Surgical instruments for scraping and collecting bone particles

Abstract

A surgical instrument (10) for scraping and collecting bone particles comprises: a gripping handle (20); a blade body (30) supported by the handle (20); and a collection chamber (40) for particles scraped by the blade body (30), wherein the blade body (30) comprises a plurality of cutting edges (320) separated from each other.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to bone tissue reconstruction and regeneration technology and bone plastic surgery technology in orthopedic oral and maxillofacial surgery, plastic surgery, periodontal surgery and transplantation.

[0002] More specifically, the present invention relates to surgical instruments for scraping and collecting bone particles or bone chips or bone chips / bone curls, which can be used in such tissue regeneration techniques. Background Art

[0003] In the past, devices have been developed for collecting bone material in various areas of the bone structure with the aim of obtaining particles or granules of a size suitable for the regeneration of biological tissue.

[0004] These devices allow for improvements in autologous bone harvesting techniques and processing of the extracted bone material to obtain bone particles suitable for insertion into bone pockets to fill bone defects or enhance bone structure.

[0005] In recent years, the collection methods have been improved thanks to the introduction on the market of instruments for removing and collecting particles (flakes or chips) from bones by scraping, comprising a handle with a scraping blade placed at its front end and a cavity for collecting the removed material.

[0006] The instrument allows the removal of superficial cortical bone by means of specific scraping blades, by means of which particles in the form of flakes or chips of bone are generated, which are collected directly in the collecting cavity.

[0007] The high technological level of the scraping blade allows to use light pressure to obtain an optimal and controlled cut. The collection of the scraped bone particles is carried out through a channel opening (slit) located at the bottom of the blade body, which conveys the scraped bone particles into a collection chamber defined by a specially protected tank for temporary containment. During the collection step, the bone particles are mixed with blood to form a high bone density concentrate, which is an ideal filler in regenerative technologies.

[0008] With the development of these regenerative techniques, the importance of some parameters of the physical properties of bone particles has been noted, for example, it has been noted that, with the same weight of collected bone particles, the larger the volume of the bone particle block, the larger the space occupied by the bone particles in the bone pocket to be filled, so the bone regeneration yield is higher, and the larger the free surface of the bone particles, the more conversion of removed bone to regenerated bone in the bone pocket.

[0009] Furthermore, it has been found that another parameter of the physical properties of the bone particles that needs to be taken into account is the thickness of the particles. In fact, it has been noted that too great a thickness leads to a too rapid consumption of the transplanted bone and, therefore, a low regeneration efficiency, while, conversely, too high a thickness leads to an ineffective regeneration since it is too slow and invasive for the patient.

[0010] Therefore, there is a need in the art to provide surgical instruments that are capable of picking up bone particles, for example, to maximize the desired regenerative effect, while facilitating the collection operation by competent personnel.

[0011] The object of the present invention is to meet these needs in the background art by a simple, practical and cost-effective solution.

[0012] In particular, an object of the present invention is to provide a surgical instrument configured for scraping and collecting bone particles, which allows scraping and collecting bone particles that together have a large free surface per weight unit, a large volume and a thickness optimized for the desired purpose.

[0013] Another object of the present invention is to provide a surgical instrument that is particularly convenient and practical for use by competent personnel, which surgical instrument can, for example, facilitate and guide the scraping operation and allow the collected material to be effectively collected and presented in a comfortable and practical manner.

[0014] These objects are achieved by the features of the invention disclosed in the independent claim.The dependent claims describe preferred and / or particularly advantageous aspects of the invention. Summary of the invention

[0015] Specifically, the present invention provides a surgical instrument for scraping and collecting bone particles, comprising:

[0016] - Grab handles;

[0017] - a blade body supported by a handle; and

[0018] - a collection chamber for particles scraped by the blade,

[0019] Wherein, the knife body includes a plurality of cutting edges separated from each other.

[0020] Thanks to this solution, the above objectives can be achieved in an efficient, cost-effective and practical way.

[0021] In particular, thanks to the multiple cutting edges, with the same weight of scraped bone particles collected in the collection cavity, it is possible to increase the volume of the scraped and collected bone particles, thereby increasing its ability to fill and regenerate the bone cavity.

[0022] Furthermore, thanks to the multiple cutting edges, with the same weight of shaved bone particles collected in the collecting cavity, it is possible to provide the shaved and collected bone particles with a twisted and elongated shape having a calibrated thickness (neither too thin nor too high) that is most suitable for regeneration purposes.

[0023] It was also observed that the scraped bone particles formed multiple bone chips (equal to the number of cutting edges of the blade body), and in particular, at each movement, various bone chips with smaller thickness became more twisted (relative to a single bone chip formed by a blade body utilizing only one cutting edge), thereby increasing the volume of the scraped bone particles at each movement (thereby increasing its filling and bone cavity regeneration ability).

[0024] Furthermore, thanks to the multiple and separate cutting edges, it is possible to define an area that is not cut by the blade body, which area has a recess defined by the cutting edges that guides the blade body in a self-aligning trajectory during the scraping operation, i.e., a straight trajectory that improves the removal operation, increases the size of the scraped and collected bone particles, and allows safer and more comfortable movements for the operator.

[0025] Furthermore, the presence of one or more cutting edges allows improving the stability of the blade (resisting the vibrations generated during scraping) and acting as a straight line in sliding, allowing obtaining longer scraped bone particles (or bone curls or bone chips) relative to those obtained with traditional blades.

[0026] Advantageously, for these purposes, the blade body may comprise at least one recess interposed between the two cutting edges so as to separate them.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment, the cutter body may comprise at least three cutting edges, wherein a middle cutting edge is interposed between two peripheral cutting edges.

[0028] Thanks to this solution, the amount and volume of bone particles removed can be optimized.

[0029] According to one aspect of the invention, the cutting edges may lie on the same plane and be aligned along a circumferential arc.

[0030] Thanks to this solution, it is possible to produce a knife body that is sharp and comfortable.

[0031] Advantageously, the collecting chamber comprises an entry opening arranged near the cutting edge of the blade body, the cutting edge being located behind the entry opening of the collecting chamber along a scraping direction which is orthogonal to the plane of the cutting edge in the scraping direction pointing to the handle.

[0032] According to yet another aspect of the invention, each of the cutting edges may have a pointed end and have a longitudinally curved extension along a circumferential arc portion.

[0033] Thanks to this construction, the removal of bone particles by the blade is optimized.

[0034] According to one aspect of the present invention, the inlet opening may have a cross-section that is elastically variable in response to stress acting on the blade body from the outside.

[0035] Thanks to this solution, the collecting chamber is in communication with the outside only during the operation of picking up the bone material, while in other steps the collecting chamber is closed, so that the biological material collected in the collecting chamber remains in a sterile state.

[0036] The collection chamber and / or the handle may advantageously be made entirely of a biologically inert plastic material in order not to contaminate biological material.

[0037] In addition, the collecting chamber may include a barrel-shaped body, which is closed at the top by at least one connecting surface of the handle, and the collecting chamber is associated with the handle and can swing alternately between a closed position of the collecting chamber and an open position of the collecting chamber around a swing axis perpendicular to the connecting surface, wherein in the closed position the barrel-shaped body is aligned with the connecting surface relative to an alignment direction parallel to the swing axis, and in the open position, the barrel-shaped body is unfolded relative to the connecting surface.

[0038] Thanks to this solution, the surgical instrument can be kept in a firm and stable position to prevent it from tipping over when the collecting chamber is in its open position or is unfolded relative to the handle to make the biological material contained in the collecting chamber accessible. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description, which is given by way of non-limiting example and with the help of the figures illustrated in the accompanying description.

[0040] Figure 1 is a perspective view of a surgical instrument having the collection chamber in a closed configuration at the upper three quarters.

[0041] Figure 1A is with Figure 1 The same view with the surgical instrument having the collection chamber in an open configuration.

[0042] Figure 2 is a perspective view of the subject surgical instrument having the collection cavity in a closed configuration at the lower three quarters.

[0043] Figure 2A is with Figure 2 The same view with the surgical instrument having the collection chamber in an open configuration.

[0044] Figure 3 is a side view of a surgical instrument with a collection cavity in a closed configuration.

[0045] Figure 4 is a top plan view of a surgical instrument with a collection cavity in a closed configuration.

[0046] Figure 5 is based on Figure 4 Section in the longitudinal axial plane VV.

[0047] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 , which shows the blade of the surgical instrument during a scraping operation on bone.

[0048] Figure 7 It is a front view of the surgical instrument from the front.

[0049] Figure 8 is an elevational view of the front side of an alternative embodiment of a surgical instrument. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] With particular reference to these drawings, reference numeral 10 generally designates a surgical instrument for scraping and collecting (eg, manually) bone particles or bone chips or bone flakes / curls.

[0051] The surgical instrument 10 includes a handle 20 that is operable by an operator.

[0052] The handle 20 has an elongated body with a substantially straight longitudinal axis A, wherein a proximal end of the handle 20 defines a grip 21 adapted to be grasped by an operator's hand and an opposite free distal end.

[0053] For example, the handle 20 is made of a plastic material (monolithic body), for example the handle 20 is obtained by injection molding such a plastic material.

[0054] The handle 20 has a predetermined elastic resilience as a whole, which allows the handle 20 to flexibly bend when subjected to a transverse stress (radially oriented relative to the longitudinal axis A or having at least one radially oriented component) and return to an undeformed position when such a transverse stress disappears.

[0055] In the illustrated embodiment, the handle 20 includes: a widened proximal (or rear) portion, which defines the handle grip 21; and a distal portion, which includes the distal end itself, which has a reduced cross-section relative to the proximal portion.

[0056] In particular, the distal portion is defined by an elongated plate-like body having a first longitudinal end extending from the proximal portion and a second free longitudinal end that is, for example, bent and tapered (eg, a pointed end).

[0057] The plate-like body includes a convex (or defined outer arc) upper outer surface (shaped as required) and a lower inner surface (which has a planar surface adjacent to the first longitudinal end), and has a concave area (or defined inner arc) near the second longitudinal end.

[0058] The terms "lower" and "upper" as used in this specification refer to the position of the surgical instrument 10 in the use configuration, wherein "lower" means facing the bone to be shaved and "upper" means turned to the opposite side of the bone to be shaved.

[0059] The handle 20 carries, near its free distal end, a blade body 30 configured to scrape bone particles, for example in the form of bone chips or bone flakes / bone curls.

[0060] The blade body 30 has a hardness (high hardness, ie, greater than the hardness of bone) configuration so as not to generate resonance during the blade body undergoing a scraping operation.

[0061] The blade body 30 is generally made of metal, preferably stainless steel.

[0062] For example, the blade body 30 is preferably fixed to the free distal end of the handle 20 in an indestructible manner, such as at or near the free distal end.

[0063] In particular, the blade body 30 is directed downwardly towards the handle 20 , for example the blade body 30 (in use) projects thereunder by at least a certain radial extension.

[0064] Blade body 30 (see Figure 6 ) includes a scraping surface 31, which faces the proximal end of the handle 20 or toward the gripping portion 21 of the handle 22.

[0065] In the example illustrated, the scraping surface 31 is substantially planar, preferably orthogonal to the longitudinal axis A of the handle 20 , in particular to the proximal portion of the handle 20 .

[0066] The scraping surface 31 is a free surface of the blade body 30 which either protrudes from the handle 20 or in any case is not in contact with the handle 20 or other components of the surgical instrument 10 .

[0067] The blade body 30 comprises a peripheral scraping edge 32 which delimits, for example (below), a scraping face 31 .

[0068] The scraping edge 32 represents the portion of the blade body 30 having the smallest thickness (mainly in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis A).

[0069] The scraping edge 32 is the free edge of the blade body 30 (in use) that either projects from the handle 20 or in any case is not in contact with the handle 20 or other components of the surgical instrument 10 and preferably faces downwardly relative to the handle 20.

[0070] Preferably, the scraping edge 32 has an overall circumferential longitudinal extension.

[0071] In the example shown, the circumferential longitudinal extension is substantially coaxial with the longitudinal axis A (orthogonal to the scraping surface 31 ).

[0072] In the example shown, the blade body 30 includes a disc-shaped head 33 (e.g., integral), which has an inner face facing the proximal end of the handle 20 or towards the gripping portion 21 of the handle 20, the lower part of which defines the scraping surface 31 and is bounded by the scraping edge 32 (below), and the relatively outer face of the disc-shaped head 33 faces the distal end of the handle 20 or represents the distal end of the surgical instrument 10 itself.

[0073] The blade body 30 also includes a fixed blade handle 34, such as a cylindrical or prismatic fixed blade handle, which comes from the disc-shaped head 33 (such as the inner surface of the disc-shaped head 33) (as a whole) and has an axis orthogonal to the scraping surface 31, such as an axis parallel to the longitudinal axis A and coaxial with the longitudinal axis A.

[0074] The fixed handle 34 is configured to be securely and rigidly fixed in a (cylindrical) seat formed in the free distal end of the handle 20 , for example to be held securely constrained with no possibility of movement.

[0075] In an alternative embodiment, the blade body 30 can be made roughly in the manner described in patent US6110177, that is, the blade body has: an arcuate scraping surface, that is, a roughly semi-cylindrical surface with an axis perpendicular to the longitudinal axis A, and an arcuate lower edge scraping edge 32, or a circumferential longitudinal extension roughly perpendicular to the longitudinal axis A.

[0076] In any case, according to the present invention (see Figure 7 and Figure 8 ), a scraping (and sharp) edge 32 or a blade body 30 comprises a plurality of cutting edges 320, for example two or more cutting edges 320, which are separated from each other or spaced apart at a non-zero distance by empty gaps (or at most not scraping edges / not sharp).

[0077] In practice, the scraping edge 32 is subdivided into a plurality of (circular) parts, each part defining a respective cutting edge 320 .

[0078] Each cutting edge 320 is constituted / defined by or includes a tip (or apex, facing downwards) end of a shaped edge 32 and has a longitudinally curved extension along a (circular) portion of a circumferential arc defined by the circumferential longitudinal extension of the scraping edge 32.

[0079] Preferably, the blade body 30 includes at least one recess 321 (i.e., an axially passing gap formed in the blade body 30, in particular formed in the disc-shaped head of the blade body 30, which gap truncates and interrupts the scraping edge 32), which is inserted between two (adjacent) cutting edges 320 and thus separates the cutting edges 320.

[0080] The recess 321 is defined by an open slit at the bottom, for example with a longitudinal axis running radially or in any case parallel to the longitudinal shape of the scraping face 31 .

[0081] The length of the recess 321 is (far) smaller than the diameter of the blade body 30 , and in particular, the recess 321 extends over a limited portion of the scraping surface 31 (ie, extends over a limited end portion of the scraping surface 31 that is smaller than the entire area of ​​the scraping surface 31 ).

[0082] For example, the length of the recess 321 is comprised between 0.1 mm and 1 mm, preferably equal to 0.3 mm.

[0083] The (circumferential) width of the recess 321 , which corresponds to the (non-zero) distance separating the cutting edges 320 of the blade body 30 , is comprised between 0.01 mm and 1 mm, preferably between 0.01 mm and 0.2 mm, advantageously equal to 0.05 mm for example.

[0084] Due to this included distance between cutting edges 320, it is possible to maximize the amount of bone removed with each movement while obtaining shaved bone with reduced gibbosity and increasing the effectiveness of the surgical instrument.

[0085] Each recess 321 is obtained, for example, by cutting (for example, electrospark machining or laser cutting) the blade body 30 (ie, a single blade body, wherein, for example, the cutting edges of the blade body are previously sharpened).

[0086] Each cutting edge 320 is interconnected with a (single) scraping surface 31 , for example by cutting off a portion of the scraping surface 31 from a recess 321 .

[0087] The cutting edges 320 are preferably parts of the same scraping edge 32, the cutting edges 320 all being located in the same plane defined by the plane of the scraping face 31 and on the same (curved) line or circumferential arc (defined by the longitudinal extension of the circumference of the scraping edge 32), so that they are all aligned (in the circumferential direction).

[0088] It is not excluded that the blade body 30 may be obtained by joining several blade bodies, each having its own scraping edge 32 , each scraping edge 32 having one or more cutting edges 320 .

[0089] For example, a plurality of (two or three or more) parts 300 (such as in Figure 7 and Figure 8 The blade body 30 having a disc-shaped head 33 (schematically indicated by three dashed lines in the figure) is obtained, each part having a (single) corresponding cutting edge 320, and in particular each part is separated from the adjacent part by (and located in) one of the aforementioned recesses 321.

[0090] In this case (as in the case where the disc-shaped head 33 is integral), it is conceivable that the blade body 30 has a fixed handle 34, which is again made of a body separate from the disc-shaped head 33 and is rigidly fixed to the disc-shaped head (for example, by any permanent, semi-permanent or removable fixing technique). Figure 7 In the first (and preferred) embodiment shown, the plurality of cutting edges 320 of the blade body 30 comprises or consists of three cutting edges 320, wherein an intermediate or main cutting edge is interposed (in the circumferential direction) between two (identical) peripheral edges.

[0091] The intermediate cutting edge is, for example, tangential to a symmetry plane of the blade body 30 passing through the longitudinal axis A, and the two peripheral cutting edges are symmetrical relative to this symmetry plane.

[0092] exist Figure 8 In the second (and alternative) embodiment shown, the plurality of cutting edges 320 of the blade body 30 comprises or consists of two (identical) cutting edges 320, for example symmetrically with respect to the above-mentioned symmetry plane.

[0093] The surgical instrument 10 includes a collection cavity 40 configured to receive bone particles scraped by the blade body 30 .

[0094] The collecting chamber 40 is delimited (below and laterally) by walls 41 , is shaped like an elongated barrel-like body and has a longitudinal axis B that is substantially straight.

[0095] The wall 41 is at least partially optically transparent.

[0096] The collecting chamber 40 is made of a plastic material (monolithic body), for example the collecting chamber 40 is obtained by injection molding such a plastic material.

[0097] Advantageously, the collection chamber 40 has a proximal longitudinal end closer to the proximal end of the handle 20 and a distal longitudinal end closer to the distal end of the handle 20 .

[0098] For example, the wall 41 replicates in plan the elongated shape of the proximal portion of the handle 20 .

[0099] In practice, the collecting chamber 40 is adapted to be closed (at the top).

[0100] In particular, in the example shown, the collecting chamber 40 is closed by the handle 20 , in particular by the distal portion (above) of the handle 20 , and preferably the collecting chamber 40 is openable to allow the bone particles collected therein to be discharged from the collecting chamber 40 .

[0101] The lower periphery of the handle 20 or a distal portion thereof can be in close contact with the upper edge of the wall 41 .

[0102] For example, the collecting chamber 40 is associated with the handle 20 and can swing around a swing axis C, which is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis A of the handle 20 and to the longitudinal axis B of the collecting chamber 40, wherein the swing axis C is arranged adjacent to or near the proximal longitudinal end of the collecting chamber 40 (and midway between the proximal end of the handle 20 and its free distal end).

[0103] Specifically, the swing axis C is orthogonal to the interior (planar) surface of the handle 20 (ie, the proximal portion thereof).

[0104] Therefore, the collecting chamber 40 is rotatably associated with a hinge pin 42 coaxial with the swing axis C so as to be able to swing alternately between a closed position of the collecting chamber 40 and an open position of the collecting chamber 40, wherein in the closed position the barrel-shaped body defined by the wall 41 is aligned in plane with (below) the handle 20 or the distal part of the handle 20, and wherein in the open position the barrel-shaped body defined by the wall 41 is unaligned (in plane), that is, it is unfolded relative to the handle 20 or the distal part of the handle 20.

[0105] In other words, in the closed position, the longitudinal axis A of the handle 20 overlaps with the longitudinal axis B of the collecting chamber 40 (in the plane), while in the open position, the longitudinal axis A of the handle 20 and the longitudinal axis B of the collecting chamber 40 are separated, that is, a non-zero angle (but not a straight angle) is formed therebetween.

[0106] In practice, when the collecting chamber 40 is in the open position, the distal longitudinal end of the collecting chamber 40 is angularly separated from the free distal end of the handle 20, and when the collecting chamber 40 is in the closed position, the distal longitudinal end of the collecting chamber 40 is located below the free distal end of the handle 20 (at a minimum distance from the free distal end of the handle 20, or in contact with the free distal end of the handle 20).

[0107] In practice, when the collecting chamber 40 is in the open position, the surgical instrument 10 is configured to be able to stably (in the horizontal plane) be positioned on at least three non-aligned and coplanar support points, wherein the collecting chamber 40 faces upward, wherein a first support point belongs to a barrel-shaped body defined by a wall 41 and unfolded relative to the handle, a second support point belongs to the handle 20, for example, to the gripping portion 21, and a third support point belongs to a support point between the handle 20 and the blade body 20, for example, to a support point of a portion of the handle 20 adjacent to the blade body 20.

[0108] The surgical instrument 10 includes a locking assembly 50 configured to lock the collection chamber 40 in its closed position either temporarily or in a releasable manner on command.

[0109] The locking assembly 50 comprises, for example, a snap-fit ​​component having a manually operated button or other known intervention means.

[0110] The collection chamber 40 also includes an inlet opening 45 (see Figure 6 ), the entry opening 45 is configured to allow bone particles scraped by the blade body 30 to enter the volume enclosed by the collection chamber 40 (and the handle 20 when the collection chamber 40 is in the closed position).

[0111] The access opening 45 is located near the blade body 30 , in the example at the distal end of the collecting chamber 40 .

[0112] Preferably, the access opening 45 is delimited below and laterally by the wall 41 of the collecting chamber 40 and above by the handle 20 .

[0113] The collecting chamber 40 includes a single access opening 45 arranged near all the cutting edges 320 of the blade body 30 so as to convey the individually shaved bone particles into the (same) collecting chamber 40 .

[0114] The cutting edge 320 of the blade body 30 is arranged along the scraping direction S (see Figure 6 ) is located at the rear side of the entrance opening 45 of the collecting chamber 40, and the scraping direction S is orthogonal to the plane where the cutting edge 320 is located or in the scraping direction pointing to the handle 20 (i.e., pointing to the gripping portion 21 of the handle 20) (such as Figure 6 The plane (indicated by the arrow in the middle) is perpendicular to the plane defined by the scraping surface 31.

[0115] In practice, in the scraping direction, the collecting chamber 40 is located in front of the scraping blade 30, that is, in front of the scraping surface 31 and the cutting edge 320 of the scraping blade 32, so that the bone particles (in the form of bone chips or bone chips / bone curls) gradually separated from the cortical part of the bone are transported into the collecting chamber 40 (the bone particles are appropriately inverted and mixed).

[0116] If the blade 30 is manufactured generally according to what is described in patent US6110177, the entry opening is arranged near the cutting edge of the blade body, and the cutting edge is placed behind the entry opening of the collecting chamber along a scraping direction parallel to the plane in which the cutting edge itself lies, and is tangent to at least one point of the circumferential arc (more backward) in the scraping direction toward the handle or toward the grip of the handle.

[0117] In the preferred embodiment shown in the drawings, the access opening 45 has an elastically variable (opening) cross section in response to stress acting on the blade body 30 and / or the handle 20 from the outside.

[0118] Specifically, the entry opening 45 is configured to switch alternately between an open configuration, in which its opening cross-section (or channel gap) is maximum, and a closed configuration, in which its opening cross-section (or channel gap) is maximum, for example, it is completely closed.

[0119] For example, during a scraping operation performed by the cutting edge 320 of the scraping edge 32 of the blade body 30 , at least a portion of the surgical instrument 10 is elastically deformable to change the (opening) cross-section of the access opening 45 (between an open configuration and a closed configuration).

[0120] Specifically, at least a portion of the handle 20, preferably the distal portion of the handle 20 is elastically deformable so that when the surgical instrument 10 is pressed so that the blade 30 is close to the bone, the distal portion of the handle 20 is separated from the wall 41 defining the collection chamber 40. Conversely, when the surgical instrument 10 is not subject to mechanical stress, the distal portion of the handle 20 is close to the wall 41 defining the collection chamber 40.

[0121] Based on the above, the operation of surgical instrument 10 is as follows.

[0122] In use, the surgical instrument 10 is operated by holding the surgical instrument 10 by hand by means of the handle 20, in particular and primarily by means of the handle 21; the distal portion including the free distal end of the handle 20 and the blade 30 of the surgical instrument 10 are kept away from the hand's grasp.

[0123] When the scraping edge 32 including the cutting edge 320 of the blade body 30 is pressed downwardly against the bone surface (e.g. Figure 6 As shown, the scraping edge 32 is sunken into the cortical layer of the bone itself by means of a limited radial extension.

[0124] For example, through the restraining reaction provided by the bone, the access opening 45 is moved into its open configuration, which allows bone particles to enter the collection cavity 40.

[0125] At this stage, the scraping operation is performed by pulling the instrument backwards in the scraping direction S, with the blade body 30 pressed against the bone.

[0126] In each scraping operation, the bone particles (in Figure 6 The scraping surface 31 of the blade body 30 (schematically shown as bone chips) is pushed into the collection chamber 40 via the access opening 45 which is in an open configuration at this stage, through each scraping surface portion 31 cut from the recess 321.

[0127] During each scraping operation, at least one bone particle (i.e., bone chips or bone fragments) for each cutting edge 320 constituting the scraping edge 32 is separated from the bone and transported to the collection chamber 40, where it is separated (longitudinally) from the bone particles scraped by one of the other edges 320 of the scraping edge 320.

[0128] Furthermore, the recesses 321 which delimit each cutting edge 320 (ie its inner edge) allow each scraping operation to be guided along a straight scraping direction S (orthogonal to the scraping face 31 of the blade).

[0129] In practice, a prismatic connection is established between the unshaved portion of the bone and the recess 321 during the scraping operation, which keeps the surgical instrument in a controlled state, allows optimal sliding on the bone and gives the scraped bone particles collected in the collection cavity a more regular, elongated and confined structure.

[0130] When the hand action on the surgical instrument 10 to push the blade 30 against the bone ceases, the mechanical stress on the handle 20 ceases, the surgical instrument 10 is released and returns to its natural configuration, thus closing the access opening 45 and isolating the collection chamber 40 from the external environment. The access opening 45 may be forced closed by a predetermined preload force generated during assembly of the components of the surgical instrument 10.

[0131] When it is desired to discharge the collected bone particles from the collecting chamber 40, it is sufficient to set the collecting chamber 40 to its open position.

[0132] When the collecting chamber 40 is in the open position (see Figure 1A and Figure 2A ), the surgical instrument 10 presents a general "T" shape, which allows the surgical instrument 10 to be located on a flat surface (e.g., horizontal). The "T" shape is very stable and prevents tipping over, and in particular, the position of the wall 41 of the barrel-shaped body defining the collection chamber 40 (the biological material defined by the scraped bone particles is collected in the collection chamber) is particularly stable, upward and accessible to the operator, who can place the surgical instrument 10 on the flat surface without being forced to hold the surgical instrument 10 with one hand to prevent it from rolling and losing the collected bone particles.

[0133] The invention thus conceived is susceptible of numerous modifications and variations, all of which are within the scope of the inventive concept.

[0134] Moreover, all the details may be replaced by other technically equivalent elements.

[0135] In practice, the materials used, as well as the shapes and dimensions, may be any suitable as required, without departing from the scope of protection of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A surgical instrument (10) for scraping and collecting bone particles, comprising: - a grip handle (20); - a blade body (30) supported by a handle (20); and - a collection chamber (40) for particles scraped by the blade (30), The blade body (30) comprises a disc-shaped head (33), the disc-shaped head (33) is provided with a scraping surface (31), the scraping surface (31) is composed of two or three or more parts (300), each part has a corresponding cutting edge (320) and is separated from an adjacent part by a recess (321); and The scraping surface (31) is orthogonal to the longitudinal axis (A) of the handle (20), and the cutting edges (320) of the blade body (30) are spaced apart from each other at a distance comprised between 0.01 mm and 0.2 mm.

2. The surgical instrument (10) according to claim 1, wherein: The blade body (30) comprises at least one recess (321), and the at least one recess (321) is inserted between two cutting edges (320) to separate the two cutting edges (320).

3. The surgical instrument (10) according to claim 1, wherein: The blade body (30) comprises at least three cutting edges (320), wherein a middle cutting edge among the at least three cutting edges (320) is interposed between two peripheral cutting edges.

4. The surgical instrument (10) according to claim 1, wherein: The cutting edges (320) are located on the same plane and are aligned along a circumferential arc.

5. The surgical instrument (10) according to claim 4, wherein: The collecting chamber (40) comprises an entry opening (45) arranged near the cutting edge (320) of the blade body (30), and the cutting edge (320) is located at the rear side of the entry opening (45) of the collecting chamber (40) along a scraping direction (S), and the scraping direction (S) is orthogonal to the plane where the cutting edge (320) is located in the scraping direction pointing to the handle (20).

6. The surgical instrument (10) according to claim 1, wherein: Each of the cutting edges (320) has a pointed end and has a longitudinally curved extension along a circumferential arc portion.

7. The surgical instrument (10) according to claim 1, wherein: The inlet opening (45) has a cross section that is elastically variable in response to stress acting on the blade body (30) from the outside.

8. The surgical instrument (10) according to claim 1, wherein: The collecting chamber (40) comprises a barrel-shaped body, which is closed at the top by at least one connecting surface of the handle (20), and the collecting chamber (40) is associated with the handle (20) and can be alternately swung between a closed position of the collecting chamber (40) and an open position of the collecting chamber (40) around a swing axis (C) perpendicular to the connecting surface, wherein in the closed position the barrel-shaped body is aligned with the connecting surface relative to an alignment direction parallel to the swing axis (C), and in the open position, the barrel-shaped body is unfolded relative to the connecting surface.

9. The surgical instrument (10) according to claim 1, wherein: Said distance is equal to 0.05 mm.

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