Punching mechanism of mushroom stick inoculation machine

Abstract

The present invention provides a punching mechanism for a mushroom stick inoculator, comprising an inoculation frame, a punching mechanism arranged on the inoculation frame, the punching mechanism comprising a punching unit and a bag pressing unit, the punching unit comprising a punching needle assembly slidably arranged above the inoculation frame and a punching motor arranged below the inoculation frame, the punching motor is connected to a punching shaft, and punching rocker arm assemblies are respectively arranged between the two ends of the punching shaft and the punching needle assembly; the bag pressing unit comprises a bag pressing plate elastically sliding up and down on the inoculation frame and a bag pressing shaft rotatably arranged on the inoculation frame, a chain transmission is used between the bag pressing shaft and the punching shaft, the speed ratio of the bag pressing shaft and the punching shaft is 1:2, and bag pressing rocker arm assemblies are respectively arranged between the two ends of the bag pressing shaft and the bag pressing plate. The present invention can simultaneously drive the punching unit or the bag pressing unit to move by a punching motor, can save space occupied by the equipment, and has more convenient, flexible and reliable control, and has high practical application and promotion value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of a mushroom stick inoculator, in particular to a punching mechanism of a mushroom stick inoculator. Background Art

[0002] During the production of edible mushroom sticks, the mushroom sticks undergo a series of production processes such as disinfection, punching, and inoculation on a mushroom stick inoculator. The punching process is to pierce holes on the cylindrical mushroom sticks to form certain spaces to facilitate the placement of edible mushroom strains in the subsequent inoculation process.

[0003] In the prior art, the function described in the above-mentioned punching process is achieved by a punching mechanism on a mushroom stick inoculator. When the punching mechanism is in action, a cylinder at one station drives the punching needle to penetrate into the mushroom stick. In order to ensure the stability of the mushroom stick when the punching needle penetrates the mushroom stick, and at the same time to ensure that the mushroom stick is not lifted up when the punching needle is pulled out, a pressing plate is usually provided. The pressing plate presses the mushroom stick to ensure that the mushroom stick is fixed when the punching needle moves forward and backward. The movement of the pressing plate is also usually driven by a cylinder at another station. The cylinder drives the pressing plate up and down to make the mushroom stick in a fixed or movable state.

[0004] For example, the authorization announcement number CN206686672U discloses an improved automatic punching device for mushroom sticks. When punching holes in the mushroom sticks, the first cylinder body pushes the lower frame plate to press the mushroom sticks, and the second cylinder body pushes the punching needle tube to pierce the mushroom sticks. The drive is all cylinders, and the cylinders at different workstations are grouped to achieve the pressing and punching actions. The entire drive is a step-by-step operation and the process is cumbersome.

[0005] As we all know, as a pneumatic part, the cylinder needs to be equipped with a certain air compressor to provide the required air source, which increases the production cost of the enterprise. The air compressor is connected to the cylinder through an air pipe. After long-term use, it is easy to leak at the joints between the equipment. In addition, the cylinder reciprocates for a long time, and the cylinder is also prone to poor sealing inside. At the same time, the cylinder is used a limited number of times. Faced with the high-frequency operation of the mushroom stick inoculator, its service life is reduced and needs to be replaced frequently, affecting the normal mushroom stick production progress. For this reason, a punching mechanism for the mushroom stick inoculator is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the problems that the existing punching mechanism driving process is complicated and the cylinder drive affects normal production, the present invention provides a mushroom stick inoculator punching mechanism, which realizes convenient punching operation by optimizing the punching mechanism, and no longer uses cylinder drive, thereby improving the stability of production operation.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0008] The punching mechanism of the mushroom stick inoculator comprises an inoculation frame, on which a punching mechanism is arranged, the punching mechanism comprises a punching unit and a bag pressing unit, the punching unit comprises a punching needle assembly slidably arranged above the inoculation frame for punching, and a punching motor arranged below the inoculation frame, the punching motor is connected to a punching shaft, and punching rocker arm assemblies are respectively arranged between the two ends of the punching shaft and the punching needle assembly to drive the punching needle assembly to slide;

[0009] The bag pressing unit includes a bag pressing plate that elastically slides up and down on the inoculation frame and a bag pressing shaft that is rotatably arranged on the inoculation frame. A chain transmission is arranged between the bag pressing shaft and the punching shaft, and the speed ratio of the bag pressing shaft and the punching shaft is 1:2. Bag pressing rocker arm assemblies are respectively arranged between the two ends of the bag pressing shaft and the bag pressing plate to drive the bag pressing plate to slide, and the punching needle assembly and the bag pressing plate are distributed up and down.

[0010] Furthermore, sliding rods are vertically arranged on both sides of the inoculation frame, and the punching needle assembly slides along the sliding rods. The punching needle assembly includes a punching plate and punching needles detachably connected to the bottom of the punching plate. The number of the punching needles is multiple and equidistantly arranged.

[0011] Furthermore, the punching motor includes a motor body and a reducer, the reducer is key-connected to the punching shaft, and both ends of the punching shaft extend outwards to connect to the punching rocker arm assembly.

[0012] Further, the perforated rocker arm assembly comprises a rocker arm 1 and an outer tie rod, the rocker arm 1 is a disc cam, and the rocker arm 1 is connected to the perforated plate through the outer tie rod;

[0013] Fisheye joints are provided between the rocker arm 1 and the outer pull rod, and between the outer pull rod and the perforated plate.

[0014] Furthermore, the bag pressing plate slides along the slide bar, the punching plate and the bag pressing plate are arranged correspondingly up and down, and holes are opened on the bag pressing plate for the punching needles to penetrate;

[0015] A compression spring is sleeved on the sliding rod between the inoculation machine frame and the bag pressing plate.

[0016] Furthermore, a large sprocket is arranged on the bag pressing shaft, a small sprocket is arranged on the punching shaft, a chain is arranged between the large sprocket and the small sprocket, and the transmission ratio of the large sprocket and the small sprocket is 1:2.

[0017] Furthermore, the bag pressing rocker arm assembly comprises a cam head, a rocker arm head, a limit bearing and an inner pull rod, the cam head key is connected to the bag pressing shaft, the outer contour of the cam head comprises a superior arc segment bent in a "C" shape and an inferior arc segment bent in a "W" shape, and the bending part of the inferior arc segment has a smooth transition arc;

[0018] The rocker arm head includes two plate parts distributed at intervals and a joint part connected by bolts. The plate part is waist-shaped and annular. The joint part is located above the plate part, and the limit bearing is arranged below the plate part.

[0019] Furthermore, the cam head is arranged between the two plate parts, and bearings are arranged on the planes on both sides of the cam head, and the bearings slide up and down along the inner contour edge of the plate part; the limit bearing is arranged between the two plate parts, and the limit bearing rolls against the outer contour surface of the cam head;

[0020] The inner pull rod is vertically arranged on the joint part, and the upper end of the inner pull rod is connected to the bag pressing plate through a fisheye joint.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0022] The structure of the present invention is reasonably designed. The punching unit realizes the punching of the mushroom stick, and the bag pressing unit realizes the pressing of the mushroom stick. A punching motor can drive the punching unit or the bag pressing unit to move at the same time. No other power equipment is required, which can save equipment space. Compared with cylinder drive, the control structure is more convenient, flexible and reliable, and has high practical application and promotion value.

[0023] The transmission ratio of the small sprocket on the punching shaft and the large sprocket on the bag pressing shaft of the present invention is 2:1. When the punching shaft is controlled to rotate twice, the punching needle assembly punches holes twice, the bag pressing shaft rotates once, and the bag pressing plate presses the mushroom stick once. A punching motor controls the punching shaft and the bag pressing shaft to cooperate well, thereby effectively realizing different functions.

[0024] The punching rocker arm assembly of the present invention is used for transmitting power between the punching shaft and the punching needle assembly. The up and down movement of the punching needle assembly can be realized by rotating the rocker arm and cooperating with the external pull rod; the bag pressing rocker arm assembly is used for transmitting power between the bag pressing shaft and the bag pressing plate. The design of the bag pressing rocker arm assembly is novel, unique and ingenious. Under the action of the compression spring, the limit bearing is ensured to always fit the outer edge of the cam head. When the cam head rotates, the specific cross-section of the outer edge of the cam head can ensure the up and down movement of the rocker arm head, thereby ensuring the up and down movement of the bag pressing plate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the punching mechanism of the mushroom stick inoculator of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 It is a distribution diagram of the punching unit and the bag pressing unit of the punching mechanism of the mushroom stick inoculator of the present invention, in which the chain transmission structure is not shown.

[0027] Figure 3 The utility model is a schematic diagram of the installation of a punching needle assembly, a bag pressing plate and a sliding rod of a punching mechanism of a mushroom stick inoculator of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 4 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the structure of a punching rocker arm assembly of a punching mechanism of a mushroom stick inoculator.

[0029] Figure 5 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the structure of a bag pressing rocker arm assembly of a punching mechanism of a mushroom stick inoculator.

[0030] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the installation of the cam head and the rocker arm head of the punching mechanism of the mushroom stick inoculator of the present invention, in which one plate portion is not shown.

[0031] Figure 7 The punching mechanism of the mushroom stick inoculation machine of the present invention Figure 1 Enlarged schematic diagram at point A in the middle.

[0032] Figure 8 The punching mechanism of the mushroom stick inoculation machine of the present invention Figure 1 Enlarged schematic diagram of point B in the middle.

[0033] The numbers in the accompanying drawings are: 1 is an inoculation frame, 2 is a punching needle assembly, 21 is a punching plate, 22 is a punching needle, 3 is a punching motor, 4 is a punching shaft, 5 is a punching rocker arm assembly, 51 is a rocker arm 1, 52 is an outer pull rod, 6 is a bag pressing plate, 7 is a bag pressing shaft, 81 is a cam head, 811 is a superior arc segment, 812 is an inferior arc segment, 82 is a rocker arm head, 821 is a plate portion, 822 is a joint portion, 83 is a limit bearing, 84 is an inner pull rod, 9 is a slide rod, 10 is a compression spring, 11 is a large sprocket, 12 is a small sprocket, and 13 is a bearing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The present invention is described in more detail below through specific implementation modes to facilitate understanding of the technical solution of the present invention, but is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0035] like Figure 1 to Figure 8 As shown, the punching mechanism of the mushroom stick inoculator includes an inoculation frame 1, on which a punching mechanism is arranged, which can puncture the mushroom sticks. The punching mechanism includes a punching unit and a bag pressing unit. The punching unit performs the specific operation of punching the mushroom sticks, and the bag pressing unit presses the mushroom sticks to keep them fixed before and after the punching unit moves.

[0036] In this embodiment, the punching unit includes a punching needle assembly 2 that is slidably arranged above the inoculation rack 1 and used for punching, and a punching motor 3 that is arranged below the inoculation rack 1. In order to facilitate the sliding of the punching needle assembly 2, sliding rods 9 are vertically arranged on both sides of the inoculation rack 1. The punching needle assembly 2 slides along the sliding rods 9, and the sliding rods 9 are optical axes.

[0037] Specifically, the punch needle assembly 2 includes a punch plate 21 and a punch needle 22 detachably connected to the bottom of the punch plate 21. Linear bearings 13 are provided at both ends of the punch plate 21. The punch plate 21 slides along the slide rod 9 through the linear bearings 13.

[0038] There are multiple punching needles 22 which are arranged at equal distances. The punching needles 22 are bolted to the bottom of the punching plate 21. The lower ends of the punching needles 22 are conical, which can be easily inserted into the mushroom sticks.

[0039] In order to realize the up and down sliding of the punch needle assembly 2, the punching motor 3 is connected to the punching shaft 4, and punching rocker arm assemblies 5 are respectively arranged between the two ends of the punching shaft 4 and the punch needle assembly 2 to drive the punch needle assembly 2 to slide.

[0040] When the punching motor 3 is specifically installed, the punching motor 3 includes a motor body and a reducer, the reducer is key-connected to the punching shaft 4, and both ends of the punching shaft 4 pass through the reducer and extend outward to connect to the punching rocker arm assembly 5 respectively.

[0041] In this embodiment, the perforating rocker arm assembly 5 includes a rocker arm 51 and an outer pull rod 52. The rocker arm 51 is a disc cam shape, and the rocker arm 51 is connected to the perforated plate 21 through the outer pull rod 52. Fisheye joints are provided between the rocker arm 51 and the outer pull rod 52, and between the outer pull rod 52 and the perforated plate 21.

[0042] The action flow of the punching unit is as follows: the punching motor 3 is started, the punching shaft 4 rotates, the punching shaft 4 drives the rocker arm 51 to rotate in a circle, and then the outer pull rod 52 connected to the rocker arm 51 reciprocates up and down, and the outer pull rod 52 drives the punching needle assembly 2 to slide up and down along the sliding rod 9 to realize the punching operation of the mushroom stick.

[0043] In this embodiment, the bag pressing unit includes a bag pressing plate 6 that elastically slides up and down on the inoculation frame 1 and a bag pressing shaft 7 that is rotatably arranged on the inoculation frame 1. The bag pressing plate 6 slides along the sliding rod 9. Linear bearings 13 are also arranged at both ends of the bag pressing plate 6. The bag pressing plate 6 slides along the sliding rod 9 through the linear bearings 13, that is, the bag pressing plate 6 and the punching plate 21 share the same sliding rod 9.

[0044] The punching needle assembly 2 and the bag pressing plate 6 are distributed up and down. Specifically, the punching plate 21 and the bag pressing plate 6 are arranged correspondingly up and down, that is, the bag pressing plate 6 slides under the punching plate 21, and the bag pressing plate 6 is provided with holes for the punching needles 22 to penetrate.

[0045] In order to realize the elastic sliding of the bag pressing plate 6, a compression spring 10 is sleeved on the sliding rod 9 between the inoculation frame 1 and the bag pressing plate 6. When the bag pressing plate 6 slides up and down, the compression spring 10 is compressed or extended accordingly.

[0046] The bag pressing shaft 7 and the punching shaft 4 are chain-driven, and the bag pressing shaft 7 can also be driven to rotate through the punching motor 3. The bag pressing shaft 7 is connected to the inoculation frame 1 through the bearing seat. The speed ratio of the bag pressing shaft 7 and the punching shaft 4 is 1:2, and the speed ratio is the transmission ratio;

[0047] Specifically, a large sprocket 11 is provided on the bag pressing shaft 7, a small sprocket 12 is provided on the punching shaft 4, a chain is provided between the large sprocket 11 and the small sprocket 12, and the transmission ratio of the large sprocket 11 and the small sprocket 12 is 1:2, that is, the gear ratio of the large sprocket 11 and the small sprocket 12 is 2:1, and the gear ratio is inversely proportional to the transmission ratio, and thus under the action of the same punching motor 3, different rotation speeds of the punching shaft 4 and the bag pressing shaft 7 can be achieved.

[0048] In this embodiment, the punching shaft 4 is directly connected to the punching motor 3, and thus the punching shaft 4 is the driving shaft. The punching shaft 4 and the bag pressing shaft 7 are chain-driven, and the bag pressing shaft 7 is the driven shaft. The transmission ratio of the small sprocket 12 on the punching shaft 4 and the large sprocket 11 on the bag pressing shaft 7 is 2:1. The transmission ratio is 2, which is greater than 1, which is a deceleration motion, and thus the rotation speed of the punching shaft 4 is faster than that of the bag pressing shaft 7.

[0049] In order to facilitate the up and down sliding of the bag pressing plate 6, bag pressing rocker arm assemblies are respectively arranged between the two ends of the bag pressing shaft 7 and the bag pressing plate 6 to drive the bag pressing plate 6 to slide.

[0050] In this embodiment, the bag pressing rocker arm assembly includes a cam head 81, a rocker arm head 82, a limit bearing 83 and an inner pull rod 84. The cam head 81 is keyed to the bag pressing shaft 7. The outer contour of the cam head 81 includes a major arc segment 811 bent in a "C" shape and a minor arc segment 812 bent in a "W" shape. The bending part of the minor arc segment 812 has a smooth transition arc.

[0051] The rocker arm head 82 includes two plate portions 821 distributed at intervals and a joint portion 822 that bolts the two plate portions 821, the plate portion 821 is a waist-shaped ring, the joint portion 822 is located above the plate portion 821, the limit bearing 83 is arranged below the plate portion 821, the limit bearing 83 is arranged between the two plate portions 821, the cam head 81 is arranged between the two plate portions 821, the limit bearing 83 rolls against the outer contour surface of the cam head 81, bearings 13 are arranged on both side planes of the cam head 81, and the bearings 13 slide up and down along the inner contour edge of the plate portion 821.

[0052] In this embodiment, the inner pull rod 84 is vertically arranged on the joint portion 822 , and the upper end of the inner pull rod 84 is connected to the bag pressing plate 6 via a fisheye joint. The rocker arm head 82 can be connected to the bag pressing plate 6 via the inner pull rod 84 .

[0053] The operation process of the bag pressing unit is as follows: when the punching motor 3 is started and the punching unit is in operation, the bag pressing unit is operated together. First, the bag pressing shaft 7 rotates, and the bag pressing shaft 7 drives the cam head 81 to rotate. Under the action of the compression spring 10, it is ensured that the limit bearing 83 always slides in contact with the outer contour surface of the cam head 81. As the cam head 81 rotates, its superior arc segment 811 and inferior arc segment 812 cyclically contact the limit bearing 13 to realize the up and down movement of the rocker arm head 82. The bearing 13 also slides on the inner arm of the plate 821, thereby forming a certain restriction to ensure the stability of the up and down movement of the rocker arm head 82. The rocker arm head 82 drives the bag pressing plate 6 to move up and down through the external pull rod 52, and then the bag pressing operation is carried out.

[0054] When the punching mechanism is in operation, the punching motor 3 is controlled to drive the punching shaft 4 to rotate twice in a circle, and then the punching needle assembly 2 reciprocates up and down twice to achieve two punching operations. The purpose of two punching operations is: since the filling material in the mushroom stick is mostly sawdust, after a certain hole position is formed by one punching, the sawdust is fluffy and easily causes the hole position to be deformed or incomplete. Two punching operations improve the integrity of the hole position and ensure the integrity of the space where the subsequent strains are located;

[0055] The transmission ratio of the small sprocket 12 on the punching shaft 4 and the large sprocket 11 on the bag pressing shaft 7 is 2:1, so that the bag pressing shaft 7 rotates one circle, and the bag pressing plate 6 moves up and down once. During the two punching processes, the bag pressing plate 6 always presses the mushroom sticks.

[0056] Specifically, the punching shaft 4 and the bag pressing shaft 7 rotate at different speeds at the same time, the punching shaft 4 runs fast, and the bag pressing shaft 7 runs slowly, and then the punching needle assembly 2 and the bag pressing plate 6 also slide downward at different speeds at the same time. The bag pressing plate 6 first presses the mushroom stick, and the punching needle assembly 2 moves quickly, completes two punching operations, and then moves upward to separate from the mushroom stick. At this time, the bag pressing shaft 7 rotates exactly one circle, and the bag pressing plate 6 moves upward again and no longer presses the mushroom stick.

[0057] The present invention can realize two stations and different functions through a punching motor 3. Compared with the existing structure in which different cylinders are driven separately, the action process is simpler and the structural design is more reasonable. In addition, cylinder drive is no longer used, which improves the stability of the operation of the whole machine and ensures the normal operation of mushroom stick production.

[0058] The embodiments described above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. Therefore, any equivalent changes or modifications made according to the structures, features and principles described in the patent scope of the present invention should be included in the scope of the patent application of the present invention.

Claims

1. A punching mechanism for a mushroom stick inoculator, comprising an inoculation frame (1), wherein the inoculation frame (1) is provided with a punching mechanism, characterized in that: The punching mechanism comprises a punching unit and a bag pressing unit, wherein the punching unit comprises a punching needle assembly (2) which is slidably arranged above the inoculation frame (1) and is used for punching holes, and a punching motor (3) which is arranged below the inoculation frame (1), wherein the punching motor (3) is connected to a punching shaft (4), and punching rocker arm assemblies (5) are respectively arranged between the two ends of the punching shaft (4) and the punching needle assembly (2) to drive the punching needle assembly (2) to slide; The bag pressing unit comprises a bag pressing plate (6) elastically sliding up and down on the inoculation frame (1) and a bag pressing shaft (7) rotatably arranged on the inoculation frame (1), a chain transmission is arranged between the bag pressing shaft (7) and the punching shaft (4), the speed ratio of the bag pressing shaft (7) and the punching shaft (4) is 1:2, bag pressing rocker arm assemblies are respectively arranged between the two ends of the bag pressing shaft (7) and the bag pressing plate (6) to drive the bag pressing plate (6) to slide, and the punching needle assembly (2) and the bag pressing plate (6) are distributed up and down; The bag pressing shaft (7) is provided with a large sprocket (11), the punching shaft (4) is provided with a small sprocket (12), a chain is provided between the large sprocket (11) and the small sprocket (12), and the transmission ratio between the large sprocket (11) and the small sprocket (12) is 1:2; The bag pressing rocker arm assembly comprises a cam head (81), a rocker arm head (82), a limit bearing (83) and an inner pull rod (84); the cam head (81) is key-connected to the bag pressing shaft (7); the outer contour of the cam head (81) comprises a superior arc segment (811) bent in a "C" shape and an inferior arc segment (812) bent in a "W" shape; the bending part of the inferior arc segment (812) has a smooth transition arc; the rocker arm head (82) comprises two plate portions (821) spaced apart and a joint portion (822) connecting the two plate portions (821) with bolts; the plate portion (821) is waist-shaped, the joint portion (822) is located above the plate portion (821), and the limit bearing (83) is arranged below the plate portion (821); The cam head (81) is arranged between the two plate parts (821), and bearings (13) are arranged on the planes on both sides of the cam head (81), and the bearings (13) slide up and down along the inner contour edge of the plate part (821); the limit bearing (83) is arranged between the two plate parts (821), and the limit bearing (83) rolls in contact with the outer contour surface of the cam head (81); the inner pull rod (84) is vertically arranged on the joint part (822), and the upper end of the inner pull rod (84) is connected to the bag pressing plate (6) through a fisheye joint.

2. The punching mechanism of the mushroom stick inoculation machine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Slide bars (9) are arranged vertically on both sides of the inoculation rack (1), and the punching needle assembly (2) slides along the slide bars (9). The punching needle assembly (2) includes a punching plate (21) and punching needles (22) detachably connected to the bottom of the punching plate (21). The number of the punching needles (22) is multiple and they are arranged at equal intervals.

3. The punching mechanism of the mushroom stick inoculation machine according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The punching motor (3) comprises a motor body and a reducer, the reducer being key-connected to the punching shaft (4), and both ends of the punching shaft (4) respectively extending outwards to connect to the punching rocker arm assembly (5).

4. The punching mechanism of the mushroom stick inoculation machine according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The perforated rocker arm assembly (5) comprises a rocker arm 1 (51) and an outer tie rod (52); the rocker arm 1 (51) is in the shape of a disc cam; the rocker arm 1 (51) is connected to the perforated plate (21) via the outer tie rod (52); Fisheye joints are provided between the rocker arm 1 (51) and the outer pull rod (52), and between the outer pull rod (52) and the perforated plate (21).

5. The punching mechanism of the mushroom stick inoculation machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bag pressing plate (6) slides along the slide bar (9), the punching plate (21) and the bag pressing plate (6) are arranged correspondingly up and down, and a hole is opened on the bag pressing plate (6) for the punching needle (22) to penetrate; A compression spring (10) is sleeved on the sliding rod (9) between the inoculation machine frame (1) and the bag pressing plate (6).

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