Intermittent pumping control method and device for oil pumping well

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of automated oil production technology, and in particular to a method and device for controlling intermittent pumping of a pumping well, the method comprising collecting the produced fluid when the pumping well is in operation, shutting down the well when no produced fluid is produced, recording the well opening time t0, the well opening operation time t1, and the well opening operation time t2. R and the shut-in time t s ; According to the curve of the change of the oil well liquid level over time, determine t S With t R Functional relationship; According to the operation opening time t R Automatically match and adjust the shut-in time t S , so that the pumping unit enters a relatively matching operating state; obtain multiple well opening times t0 and well opening times t R The historical records are used to determine the current working state of the oil well; the curing parameters of the pumping well are adjusted according to the working state of the oil well. The pumping unit inter-well pumping control method and device provided by the present invention can reduce the working time of the pumping unit, improve the motor load rate, and meet the needs of economic production while ensuring relatively stable production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of automated oil production, and in particular to an intermittent pumping control method and device for an oil pumping well. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous exploitation of oil, some oil wells have entered the middle and late stages of exploitation, the formation pressure continues to decline, and the fluid supply capacity is getting weaker and weaker. However, the fluid production of the pumping unit selection and rod pump design is far greater than the fluid supply capacity of the oil well, resulting in insufficient fluid supply in a large number of oil wells. Relevant data show that more than 30% of the wells with insufficient fluid supply are in an empty pumping state during 50% to 80% of the operating time. Therefore, the research on energy saving and production increase of pumping units has attracted much attention from all walks of life.

[0003] From the perspective of improving pump efficiency and energy saving, intermittent pumping is an extremely effective way to overcome the problem of insufficient fluid supply that cannot meet the continuous operation of pumping equipment. At the same time, it can effectively extend the service life of equipment and the pump inspection cycle of oil wells.

[0004] At present, the measurement of liquid production in pumping wells mainly uses two methods: direct measurement and indirect measurement. Direct measurement is to measure the liquid production within a fixed time, mainly including flow meter measurement and tank measurement; indirect measurement currently mostly uses indicator diagrams for calculation, mainly using effective power calculation and effective stroke calculation. In terms of calculation method, the friction force of the effective power calculation method is difficult to calculate, and can only be judged based on experience, with large errors that are difficult to correct. In addition, due to the existence of wax deposition causing increased pump resistance, leakage causing zero output liquid, and stuck pumps causing excessive loads, there are many disadvantages in using the power diagram method to determine liquid production. Summary of the invention

[0005] 1. Technical issues to be resolved

[0006] The present invention provides a method and device for controlling inter-well pumping of an oil pumping unit, so as to overcome the defects in the prior art such as low efficiency caused by insufficient fluid supply to the oil well and failure to meet economic production requirements.

[0007] (II) Technical solution

[0008] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a method for controlling inter-well pumping of a pumping unit, comprising:

[0009] Step S1, collect the output fluid when the pumping well is running, and when there is no output fluid, shut down the well and record the well opening time t0 and the well opening operation time t R and the shut-in time t s ;

[0010] Step S2: Determine t according to the curve of the change of the oil well liquid level over time. SWith t R Functional relationship of

[0011] Step S3: Each time the pumping well is opened or closed, the operation time t R Automatically match and adjust the shut-in time t S After multiple well opening and closing operations, the pumping unit enters a relatively matching operating state;

[0012] Step S4, obtaining the well opening time t0 and well opening time t of the pumping well for multiple times R The historical records are used to form multiple groups of control strategy determination data tables, and the current working status of the oil well is determined according to the control strategy determination data tables;

[0013] Step S5: adjusting the curing parameters of the pumping well according to the working status of the oil well.

[0014] Preferably, t S With t R The functional relationship is:

[0015]

[0016] Where: t S : Shut-in time; t R : Well opening and operation time; k: Proportional coefficient; b: Compensation constant; Usually k=1, b=0.

[0017] When t R ≥12h, the default is t R =12h, substitute into formula (1) for calculation;

[0018] If t R ≤1h, then tR=1h by default and substitute it into formula (1) for calculation.

[0019] Preferably, the well stopping time t S After the determination, it also includes finding the time t between the current time and the fixed point time Δ ; The fixed time is the starting time of the valley section corresponding to the peak and valley electricity consumption specified by the industry department, or the user can set this time parameter by himself;

[0020] If it satisfies (t S +t R )≤t Δ ≤2(t S +t R ), then directly enter the condition detection of the fixed point time;

[0021] If not satisfied (t S +t R )≤t Δ ≤2(t S+t R ) when t Δ >2(t S +t R ), then the delay t S After that, enter the detection phase where the adjustment parameters and environmental conditions are met;

[0022] When t Δ <(t S +t R ), then the delay t S Then enter the detection phase to adjust parameters and meet environmental conditions to ensure the integrity of the program.

[0023] Preferably, the curing parameters include a control strategy determination data table and a fixed point time, wherein the control strategy determination data table includes t max ,t min Time parameters, operation time data; the operation time data includes the well opening time t0, the well opening operation time t R .

[0024] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a pumping unit inter-well pumping control system, comprising:

[0025] Microcontroller, sensor signal interface module, liquid level sensor, pressure sensor, serial port clock chip, serial port memory, data reading interface, display screen, transmitter module, communication module, isolation driver, output module and oil pumping unit electrical control box;

[0026] The microcontroller is connected to the liquid level sensor and the pressure sensor via a sensor signal interface module;

[0027] The microcontroller controls the electric control box of the pumping unit through the isolation drive and output module to realize the control of the pumping well;

[0028] The microcontroller is connected to a display screen for displaying the working status of the device;

[0029] The microcontroller is connected to the transmitting module and the communication module for communication between the system and the peripheral devices or the host computer;

[0030] The microcontroller is connected to a serial port clock chip to provide a real-time clock for the system;

[0031] The microcontroller is connected to the serial port memory for address partition storage system fixed parameters and time data, and the data therein is read through the data reading interface.

[0032] Preferably, the microcontroller is connected to a mode switch and a setting button; the mode switch uses a multi-bit band switch to select a group of data from multiple control strategy determination data tables to adapt to well conditions; the setting button is used to set system curing parameters and time constant data; the control device curing parameters are stored in a specific area and partitioned with the time data storage. When the time data storage area is full, the data is overwritten from the specified starting address.

[0033] Preferably, the microcontroller is connected to allow a start button and a stop button to be used for safe management of starting and stopping the system.

[0034] Preferably, it also includes a multi-channel infrared pyroelectric sensor and an alarm connected to the microcontroller;

[0035] The multi-channel infrared pyroelectric sensor measures the animals present near the well site, detects the presence of animals, prohibits the microcontroller from sending a start signal, sends an audible and visual alarm signal through the alarm, and sends an alarm signal through the sending module at the same time.

[0036] Preferably, the liquid collecting barrel has a pressure sensor installed on the side wall of the liquid collecting barrel near the bottom, a liquid level sensor installed on the upper part of the liquid collecting barrel, and a flow sensor connected in series on the liquid inlet pipe of the liquid collecting barrel;

[0037] When the produced fluid reaches the liquid level set in the liquid collecting barrel, the sensor and control mechanism of the liquid collecting barrel itself can discharge the produced fluid, and the discharged fluid is drained into the large-volume produced fluid pool.

[0038] (III) Beneficial effects

[0039] The method and device for controlling the inter-well pumping of the pumping unit provided by the present invention can reduce the working time of the pumping unit and improve the motor load rate while ensuring relatively stable production, so as to solve the problem of low efficiency caused by insufficient fluid supply in the oil wells. At the same time, it can maximize the preferential policies for peak and valley electricity consumption and meet the needs of economic production. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 It is a schematic flow chart of a method for controlling inter-well pumping of an oil pumping unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 A control flow chart of a method for controlling inter-well pumping of a pumping unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 3 It is a flow chart of a discrete point control system in a method for controlling pumping between wells of an oil pumping unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an inter-well pumping control device for a pumping unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the liquid collecting barrel in the inter-well pumping control device of the oil pumping unit of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0046] like Figure 1-3 As shown, the present invention provides a method for controlling inter-well pumping of an oil pumping unit, comprising:

[0047] Step S1, collect the output fluid when the pumping well is running, and when there is no output fluid, shut down the well and record the well opening time t0 and the well opening operation time t R and the shut-in time t s ;

[0048] Step S2: Determine t according to the curve of the change of the oil well liquid level over time. S With t R Functional relationship of

[0049] Step S3: Each time the pumping well is opened or closed, the operation time t R Automatically match and adjust the shut-in time t S After multiple well opening and closing operations, the pumping unit enters a relatively matching operating state;

[0050] Step S4, obtaining the well opening time t0 and well opening time t of the pumping well for multiple times R The historical records are used to form multiple groups of control strategy determination data tables, and the current working status of the oil well is determined according to the control strategy determination data tables;

[0051] Step S5: adjusting the curing parameters of the pumping well according to the working status of the oil well.

[0052] The following is a detailed description of the operation process of the inter-well pumping control method of the pumping unit:

[0053] A method and device for controlling inter-well pumping of an oil pumping unit of the present invention, the specific method is as follows:

[0054] After starting the device, the program runs and the control device calls the curing parameters.

[0055] The start-up confirmation button is a switch set up for safety reasons. It can also be replaced with a self-locking switch as needed. After the start-up confirmation button is pressed, the device first performs a key detection to determine whether to adjust the parameters. The control device detects whether the parameter setting button is pressed. By setting the button, the solidified parameters inside the control device can be revised and the parameters can be adjusted in sequence. The adjusted parameters are solidified inside the serial port storage chip and the relevant information is displayed on the display.

[0056] Then the environmental conditions are detected, mainly by using multi-channel infrared pyroelectric sensors in various directions to detect the presence of animals and personnel around the well site, and to determine whether the start-up conditions are met. If the start-up conditions are met, the alarm will emit an audible and visual alarm, and then the microcontroller will control the pumping unit electrical control box through the isolation drive and output module to start the pumping unit.

[0057] At this time, the time node t0 is stored.

[0058] After the pump is started, the output fluid detection is delayed for a period of time t1, because the pump needs to start and operate normally for a period of time before there may be output fluid. The t1 time parameter can also be modified by setting the button.

[0059] After the delay time t1, the control device comprehensively judges the presence of produced fluid through the liquid level sensor and pressure sensor. The pumping unit continues to operate until the produced fluid is detected to be zero. The pumping unit stops pumping and the operating time t is stored. R The initial time t of the device R ,t S The value is zero.

[0060] Inside the device, a time control scheme for intermittent pumping was developed based on the time-varying curves of the liquid level of the shut-in and well-open wells, the relationship between the flow pressure and production (IPR curve), and the relationship between the pump efficiency and the liquid level. The functional relationship was planned:

[0061]

[0062] (1) Where: t S —Well stopping time, t R —well opening operation time, k—proportional coefficient, b—compensation constant, usually the default values ​​are k=1 and b=0.

[0063] Formula (1) is a functional relationship evolved from an inverse proportional function relationship, based on the well opening time t R The longer the well stop time t S The shorter the length, the shorter the length, and vice versa.

[0064] Of course, using t S With t R Based on the changing trend of , other functional relationships can be planned:

[0065] t S =-k·t R +b (2)

[0066] (2) Where: t S —Well stopping time, t R—well opening operation time, k—proportional coefficient, b—compensation constant, and the default values ​​may be k=1, b=12 or 24, etc.

[0067] Of course, we can also explore the constructor relationship through quadratic functions, exponential or logarithmic functions; we can also use the real t S With t R The data is modeled to construct a specific functional relationship, or the artificial intelligence technology is used for self-learning adjustment, etc. to construct the functional relationship. Functional relationship (1) and function relationship (2) are relatively simple functional relationships that can meet the needs of working condition control accuracy.

[0068] Comparing the functional relationship (1) and the functional relationship (2), the independent variable t R When a very small value is obtained, such as close to zero, or a very large value is obtained, such as far exceeding 24h, the functional relationship (1) covers a wider range and is more suitable for programmed automatic control. Therefore, this embodiment takes the functional relationship (1) as an example for description.

[0069] In order to avoid long-term well shutdown for oil well repair operations, the running time t R To judge, if t R ≥12h, the default is t R =12h is substituted into formula (1) for calculation; if t R ≤1h, then the default t R =1h is substituted into formula (1) for calculation.

[0070] Shut-in time t S After confirmation, the system calculates the time t between the current time and the fixed time Δ The fixed time is the starting time of the valley section corresponding to the peak and valley power consumption specified by the industry department, and the user can also set this time parameter by himself.

[0071] If it satisfies (t S +t R )≤t Δ ≤2(t S +t R ), it means that the pumping unit stops pumping oil at the fixed point t S In addition, you can only complete one oil extraction task. R , and there is still some time left. In order to enjoy the electricity rate discount of the peak and valley electricity policy, this running time is sacrificed. R and spare time, it directly enters the condition detection of the fixed time; if it does not meet (t S +t R )≤t Δ ≤2(t S +t R ), there exists t Δ<(t S +t R ) or t Δ >2(t S +t R ) In both cases, t Δ >2(t S +t R ) indicates that the current time is within the distance from the fixed time to the default time of the pumping unit (t R ,t S ) The pumping rule can complete two or more pumping tasks, then the delay t S After that, it enters the detection phase where the parameters are adjusted and the environmental conditions are met. Δ <(t S +t R ) is implied to be included in (t S +t R )≤t Δ ≤2(t S +t R ) because one is less than (t S +t R ) plus (t S +t R ), just satisfied with (t S +t R )≤t Δ ≤2(t S +t R ) condition, this case also follows the delay t S Then enter the detection phase to adjust parameters and meet environmental conditions to ensure the integrity of the program.

[0072] After several opening and closing cycles, the oil well will automatically enter a relatively balanced working range.

[0073] The fixed parameters include the control strategy determination data table and the fixed point time. The control strategy determination data table includes t max ,t min etc. Time parameters; operation time data include well opening time t0, well opening operation time t R wait.

[0074] The stored curing parameters and operation time data can be collected through a dedicated data reading card or receiving device. R To obtain the corresponding shut-in time t S , draw continuous curves based on historical data, analyze and determine the working conditions of the pumping unit, and revise the solidification parameters of the device by adjusting the parameter link to optimize the operating status of the pumping unit.

[0075] In the control system of the same well, k and b can be calculated based on the well opening time t R , well stop time t S Select different values ​​for the difference.

[0076] In the control system of the same well, the function law of formula (1) can be converted into a corresponding discrete control point solution, and the number of discrete points can be determined according to the control accuracy requirements.

[0077] Several sets of data on k and b can be integrated into the program of the control device, corresponding to different well conditions, and selected through the circuit mode switch. This also includes the control scheme of discrete points that conform to the change law of formula (1).

[0078] In order to accurately measure the produced fluid, a solution of a liquid collecting barrel is adopted, and of course, a solution of flow detection can also be adopted. That is, a barrel with a relatively small cross-section is used as a temporary collection device for the produced fluid. The sensor of the produced fluid is installed at a specific position on the liquid collecting barrel.

[0079] When the output fluid reaches the liquid level set in the liquid collecting bucket, the sensor and control mechanism of the liquid collecting bucket can discharge the output fluid, and the discharged fluid can be drained into the large volume output fluid pool. The liquid collecting bucket is usually placed in an appropriate position above the output fluid pool page.

[0080] The actual operation method of the pumping unit inter-well pumping control method is described below: after the start device, the program runs, the control device calls the solidification parameters, and then presses the start-up permission button 8. The start-up permission button 8 is a switch set up for safety reasons, and a self-locking switch can also be used as needed.

[0081] After the start confirmation button is pressed, the key detection is first performed to determine whether the parameter adjustment is performed. The control device detects whether the setting button 11 is pressed within a preset time (for example, 10 seconds). If it is pressed, the setting button 11 can revise the solidified parameters inside the control device, adjust the parameters in turn, and solidify the adjusted parameters into the serial port memory 13 chip, and display the relevant information on the display screen 15. The display screen 15 can use an LED digital tube display screen to meet the application of working conditions in severe cold areas.

[0082] Before starting the control device, the control strategy determination data table can be switched through the mode switch 10 to adapt to oil wells with different produced fluids.

[0083] The mode switch 10 is a band combination switch, which implements 8421 coding. For example, a 4-bit band switch corresponds to 2 4 =16 control strategies determine the switching of data tables.

[0084] If the control scheme of functional relationship (1) is fully selected, the mode switch 10 is used to switch the data corresponding to k and b integrated in the program memory; if the discrete point control scheme is adopted, the mode switch 10 is used to switch the array data of discrete points integrated in the program memory.

[0085] First, let's explain the control scheme according to the complete selection formula (1):

[0086] Then the environmental condition detection is carried out, mainly by detecting the presence of animals and personnel around the well site through multi-channel infrared pyroelectric sensors 7 in various directions, and judging whether the start-up conditions are met. If the start-up conditions are met, the alarm 17 will emit an audible and visual alarm, and then the microcontroller controls the pumping unit electrical control box 21 through the isolation driver 19 and the output module 20 to start the pumping unit.

[0087] There are at least 3 to 4 multi-channel infrared pyroelectric sensors 7 pointing in different directions to monitor the presence of people or large animals in the most dangerous area.

[0088] At this time, the time node t0 is stored.

[0089] After the pumping unit is started, the detection of the produced fluid is delayed for a period of time t1, for example, t1 = 2 minutes. The t1 time parameter can also be modified by setting the button.

[0090] After the delay time t1, the control device comprehensively judges the presence of produced fluid through the liquid level sensor 3 and the pressure sensor 4. The pumping unit continues to operate until the produced fluid is detected to be zero. The pumping unit stops pumping and the operating time t is stored. R The initial time t of the device R ,t S The value is zero.

[0091] The device calculates the shutdown time t according to formula (1): S Usually, k=1 and b=0 can be used as default.

[0092] For example, an oil well was started at 9:00 am, produced fluid for 6 hours, and then stopped at 15:00 pm. Figure 3 The flowchart first determines t R With t max ,t min According to formula (1), we can get t S = 4h, that is, the pumping will start again at 19:00 in the afternoon R time.

[0093] For oil wells that have been shut down for a long time, there will be a period of time when the pumping R ≥12h or even t R≥24h; for short-term well repair during the pumping stop period, there may be a pumping start t R ≤1h, for this purpose, a limiting parameter t is set max ,t min .

[0094] Shut-in time t S After confirmation, the system calculates the time t from the current time 15:00 to the fixed time 22:00 (this value is the starting point of the valley section of the peak and valley electricity specified by the industry department) Δ = (22:00-15:00) = 7h. The program sets the fixed time as the starting time of the peak and valley section 22:00 specified by the power industry and the price department and stores it in the program. The user can also set this time parameter by himself.

[0095] Because (t S +t R )=(4+7)=11h, and t Δ =7h, does not meet (t S +t R )≤t Δ ≤2(t S +t R ), in this case, the system will start to delay for 4 hours from 15:00 to 19:00 to adjust the parameters and determine whether the environmental conditions are met, and then start pumping again. R .

[0096] For the same well, if t R and t S Very stable, every time t R =6h,t S =4h.

[0097] Sequentially, the pumping unit continued to operate and stopped at 1:00. Δ =(22:00-1:00)=21h, does not meet (t S +t R )≤t Δ ≤2(t S +t R ). In fact, it satisfies t Δ >2(t S +t R ), in this case, the system will delay for 4 hours from 1:00 to 5:00 to adjust the parameters and determine whether the environmental conditions are met, and then start pumping again. R .

[0098] Sequentially, the pumping unit continued to operate and stopped at 11:00. Δ =(22:00-11:00)=11h, satisfying (t S+t R )≤t Δ ≤2(t S +t R ), in this case, the delay starts at 11:00 and does not enter the adjustment parameters and environmental conditions until 22:00 at the beginning of the valley section, and then prepare to start pumping again.

[0099] Even if it happens, no matter when the pumping unit starts pumping, after running and stopping for several or more cycles, the pumping start time will be delayed to the starting point of the peak-valley electricity consumption valley section.

[0100] Oil well R and t S It is always changing. For a certain oil well, after several opening and closing times, the oil well will automatically enter a relatively balanced working range.

[0101] The stored curing parameters and time data can be collected through a dedicated data reading card or receiving device. R To obtain the corresponding shut-in time t S , draw continuous curves based on historical data, analyze and determine the working conditions of the pumping unit, and revise the solidification parameters of the device by adjusting the parameter link to optimize the operating status of the pumping unit.

[0102] In fact, in the control system of the same well, k and b can be calculated based on the well opening time t. R , well stop time t S For example, if we add a judgment in the program, when t R ≥10h, k=1.5, b=1; when 4h≤t R ≤10h, k=1.5, b=1; when t R When ≤4h, k=0.8, b=1. The k and b parameters can be adjusted according to the oil well working conditions or certain requirements.

[0103] In the control system of the same well, the function law of formula (1) can be converted into a corresponding discrete control point solution, and the number of discrete points can be determined according to the control accuracy requirements.

[0104] Following the rule of formula (1) or the data change trend, five operating times are artificially set, and these data are planned into the data elements in the control strategy determination data table. Of course, in order to control more accurately, more operating time periods can be divided and the number of data elements can be increased.

[0105] For example, the data elements in this embodiment are 12, 8, 4, 2, and 1, which are 5 elements in total. Alternatively, a scheme of 10, 8, 4, and 2, which are 4 elements in total, or a scheme of 16, 12, 8, 4, 2, and 1, which are 6 elements in total, etc., may be adopted. Multiple schemes may be integrated in the program, and the corresponding scheme may be selected through the mode switch 10.

[0106] This discrete control point scheme follows the data change trend of formula (1) and can be based on the well operation time t R , well stop time t S Table 1 gives a set of discrete control point schemes and the parameter comparison using formula (1).

[0107] Table 1 Parameter comparison between discrete control point scheme and formula (1)

[0108]

[0109] The time constant and the coefficient of the stop time multiplication are stored in the program memory of the microcontroller in the form of array elements and can be revised when the control device is turned on.

[0110] Multiple sets of discrete control point solutions can be integrated inside the single chip microcomputer and selected through the mode switch 10.

[0111] Usually, a discrete control point scheme determination data table can be developed based on the fluid production of the pumping unit. Generally, 4 groups of schemes with the same number of elements can meet the needs. A 4-bit dip switch is used in the circuit, and up to 16 groups of control schemes can be selected.

[0112] The start-up confirmation button 8 is a switch set up for safety reasons, and a self-locking switch can also be used as needed. After the start-up confirmation button is pressed, the device detects environmental conditions, mainly through the multi-channel infrared pyroelectric sensors 7 in various directions to detect the presence of animals and personnel around the well site, and determines whether the start-up conditions are met. If the start-up conditions are met, the alarm 17 emits an audible and visual alarm, and then the microcontroller 1 controls the pumping unit electrical control box 21 through the isolation driver 19 and the output module 20 to start the pumping unit.

[0113] At this time, the time node t0 is stored. Assume that this time is 8:00 am.

[0114] After the pumping unit is started, the detection of the produced fluid is delayed for a period of time t1, because the pumping unit needs to start and operate normally for a period of time before there may be produced fluid. The t1 time parameter can be modified by setting button 11.

[0115] After the delay time t1, the control device comprehensively judges the presence of produced fluid through the liquid level sensor 3 and the pressure sensor 4. The pumping unit continues to operate until the produced fluid is detected to be zero. The pumping unit stops pumping and the operating time t is stored. R .

[0116] A maximum downtime t is set max , a minimum downtime t min , and compiled multiple sets of control strategy determination data tables to determine the well shutdown time.

[0117] The time in each comparison data table changes from large to small, and the downtime is equal to the running time t R The multiples show an increasing trend.

[0118] Moreover, considering the initial start-up time t of the pumping well R It may be very long, when the well opening time t R ≥t max When the well is stopped, set the well stop time t S =t min .

[0119] Moreover, when the output of the pumping well is particularly low, the opening time t R It may be very short, when the well opening time t R ≤1h, set the well stop time t S =t max .

[0120] Well opening time R Either it falls within the judgment data table range, or it falls outside, there are three cases in total. R , determine its position in the data table, and determine the closing time t according to the control strategy. S .

[0121] Shut-in time t S After confirmation, the system calculates the time t between the current time and the fixed time Δ For example, if the fixed point time is set to the start time of the valley section, that is, 22:00 Beijing time. This fixed point time parameter can be modified by setting button 11. According to the previous assumption, the operation starts at 8:00 am. If the operation time t R = 12h30m, Beijing time 20:30 is the downtime. Since 12h30m≥12h, it means that the oil well fluid volume is relatively sufficient, so the downtime time is limited to t s =t min = 1h; the time interval t from the shutdown time to the fixed point time can be calculated Δ That is, the time between 20:30 and 22:00 is Δ=22:00-20:30=1h30m, does not meet (t S +t R )≤t Δ ≤2(t S +t R ), then directly execute the shutdown delay t s =1h, and at 21:30, we are ready to adjust the parameters and determine whether the environmental conditions meet the requirements, and then start the pumping operation again.

[0122] Similar processing can be applied to other situations. It should be noted that the length of each running time is random data, not necessarily an integer or relatively regular data.

[0123] If t is satisfied Δ ≥2(t S +t R ), it means that the pumping unit can complete at least two more pumping tasks before the fixed time. S After that, enter the test again to see if the environmental conditions are met; if not (t S +t R )≤t Δ ≤2(t S +t R ), then the adjustment parameters and environmental conditions are determined, and the pumping operation is ready to start again; if (t S +t R )≤t Δ ≤2(t S +t R ), then the fixed point time arrives at the judgment stage.

[0124] After several times of opening and closing the well, the pumping unit will enter a relatively balanced working range.

[0125] The serial port memory 13 connected to the control device is used to store the control device curing parameters, the start time t0, the well opening operation time t R wait.

[0126] The fixed parameters of the control device are stored in a specific area, and the time data storage area is partitioned. When the time data storage area is full, the data is overwritten from the specified starting address. For example, the fixed parameters are stored in the 0000H-0100H area, and the time data is stored in a higher address area.

[0127] The curing parameters include the time constant determination data table and the fixed point time. The time constant determination data table includes t max ,t min Time parameters: time data includes well opening time t0, well opening operation time t R .

[0128] The stored curing parameters and time data can be collected through a dedicated data reading card or receiving device. R To obtain the shut-in time t S , draw a continuous curve based on historical data, analyze and determine the working status of the pumping unit, revise the solidification parameters of the device accordingly, and optimize the operating status of the pumping unit.

[0129] like Figure 4-5 As shown, the control device for the oil pumping well provided by the present invention comprises:

[0130] Microcontroller 1, sensor signal interface module 2, liquid level sensor 3, pressure sensor 4, flow sensor 5, specific sensor 6, multi-channel infrared pyroelectric sensor 7, start permission button 8, stop button 9, mode switch 10, setting button 11, serial port clock chip 12, serial port memory 13, data reading interface 14, display screen 15, transmitting module 16, alarm 17, communication module 18, isolation driver 19, output module 20, oil pump electrical control box 21.

[0131] The microcontroller 1 is the core component of the control device. An 8-bit single-chip microcomputer can be selected, but considering the need for performance expansion, a 32-bit STM32F1 series single-chip microcomputer, such as STM32F106, is preferably selected, and the control strategy program is burned into it. The microcontroller 1 is connected to the sensor signal interface module 2 through the I / O port to realize the level conditioning of the sensor signal to meet the single-chip interface level condition; the liquid level sensor 3, the pressure sensor 4, the flow sensor 5, the specific sensor 6, and the multi-channel infrared pyroelectric sensor 7 are connected to the microcontroller 1 through the sensor signal interface module 2. The liquid level sensor 3 and the pressure sensor 4 are used to comprehensively test the existence of the output liquid. The range of the liquid level sensor 3 and the pressure sensor 4 matches the height parameter of the liquid collecting bucket 30. The flow sensor 5 and the specific sensor 6 are used as auxiliary test means. The specific sensor 6 can be a load sensor, etc. If the specific sensor 6 is used, an algorithm and control program adapted thereto are required. Considering economic operation and other aspects, the flow sensor 5 and the specific sensor 6 similar to the load sensor can be omitted.

[0132] By comprehensively utilizing the signal changes of the liquid level sensor 3 and the pressure sensor 4, the continuous existence of the produced fluid is determined by the signal increment within a unit time (such as 2 minutes, which is set according to the number of pumping strokes).

[0133] The multi-channel infrared pyroelectric sensor 7 measures the animals and personnel in multiple locations near the well site. When a signal is detected, the microcontroller 1 is prohibited from sending a signal to start opening the well, and an audible and visual alarm signal lasting half a minute is sent through the alarm 17. At the same time, a start time node signal is sent through the sending module 16.

[0134] The microcontroller 1 is connected to the isolation driver 19, and the isolation driver 19 is connected to the output module 20. The output module 20 controls the electric control box 21 of the oil pump to realize the control of the oil pump. The isolation driver 19 selects the photoelectric isolation driver; the output module 20 is a relay group of the controlled isolation driver 19.

[0135] The microcontroller 1 is connected to a display screen 15 for displaying the working state of the device. The display screen 15 is a 6-digit LED digital tube display screen.

[0136] The microcontroller 1 is connected to a communication module 18 , which may be a MAX232A chip corresponding to RS232 or a MAX485 chip corresponding to RS485 protocol. The communication module 18 is a channel for the device to communicate with peripheral devices or a host computer.

[0137] The microcontroller 1 is connected to a transmitting module 16 , which may be GSM, WIFI, Zigbee, etc. according to the requirements of the receiving device. The transmitting module 16 is used for wireless communication with peripheral devices or a host computer.

[0138] The microcontroller 1 is connected to a serial port clock chip 12 for providing a real-time clock for the system. The serial port clock chip 12 selects a DS3231 real-time clock chip.

[0139] The microcontroller 1 is connected to the serial port memory 13 for address partition storage of system curing parameters and time data, and reads the data therein through the data reading interface 14. The serial port memory 13 uses an AT24C512C chip.

[0140] The microcontroller 1 is connected to the mode switch 10 and the setting button 11 through the I / O port line: the mode switch 10 uses a multi-bit band switch to select a group of data from multiple groups of time constant determination data tables to meet the well condition requirements; the setting button 11 is used to set system curing parameters, time constant data, etc.

[0141] The microcontroller 1 is connected to a start button 8 and a stop button 9 for safe management of starting and stopping the system.

[0142] The structure of the liquid collecting barrel 30 can be cylindrical, and the bottom plate 39 can be a flange-type blind plate, which is convenient for installing sensors and maintenance operations; the upper cover 40 is an embedded cover with an outer umbrella eave. 3 If the liquid collecting barrel is relatively small, it is beneficial to measure the bottom pressure and liquid level. However, considering the installation of the sensor and the wax deposition on the wall of the liquid collecting barrel, the interface of the liquid collecting barrel needs to be reasonable. We choose the height of the liquid collecting barrel to be 2m, and the radius of the liquid collecting barrel can be calculated to be 0.4m. A barrel with a square interface can also be used. Since the density of oil is less than that of water, 1m 3The liquid collecting barrel can hold less than 1 ton of output liquid, but it will be close. The specific parameters are selected according to the actual production needs.

[0143] like Figure 5 As shown, the bottom plate 39 of the liquid collecting barrel 30 is provided with a liquid outlet 31, and the liquid outlet 31 is in close contact with the counterweight plug 32 to ensure that the output liquid cannot leak from the liquid outlet 31. The counterweight plug 32 is connected to the inside of the puller 35 through a chain rope 38. A pressure sensor 4 and a liquid level switch I33 are installed on the side wall of the liquid collecting barrel 30 close to the bottom plate 39, a liquid inlet pipe 37 and a liquid level switch II34 are installed on the side wall of the liquid collecting barrel 30 close to the upper cover, a liquid level sensor 3 is installed on the upper cover 40 of the liquid collecting barrel 30, and a flow sensor 5 is connected in series on the liquid inlet pipe 37. The signals of the liquid level switch I33 and the liquid level switch II34 are collected and processed in the control unit 36.

[0144] Liquid level sensor 3, judges the continuous existence of output liquid by the increment of signal per unit time.

[0145] When the output fluid reaches the highest level set by the level switch II34, the control unit 36 ​​controls the puller 35 to move forward, and the puller 35 drives the chain 38 to move upward. The chain 38 is articulated with the weight plug 32. At this point, the weight plug 32 is lifted, and the output fluid flows out from the outlet hole 31. The discharge fluid can be drained into a large volume output fluid pool.

[0146] When the output liquid reaches a level lower than the minimum level set by the liquid level switch I33, the control unit 36 ​​controls the puller 35 to move in the opposite direction. The puller 35 drives the chain rope 38 to move downward. The chain rope 38 is articulated with the counterweight plug 32. At this point, the counterweight plug 32 is reset to block the output liquid outlet 31.

[0147] In order to accurately measure the produced fluid, a solution of a liquid collecting barrel 30 is adopted. That is, a barrel with a relatively small cross-section is used as a temporary device for collecting the produced fluid. The sensor of the produced fluid is installed at a specific position on the liquid collecting barrel 30. The puller 35 has a limiter for both forward and reverse actions.

[0148] The control method and device provided in the embodiment of the present invention use sensors such as liquid level and flow rate to comprehensively determine the presence of produced fluid, automatically adjust the well closing time according to the well opening time, and can calibrate the device solidification parameters according to the historical data recorded by the system, so that the operating state of the device is more reasonable. The calibration method is simple, and while ensuring relatively stable production, the working time of the pumping unit is reduced and the motor load rate is increased.

[0149] The above implementation modes are only used to illustrate the present invention, but not to limit the present invention. Ordinary technicians in the relevant technical field can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent technical solutions also belong to the scope of the present invention. The patent protection scope of the present invention should be defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A method for controlling inter-well pumping of an oil pumping unit, characterized in that: include: Step S1, collect the output fluid when the pumping well is running, and when there is no output fluid, shut down the well and record the well opening time t0 and the well opening operation time t R; Step S2: Determine the shut-in time t according to the curve of the change of the oil well liquid level over time. S With t R Functional relationship of Step S3: Each time the pumping well is opened or closed, the operation time t R Automatically match and adjust the shut-in time t S After multiple well opening and closing operations, the pumping unit enters a relatively matching operating state; Step S4, obtaining the well opening time t0 and well opening operation time t0 of the pumping well for multiple times R The historical records are used to form multiple groups of control strategy determination data tables, and the current working status of the oil well is determined according to the control strategy determination data tables; Step S5, adjusting the curing parameters of the pumping well according to the working status of the oil well; Among them, t S With t R The functional relationship is: ; Where: t S —Shut-in time, t R —well opening operation time, k—proportional coefficient, b—compensation constant, the default value is k=1, b=12 or 24; Wherein, the shut-in time t in step S3 is S After the determination, it also includes calculating the time t from the end of the produced liquid operation to the fixed point time when the produced liquid ends. Δ ; The fixed time is the starting time of the valley section corresponding to the peak and valley electricity consumption specified by the industry department, or the user can set this time parameter by himself; If it satisfies (t S +t R )≤t Δ ≤2(t S +t R ), the well is stopped, and after a delay to the starting point of the valley section, the adjustment parameters and environmental conditions are entered into the detection phase, and the pumping operation is ready to be restarted. R ; If not satisfied (t S +t R )≤t Δ ≤2(t S +t R ) when t Δ >2(t S +t R ), then the delay t S After that, enter the test phase to adjust the parameters and meet the environmental conditions, and prepare to restart the pumping operation. R ; When t Δ <(t S +t R ), then the delay t S Then enter the test phase to adjust parameters and meet environmental conditions to ensure the integrity of the program and prepare to restart the pumping operation. R .

2. The method for controlling inter-well pumping of an oil pumping unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The curing parameters include a control strategy determination data table and a fixed point time. The control strategy determination data table includes a maximum well stopping time t max , minimum well stopping time t min Time parameters, operation time data; the operation time data includes the well opening time t0, the well opening operation time t R ; When the well is opened and operated for time t R ≥t max When the well is shut in, set the shut-in time t S =t min ; When the well is opened and operated for time t R ≤1h, set the well shut-in time t S =t max .

3. A pumping unit inter-well pumping control system based on the pumping unit inter-well pumping control method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: include: Microcontroller, sensor signal interface module, liquid level sensor, pressure sensor, serial port clock chip, serial port memory, data reading interface, display screen, transmitter module, communication module, isolation driver, output module and oil pumping unit electrical control box; The microcontroller is connected to the liquid level sensor and the pressure sensor via a sensor signal interface module; The microcontroller controls the electric control box of the pumping unit through the isolation drive and output module to realize the control of the pumping well; The microcontroller is connected to a display screen for displaying the working status of the device; The microcontroller is connected to the transmitting module and the communication module for communication between the system and the peripheral devices or the host computer; The microcontroller is connected to a serial port clock chip to provide a real-time clock for the system; The microcontroller is connected to the serial port memory for address partition storage system fixed parameters and time data, and the data therein is read through the data reading interface.

4. The inter-well pumping control system of the pumping unit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The microcontroller is connected to a mode switch and a setting button; the mode switch uses a multi-bit band switch to select a group of data in multiple control strategy determination data tables to meet well condition requirements; the setting button is used to set system curing parameters and time constant data; the control device curing parameters are stored in a specific area and are managed in a partition with the time data storage. When the data in the time data storage area is full, the data is overwritten from the specified starting address.

5. The inter-well pumping control system of the pumping unit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The microcontroller connection allows a start button and a stop button to be used for safe management of starting and stopping the system.

6. The inter-well pumping control system of the pumping unit according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a multi-channel infrared pyroelectric sensor and an alarm connected to the microcontroller; The multi-channel infrared pyroelectric sensor measures the animals present near the well site, detects the presence of animals, prohibits the microcontroller from sending a start signal, sends an audible and visual alarm signal through the alarm, and sends an alarm signal through the sending module at the same time.

7. The inter-well pumping control system of the pumping unit according to claim 3, characterized in that: Also includes: A liquid collecting barrel, wherein a pressure sensor is installed on the side wall of the liquid collecting barrel near the bottom, a liquid level sensor is installed on the upper part of the liquid collecting barrel, and a flow sensor is connected in series on the liquid inlet pipe of the liquid collecting barrel; When the produced fluid reaches the liquid level set in the liquid collecting barrel, the sensor and control mechanism of the liquid collecting barrel itself can discharge the produced fluid, and the discharged fluid is drained into the large volume of produced fluid.

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