Piston type water and soil pressure control steel sleeve for shield receiving and construction method

Abstract

The embodiment of the present invention provides a piston-type water and soil pressure control steel sleeve for receiving a shield, including a sleeve, a base and a reaction frame, and also including a piston cover plate and a driving device. The piston cover plate is inserted from the other end of the sleeve and is slidably sealed with the sleeve. The driving device is horizontally fixedly connected between the reaction frame and the piston cover plate. The telescopic direction of the driving device is parallel to the axis of the sleeve, and the driving piston cover plate slides along the axial direction of the sleeve in the sleeve. The solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention uses the water injection port on the sleeve to realize water pressure control during pressure regulation, and realizes soil pressure control through the driving device and the piston cover plate. The combination of the two realizes precise control of water and soil pressure; the water pressure and soil pressure in the sleeve are independently controlled respectively, and the water and soil pressure regulation range is larger; after the horizontal water and soil pressure in the sleeve is transmitted to the piston cover plate, the driving device actively applies force to bear the pressure relief, and the stress at the connection between the sleeve end and the shield tunnel portal is reduced to prevent water leakage at this position.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of shield construction, and in particular to a piston-type water and soil pressure control steel sleeve for shield reception and a construction method. Background Art

[0002] The risk control of shield machine receiving construction is particularly critical in the entire subway shield construction process. At present, the commonly used methods to improve the safety of shield receiving construction include: stratum reinforcement around the tunnel portal, underwater receiving method, NOMST method and steel sleeve receiving method.

[0003] Among them, the steel sleeve receiving method has little impact on the surrounding environment, is safe and reliable, and saves space. It has been widely used in shield tunnel projects in water-rich soft soil strata at home and abroad. The conventional shield receiving steel sleeve is mainly a circular "bucket-type" structure with an open end and a sealed bottom at the other end. The open end is connected to the pre-buried annular steel plate of the tunnel portal to form a closed container. The container is filled with sand and water to form and maintain a certain pressure to balance the water and soil pressure of the stratum to the inside of the steel sleeve when the shield is receiving.

[0004] During the construction process, the control of the water and soil pressure balance between the filling material in the sleeve and the stratum is the key to determining whether the shield machine can be successfully received. Improper handling can easily cause engineering accidents such as water gushing, sand gushing and collapse. During the process of conventional shield machines breaking through the tunnel portal and excavating in the steel sleeve, they can only roughly control the water and soil pressure of the filling material in the steel sleeve as a whole, and the pressure adjustment range is also small. It is impossible to accurately control the dynamic balance of water pressure and soil pressure between the stratum and the filling material in the sleeve. In addition, the connection between the opening end of the steel sleeve and the pre-buried annular steel plate of the tunnel portal is subject to increased tension, which is prone to water leakage accidents. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides a piston-type water and soil pressure control steel sleeve for shield receiving and a construction method.

[0006] One aspect of the present invention provides a piston-type water and soil pressure control steel sleeve for shield reception, including a sleeve, a base and a reaction frame, wherein the sleeve is fixed on the base, one end of the sleeve is sealed with the shield tunnel portal, the reaction frame is vertically pressed against the bottom plate and the middle plate of the shield tunnel, and also includes a piston cover plate and a driving device, the piston cover plate is inserted into the other end of the sleeve and is slidably sealed with the sleeve, the driving device is horizontally fixedly connected between the reaction frame and the piston cover plate, the telescopic direction of the driving device is parallel to the axis of the sleeve, and the driving piston cover plate slides in the sleeve along the axial direction of the sleeve.

[0007] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: when regulating the pressure, the water pressure is controlled by the water injection port on the sleeve, and the soil pressure is controlled by the driving device and the piston cover plate, and the combination of the two can realize the precise control of the water and soil pressure before and after the portal is broken and during the shield receiving process; in addition, the water pressure and soil pressure in the sleeve are independently controlled, and the water and soil pressure adjustment range is larger, which can meet the water and soil pressure balance requirements of the shield receiving in ultra-deep burial, high-pressure water and frequency-changing strata; after the horizontal water and soil pressure in the sleeve is transmitted to the piston cover plate, the driving device actively applies force to bear the pressure relief, and the stress at the connection between the sleeve end and the shield tunnel portal is greatly reduced, preventing water leakage at this position.

[0008] Optionally, the piston cover plate includes a cover plate body, a rib plate is arranged on the outer side surface of the cover plate body, a pressure plate is arranged on the rib plate, a positioning ring is fixed along the outer periphery of the cover plate body, a water stop ring is sleeved on the positioning ring, and a driving device horizontally connects the pressure plate and the reaction frame.

[0009] Optionally, the sleeve is formed by annular components being assembled axially in sequence, wherein an annular flange is installed at the barrel openings where adjacent annular components are connected to each other, and the adjacent annular components are fixedly connected by the annular flange and bolts.

[0010] Optionally, the annular component is formed by two upper and lower semi-annular components that are tightly fastened relative to each other, wherein a longitudinal flange is installed on the sides of the two semi-annular components that are connected to each other, and the upper and lower semi-annular components are fixedly connected by the longitudinal flange and bolts.

[0011] Optionally, the annular component includes a transition ring, a standard ring, a packing ring and a shorting ring;

[0012] The tube opening on one side of the transition ring is sealed and connected to the shield tunnel portal, a sand filling port and a water injection port are arranged on the packing ring, and the piston cover plate is inserted from the tube opening on one side of the short-circuit ring.

[0013] Optionally, ribs are provided on the outer wall of the annular component in both the circumferential direction and the axial direction.

[0014] Optionally, a diagonal brace is fixedly connected between the reaction frame and the bottom plate of the shield tunnel.

[0015] Optionally, the base includes a plurality of vertically arranged load-bearing plates, the top surfaces of the load-bearing plates are arc-shaped, and connecting strips are fixedly connected between the load-bearing plates.

[0016] Another aspect provided by the embodiment of the present invention further provides a construction method for receiving a shield using the piston-type water and soil pressure control steel sleeve, comprising:

[0017] Level and harden the construction site, transport the load-bearing plates and contact strips included in the base to the designated location of the construction site, and complete the erection and fixing of the base;

[0018] Determine the number of standard rings according to the design requirements, use the base as the installation platform, assemble and connect the lower semi-ring components of each ring component including the transition ring, standard ring, filler ring and short-circuit ring in sequence according to the design sequence, complete the assembly of the lower half sleeve, and place the transition ring of the lower half sleeve against the shield tunnel portal;

[0019] Put the piston cover plate steadily into the short-circuit ring of the lower sleeve and temporarily fix the piston cover plate;

[0020] Assemble and connect the upper semi-annular components of various annular components including the transition ring, the standard ring, the packing ring and the short-circuit ring in sequence according to the design sequence to complete the assembly of the upper sleeve, connect and fix the upper sleeve and the lower sleeve to form a complete sleeve, and then clamp the piston cover plate in the sleeve;

[0021] Weld the mouth of the transition ring of the sleeve to the embedded parts at the shield tunnel portal, and apply waterproof material to the weld to seal it;

[0022] A reaction frame is set up between the bottom plate and the middle plate of the shield tunnel, a driving device is fixed on the reaction frame, an output end of the driving device is fixedly connected to the pressure plate of the piston cover plate, and a diagonal brace is fixed between the middle of the reaction frame and the bottom plate;

[0023] Fill sand and water into the sleeve through the sand filling port and water injection port on the packing ring. During the filling process, bury the soil pressure gauge and pore water pressure gauge. After filling, seal the sand filling port.

[0024] Before breaking the tunnel gate, adjust the water injection port pressure and the size and direction of the driving force of the driving device to achieve pressure regulation. During the pressure regulation process, continuously monitor the data of the soil pressure gauge and pore water pressure gauge in the sleeve to ensure that the water pressure and soil pressure in the sleeve meet the design requirements and keep the pressure stable.

[0025] After the tunnel door is broken, adjust the driving force of the driving device and the pressure of the water injection port to restore the balance of water pressure and soil pressure in the sleeve;

[0026] During the shield tunneling process in the sleeve, the driving force of the drive device and the water injection port pressure are monitored and adjusted in real time to maintain the dynamic balance of water and soil pressure during tunneling until the shield is received. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, constitute a part of the present application, and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0028] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a piston-type water and soil pressure control steel sleeve for receiving a shield provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2A schematic structural diagram of a piston cover plate provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a piston cover plate provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a sleeve provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram of a base provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Among them, sleeve 1, base 2, reaction frame 3, piston cover plate 4, drive device 5, cover plate body 6, rib plate 7, pressure plate 8, positioning ring 9, water stop ring 10, transition ring 11, standard ring 12, packing ring 13, short-circuit ring 14, sand filling port 15, water injection port 16, diagonal brace 17, load-bearing plate 18, connecting strip 19. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments and the accompanying drawings. Here, the illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0035] See also Figure 1 A piston-type water and soil pressure control steel sleeve for shield receiving provided in an embodiment of the present invention comprises a sleeve 1, a base 2 and a reaction frame 3, wherein the sleeve 1 is fixed on the base 2, the base 2 is horizontally placed on a flat ground to support and fix the sleeve 1, the sleeve 1 is coaxial with the circular section of the shield tunnel, one end of the sleeve 1 is sealed and connected to the shield tunnel portal, the reaction frame 3 is vertically pressed against the bottom plate and the middle plate of the shield tunnel, and also comprises a piston cover plate 4 and a driving device 5, the piston cover plate 4 is inserted from the other end of the sleeve 1 and is slidably sealed with the sleeve 1, the driving device 5 is horizontally fixedly connected between the reaction frame 3 and the piston cover plate 4, the telescopic direction of the driving device 5 is parallel to the axis of the sleeve 1, and the driving piston cover plate 4 is axially slidable in the sleeve 1 along the sleeve 1.

[0036] In practice, the driving device 5 can be a jack, an electric cylinder, a pneumatic cylinder or the like.

[0037] See also Figure 2 and Figure 3In the implementation, the piston cover plate 4 includes a cover plate body 6, a rib plate 7 is arranged on the outer surface of the cover plate body 6, a pressure plate 8 is arranged on the rib plate 7, a positioning ring 9 is fixed along the outer periphery of the cover plate body 6, a water stop ring 10 is sleeved on the positioning ring 9, and the driving device 5 horizontally connects the pressure plate 8 and the reaction frame 3. Specifically, the positioning ring 9 is vertically welded to the circular bottom surface of the cover plate body 6 along the axial direction, the outer diameter of the positioning ring 9 is equal to the diameter of the cover plate body 6, and is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the sleeve 1. A plurality of water stop rings 10 are sleeved on the positioning ring 9 to achieve sliding sealing with the sleeve 1.

[0038] See also Figure 4 In practice, the sleeve 1 is assembled axially in sequence by annular components, and the axes of the annular components are colinear, wherein annular flanges are installed at the tube mouths where adjacent annular components are connected to each other, and the adjacent annular components are fixedly connected by annular flanges and bolts.

[0039] In one implementation, the annular component can be formed by two upper and lower semi-annular components that are tightly fastened relative to each other, wherein a longitudinal flange is installed on the sides of the two semi-annular components that are connected to each other, and the upper and lower semi-annular components are fixedly connected by the longitudinal flange and bolts.

[0040] Specifically, the annular component includes a transition ring 11, a standard ring 12, a packing ring 13 and a short-circuit ring 14; the standard ring 12 is an annular component with a standard axial length and is a standard part. During construction, the number of standard rings 12 is determined according to the design length of the sleeve 1; the transition ring 11 is shorter than the standard ring 12, and only one side of the barrel mouth is installed with an annular flange, and the other side of the barrel mouth is sealed and connected to the shield tunnel portal; the packing ring 13 is provided with a sand filling port 15 and a water injection port 16, and the short-circuit ring 14 is a length supplement provided to adapt to the specific design length of the sleeve 1, and the piston cover plate 5 is inserted from one side of the barrel mouth of the short-circuit ring 14.

[0041] Ribs 7 are provided on the outer wall of the annular component in both the circumferential direction and the axial direction to enhance the strength of the annular component.

[0042] A diagonal brace 17 is fixedly connected between the reaction frame 3 and the bottom plate of the shield tunnel to increase the firmness of the reaction frame 3 .

[0043] See also Figure 5 The base 2 includes a plurality of vertically arranged load-bearing plates 18 , the top surface of the load-bearing plates 18 is in an arc shape, the arc diameter is equal to or slightly larger than the outer diameter of the annular ribs on the surface of the sleeve 1 , and connecting strips 19 are fixedly connected between the load-bearing plates 18 .

[0044] When the piston-type water and soil pressure control steel sleeve is used for shield receiving in the embodiment of the present invention, it is necessary to level and harden the construction site, transport the load-bearing plate 17 and the connection bar 18 included in the base 2 to the designated position of the construction site, and complete the erection and fixation of the base 2;

[0045] Determine the number of standard rings 12 according to design requirements, use the base 2 as the installation platform, assemble and connect the lower semi-annular components of each annular component including the transition ring 11, the standard ring 12, the packing ring 13 and the short-circuit ring 14 in sequence according to the design sequence, complete the assembly of the lower half sleeve, and place the transition ring of the lower half sleeve against the shield tunnel portal;

[0046] Put the piston cover plate 4 steadily into the short-circuit ring of the lower sleeve, and temporarily fix the piston cover plate 4;

[0047] The upper semi-annular components of the annular components including the transition ring 11, the standard ring 12, the packing ring 13 and the short-circuit ring 14 are assembled and connected in sequence according to the design sequence to complete the assembly of the upper sleeve, and the upper sleeve and the lower sleeve are connected and fixed to form a complete sleeve 1, and then the piston cover plate 4 is clamped in the sleeve 1;

[0048] The mouth of the transition ring 11 of the sleeve 1 is welded to the embedded part at the shield tunnel portal, and the weld is sealed with waterproof material;

[0049] A reaction frame 3 is set up between the bottom plate and the middle plate of the shield tunnel, a driving device 5 is fixed on the reaction frame 3, an output end of the driving device 5 is fixedly connected to the pressure plate 8 of the piston cover plate 4, and a diagonal brace 17 is fixed between the middle part of the reaction frame 3 and the bottom plate;

[0050] Sand and water are filled into the sleeve 1 through the sand filling port 15 and the water injection port 16 on the packing ring 13. During the filling process, a soil pressure gauge and a pore water pressure gauge are buried. After the filling is completed, the sand filling port 15 is sealed.

[0051] Before breaking the tunnel gate, adjust the pressure of the water injection port 16 and the size and direction of the driving force of the driving device 5 to achieve pressure regulation. During the pressure regulation process, continuously monitor the data of the soil pressure gauge and pore water pressure gauge in the sleeve 1 to make the water pressure and soil pressure in the sleeve 1 meet the design requirements and keep the pressure stable.

[0052] After the tunnel door is broken, the driving force of the driving device 5 and the water injection port pressure are adjusted to restore the balance of water pressure and soil pressure in the sleeve 1;

[0053] During the excavation process of the shield in the sleeve 1, the driving force of the driving device 5 and the water injection port pressure are monitored and adjusted in real time to maintain the dynamic balance of water and soil pressure during excavation until the shield is received.

[0054] Embodiment 1:

[0055] Embodiment background:

[0056] The total length of a subway shield section is 720m, the center elevation of the receiving section tunnel is -16m, and the ground elevation is +4.2m. According to the geological survey report, the shield receiving section is located in the sandy silt layer, which is a confined aquifer and is prone to water and sand gushing accidents under hydrodynamic conditions. In addition, there are multiple Φ450 sewage pipes near the shield receiving section, with the minimum distance from the station being only 3m; the minimum clear distance between the shield receiving tunnel and a river flood control wall is only 4m. In view of the limited construction site conditions and the complex hydrogeological environment, the proposed piston-type water and soil pressure active dynamic control steel sleeve structure is used to complete the shield reception. The construction steps include:

[0057] Step 1: Level and harden the construction site, use a crane to lift the load-bearing plate and connecting bars included in the base into the bottom of the shield shaft, and set up and fix them at the designated location on the site;

[0058] Step 2: Using the base as the installation platform, the crane and manual labor are used to assemble the transition ring (1 ring), standard ring (3 rings), filler ring (1 ring) and the lower half ring of the short-circuit ring (1 ring) in sequence according to the design sequence, and connect them by bolts to form a semi-ring sleeve; the transition ring end of the semi-ring sleeve is against the tunnel door;

[0059] Step 3: Place the piston cover plate steadily into the short-circuit ring end of the assembled half-ring sleeve to temporarily fix the piston cover plate;

[0060] Step 4: Assemble the transition ring, standard ring, packing ring and upper half ring of the short-circuit ring in sequence according to the design sequence, and fix them with the lower half ring by bolts to form a complete sleeve and clamp the piston cover plate;

[0061] Step 5: Weld the sleeve end to the tunnel portal embedded part and seal the weld with waterproof material;

[0062] Step 6: Set up the reaction frame and the diagonal brace, fix the jack on the reaction frame, and adjust the length of the jack until its end contacts the pressure plate of the piston cover plate;

[0063] Step 7: Fill the sleeve with sand and water from the sand filling port and water injection port, bury the soil pressure gauge and pore water pressure gauge, and seal the sand filling port and water injection port. At this point, the shield receiving construction preparation stage is completed;

[0064] Step 8: Before breaking the tunnel door, adjust the jack pressure and the water pressure of the water injection port, and start to continuously monitor the data of the earth pressure gauge and pore water pressure gauge in the sleeve, so that the water pressure and earth pressure in the sleeve meet the design requirements and keep the pressure value stable;

[0065] Step 9: After the tunnel door is broken, adjust the jack pressure and water pressure at the water injection port according to the changes in the monitoring data of the soil pressure gauge and pore water pressure gauge to quickly restore the balance of water pressure and soil pressure;

[0066] Step 10: During the tunneling process of the shield machine in the sleeve, the jack pressure and the water pressure at the water injection port are monitored and adjusted in real time to maintain the dynamic balance of water and soil pressure during the tunneling process until the shield machine is received;

[0067] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A piston-type water and soil pressure control steel sleeve for receiving a shield machine, comprising a sleeve, a base and a reaction frame, wherein: The sleeve is fixed on the base, and one end of the sleeve is sealed and connected to the shield tunnel portal. The reaction frame is vertically pressed against the bottom plate and the middle plate of the shield tunnel. It is characterized in that it also includes a piston cover plate and a driving device. The piston cover plate is inserted from the other end of the sleeve and is slidably sealed with the sleeve. The driving device is horizontally fixed and connected between the reaction frame and the piston cover plate. The telescopic direction of the driving device is parallel to the axis of the sleeve, and the driving piston cover plate slides axially in the sleeve. When regulating the pressure, the water pressure is controlled by the water injection port on the sleeve, and the soil pressure is controlled by the driving device and the piston cover plate. The combination of the two realizes precise control of the water and soil pressure before and after the portal is broken and during the shield receiving process. In addition, the water pressure and soil pressure in the sleeve are independently controlled, and the water and soil pressure adjustment range is larger, which can meet the water and soil pressure balance requirements of the shield receiving in ultra-deep buried, high-pressure water and frequency-changing strata.

2. The piston-type water and soil pressure control steel sleeve for shield receiving as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: The piston cover plate includes a cover plate body, a rib plate is arranged on the outer side of the cover plate body, a pressure plate is arranged on the rib plate, a positioning ring is fixed along the outer periphery of the cover plate body, a water stop ring is sleeved on the positioning ring, and a driving device horizontally connects the pressure plate and the reaction frame.

3. The piston-type water and soil pressure control steel sleeve for shield receiving as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: The sleeve is formed by axially assembling annular components in sequence, wherein annular flanges are installed at the barrel openings where adjacent annular components are connected to each other, and adjacent annular components are fixedly connected by the annular flanges and bolts.

4. The piston-type water and soil pressure control steel sleeve for shield receiving as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: The annular component is formed by two upper and lower semi-annular components being fastened and fixed relative to each other, wherein a longitudinal flange is installed on the sides of the two semi-annular components connected to each other, and the upper and lower semi-annular components are fixedly connected by the longitudinal flange and bolts.

5. The piston-type water and soil pressure control steel sleeve for shield receiving as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: The annular components include transition rings, standard rings, packing rings and short-circuit rings; The tube opening on one side of the transition ring is sealed and connected to the shield tunnel portal, a sand filling port and a water injection port are arranged on the packing ring, and the piston cover plate is inserted from the tube opening on one side of the short-circuit ring.

6. The piston-type water and soil pressure control steel sleeve for shield receiving as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: The outer wall of the annular component is provided with ribs in the annular direction and the axial direction.

7. The piston-type water and soil pressure control steel sleeve for shield receiving as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: The reaction frame is fixedly connected to the bottom plate of the shield tunnel with a diagonal brace.

8. The piston-type water and soil pressure control steel sleeve for shield receiving as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: The base comprises a plurality of vertically arranged load-bearing plates, the top surfaces of the load-bearing plates are arc-shaped, and connecting strips are fixedly connected between the load-bearing plates.

9. A construction method for receiving a shield using the piston-type water and soil pressure control steel sleeve according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: include: Level and harden the construction site, transport the load-bearing plates and contact strips included in the base to the designated location of the construction site, and complete the erection and fixing of the base; Determine the number of standard rings according to the design requirements, use the base as the installation platform, assemble and connect the lower semi-ring components of each ring component including the transition ring, standard ring, filler ring and short-circuit ring in sequence according to the design sequence, complete the assembly of the lower half sleeve, and place the transition ring of the lower half sleeve against the shield tunnel portal; Put the piston cover plate steadily into the short-circuit ring of the lower sleeve and temporarily fix the piston cover plate; Assemble and connect the upper semi-annular components of various annular components including the transition ring, the standard ring, the packing ring and the short-circuit ring in sequence according to the design sequence to complete the assembly of the upper sleeve, connect and fix the upper sleeve and the lower sleeve to form a complete sleeve, and then clamp the piston cover plate in the sleeve; Weld the mouth of the transition ring of the sleeve to the embedded parts at the shield tunnel portal, and apply waterproof material to the weld to seal it; A reaction frame is set up between the bottom plate and the middle plate of the shield tunnel, a driving device is fixed on the reaction frame, an output end of the driving device is fixedly connected to the pressure plate of the piston cover plate, and a diagonal brace is fixed between the middle of the reaction frame and the bottom plate; Fill sand and water into the sleeve through the sand filling port and water injection port on the packing ring. During the filling process, bury the soil pressure gauge and pore water pressure gauge. After filling, seal the sand filling port. Before breaking the tunnel gate, adjust the water injection port pressure and the size and direction of the driving force of the driving device to achieve pressure regulation. During the pressure regulation process, continuously monitor the data of the soil pressure gauge and pore water pressure gauge in the sleeve to ensure that the water pressure and soil pressure in the sleeve meet the design requirements and keep the pressure stable. After the tunnel door is broken, adjust the driving force of the driving device and the pressure of the water injection port to restore the balance of water pressure and soil pressure in the sleeve; During the shield tunneling process in the sleeve, the driving force of the drive device and the water injection port pressure are monitored and adjusted in real time to maintain the dynamic balance of water and soil pressure during tunneling until the shield is received.

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