A wax model laser marking machine and marking method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a wax model laser marking machine, comprising: a laser marking head; a controller, the controller is electrically connected to the laser marking head; further comprising: a fixture mounting platform, the laser marking head corresponds to the position of a workpiece to be processed on the fixture mounting platform; an XY axis moving mechanism, the fixture mounting platform is connected to the XY axis moving mechanism, and the XY axis moving mechanism is electrically connected to the controller; wherein the central wavelength of the laser marking head is between 780nm and 1100nm, and the pulse time of the laser marking head is 10 ‑11 s~10 ‑12 s, the pulse frequency of the laser marking head is 100kHz~300kHz, the average power of the laser marking head is 10W~30W, and the marking time of the laser marking head is 10s~30s. This solves the problems of easy wrong marking, poor marking effect and low marking efficiency in the prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of wax model marking, and in particular to a wax model laser marking machine and a marking method. Background Art

[0002] In the field of precision casting, parts are often produced through wax mold pressing, wax mold combination, shell mold preparation, casting and post-processing, which are characterized by complex process flow and long production cycle. Among them, wax mold pressing and combination are essential processes. The pressed wax mold parts need to be combined with wax mold parts such as runners to form wax mold modules according to design requirements. Due to the complex production process and long cycle, in order to improve the traceability of parts and improve the product qualification rate, before the wax mold parts are combined, it is often necessary to engrave a unique traceable mark on the surface, such as production date, module number, part number and processing personnel code.

[0003] There are two traditional methods for marking the surface of wax mold parts. One is to use mold inserts to mark manually, and the other is to mark manually. However, the above two marking methods have the following problems:

[0004] 1) It is easy to make the wrong number. The mold insert marking method requires manual change of the module number and production date, etc. Due to manual misoperation or forgetfulness, the marking is easy to be confused. The manual marking method is that the operator holds a marking pen and simulates writing to mark the surface of the wax mold part. Before marking, the operator often needs to register the number first. In the case of multiple varieties, multiple people operating at the same time and fatigue, it is easy to form duplicate numbers or confused numbers;

[0005] 2) The marking effect is poor, especially the hand-carved marks are of different depths and the handwriting is not standardized, which can easily lead to problems such as misrecognition;

[0006] 3) The marking efficiency is low. The two traditional marking methods require operations such as handwriting or changing the module number, which makes it difficult to achieve automated marking and has low marking efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0007] In order to solve the above shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a wax model laser marking machine and a marking method.

[0008] The technical solution of the present invention is: a wax model laser marking machine, comprising:

[0009] Laser marking head;

[0010] A controller, the controller being electrically connected to the laser marking head;

[0011] Also includes:

[0012] A fixture mounting table, wherein the laser marking head corresponds to the position of the workpiece to be processed on the fixture mounting table;

[0013] An XY axis moving mechanism, the fixture mounting platform is connected to the XY axis moving mechanism, and the XY axis moving mechanism is electrically connected to the controller;

[0014] The central wavelength of the laser marking head is between 780nm and 1100nm, and the pulse time of the laser marking head is 10 -11 s~10 -12 s, the pulse frequency of the laser marking head is 100kHz~300kHz, the average power of the laser marking head is 10W~30W, and the marking time of the laser marking head is 10s~30s.

[0015] Furthermore, the fixture mounting platform is a rectangular box body with the top plate and one of the side plates removed, the position of the removed side plate is the feed port, the side plate opposite to the removed side plate is the first side plate, the side plate perpendicular to the removed side plate is the second side plate, and the distance between the two second side plates matches the fixture width;

[0016] The fixture installation platform also includes a fixture support plate, which includes two pieces. The fixture support plate is fixedly connected to the opposite surfaces of the two second clamping plates, and the upper surface of the fixture support plate is parallel to the bottom plate of the fixture installation platform.

[0017] Furthermore, it also includes:

[0018] A feeding mechanism, wherein a conveyor belt is provided on the feeding mechanism, and first guide plates are provided on the feeding mechanism located on both sides of the conveyor belt, the spacing between the first guide plates matches the width of the fixture, the height of the conveyor belt matches the height of the support plate, the feeding direction of the conveyor belt is parallel to the first side plate, and when the XY-axis moving mechanism is at the end of any one of the XY moving axes, the end of the conveyor belt is aligned with the feeding port for one of the positions of the XY-axis moving mechanism.

[0019] Furthermore, it also includes:

[0020] The inner conveying mechanism is arranged in the fixture mounting platform, the upper surface of the inner conveying mechanism coincides with the upper surface of the fixture support plate, and the conveying direction of the inner conveying mechanism is parallel to the feeding direction of the conveyor belt.

[0021] Furthermore, it also includes:

[0022] The second guide plate is fixedly connected to the upper surfaces of the two second side plates, the spacing between the second guide plates matches the width of the clamp, and the spacing between the two opposite side surfaces of the second guide plate near the feed port gradually increases as it approaches the feed port.

[0023] Furthermore, the distance between two opposite side surfaces at the end of the first guide plate close to the fixture mounting platform gradually increases as it approaches the fixture mounting platform.

[0024] Furthermore, it also includes:

[0025] A first photoelectric sensor, which is arranged at an end of the feeding mechanism close to the fixture mounting table, the first photoelectric sensor is electrically connected to the controller, and the feeding mechanism is electrically connected to the controller;

[0026] A second photoelectric sensor is arranged on a surface of the first side plate close to the feed port, the second photoelectric sensor is electrically connected to the controller, and the internal conveying mechanism is electrically connected to the controller.

[0027] Furthermore, it also includes:

[0028] A lifting mechanism, wherein the lifting mechanism is fixedly connected to the bottom plate and is electrically connected to the controller;

[0029] A fixing platform is provided with more than two fixing protrusions, and the fixing protrusions match the grooves on the lower surface of the clamp.

[0030] A wax model laser marking method, the method comprising the following steps:

[0031] S01. Place the wax model in the fixture and turn on the conveyor belt;

[0032] S02, the conveyor belt and the internal conveying mechanism are started and stopped according to the following rules:

[0033] If the first photoelectric sensor and the second photoelectric sensor detect a blocking signal at the same time, the controller controls the conveyor belt and the inner conveying mechanism to stop;

[0034] If the first photoelectric sensor detects a blocking signal and the second photoelectric sensor detects a non-blocking signal, the controller controls the conveyor belt and the inner conveying mechanism to start;

[0035] If the first photoelectric sensor detects a non-blocking signal and the second photoelectric sensor detects a blocking signal, the controller controls the conveyor belt to start and the internal conveying mechanism to stop;

[0036] If the first photoelectric sensor detects a no-blocking signal and the second photoelectric sensor detects a no-blocking signal, the controller controls the conveyor belt to start and the internal conveying mechanism to stop;

[0037] S03. After the second photoelectric sensor detects the blocking signal, the controller controls the lifting mechanism to the set position, the XY axis moving mechanism moves the fixture position according to the set marking program, and the laser marking head marks according to the set marking program.

[0038] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: compared with the prior art,

[0039] 1) The present invention uses a central wavelength between 780nm and 1100nm, and a pulse time of 10 -11 s~10 -12 s, pulse frequency of 100kHz~300kHz, average power of 10W~30W, marking time of 10s~30s, laser marking head is used to mark the wax model. The wax model material where the laser is irradiated will produce an electric field intensity far higher than the Coulomb point field, so that the irradiated wax model material is instantly ionized into plasma, and the wax model material lattice is removed before it has time to scatter, thus achieving a cold processing effect. This technology will not generate heat for wax model marking, and will not cause thermal corrosion problems. The marking depth is consistent and the marking effect is good. Since the marking command is output through the controller, the marking font can be standardized, and the automatic arrangement of the marking number can be realized through controller programming, the probability of marking the wrong number is lower, and the marking efficiency is higher;

[0040] 2) The present invention controls the movement of the XY axis moving mechanism through a controller to achieve the replacement of different wax models, thereby achieving marking of multiple wax models at one time, with higher marking efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 This is the effect of using the present invention to magnify the wax film marking picture 20 times;

[0042] Figure 2 This is the effect of using the present invention to magnify the wax film marking picture 100 times;

[0043] Figure 3 This is the effect of using 355nm laser to mark wax film after 20 times magnification;

[0044] Figure 4 A three-dimensional view of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Partial view at A in the middle;

[0046] Figure 6 A three-dimensional view of another perspective of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Partial view at D in the middle;

[0048] Figure 8 for Figure 6 Partial view at center C;

[0049] Fig. 9 It is a front view of the present invention;

[0050] Fig.10 for Fig. 9 Section view at the section line BB;

[0051] Fig.11 for Fig. 9 Section view at section line GG;

[0052] Fig.12 for Fig.11 Partial view at E in the middle;

[0053] Fig.13 It is a circuit connection block diagram of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] The invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0055] Implementation Example 1: Reference Figures 4 to 13 A wax model laser marking machine includes: a laser marking head 1; a controller 5, the controller 5 can be an ordinary industrial computer, PLC or general PC, the controller 5 and the laser marking head 1 are connected by a cable or wirelessly; it also includes: a fixture mounting table 2, the laser marking head 1 corresponds to the position of the workpiece to be processed on the fixture mounting table 2; an XY axis moving mechanism 3, the fixture mounting table 2 is connected to the XY axis moving mechanism 3, and the XY axis moving mechanism 3 is electrically connected to the controller 5; wherein the central wavelength of the laser marking head 1 is between 780nm and 1100nm, and the pulse time of the laser marking head 1 is 10 -11 s~10 -12 s, the pulse frequency of the laser marking head 1 is 100kHz~300kHz, the average power of the laser marking head 1 is 10W~30W, and the marking time of the laser marking head 1 is 10s~30s. The XY axis moving mechanism 3 here includes an X axis linear motor and a Y axis linear motor, the Y axis linear motor is fixedly connected to the slider of the X axis linear motor, the movement direction of the Y axis linear motor is perpendicular to the movement direction of the X axis linear motor, the fixture mounting table 2 is fixedly connected to the slider of the Y axis linear motor, the controller 5 realizes the change of the position of the fixture mounting table 2 by controlling the positions of the sliders of the X axis linear motor and the Y axis linear motor respectively, when there are multiple wax molds on the fixture mounting table 2, the focus of the laser marking head is aligned with different wax molds through the movement of the Z axis linear motor and the Y axis linear motor in the two-dimensional plane, so as to realize the switching of different wax molds.

[0056] In order to verify the effectiveness of the present invention, the present invention conducted the following comparative experiments shown in Table 1:

[0057]

[0058] Table 1

[0059] The experimental results show that the laser of the present invention has a better marking effect than the 355nm laser.

[0060] The fixture installation platform 2 is a rectangular box body with the top plate and one of the side plates removed. The position of the removed side plate is the feed port 208. The side plate opposite to the removed side plate is the first side plate 202, and the side plate perpendicular to the removed side plate is the second side plate 203. The distance between the two second side plates 203 matches the fixture width. The fixture installation platform 2 also includes a fixture support plate 204. The fixture support plate 204 includes two pieces. The fixture support plate 204 is fixedly connected to the opposite surfaces of the two second clamping plates. The upper surface of the fixture support plate 204 is parallel to the bottom plate 201 of the fixture installation platform 2. Through the fixture support plate 204, the bottom surface of the fixture can be placed on the fixture support plate 204, and the fixture of the fixture installation platform 2 will also move with it to achieve the alignment of the laser marking head to different wax models.

[0061] The feeding mechanism 4 includes supporting feet and a conveyor belt 401. The conveyor belt 401 is arranged on the supporting feet to form a table shape. The conveyor belt 401 is realized by driving the driving shaft through a stepper motor. The stepper motor is connected to the controller 5 through a cable. A first guide plate 402 is provided on the feeding mechanism 4 located on both sides of the conveyor belt 401. The spacing between the first guide plates 402 matches the width of the fixture. The conveyor belt 401 is the same height as the fixture pallet 204, or the height of the conveyor belt 401 is slightly higher than the fixture pallet 204, so that the fixture on the conveyor belt 401 will not be blocked by the end of the fixture pallet 204 when it is transferred to the fixture pallet 204, or it will directly fall onto the fixture pallet 204 and damage the fixture pallet 204. The feeding direction of the conveyor belt 401 is parallel to the first side plate 202. When the XY-axis moving mechanism 3 is at the end of any one of the XY-axis moving axes, the end of the conveyor belt 401 is aligned with the feed port 208 for one of the positions of the XY-axis moving mechanism 3. For example, the feeding mechanism can be set at the end of the X-axis or Y-axis of the XY-axis moving mechanism 3, and the conveyor belt 401 and the feed port 208 can be in contact with and aligned with each other, so that the fixture on the conveyor belt 401 can be directly transferred to the fixture mounting table 2.

[0062] The inner conveying mechanism 205 is arranged in the fixture mounting platform 2, and the upper surface of the inner conveying mechanism 205 coincides with the upper surface of the fixture support plate 204. The conveying direction of the inner conveying mechanism 205 is parallel to the feeding direction of the conveyor belt 401. The inner conveying mechanism 205 includes a stepping motor, a driving shaft, two driving wheels, two driven wheels and two belts. The stepping motor is connected to the driving shaft through the belt, and the driving shaft is rotatably connected to the fixture mounting platform 2 through the bearing. The driving shaft is parallel to the first side plate 202. The rotation of the stepping motor drives the driving shaft to rotate. The two driving wheels are fixedly connected to both ends of the driving shaft. Two driven wheels are rotatably connected to the two second side plates 203 of the fixture mounting platform 2 on the side through bearings, the two driven wheels have the same diameter as the two driving wheels, the distance between the two driven wheels and the bottom plate 201 is the same as the distance between the two driving wheels and the bottom plate 201, the driving wheel and the driven wheel on the same side are connected by a belt, the upper surface of the belt coincides with the upper surface of the fixture support plate 204, so that the movement of the belt can also drive the movement of the fixture, the belt drives the fixture to move toward the first side plate 202, and when the fixture hits the first side plate 202, the position of the fixture on the fixture mounting platform 2 in one dimension of the two-dimensional plane is fixed.

[0063] The second guide plates 206 are fixedly connected to the upper surfaces of the two second side plates 203. The spacing between the second guide plates 206 matches the width of the fixture. The second guide plates 206 fix the fixture on the fixture mounting platform 2 in another dimension on the two-dimensional plane. The spacing between the two opposite sides of the second guide plates 206 near the feed inlet 208 gradually increases as they approach the feed inlet 208, so that the fixture has enough space to enter the fixture mounting platform 2 through the feed inlet 208, and the fixture will not be blocked by the second guide plates 206 from entering the fixture mounting platform 2 due to inaccurate placement, which makes it smoother for the fixture to enter the fixture mounting platform 2.

[0064] The distance between the two opposite side surfaces at the end of the first guide plate 402 close to the fixture mounting platform 2 gradually increases as it approaches the fixture mounting platform 2. When the speed of the inner transmission mechanism 205 does not match the speed of the conveyor belt 401, if the fixture is just transmitted from the conveyor belt 401 to the inner transmission mechanism 205, the fixture may be stuck at the end of the second guide plate 206. Here, the distance between the ends of the second guide plate 206 can be made larger. Even if the speed of the inner transmission mechanism 205 does not match the speed of the conveyor belt 401, the fixture has more room to maneuver and the probability of being stuck is smaller.

[0065] The first photoelectric sensor 403 is arranged at the end of the feeding mechanism 4 close to the fixture mounting table 2, the first photoelectric sensor 403 is connected to the controller 5 by cable, and the feeding mechanism 4 is connected to the controller 5 by cable; the second photoelectric sensor 207 is arranged on the surface of the first side plate 202 close to the feeding port 208, the second photoelectric sensor 207 is connected to the controller 5 by cable, and the internal conveying mechanism 205 is connected to the controller 5 by cable, which enables the first photoelectric sensor 403 to detect whether there is a fixture moved to the end of the conveyor belt 401 close to the feeding port 208, and enables the second photoelectric sensor 207 to detect whether the fixture has moved to the predetermined position.

[0066] The lifting mechanism 7 is fixedly connected to the base plate 201, and the lifting mechanism 7 is guide-connected to the controller 5. The lifting mechanism 7 includes an electric cylinder and a linear bearing. The electric cylinder is arranged in the middle of the fixed platform 6 and is connected to the fixed platform 6, and the linear bearings are arranged around and are connected to the fixed platform 6. The linear bearings play a role in fixing the position and making the fixed platform 6 more stable; more than two fixed protrusions 601 are provided on the fixed platform 6, and the fixed protrusions 601 match the grooves on the lower surface of the clamp, so that when the clamp hits the first side plate 202, the fixed protrusions 601 just correspond to the grooves on the lower surface of the clamp, and as the fixed platform 6 is raised and lowered, the fixed protrusions are inserted into the grooves at the lower part of the clamp, thereby limiting the position of the clamp.

[0067] A safety light curtain is also provided in front of the laser marking head 1, and the safety light curtain is connected to the controller 5 by wires. Once an object passes through the light curtain, the controller 5 will control the laser marking head to stop working immediately.

[0068] A wax model laser marking method, the method comprising the following steps:

[0069] S01, placing the wax model in a fixture and turning on the conveyor belt 401;

[0070] S02, the conveyor belt 401 and the inner conveying mechanism 205 are started and stopped according to the following rules:

[0071] If the first photoelectric sensor 403 and the second photoelectric sensor 207 detect a blocking signal at the same time, the controller 5 controls the conveyor belt 401 and the inner conveying mechanism 205 to stop;

[0072] If the first photoelectric sensor 403 detects a blocking signal and the second photoelectric sensor 207 detects a non-blocking signal, the controller 5 controls the conveyor belt 401 and the inner conveying mechanism 205 to start;

[0073] If the first photoelectric sensor 403 detects a non-blocking signal and the second photoelectric sensor 207 detects a blocking signal, the controller 5 controls the conveyor belt 401 to start and controls the internal conveying mechanism 205 to stop;

[0074] If the first photoelectric sensor 403 detects a no-blocking signal and the second photoelectric sensor 207 detects a no-blocking signal, the controller 5 controls the conveyor belt 401 to start and controls the internal conveying mechanism 205 to stop;

[0075] S03. After the second photoelectric sensor 207 detects the blocking signal, the controller 5 controls the lifting mechanism 7 to the set position, the XY axis moving mechanism 3 moves the fixture position according to the set marking program, and the laser marking head 1 marks according to the set marking program.

[0076] Here, the feeding timing is identified by judging the signals of the first photoelectric sensor 403 and the second photoelectric sensor 207.

[0077] The above contents are further detailed descriptions of the present invention in combination with specific preferred embodiments, and it cannot be determined that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. For ordinary technicians in the technical field to which the present invention belongs, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which should be regarded as falling within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wax model laser marking machine, comprising: Laser marking head (1); A controller (5), the controller (5) being electrically connected to the laser marking head (1); It is characterized by further comprising: A fixture mounting table (2), wherein the laser marking head (1) corresponds to a position of a workpiece to be processed on the fixture mounting table (2); An XY-axis moving mechanism (3), the fixture mounting platform (2) is connected to the XY-axis moving mechanism (3), and the XY-axis moving mechanism (3) is electrically connected to a controller (5); The central wavelength of the laser marking head (1) is between 780nm and 1100nm, and the pulse time of the laser marking head (1) is 10 -11 s~10 -12 s, the pulse frequency of the laser marking head (1) is 100kHz~300kHz, the average power of the laser marking head (1) is 10W~30W, and the marking time of the laser marking head (1) is 10s~30s; The fixture mounting platform (2) is a rectangular box body with the top plate and one of the side plates removed, the position of the removed side plate is the feed port (208), the side plate opposite to the removed side plate is the first side plate (202), and the side plate perpendicular to the removed side plate is the second side plate (203), and the distance between the two second side plates (203) matches the fixture width; The fixture mounting platform (2) further comprises a fixture support plate (204), the fixture support plate (204) comprising two pieces, the fixture support plate (204) being fixedly connected to the opposite surfaces of the two second clamping plates, and the upper surface of the fixture support plate (204) being parallel to the bottom plate (201) of the fixture mounting platform (2); Also includes: A feeding mechanism (4), wherein a conveyor belt (401) is provided on the feeding mechanism (4), and first guide plates (402) are provided on the feeding mechanism (4) located on both sides of the conveyor belt (401), the spacing between the first guide plates (402) matches the width of the fixture, the height of the conveyor belt (401) matches the fixture support plate (204), the feeding direction of the conveyor belt (401) is parallel to the first side plate (202), and when the XY axis moving mechanism (3) is at the end of any axis of the XY moving axis, at this time, for one of the positions where the XY axis moving mechanism (3) is located, the end of the conveyor belt (401) is aligned with the feeding port (208); An inner conveying mechanism (205), wherein the inner conveying mechanism (205) is arranged inside the fixture mounting platform (2), an upper surface of the inner conveying mechanism (205) coincides with an upper surface of the fixture support plate (204), and a conveying direction of the inner conveying mechanism (205) is parallel to a feeding direction of the conveyor belt (401); a first photoelectric sensor (403), the first photoelectric sensor (403) being arranged at an end of the feeding mechanism (4) close to the fixture mounting table (2), the first photoelectric sensor (403) being electrically connected to the controller (5), and the feeding mechanism (4) being electrically connected to the controller (5); a second photoelectric sensor (207), the second photoelectric sensor (207) being arranged on a surface of the first side plate (202) close to the feed port (208), the second photoelectric sensor (207) being electrically connected to the controller (5), and the inner conveying mechanism (205) being electrically connected to the controller (5); The second guide plate (206) is fixedly connected to the upper surfaces of the two second side plates (203), the spacing between the second guide plates (206) matches the width of the clamp, and the spacing between the two opposite side surfaces of the second guide plate (206) near the feed inlet (208) gradually increases as it approaches the feed inlet (208).

2. The wax pattern laser marking machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between the two opposite side surfaces at the end of the first guide plate (402) close to the clamp mounting platform (2) gradually increases as they approach the clamp mounting platform (2).

3. The wax pattern laser marking machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A lifting mechanism (7), wherein the lifting mechanism (7) is fixedly connected to the bottom plate (201), and the lifting mechanism (7) is electrically connected to the controller (5); A fixing platform (6), wherein the fixing platform (6) is provided with more than two fixing protrusions (601), and the fixing protrusions (601) match the grooves on the lower surface of the clamp.

4. A wax pattern laser marking method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: S01, placing the wax model in a fixture and turning on the conveyor belt (401); S02, the conveyor belt (401) and the internal conveying mechanism (205) are started and stopped according to the following rules: If the first photoelectric sensor (403) and the second photoelectric sensor (207) simultaneously detect an obstruction signal, the controller (5) controls the conveyor belt (401) and the inner conveying mechanism (205) to stop; If the first photoelectric sensor (403) detects a blocking signal and the second photoelectric sensor (207) detects a non-blocking signal, the controller (5) controls the conveyor belt (401) and the inner conveying mechanism (205) to start; If the first photoelectric sensor (403) detects a non-blocking signal and the second photoelectric sensor (207) detects a blocking signal, the controller (5) controls the conveyor belt (401) to start and controls the internal conveying mechanism (205) to stop; If the first photoelectric sensor (403) detects a no-blocking signal and the second photoelectric sensor (207) detects a no-blocking signal, the controller (5) controls the conveyor belt (401) to start and controls the internal conveying mechanism (205) to stop; S03, after the second photoelectric sensor (207) detects the blocking signal, the controller (5) controls the lifting mechanism (7) to a set position, the XY axis moving mechanism (3) moves the fixture position according to a set marking program, and the laser marking head (1) marks according to the set marking program; S04. After the set marking program is executed, the controller (5) controls the XY axis moving mechanism (3) to move to the conveyor belt (401), aligns the feed port (208) with the conveyor belt (401), and sets the material receiving preparation state in the controller (5) to ready.

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