A propeller capable of quickly adjusting pitch angle limit and limit adjustment method thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to a propeller capable of quickly adjusting the pitch angle limit and a limit adjustment method thereof. The propeller comprises a hub, a blade, a pitch-changing mechanism, an upper limit device, and a lower limit device. The pitch-changing mechanism comprises a nut and a slider. The nut drives the blade to rotate through the slider to change the pitch angle of the blade. The upper limit device comprises a first limit switch, an upper limit plate, and a first control mechanism. The first control mechanism adjusts the upper limit of the pitch angle by controlling the change of the distance between the upper limit plate and the nut. The lower limit device comprises a second limit switch, a lower limit plate, and a second control mechanism. The second control mechanism adjusts the lower limit of the pitch angle by controlling the distance between the lower limit plate and the nut. The limit adjustment method of the propeller comprises: adjusting the first control mechanism and the second control mechanism to achieve the adjustment of the blade pitch angle limit. By designing the control mechanism, the soft limit and hard limit of the pitch angle limit position are achieved to ensure that the propeller pitch angle is used normally within a preset range.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of aviation equipment, and in particular to a propeller capable of quickly adjusting a pitch angle limit and a limit adjustment method thereof. Background Art

[0002] When a propeller is used on an aircraft, its rotation speed varies according to different flight altitudes and operating environments. In order to achieve maximum engine efficiency, a propeller pitch mechanism is usually used to adjust the pitch angle of the blades. The pitch angle is generally defined as: the angle between the chord of the wing section at 70% or 75% of the spanwise position of the propeller from the center of the disc and the disc rotation plane.

[0003] When the flight conditions change, given the preset propeller speed, the engine receives the command to increase or decrease the throttle, driving the propeller speed to increase or decrease to approach the preset speed. If the speed exceeds or does not reach the preset speed, it is necessary to repeatedly iterate the drive pitch component to increase or decrease the pitch angle. In actual use, the blade pitch angle cannot be increased or decreased without limit, otherwise it will cause the aircraft to fly out of control. Therefore, the blade pitch angle needs to be limited.

[0004] At present, the limit limits of most propeller pitch angles cannot be adjusted secondary according to the operating conditions. Generally, the limit limits are fixed after leaving the factory. Even if you want to adjust it, it is very troublesome. You need to measure the pitch angle of the blades and repeatedly loosen and tighten the related limit components to finally reach the required limit limits. The manpower and time costs are huge, and it will also cause abnormal propeller factory parameters, and eventually lead to flight accidents. With the development of general aviation technology, in order to meet the universal use of aircraft in different operating environments, the ability to quickly adjust the limit limits of the blade pitch angle is of great significance to the widespread application of aircraft. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to be able to quickly adjust the blade pitch angle limit limit, the present application provides a propeller for quickly adjusting the pitch angle limit limit and a limit adjustment method thereof.

[0006] One object of the present application is to provide a propeller for quickly adjusting the pitch angle limit, using the following technical solution:

[0007] A propeller with a fast pitch angle limit adjustment includes a propeller hub, a blade mounted on the propeller hub, a pitch changing mechanism, an upper limit device and a lower limit device, wherein:

[0008] The pitch changing mechanism comprises: a nut that slides relative to the hub along the rotation axis of the blade, and a slider connected to the end of the blade located in the hub, and the nut drives the blade to rotate through the slider to change the pitch angle of the blade;

[0009] The upper limit device comprises: a first limit switch fixed relatively to the propeller hub, an upper limit plate connected to the nut, and a first control mechanism capable of controlling the distance between the upper limit plate and the nut, the upper limit plate moves along with the nut, the upper limit plate is located between the first limit switch and the nut, and the upper limit plate can control the nut to move in the reverse direction after contacting the first limit switch;

[0010] The lower limit device includes: a lower limit plate connected to a second limit switch fixed relatively to the hub and a nut, and a second control mechanism capable of controlling the distance between the lower limit plate and the nut. The lower limit plate moves with the nut, and the second limit switch is located between the lower limit plate and the nut. After the lower limit plate contacts the second limit switch, the nut can be controlled to move in the opposite direction.

[0011] Through the above technical solution, the nut moves up and down to drive the slider to move, and the movement of the slider drives the blade to rotate to change the pitch angle of the blade. In the process of adjusting the pitch angle, after the upper limit plate abuts against the first limit switch, the variable pitch control system drives the nut to move in the opposite direction, that is, to reach the upper limit range of the pitch angle adjustment; similarly, after the lower limit plate abuts against the second limit switch, the variable pitch control system drives the nut to move in the opposite direction, that is, to reach the lower limit range of the pitch angle adjustment.

[0012] When the pitch angle needs to be adjusted to an extreme, the distance between the upper limit plate and the nut is adjusted by the first control mechanism, and the distance between the lower limit plate and the nut is adjusted by the second control mechanism. At this time, the movement of the nut drives the upper limit plate and the lower limit plate to move together, so that when the upper limit plate abuts against the first limit switch, and when the lower limit plate abuts against the second limit switch, the distance moved by the nut changes, that is, the extreme pitch angle of the pitch angle changes, thereby achieving the effect of being able to quickly adjust the extreme limit of the propeller pitch angle.

[0013] In the above propeller, the hub is fixedly connected to a limit seat, and the limit seat is provided with a pitch angle scale.

[0014] In the above-mentioned propeller, grooves are provided on the surface of the limit seat facing the upper limit plate and the surface facing the lower limit plate, and the first limit switch and the second limit switch are fixed in the grooves, so that the first limit switch is flush with the surface of the limit seat facing the upper limit plate, and the second limit switch is flush with the surface of the limit seat facing the lower limit plate. Two first limit switches are provided, and the two first limit switches are respectively provided on both sides of the upper limit rod, and two second limit switches are provided, and the two second limit switches are respectively provided on both sides of the lower limit rod.

[0015] In the above propeller, the first control mechanism includes an upper limit rod, the upper limit rod is fixedly connected to the nut, and the upper limit plate can move relative to the upper limit rod along the length direction of the upper limit rod.

[0016] In the above-mentioned propeller, the first control mechanism also includes an upper adjusting ring and a first spring, the upper limit rod is provided with a positioning step and a hard limit step, the first spring is sleeved on the outside of the upper limit rod and clamped between the positioning step and the upper limit plate, the hard limit step is provided between the upper limit plate and the nut, the upper adjusting ring is threadedly connected to the outside of the upper limit rod, and the large end face of the upper limit plate abuts against the end face of the upper adjusting ring under the pressure of the first spring.

[0017] Through the above technical solution, when the first limit switch fails, the upper limit plate compresses the first spring to make hard contact with the hard limit step of the upper limit rod and collide with the limit seat, causing the working current of the variable pitch motor to increase instantaneously, triggering the controller to reverse the current and controlling the nut to move in the opposite direction.

[0018] In the above propeller, the second control mechanism includes a lower limit rod, the lower limit rod is fixedly connected to the nut, and the lower limit plate can move relative to the lower limit rod along the length direction of the lower limit rod.

[0019] In the above-mentioned propeller, the second control mechanism also includes a lower adjusting ring, a second spring and a fastening ring, the lower adjusting ring is threadedly connected to the outside of the lower limit rod, the fastening ring is connected to the outside of the lower adjusting ring, the lower limit plate is slidably connected to the outside of the lower adjusting ring, a positioning step is provided at the end of the lower adjusting ring, the second spring is clamped between the fastening ring and the lower limit plate, and the lower limit plate is pressed against the positioning step under the action of the second spring.

[0020] Through the above technical solution, when the second limit switch fails, the lower limit plate compresses the second spring to make hard contact with the end face of the fastening ring and collide with the limit seat, causing the working current of the variable pitch motor to increase instantaneously, triggering the controller to reverse the current and control the nut to move in the opposite direction.

[0021] In the above propeller, the limiting seat is fixedly connected to the first support bearing, and the upper adjusting ring passes through the first support bearing and is slidably connected to the first support bearing.

[0022] In the above propeller, the limiting seat is fixedly connected to the second support bearing, and the lower adjusting ring passes through the second support bearing and is slidably connected to the second support bearing.

[0023] Another object of the present application is to provide a method for adjusting the limit of a propeller for quickly adjusting the pitch angle limit.

[0024] A method for adjusting the limit position of a propeller for quickly adjusting the pitch angle limit comprises the following steps:

[0025] Set the limit range of the blade pitch angle that needs to be adjusted, and compare the actual pitch angle limit range with the upper and lower limits of the preset pitch angle limit range, and subtract the two to get the scale number that needs to be adjusted;

[0026] The distance between the upper limit plate and the nut is adjusted by the first control mechanism, and the distance between the lower limit plate and the nut is adjusted by the second control mechanism.

[0027] In the above limit adjustment method, when the blade pitch angle is 0°, the distance that the center line of the slider deviates from the blade rotation axis is r, and the angle between the plane formed by the blade rotation axis and the horizontal plane is θ0, which is used as the reference value L0 of the limit seat scale. If the blade pitch angle rotates i°, the slider pushes the nut to move the displacement Li = rsin (θ0) -rsin (θ0-i), and scales are performed in turn.

[0028] Preferably, when the slider is in the horizontal position, it is near the average value of the minimum value and the maximum value of the blade pitch angle range.

[0029] The center line of the slider refers to the axis of rotation of the slider, that is, Figure 3 The axis at the center of the small circle in the middle of the middle slider; the blade rotation axis refers to the axis at the end of the blade, that is, the axis of the blade end. Figure 3 The axis is at the center of the large circle. The slider is in a horizontal position, that is, the slider is in Figure 3 The horizontal radius position of the center circle.

[0030] The calibration of the pitch angle on the limit device is obtained by calculating the displacement transfer path of the pitch-changing mechanism.

[0031] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0032] 1. By setting the upper limit component and the lower limit component, the propeller pitch angle limit position can be quickly adjusted;

[0033] 2. The upper and lower adjustment rings are designed to achieve simple operation of adjusting the propeller pitch angle limit position; the pitch angle scale on the limit seat is designed to greatly reduce the complex calibration of the propeller pitch angle limit position adjustment, and rapid adjustment can be achieved through the scale;

[0034] 3. Through the arrangement of the first spring and the second spring, the force acting on the first limit switch and the second limit switch is reduced, the first limit switch and the second limit switch are not easily damaged, and the operation is more stable and reliable;

[0035] 4. Through the modular design of the device, the upper limit component and the lower limit component of the pitch angle under high-speed rotation of the propeller are able to work stably and reliably, with less wear and longer service life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of a propeller with a rapid adjustment of pitch angle limit in a specific implementation manner of the present application.

[0037] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The two-dimensional sectional view is obtained by taking the axis of the upper limit rod and the lower limit rod as the section.

[0038] Figure 3 It is a view of the blade root along the axis of the blade root, and the circle is a view of the blade root along the axis of the blade root.

[0039] Description of reference numerals: 11, variable pitch motor; 12, limit seat; 13, fixing flange; 14, propeller hub; 15, lead screw; 16, nut; 17, slider; 18, propeller blade;

[0040] 21. Upper limit lever; 31. Lower limit lever;

[0041] 22. Upper adjustment ring; 32. Lower adjustment ring;

[0042] 23. First support bearing; 33. Second support bearing; 34. Fastening ring;

[0043] 24. Upper limit plate; 36. Lower limit plate;

[0044] 25, first spring; 35, second spring;

[0045] 26. First limit switch; 37. Second limit switch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The following is combined with Figure 1-2 This application is described in further detail.

[0047] An embodiment of the present application discloses a propeller capable of quickly adjusting a pitch angle limit.

[0048] Reference Figure 1 A propeller with a fast pitch angle limit adjustment includes a hub 14, a blade 18 rotatably connected to the hub 14, a pitch changing mechanism, an upper limit device and a lower limit device. The pitch changing mechanism changes the pitch angle of the blade 18, the upper limit device makes the upper limit of the propeller pitch angle adjustable, and the lower limit device makes the lower limit of the propeller pitch angle adjustable.

[0049] Reference Figure 2The pitch-changing mechanism includes a lead screw 15 rotatably connected to a propeller hub 14, a nut 16 threadedly connected to the outside of the lead screw 15, and a slider 17 rotatably connected to the end of the blade 18 located in the propeller hub 14. The propeller hub 14 is fixedly connected to a limited position seat 12 and a fixed flange 13. The lead screw 15 is rotatably connected to the fixed flange 13. The fixed flange 13 is positioned and fixed by cooperating with the propeller hub 14. The lead screw 15 is connected to a pitch-changing motor 11 that can drive itself to rotate. The pitch-changing motor 11 is fixed to the fixed flange 13. The surface of the nut 16 is provided with a slide groove whose length direction is perpendicular to the axis direction of the lead screw 15. The slider 17 is located in the slide groove and can slide along the length direction of the slide groove. The slider 17 is located at a position where the end of the blade 18 deviates from the axis of the blade 18. When the pitch-changing motor 11 drives the lead screw 15 to rotate, the lead screw 15 drives the nut 16 to move along the axial direction of the lead screw 15, the nut 16 drives the slider 17 to move, and the slider 17 drives the blade 18 to rotate, thereby achieving the goal that the nut 16 drives the blade 18 to rotate through the slider 17 to change the pitch angle of the blade 18.

[0050] Reference Figure 2 The upper limit device includes: a first limit switch 26 fixed relatively to the hub 14, an upper limit plate 24 connected to the nut 16, and a first control mechanism capable of controlling the distance between the upper limit plate 24 and the nut 16. The first control mechanism includes an upper limit rod 21, an upper adjustment ring 22, and a first spring 25. The upper limit rod 21 is fixedly connected to the nut 16, the upper limit rod 21 is provided with a positioning step, the first spring 25 is sleeved outside the upper limit rod 21 and clamped between the positioning step and the upper limit plate 24, the upper limit plate 24 and the upper limit rod 21 are slidably connected along the axial direction of the upper limit rod 21, the first limit switch 26 is fixedly connected to the limit seat 12, and the upper limit plate 24 is located between the first limit switch 26 and the nut 16. The upper adjustment ring 22 is threadedly connected to the outer side of the upper limit rod 21, and the side of the upper limit plate 24 facing the first limit switch 26 abuts against the end surface of the upper adjustment ring 22 under the pressure of the first spring 25. After the upper limit plate 24 contacts the first limit switch 26, the pitch motor 11 can be controlled to reverse, thereby controlling the nut 16 to move in the opposite direction. The limit seat 12 is provided with a pitch angle scale, each scale corresponding to 1°.

[0051] When adjusting the upper limit of the pitch angle, the upper adjusting ring 22 is rotated. While the upper adjusting ring 22 moves along the axial direction of the upper limit positioning rod 21, the first spring 25 drives the upper limit positioning plate 24 to move along the axial direction of the upper limit positioning rod 21. The distance between the upper limit positioning plate 24 and the nut 16 changes, and the upper limit of the pitch angle of the propeller changes.

[0052] Reference Figure 2The lower limit device includes: a lower limit plate 36 connected to the nut 16 and a second limit switch 37 fixed relatively to the hub 14, and a second control mechanism capable of controlling the distance between the lower limit plate 36 and the nut 16. The second control mechanism includes a lower limit rod 31, a lower adjustment ring 32, a second spring 35 and a fastening ring 34, the lower limit rod 31 is fixedly connected to the nut 16, the lower adjustment ring 32 is threadedly connected to the outside of the lower limit rod 31, the fastening ring 34 is connected to the outside of the lower adjustment ring 32, the fastening ring 34 and the lower adjustment ring 32 can be fixedly connected or threaded, a positioning step is provided at the end of the lower adjustment ring 32, the lower limit plate 36 is slidably connected to the outside of the lower adjustment ring 32 along the length direction of the adjustment ring, the lower limit plate 36 is located between the positioning step and the fastening ring 34, the second spring 35 is clamped between the fastening ring 34 and the lower limit plate 36, and the second spring 35 is in a compressed state, and the lower limit plate 36 is pressed against the positioning step under the extrusion of the second spring 35. The second limit switch 37 is fixedly connected to the limit seat 12 and is located between the lower limit plate 36 and the nut 16. When the lower limit plate 36 contacts the second limit switch 37, the variable pitch motor 11 can be controlled to reverse, thereby controlling the nut 16 to move in the opposite direction.

[0053] When adjusting the lower limit of the pitch angle, rotate the lower adjusting ring 32. While the lower adjusting ring 32 moves along the axial direction of the lower limit rod 31, the lower adjusting ring 32 drives the lower limit plate 36 to move along the axial direction of the lower limit rod 31. The distance between the lower limit plate 36 and the nut 16 changes, and the lower limit of the pitch angle of the propeller changes.

[0054] Reference Figure 1 The limiting seat 12 is fixedly connected with a first support bearing 23, and the upper adjustment ring 22 passes through the first support bearing 23 and is slidably connected with the first support bearing 23. The limiting seat 12 is fixedly connected with a second support bearing 33, and the lower adjustment ring 32 passes through the second support bearing 33 and is slidably connected with the second support bearing 33. The first support bearing 23 and the second support bearing 33 can both be linear bearings, self-lubricating plastic rings, graphite copper rings, etc. The provision of the first support bearing 23 and the second support bearing 33 improves the stability of the upper adjustment ring 22 and the lower adjustment ring 32.

[0055] Reference Figure 1The surface of the limit seat 12 facing the upper limit plate 24 and the surface facing the lower limit plate 36 are both provided with grooves, and the first limit switch 26 and the second limit switch 37 are both fixed in the grooves, so that the first limit switch 26 is flush with the surface of the limit seat 12 facing the upper limit plate 24, and the second limit switch 37 is flush with the surface of the limit seat 12 facing the lower limit plate 36. Two first limit switches 26 are provided, and the two first limit switches 26 are respectively provided on both sides of the upper limit rod 21, and two second limit switches 37 are provided, and the two second limit switches 37 are respectively provided on both sides of the lower limit rod 31. The upper limit rod 21 is provided with a hard limit step, and the hard limit step is provided between the upper limit plate 24 and the nut 16, and the large end face of the upper limit plate 24 abuts against the end face of the upper adjustment ring 22 under the pressure of the first spring 25. Ensure that the end faces of the triggering posts of the first limit switch 26 and the second limit switch 37 are in contact and compressed with the response limit plate and then fit with the upper end face of the groove. The triggering posts are not easily damaged, and the triggering can be achieved within the normal working range of the pitch angle.

[0056] This embodiment also discloses a method for adjusting the limit position of a propeller for quickly adjusting the pitch angle limit, comprising the following steps:

[0057] (1) When the flight conditions of the aircraft change, the pitch angle of the blade 18 is set to an upper limit range that needs to be adjusted. According to the pitch angle scale on the limit seat 12, each scale corresponds to 1°. The upper limit scale number that needs to be adjusted is obtained by subtracting the actual pitch angle upper limit from the preset pitch angle upper limit, and the lower limit scale number that needs to be adjusted is obtained by subtracting the actual pitch angle lower limit from the preset pitch angle lower limit;

[0058] (2) Upper limit adjustment: When the preset pitch angle upper limit is N° greater or less than the actual pitch angle upper limit, use a wrench to rotate the upper adjustment ring 22 to change the axial position of the upper adjustment ring 22 relative to the upper limit rod 21 until the upper edge of the upper limit plate 24 is adjusted downward or upward by N scale numbers along the axial direction of the upper limit rod 21;

[0059] (3) Lower limit adjustment: When the preset pitch angle lower limit is N° greater or less than the actual pitch angle lower limit, use a wrench to rotate the lower adjustment ring 32 to change the axial position of the lower adjustment ring 32 relative to the lower limit rod 31 until the lower edge of the lower limit plate 36 is adjusted upward or downward N scale numbers along the axial direction of the lower limit rod 31.

[0060] The implementation principle of a propeller with a rapid pitch angle limit adjustment method and its limit adjustment method in an embodiment of the present application is as follows: when the flight conditions of the aircraft change, the limit range within which the pitch angle of the blade 18 needs to be adjusted is set, and according to the pitch angle scale on the limit seat 12, the upper limit scale number that needs to be adjusted is obtained by subtracting the actual pitch angle upper limit from the preset pitch angle upper limit, and the lower limit scale number that needs to be adjusted is obtained by subtracting the actual pitch angle lower limit from the preset pitch angle lower limit.

[0061] The upper adjusting ring 22 is rotated, and while the upper adjusting ring 22 moves, the first spring 25 drives the upper limit plate 24 to move along the axis direction of the upper limit rod 21 until the upper edge of the upper limit plate 24 is flush with the target scale line. The lower adjusting ring 32 is rotated, and the lower adjusting ring 32 drives the lower limit plate 36 to move along the axis direction of the lower limit rod 31 until the lower edge of the lower limit plate 36 is flush with the target scale line. The upper and lower limits of the propeller pitch angle are adjusted.

[0062] When adjusting the pitch angle of the blade 18, the pitch motor 11 drives the lead screw 15 to rotate, and the nut 16 slides up and down along the lead screw 15 to drive the pitch angle of the blade 18 to change. When the pitch angle of the blade 18 reaches the upper limit position or the lower limit position, the upper limit plate 24 or the lower limit plate 36 touches the first limit switch 26 and the second limit switch 37 respectively, and the pitch motor 11 is driven to reverse through the pitch control system.

[0063] The first limit switch 26 and the second limit switch 37 are respectively placed in the groove of the limit seat 12 to ensure that after the end face of the trigger column of the first limit switch 26 contacts and compresses with the upper limit plate 24, or after the end face of the trigger column of the second limit switch 37 contacts and compresses with the lower limit plate 36, the upper limit plate 24, the lower limit plate 36 and the end face of the groove of the limit seat 12 are fitted, and the trigger column is not easily damaged, which can ensure that the triggering can be achieved within the normal working range of the pitch angle adjustment. This is a soft limit. This setting is to protect the limit switch, and when the limit switch fails, the limit plate can collide with the limit seat 12 for secondary limit, which is the so-called hard limit. The redundant design ensures that the propeller pitch angle is used normally within the preset range.

[0064] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A propeller with a fast pitch angle limit adjustment, characterized in that: The invention comprises a propeller hub (14), a propeller blade (18) mounted on the propeller hub (14), a pitch changing mechanism, an upper limit device and a lower limit device, wherein: The pitch changing mechanism comprises: a nut (16) which slides relative to a hub (14) along a rotation axis of the blade (18), and a slider (17) which is connected to an end of the blade (18) located inside the hub (14); the nut (16) drives the blade (18) to rotate via the slider (17) so that the pitch angle of the blade (18) changes; The upper limit device comprises: a first limit switch (26) fixed relative to the propeller hub (14), an upper limit plate (24) connected to the nut (16), and a first control mechanism capable of controlling the distance between the upper limit plate (24) and the nut (16); the upper limit plate (24) moves along with the nut (16); the upper limit plate (24) is located between the first limit switch (26) and the nut (16); and the upper limit plate (24) is used to control the nut (16) to move in the reverse direction after contacting the first limit switch (26); The lower limit device comprises: a lower limit plate (36) connected to a second limit switch (37) fixed relatively to the propeller hub (14) and the nut (16), and a second control mechanism capable of controlling the distance between the lower limit plate (36) and the nut (16); the lower limit plate (36) moves along with the nut (16); the second limit switch (37) is located between the lower limit plate (36) and the nut (16); and the lower limit plate (36) is used to control the nut (16) to move in the reverse direction after contacting the second limit switch (37); The hub (14) is fixedly connected to a limiting seat (12), and the limiting seat (12) is provided with a pitch angle scale; The first control mechanism comprises an upper limit rod (21), an upper adjustment ring (22) and a first spring (25); the upper limit rod (21) is fixedly connected to the nut (16); the upper limit plate (24) moves relative to the upper limit rod (21) along the length direction of the upper limit rod (21); the upper limit rod (21) is provided with a positioning step and a hard limit step; the first spring (25) is sleeved on the outside of the upper limit rod (21) and clamped between the positioning step and the upper limit plate (24); the hard limit step is provided between the upper limit plate (24) and the nut (16); the upper adjustment ring (22) is threadedly connected to the outside of the upper limit rod (21); and the large end surface of the upper limit plate (24) abuts against the end surface of the upper adjustment ring (22) under the pressure of the first spring (25); The second control mechanism comprises a lower limit rod (31), a lower adjustment ring (32), a second spring (35) and a fastening ring (34); the lower limit rod (31) is fixedly connected to the nut (16); the lower limit plate (36) moves relative to the lower limit rod (31) along the length direction of the lower limit rod (31); the lower adjustment ring (32) is threadedly connected to the outside of the lower limit rod (31); the fastening ring (34) is connected to the outside of the lower adjustment ring (32); the lower limit plate (36) is slidably connected to the outside of the lower adjustment ring (32); a positioning step is provided at the end of the lower adjustment ring (32); the second spring (35) is clamped between the fastening ring (34) and the lower limit plate (36); and the lower limit plate (36) is pressed against the positioning step under the action of the second spring (35); The surface of the limit seat (12) facing the upper limit plate (24) and the surface facing the lower limit plate (36) are both provided with grooves, and the first limit switch (26) and the second limit switch (37) are both fixed in the grooves, so that the first limit switch (26) is flush with the surface of the limit seat (12) facing the upper limit plate (24), and the second limit switch (37) is flush with the surface of the limit seat (12) facing the lower limit plate (36), two first limit switches (26) are provided, and the two first limit switches (26) are respectively provided on both sides of the upper limit rod (21), and two second limit switches (37) are provided, and the two second limit switches (37) are respectively provided on both sides of the lower limit rod (31); The limiting seat (12) is fixedly connected to a second support bearing (33), and the lower adjustment ring (32) passes through the second support bearing (33) and is slidably connected to the second support bearing (33).

2. The propeller with rapid pitch angle adjustment limit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting seat (12) is fixedly connected to a first supporting bearing (23), and the upper adjusting ring (22) passes through the first supporting bearing (23) and is slidably connected to the first supporting bearing (23).

3. A method for adjusting the limit of a propeller for quickly adjusting the pitch angle limit according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The pitch angle of the blade (18) is set to have an adjustable limit range, and the actual pitch angle limit range is compared with the upper and lower limits of the preset pitch angle limit range, and the difference is the scale number required for adjustment; The distance between the upper limit plate (24) and the nut (16) is adjusted by the first control mechanism, and the distance between the lower limit plate (36) and the nut (16) is adjusted by the second control mechanism.

4. The method for adjusting the limit of a propeller for rapidly adjusting the pitch angle limit according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the pitch angle of the blade (18) is 0°, the distance r that the center line of the slider (17) deviates from the rotation axis of the blade (18) is, and the angle between the plane formed with the rotation axis of the blade (18) and the horizontal plane is θ0, which is used as the reference value L0 of the scale of the limit seat (12); if the pitch angle of the blade (18) rotates i°, the slider (17) pushes the nut to move at a displacement Li=rsin(θ0)-rsin(θ0-i).

5. The method for adjusting the limit of a propeller by rapidly adjusting the pitch angle limit according to claim 4, characterized in that: When the slider (17) is in a horizontal position, it is near the average value of the minimum value and the maximum value of the pitch angle range of the blade (18).

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