Portable multifunctional lithium battery automatic power supplementing and equalizing device and method

Abstract

The application provides a portable multifunctional lithium battery automatic power compensation equalization device and method, and belongs to the field of lithium battery after-market maintenance. The portable multifunctional lithium battery automatic power compensation equalization device comprises an outer box body, a touch display screen, a channel connecting hole, an acquisition equalization wire harness, a power supply port, a switch button, a one-key function button, and a power compensation equalization controller, an AC / DC and DC / DC converter installed in the box. The device is provided with two power supply interfaces connected with the AC / DC and DC / DC in the box body, which are used for realizing the power compensation of the device and the power supply of the internal controller. The controller acquires the voltage of the connected battery cell in real time and repairs it according to the corresponding program. Meanwhile, the one-key function button can activate the one-key power compensation function and the one-key repair function. The controller is connected with the external wire harness through the channel connecting hole. The wire harness is an integrated wire harness of the acquisition wire and the equalization wire. The wire harness is connected with the battery cell through the alligator clip at the end. The device does not need to disassemble the battery module, is convenient to carry, easy to operate, low in cost, and high in battery repair efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention mainly relates to the field of lithium battery aftermarket maintenance, specifically a portable multifunctional lithium battery automatic charging and balancing device and method. Background Technology

[0002] Lithium batteries, as a key component of new energy vehicles, have made great progress in the fields of new energy vehicles and electric bicycles. However, due to the limitations of current technology, there are slight differences in battery performance between different batches, which makes the consistency of batteries in the battery pack worse, increases the voltage difference between individual battery cells, and reduces the overall capacity of the battery pack. In addition, abnormal use of vehicles can also lead to premature degradation of the vehicle's power battery.

[0003] Currently, although new energy vehicle power battery packs are designed with balancing functions, most are passive balancing methods with a balancing current of only around 100mA, resulting in poor balancing performance and a high likelihood of inconsistency issues. The most common method for resolving lithium battery voltage differential faults and low driving range is to completely remove all cells for capacity and sorting, a massive undertaking that is difficult for small-batch repairs. Another method is to directly use a charging motor to charge each cell, eliminating inconsistency issues and achieving balancing. However, such devices have numerous power modules, are bulky, expensive, and not easily portable, limiting their application, especially in the aftermarket repair of electric bicycles. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a portable, multifunctional lithium battery automatic charging and balancing device and method. This system aims to solve the problems of large size, high price, and difficulty in small-batch repair of existing products, thereby reducing repair costs and improving repair efficiency.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention employs the following technical solution:

[0006] A portable multifunctional lithium battery automatic charging and balancing device and method includes a housing. A power supply interface is located at the rear of the housing, including an AC power interface and a DC power interface. Several channel connection holes are located at the front of the housing, through which a data acquisition and balancing harness is installed. Alligator clips are attached to the front ends of the balancing harness. A touchscreen display is located at the front of the housing. Three function buttons are located on one side of the touchscreen display: a one-key repair button, a one-key charging button, and a power switch button. Handles are located on both sides of the front of the housing. The touchscreen display shows information options including "Overall Information," "Individual Cell Voltage," "Individual Cell Temperature," "Serial Count Setting," "Parameter Setting," and "Historical Faults."

[0007] The AC power interface voltage is 220V, and the DC power interface voltage is 7-28V.

[0008] The enclosure contains a control module and an AC / DC power conversion module. The AC / DC power conversion module has a power output of 200-600W. Both the AC power interface and the DC power interface are connected to the AC / DC power conversion module. The AC power interface is used to supply power when the battery cells are being charged, and the DC power interface is used to supply power to the internal controller. The AC power interface and the DC power interface can be used individually or together.

[0009] The channel connection hole is detachably mounted on the front of the device using a movable interface. The control module is connected inside the channel connection hole, and the battery cell to be repaired is connected to the outside of the channel connection hole through a data acquisition equalization harness.

[0010] The control module includes a sampling control board and an active equalization power board. The sampling control board is used for voltage sampling and system control.

[0011] The method of using this device is as follows: Select the appropriate power supply method according to the power supply conditions. After the device is connected to the power supply, use alligator clips to connect to the positive and negative terminals of the battery cells to be repaired in sequence according to the number of cells to be repaired. After connecting the equalization harness, turn on the switch button to start the device.

[0012] The battery cell charging method is as follows: The charging current, maximum charging voltage, and differential voltage protection parameters are set sequentially through the touch screen. After clicking to confirm, the device starts working after 5 seconds. If the set parameters do not change, simply press the one-button charging button to start working. The charging method adopts a three-stage charging. The sampling control board optimizes the charging current in real time according to the sampling voltage. If the differential voltage exceeds the equalization differential voltage ΔV ≥ 10mV at the end of charging, the equalization program is automatically started to equalize the battery cells with large differential voltage until the differential voltage is less than the equalization differential voltage, thus completing the battery cell charging.

[0013] The cell balancing method is active balancing, with two startup methods: First, after setting the balancing parameters, click "Confirm" and the device will automatically start after 5 seconds. Second, if the parameters remain unchanged, simply press the "One-Click Repair Button" to start. The balancing parameters need to be set according to different cell types, including "Maximum Balancing Voltage," "Minimum Balancing Voltage," "Minimum Balancing Voltage Difference," "Balancing Current," and "Maximum Individual Cell Voltage." The active balancing uses a high-voltage cell to charge a low-voltage cell for balancing, with a balancing current of 1-5A. The sampling control board collects cell voltage in real time through the active balancing voltage simulation sampling circuit, performing a voltage judgment every 10 seconds of balancing until the cell balancing voltage difference ΔV < 10mV, at which point cell balancing is complete.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0015] Based on practical application requirements, this invention ingeniously integrates a small, low-cost, and highly efficient multi-winding planar transformer with a sampling controller. Based on active balancing technology, it develops a low-cost, high-efficiency, multi-functional automatic lithium battery charging and balancing device. This not only reduces the complex process of disassembling battery cells during vehicle maintenance, but also features convenient power supply, user-friendly operation, portability, and wide applicability. It can be widely used in lithium-ion electric vehicles and electric bicycles. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Appendix Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a portable multi-functional lithium battery automatic replenishment and balancing device.

[0017] Appendix Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the power replenishment method for a multi-functional lithium battery automatic power replenishment and balancing device.

[0018] Appendix Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the balancing method for a multi-functional lithium battery automatic charging and balancing device.

[0019] Appendix Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the voltage analog sampling circuit structure of the sampling control board;

[0020] Appendix Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the channel selection circuit structure of the active equalization power board.

[0021] The labels shown in the attached diagram are: 1. Outer casing; 2. AC power interface; 3. DC power interface; 4. Channel connection hole; 5. One-key repair button; 6. One-key power replenishment button; 7. Switch button; 8. Touch screen; 9. Acquisition equalization harness. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The present invention will be further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, it should be understood that after reading the teachings of this invention, those skilled in the art can make various alterations or modifications to the invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined in this application.

[0023] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-5 The present invention will be further illustrated by the embodiments:

[0024] Appendix Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of a portable multi-functional lithium battery automatic charging and balancing device. The system includes an outer casing 1, an AC power interface 2, a DC power interface 3, channel connection holes 4, a one-key repair button 5, a one-key charging button 6, a switch button 7, a touch screen display 8, and a data acquisition and balancing harness 9. The outer casing 1 is made of metal or non-metal, and its dimensions are designed according to the commonly used 12-channel configuration, with an external dimension not exceeding 250*350*150mm. The touch screen display 8 is the main parameter setting and display component of the device. It automatically displays the main page upon power-on, and the main page display options include, but are not limited to, "Overall Information," "Individual Cell Voltage," "Individual Cell Temperature," "Serial Number Setting," "Parameter Setting," and "Historical Faults." When the device is working, the main page automatically jumps to display the current parameters, including but not limited to individual cell voltage, current, and main contactor status.

[0025] The "Overall Information", "Individual Cell Voltage", and "Individual Cell Temperature" are parameter display options that display the overall information, individual cell voltage, temperature, and other information of the connected cells. The "Number of Serial Cells Setting" is a parameter setting option that allows for channel confirmation and number of serial cells setting according to actual conditions to meet actual connection requirements. The "Parameter Setting" is used to set process control parameters such as overvoltage protection, differential voltage range, and equalization current.

[0026] The switch button 7 and the one-key function button are physical buttons embedded on the front panel. The switch button 7 is the main switch of the device, which controls the power supply to all electrical components. The one-key function button includes two buttons: "one-key power replenishment button 6" and "one-key repair button 5". The "one-key power replenishment button 6" is used to directly start the automatic power replenishment function, which automatically replenishes the connected battery cells according to the program settings parameters and performs equalization processing at the end of the power replenishment. The "one-key repair button 5" is used to directly start the automatic equalization and repair function, which automatically equalizes the connected battery cells according to the program settings parameters.

[0027] The power supply port includes two interfaces: a 220V AC power interface 2 and a 7-28V DC power interface 3. The AC power interface 2 is connected to the internal AC / DC conversion power module of the device and is used for power supply when the battery cells are recharged. The AC / DC power module has a power of at least 200W. The DC power interface 3 is connected to the internal DC / DC power module of the device and is used for power supply to the internal controller. The two power interfaces can be used individually or together.

[0028] The channel connection hole 4 is embedded in the end face of the device and is a detachable movable interface. It is internally connected to the control module and externally connected to the battery cell under maintenance through the acquisition equalization harness 9.

[0029] The control module includes a sampling control board and an active balancing power board. The sampling control board is used for voltage sampling and system control. The system control uses a Freescale chip, and the battery sampling uses a Linear Technology dedicated chip. The active balancing power board adopts active balancing technology and uses a multi-winding high-efficiency planar transformer, which is small in size and high in power.

[0030] A portable, multi-functional lithium battery automatic charging and balancing method includes the following steps:

[0031] Determine the power supply type based on the site requirements. Connect the battery cell to the 220V AC power interface 2 for battery cell charging. Both power supplies can be used for battery cell balancing. Depending on the number of battery cells to be repaired, use alligator clips to clamp the positive and negative terminals of the battery cells to be repaired in sequence, without exceeding the device limits. Connect the balancing harness 9, turn on the switch button 7, and start the device.

[0032] The battery cell charging method is characterized in that after connection and power-on, parameters such as charging current, maximum charging voltage, and differential voltage protection are set through the touch screen 8. After clicking to confirm, the device starts working after 5 seconds. If the set parameters do not change, the device can start working by pressing the "one-click charging button 6". The charging method adopts a three-stage charging. The sampling control board optimizes the charging current in real time according to the sampling voltage. If the differential voltage exceeds the equalization differential voltage ΔV≥10mV at the end of charging, the equalization program is automatically started to equalize the battery cells with large differential voltage until the differential voltage is less than the equalization differential voltage.

[0033] The cell balancing method is characterized by being an active balancing mechanism with two startup methods: first, after setting the balancing parameters, the device automatically starts after 5 seconds of confirmation; second, if the parameters remain unchanged, simply press the "One-Click Repair Button 5" to start the device. The balancing parameters need to be set according to different cell types, mainly including "maximum balancing voltage," "minimum balancing voltage," "minimum balancing voltage difference," "balancing current," and "maximum single-cell voltage." The active balancing method uses a high-voltage cell to charge a low-voltage cell for balancing, with a balancing current of 1-5A. The sampling control board collects the cell voltage in real time through an active balancing voltage simulation sampling circuit, performing a voltage judgment every 10 seconds of balancing until the cell balancing voltage difference ΔV < 10mV.

Claims

1. A portable multifunctional lithium battery automatic power supplementing and equalizing device comprising a box body (1), characterized in that: The box (1) rear part is provided with power supply interface, the power supply interface includes AC power interface (2), DC power interface (3), the box (1) front part is provided with a plurality of channel connecting hole (4), the channel connecting hole (4) is installed in the collection equalization harness (9), the equalization harness (9) front end is provided with crocodile clip, the box (1) front part is provided with touch display screen (8), the box (1) front part touch display screen (8) one side is provided with three function buttons, the function button includes one-key repair button (5), one-key power supply button (6), switch button (7), the box (1) front part both sides are provided with handle, the touch display screen (8) display information options include "overall information", "single voltage", "single temperature", "string number setting", "parameter setting", "history fault"; The use method of the device is: according to the power supply condition, select the appropriate power supply mode, connect the positive and negative poles of the battery to be repaired in order by crocodile clip according to the number of battery to be repaired after the device is connected to the power supply, turn on the switch button (7) after connecting the equalization harness (9), start the device; The battery power supply method: set the charging current, maximum charging voltage and pressure difference protection parameter through the touch display screen (8), click confirm for 5 seconds, then the equipment starts to work, if the parameter setting has no change, press the one-key power supply button (6) directly to work, the power supply method adopts three-stage charging, the sampling control board optimizes the charging current in real time according to the sampling voltage, if the pressure difference exceeds the equalization pressure difference AV≥10mV at the end of charging, the equalization program is automatically started to equalize the battery with large pressure difference, until the pressure difference is less than the equalization pressure difference, the battery power supply is completed; The battery equalization method: the battery equalization method is active equalization, which has the following two starting methods, one is to click confirm for 5 seconds after setting the equalization parameters, and the equipment is started automatically, the second is to press the "one-key repair button (5)" directly if the parameter has no change, the equalization parameters need to be set according to different types of batteries, including "maximum equalization voltage", "minimum equalization voltage", "minimum equalization pressure difference", "equalization current" and "single voltage maximum value", the active equalization adopts the method of charging the low-voltage battery with the high-voltage battery, the equalization current is 1-5A, the sampling control board collects the battery voltage in real time through the active equalization voltage analog sampling circuit, voltage judgment is performed every 10 seconds, until the battery equalization pressure difference AV<10mV, the battery equalization is completed.

2. The portable multifunction lithium battery automatic power supplementing and equalizing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The AC power interface (2) voltage is 220V, and the DC power interface (3) power supply is 7-28V.

3. The portable multifunction lithium battery automatic power supplementing and equalizing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The box (1) is internally provided with a control module and an AC / DC conversion power module, the power of the AC / DC conversion power module is 200-600W, the AC power interface (2) and the DC power interface (3) are connected with the AC / DC conversion power module, the AC power interface (2) is used for power supply when the battery cell is recharged, the DC power interface (3) is used for power supply of the internal controller, the AC power interface (2) and the DC power interface (3) can be used separately or together.

4. The portable multifunction lithium battery automatic power compensation equalizer of claim 3, wherein: The channel connecting hole (4) is movably mounted at the front of the device through a detachable movable interface, the channel connecting hole (4) is internally connected with the control module, and the channel connecting hole (4) is externally connected with the battery cell to be maintained through the collection equalization wire harness (9).

5. The portable multifunction lithium battery automatic power supplementing and equalizing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The control module comprises a sampling control board and an active equalization power board, and the sampling control board is used for voltage sampling and system control.

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