate oil cylinder reversing valve, and the shovel plate oil cylinder reversing valve is provided with a pressure oil port, an oil return port, a first working oil port and a second working oil port. The first working oil port is connected to the rodless chamber of the shovel plate lifting cylinder through a first hydraulic oil circuit, and the second working oil port is connected to the rod chamber of the shovel plate lifting cylinder through a second hydraulic oil circuit. The baffle oil cylinder oil supply device includes a baffle oil cylinder reversing valve, and the shovel oil cylinder reversing valve is provided with a pressure oil port, an oil return port, a third working oil port and a fourth working oil port. The third working oil port is connected to the rodless chamber of the baffle telescopic oil cylinder through a third hydraulic oil circuit, and the fourth working oil port is connected to the rod chamber of the baffle telescopic oil cylinder through a fourth hydraulic oil circuit; The hydraulic linkage device includes a one-way sequence valve and a shuttle valve. The one-way sequence valve is connected between the first working oil port and one oil inlet of the shuttle valve. The other oil inlet of the shuttle valve is connected to the fourth working oil port of the baffle cylinder reversing valve. The oil outlet of the shuttle valve is connected to the fourth hydraulic oil circuit.

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