Laser processing equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of laser processing, and discloses a laser processing device, comprising a nozzle assembly, a base, a connecting seat, an optical lens assembly, a laser output head assembly and a gas delivery gas path system, wherein the nozzle assembly is installed at the front end of the base, the optical lens assembly is installed in the base and the connecting seat, the laser output head assembly is installed at the rear end of the base through the connecting seat, the gas delivery gas path system is introduced from the rear end of the laser output head assembly, is arranged along the laser output head assembly, the connecting seat and the base, and is led out from the front end of the base to communicate with the inside of the nozzle assembly; the gas delivery gas path system comprises a cooling gas path and a protective gas path, the cooling gas path is introduced from the rear end of the laser output head, passes through the laser output head assembly and the optical lens assembly to cool the laser output head and the optical lens, and is communicated with the inside of the nozzle assembly at the front end of the base; the protective gas path is communicated with the inside of the nozzle assembly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of laser welding, and in particular to a laser processing device. Background Art

[0002] Laser welding is a new type of welding method that uses a focused high-energy laser beam as a heating source. It has been widely used in the manufacturing fields of automobiles, engineering machinery, aircraft, home appliances, high-speed rail, ships, 3C electronics, etc. due to its many advantages such as small heat input, low welding deformation, high weld strength, non-contact operation, rich welding types, easy automation and intelligent processing, fast welding speed, high welding precision, and large welding depth-to-width ratio. A complete laser welding equipment or platform generally includes a laser source, a laser transmission device, a laser welding head, a motion control system, a welding machine, etc. The machine tool is used to fix the workpiece to be welded, and the motion control system drives the laser welding processing head to complete relative motion for processing. This complete platform welding equipment is often large in size and weight, complex in structure, and expensive, and is more suitable for large enterprises with batch processing operations.

[0003] In order to expand the application of laser processing to a wider range of users, handheld laser welding equipment came into being. It uses the hand to hold the welding processing head to complete relative motion for welding processing, eliminating the complex and large motion control system and machine tools, and can be made into portable laser welding equipment. After several years of development, in addition to the advantages of laser welding, handheld laser welding also has the advantages of small size, light weight, low cost, flexible processing methods, and a wide range of applications. It has a considerable cost-effectiveness advantage over traditional welding equipment such as arc welding and argon arc welding, and has gradually received widespread attention and application.

[0004] The important components of handheld laser welding equipment are laser and handheld laser welding head. The laser is not much different from platform processing, but the welding head used in handheld processing requires smaller size, lighter weight, higher reliability and easier operation than platform processing. In particular, the size and weight must be small to be suitable for human hand holding to complete the welding process.

[0005] Conventional integrated laser output head and welding head equipment is cooled by passing cooling water, which has the risk of water leakage and also causes the integrated laser output head and welding head equipment to be large in size and weight, and high in cost. In addition, the smoke generated by the workpiece to be welded can easily contaminate the protective lenses inside the integrated laser output head and welding head equipment, causing damage to the integrated laser output head and welding head equipment.

[0006] Therefore, it is necessary to design a laser processing air cooling system for cooling the optical components of the laser processing head and blowing away the smoke generated by the workpiece to be welded. Summary of the invention

[0007] The embodiment of the present invention aims to provide a laser processing device, wherein the full air-cooling design is beneficial to protecting the laser processing head from contamination by processing smoke and dust, and cooling the optical components inside the laser processing head.

[0008] The embodiment of the present invention solves the technical problem by adopting the following technical solution:

[0009] A laser processing device comprises a nozzle assembly, a base, a connecting seat, an optical lens assembly, a laser output head assembly and a gas delivery gas path system, wherein the gas delivery gas path system comprises a cooling gas path and a protective gas path; the cooling gas path is arranged around the periphery of the laser output head assembly and around the light passage of the base near the optical lens assembly to cool the laser output head and the optical lens respectively, and the protective gas path is connected to the channel in the nozzle assembly.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment, when the shielding gas flows into the nozzle assembly from the end of the shielding gas path, under the action of the end, the shielding gas has a component velocity in the tangential direction of the channel in the nozzle assembly, so that the shielding gas generates a spiral airflow in the nozzle assembly.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment, the cooling air path includes a plurality of air outlets arranged at intervals around the axis of the light passage of the base, and the plurality of air outlets are arranged to be inclined from the periphery to the axis of the light passage, and the inclination angles of the plurality of air outlets are the same.

[0012] As a preferred solution, each optical lens of the optical lens assembly can be detachably installed in the base and the connecting seat.

[0013] As a preferred solution, the nozzle assembly is provided with an acceleration chamber for increasing the gas flow velocity, and a buffer chamber for changing the gas flow pattern and reducing the gas flow velocity.

[0014] As a preferred solution, the acceleration chamber is provided with a large end and a small end, the cross section of the acceleration chamber gradually decreases from the large end to the small end, and the cross section of the buffer chamber is larger than the cross section of the small end.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment, at least one inclined air inlet is provided on the barrel seat of the nozzle assembly, one end of the air inlet is connected to the protective air path of the gas delivery air path system, and the other end of the air inlet is connected to the interior of the barrel seat.

[0016] As a preferred solution, a protective shell is further provided around the connecting seat and the laser output head assembly, and the protective shell wraps the connecting seat and the laser output head assembly as a whole.

[0017] As a preferred solution, the laser output head assembly includes an outer shell, an inner shell sealed and installed in the outer shell, and a quartz end cap and a power transmission optical fiber arranged in the inner shell. The quartz end cap is arranged at the front end of the inner shell, and the power transmission optical fiber is arranged axially along the inner shell. One end of the power transmission optical fiber is connected to the quartz end cap, and the other end extends from the inner shell; the laser output head assembly is connected to the rear end of the connecting seat through the outer shell.

[0018] As a preferred solution, the cooling air circuit includes a first cooling section arranged around the outer periphery of the radiator.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: after the gas in the gas delivery gas path system passes through the laser output head assembly and the optical lens assembly, it is introduced into the nozzle assembly and ejected from the nozzle assembly, which is used to cool the laser output head assembly, the optical lens assembly and the nozzle assembly, and blow away the smoke generated by the workpiece to be processed, and ensure a full air-cooled design, which is beneficial to reducing the weight of the laser processing head and cooling the components inside the laser processing head. The design of multiple gas distribution pipes not only realizes the cooling and protection of the optical components, but also adjusts the relative proportion of the gas flow size of the cooling gas path and the protective gas path according to the processing requirements, and can make full use of the external gas flow. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] One or more embodiments are exemplarily described by corresponding drawings, which do not constitute limitations on the embodiments. Elements with the same reference numerals in the drawings represent similar elements, and the figures in the drawings do not constitute proportional limitations unless otherwise stated.

[0021] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the connection between a laser welding gun and a laser according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a laser welding gun according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the laser welding gun of the illustrated embodiment;

[0024] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a gas delivery gas circuit system of a laser welding gun of the illustrated embodiment;

[0025] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the connection of the second cooling section of an embodiment of the gas delivery gas circuit system shown;

[0026] Figure 6 for Figure 2A schematic diagram of the structure of the laser welding gun at the position of the laser output head assembly of the illustrated embodiment;

[0027] Figure 7 Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a laser welding gun in the embodiment shown in the figure having a second cooling section;

[0028] Figure 8 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the laser welding gun movable mounting part provided with a cooling channel in the embodiment shown;

[0029] Fig. 9 for Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a laser welding gun provided with an air duct ring in the embodiment shown;

[0030] Fig.10 for Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of an air duct ring of a laser welding gun of the illustrated embodiment;

[0031] Fig.11 for Figure 2 Another structural schematic diagram of the air duct ring of the laser welding gun of the illustrated embodiment;

[0032] Fig.12 for Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a nozzle assembly of a laser welding gun of the illustrated embodiment;

[0033] Fig.13 for Fig.12 A schematic cross-sectional view of the nozzle assembly shown;

[0034] Fig.14 for Fig.12 A schematic structural diagram of a barrel seat of a nozzle assembly shown;

[0035] Fig.15 for Figure 2 The laser welding gun of the illustrated embodiment is a schematic structural diagram of a wire feeding assembly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to facilitate the understanding of the present invention, the present invention is described in more detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that when an element is described as "fixed to" / "fixed to" / "installed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element, or there can be one or more centered elements therebetween. When an element is described as "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element, or there can be one or more centered elements therebetween. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right", "inside", "outside" and similar expressions used in this specification are for illustrative purposes only.

[0037] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this specification have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art of the present invention. The terms used in the specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and / or" used in this specification includes any and all combinations of one or more of the related listed items.

[0038] In addition, the technical features involved in different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0039] The laser processing equipment in the embodiment of the present invention takes a laser welding gun as an example to specifically illustrate the technical scheme and technical features of the present invention, but the technical scheme of the present invention is not limited to actual application to the laser welding gun. Other laser processing equipment that has the same, similar or partially the same structural features and working components as the laser welding gun, or has the same working principles and application scenarios as the laser welding gun, such as laser cutting guns, laser cleaning guns, etc., the technical scheme of the present invention can also be applied to these laser processing equipment.

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, in order to solve the above problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides a laser welding gun 200 , in which the laser 100 is connected to a laser output head assembly of the laser welding gun 200 via an optical fiber to input laser light to the laser welding gun 200 .

[0041] like Figure 2 As shown, a laser welding gun 200 is schematically disclosed, and its overall appearance includes an execution part, a main body part and a hand-held part. The main body part includes a horizontal section and an inclined section. The execution part and the hand-held part are connected with the horizontal section and the inclined section respectively, so that the shape of the laser welding gun is roughly pistol-shaped, so as to conform to the ergonomic design and facilitate hand-held operation.

[0042] Combination Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, structurally, the laser welding gun 200 includes a base 1, a nozzle assembly 2, a connecting seat 3, an optical lens assembly 4, a laser output head assembly 5, and a gas delivery gas path system 6; wherein the base 1 and the connecting seat 3 are correspondingly arranged on the main body part, the nozzle assembly 2 is correspondingly arranged on the execution part, and the laser output head assembly 5 is correspondingly arranged on the handheld part, and the overall structure of the laser welding gun can be set into a multi-stage structure. For example, a three-stage structure, from the perspective of the external structure, wherein the first section is the nozzle assembly 2, the second section is the base 1, the third section is the connecting seat 3 and the laser output head assembly 5, the optical lens assembly 4 is installed in the base 1 and the connecting seat 3, the laser output head assembly 5 is connected to the base 1 through the connecting seat 3, and the gas delivery gas path system 6 connects these three sections of the structure with a gas path. Thus, the split connection of the nozzle assembly 2, the base 1 and the laser output head assembly 5 can be realized, so as to facilitate the individual replacement and maintenance of each component.

[0043] The nozzle assembly 2 is installed at the front end of the base 1, and the optical lens assembly 4 includes a protective lens module 41, a focusing lens module 42, a reflector module 43 and a collimating lens module (not marked), wherein the protective lens module 41 is located in front of the focusing lens module 42, the reflector module 43 is located behind the focusing lens module 42, the collimating lens module is located at the lower side behind the reflector module 43, and the laser output head assembly 5 is located behind the collimating lens module. The laser output by the laser output head assembly 5 first passes through the collimating lens of the collimating lens module to collimate the laser, and then passes through the reflector of the reflector module 43, and the reflector reflects the laser to the focusing lens of the focusing lens module 42 for focusing. The focused laser passes through the protective lens of the protective lens module 41 and is ejected from the nozzle of the nozzle assembly 2 to act on the welded workpiece.

[0044] The protective mirror module 41 and the focusing mirror module 42 are installed in the cavity of the base 1, the reflecting mirror module 43 and the collimating mirror module are installed in the cavity of the connecting seat 3, the rear end of the base 1 is installed at the front end of the connecting seat 3, the laser output head assembly 5 is installed at the rear end of the connecting seat 3, and the gas delivery gas path system 6 is introduced from the rear end of the laser output head assembly 5, arranged along the laser output head assembly 5, the connecting seat 3, and the base 1, and led out from the front end of the base 1 to communicate with the third channel 20 of the nozzle assembly 2.

[0045] The base 1 is provided with a first channel 10 passing through the front and rear ends, and the connecting base 1 is provided with a second channel passing through the front and rear ends. The first channel 10 and the second channel are connected to form a part of the light passage. The laser output from the laser output head assembly 5 passes through the collimation, reflection and focusing of the optical lens assembly in the light passage, passes through the third channel 20 of the nozzle assembly 2, and is emitted from the nozzle 23 of the nozzle assembly 2 to act on the object to be welded.

[0046] Combination Figure 3 and Fig.12 As shown, in the embodiment of the present invention, the nozzle assembly 2 is connected to the front end of the base 1 through its barrel seat 21, and the interior of the nozzle assembly 2 is provided with a third channel 20 that runs through the front and rear ends thereof, and the third channel 20 is communicated with the first channel 10 of the base 1, and the third channel 20 forms a part of the light passage. A first connecting assembly 24 is provided on the rear end of the barrel seat 21, and the nozzle assembly 2 is connected to the front end of the base 1 through the first connecting assembly 24. Specifically, the first connecting assembly 24 includes a first flange 241, a first insulating sheet 242 and a first bolt 244, and the first bolt 244 passes through the first flange 241 and the first insulating sheet 242 in sequence and cooperates with a first threaded hole provided on the front end face of the base 1 to form a fastened connection.

[0047] The front end of the connecting seat 3 is connected to the rear end of the base 1 through the second connecting component 31. The second connecting component 31 includes a second flange, a second insulating sheet and a second bolt. The second bolt passes through the second flange and the second insulating sheet in turn and cooperates with the second threaded hole set on the rear end face of the base 1 to form a fastened connection.

[0048] The front end of the laser output head assembly 5 is provided with a third connection assembly 56, and the laser output head assembly 5 is connected to the rear end of the connection seat 3 through the third connection assembly 56. Specifically, the third connection assembly 56 includes a third flange, a sealing gasket and a third bolt, and the third bolt passes through the third flange and the sealing gasket in sequence and cooperates with the third threaded hole provided on the rear end face of the connection seat 3 to form a fastened connection.

[0049] like Figure 6 As shown, specifically, the laser output head assembly 5 includes an outer shell 51, an inner shell 52 sealed and installed in the outer shell 51, and a quartz end cap 53 and a power transmission optical fiber 54 arranged in the inner shell 52. Among them, the quartz end cap 53 is arranged at the front end of the inner shell 52, and the power transmission optical fiber 54 is arranged along the axial direction of the inner shell 52. One end of the power transmission optical fiber 54 is connected to the quartz end cap 53, and the other end extends from the inner shell 52 to connect with the laser 100, so as to transmit the laser output by the laser 100 to the quartz end cap 53. The third connecting assembly 56 is arranged on the front end of the outer shell 51, and the third flange is arranged on the outer shell 51. The laser output head assembly 5 is connected to the rear end of the connecting seat 3 through the outer shell 51.

[0050] The advantage of this setting is that it realizes the integrated design of the laser output head and connects it with the welding head, which is different from the traditional handheld laser welding equipment. The laser used is QBH connector output, and the QBH connector is used to connect the handheld laser welding head. It avoids the many disadvantages of the traditional docking method, such as misalignment during plugging and unplugging, relatively low reliability and stability, and redundant connectors that lead to a relatively large weight and volume of the welding head.

[0051] The integrated laser output head and the connection method with the welding head adopted in the embodiment of the present invention no longer require the laser output head and the welding head to be plugged into each other, which effectively avoids the risk of misalignment caused by plugging and unplugging in the docking method.

[0052] like Figure 3 As shown, in the base 1, the protective lens module 41 is located in front of the focusing lens module 42. The protective lens module 41 is mainly used to block particulate matter such as smoke, splashes, etc. that may enter the cavity of the base 1 from the third channel 20 of the nozzle assembly 2, and prevent these substances from contacting the focusing lens module, causing the focusing lens to be contaminated and damaged, so as to protect the focusing lens.

[0053] The protective mirror module 41 and the focusing mirror module 42 are both detachably mounted in the base 1 through a first mounting structure 44, and the first mounting structure 44 includes a guide fixing portion 441 and a movable mounting member 442 that is slidably engaged with the guide fixing portion 441. The guide fixing portion 441 is disposed in the cavity of the base 1 to limit and fix the movable mounting member 442, and the movable mounting member 442 is used to respectively and correspondingly mount the optical lenses of the protective mirror module 41 and the focusing mirror module 42, and the optical lenses are mounted in the movable mounting member 442.

[0054] Since the movable mounting part 442 can be freely removed from or assembled on the guide fixing part 441, when replacing or maintaining the optical lens, it is only necessary to independently remove the movable mounting part 442 corresponding to the optical module that needs to be replaced or maintained from the guide fixing part 441, and then take out the optical lens installed in the movable mounting part 442 to replace or maintain the optical lens. There is no need to disassemble the entire base 1 or all the optical modules before replacing or maintaining the optical lens, which makes the replacement and maintenance of the optical lenses of each optical module more convenient and quick, saving maintenance time.

[0055] Combination Figure 3 and Figure 8 As shown, specifically, the guide fixing portion 441 can be a guide groove arranged on the inner wall of the cavity surrounding the base 1, the movable mounting member 442 can be a box body with a hollow middle portion, the hollow portion of the box body forms a light opening 443, the optical lens is installed in the box body, and the box body can be movably clamped in the guide groove to form a drawer structure.

[0056] In order to improve the sealing performance of the movable mounting part and the guide fixing part, a sealing ring can be arranged between the movable mounting part and the guide fixing part, for example, the sealing ring is arranged on the side wall of the guide groove, or the sealing ring is arranged on two opposite end faces of the box body. The sealing ring can improve the tightness and sealing performance of the two, so as to prevent gas leakage in the gas delivery gas path system, resulting in a reduction in the cooling effect of the cooling gas path, and also prevent the smoke, splashes and other particles entering the cavity of the base 1 from contacting the optical lens, causing the optical lens to be contaminated and damaged.

[0057] In addition, a contact sensor is provided on the guide fixing part at each optical module installation position to sense whether the movable mounting parts are assembled in place, so as to check whether the protective lens module and the focusing lens module are assembled in place, thereby improving the accuracy of the position of the optical lens module installed in the base and avoiding human assembly errors; for example, the contact sensor can be installed at the bottom of the guide groove.

[0058] The first mounting structure 44 also includes a first opening 444 and a first cover 445 matched with the first opening 444. The first opening 444 is arranged on the base 1 and is located above the mounting positions of the focusing lens module 42 and the protection lens module 41. When the first cover 445 is opened, the movable mounting member 442 and the guide fixing portion 441 are exposed in the first opening 444. The movable mounting member 442 can be taken out from the cavity of the base 1 or reinstalled in the base 1 through the first opening 444, so as to facilitate the installation, replacement and maintenance of the optical lens. The movable mounting part 442 can be connected and fixed to the first cover 445, so that when the first cover 445 is opened, it can be taken out together with the movable mounting part 442. The first cover 445 is also provided with a captive bolt, which can fasten the first cover 445 to the base 1 to seal the first opening 444, and when the captive bolt is loosened, the captive bolt will not loosen from the first cover 445. At this time, the captive bolt can act as a handle, and the first cover can be taken out from the first opening 444 by holding the captive bolt.

[0059] In addition, if Figure 8 As shown, a cooling channel 440 is provided on the movable mounting part 442. The cooling channel 440 is arranged around the periphery of the optical lens. Docking holes 446 are respectively provided at both ends of the cooling channel 440. The docking holes 446 are used to connect with the cooling gas path so that the cooling gas in the cooling gas path flows through the cooling channel 440 to cool the optical lens.

[0060] Specifically, a cooling channel 440 may be provided at a position close to the extension of the box body, and the shape of the cooling channel 440 may be any shape that can surround the periphery of the optical lens, such as a U-shape, a rectangle, or a semicircle. A docking hole 446 passes through the end surface of the box body and communicates with the cooling channel 440. Two docking holes 446 at both ends of the cooling channel 440 pass through the two opposite end surfaces of the box body and communicate with the cooling channel 440, respectively, to ensure that the cooling gas can flow in from one end of the cooling channel 440 and flow out from the other end of the cooling channel 440, so that the cooling gas can achieve the effect of flowing around the optical lens, so as to fully cool the optical lens and improve the cooling efficiency of the cooling gas path.

[0061] The collimating lens module can also be detachably installed in the cavity of the connecting seat through the first installation structure mentioned above, but the position of the first installation structure is different, which will not be repeated here.

[0062] like Figure 3 As shown, the reflector module 43 is detachably mounted in the cavity of the connecting seat 3 through the second mounting structure 45. The second mounting structure 45 includes a reflector module accommodating cavity 451 arranged in the connecting seat 3, and the reflector module accommodating cavity 451 includes a reflector accommodating portion and a galvanometer motor accommodating portion, the reflector accommodating portion is connected to the light passage, and the shape of the galvanometer motor accommodating portion is adapted to the outer contour of the galvanometer motor of the reflector module 43. The reflector module 43 is movably sleeved with the galvanometer motor accommodating portion through the galvanometer motor, so as to realize positioning installation and detachable connection with the connecting seat 3.

[0063] The second mounting structure 45 also includes a second opening and a second cover matched with the second opening. The second opening is arranged on the connection seat 3 and is located above the reflector module accommodating cavity 451. When the second cover is opened, the reflector module is exposed in the second opening. The reflector module 43 can be taken out from the cavity of the connection seat 3 through the second opening, or reinstalled in the connection seat 3, so as to facilitate the installation, replacement and maintenance of the optical lens. The rear end of the galvanometer motor can be connected and fixed with the second cover, so that it can be taken out together with the reflector module when the second cover is opened. The second cover is also provided with a captive bolt, which can fasten the second cover to the connection seat to seal the second opening, and when the captive bolt is loosened, the captive bolt will not loosen from the second cover. At this time, the captive bolt can act as a handle, and the second cover can be taken out from the second opening by holding the captive bolt.

[0064] In addition, a protective shell is provided around the connection base 3 and the laser output head assembly 5, which wraps the connection base 3 and the laser output head assembly 5 as a whole to improve the connection strength and structural strength between the connection base 3 and the laser output head assembly 5. This prevents the laser output head assembly 5 and the connection position with the connection base 3 from being deformed due to external force when the laser welding gun is handheld, which may affect the normal use of the laser welding gun and even damage the optical device.

[0065] The protective shell includes an upper shell 71 and a left shell 72 and a right shell 73 that are arranged opposite to each other. The left shell 72 and the right shell 73 both include a first covering section and a second covering section. The first covering sections of the left shell 72 and the right shell 73 respectively cover the lower side and the left and right sides of the connecting seat 3 from the left and right sides, and the left and right sides of the upper shell 71 are respectively connected to the first covering sections of the left shell 72 and the right shell 73 to cover the upper side of the connecting seat 3. Therefore, the first covering sections of the left shell 72 and the right shell 73 and the upper shell 71 are connected and matched to cover the connecting seat 3 as a whole, and the second covering sections of the left shell 72 and the right shell 73 are connected and matched to cover the laser output head assembly 5 as a whole.

[0066] The advantage of such a configuration is that, in addition to improving the connection strength and structural strength between the connection base 3 and the laser output head assembly 5, it prevents the laser output head assembly 5 and its connection position with the connection base 3 from being deformed due to external force when the laser welding gun is handheld. When the optical module in the connection base 3 needs to be replaced or maintained, it is only necessary to disassemble the upper shell 71 and perform the corresponding operation, and it is no longer necessary to disassemble the protective shell as a whole, thereby improving the convenience of replacing and maintaining the optical module.

[0067] During the operation of the laser welding gun, on the one hand, due to the long-term output of the laser, the heat accumulation generated is easy to cause damage to the optical lens. On the other hand, particulate matter such as smoke and spatter generated during the welding process is also easy to enter from the third channel of the nozzle assembly and contact the optical lens, which will also cause the optical lens to be burned and damaged.

[0068] Therefore, combined with Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, it is necessary to set up two gas paths for gas path cooling and gas path protection of the optical lens respectively. Based on this purpose, the gas delivery gas path system 6 is provided with a cooling gas path 61 and a protection gas path 62.

[0069] In the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, the directions indicated by the arrows are the directions in which the gas flows in each gas path.

[0070] The cooling air path 61 includes a first air intake section 611 , a first cooling section 612 , a second cooling section 613 and a first output section 614 .

[0071] Specifically, the first air inlet section 611 is used to connect with the external air source pipeline so as to connect the gas to the cooling air path 61. The first air inlet section 611 can be an air pipe, the rear end of which is connected to the valve body 60 of the external air source, the rear end of the first cooling section 612 is provided with a first air inlet, the front end of which is connected to the first air inlet, the first air inlet can be a first through hole opened on the side wall of the rear end of the shell of the laser output head assembly, the first through hole penetrates the side wall of the shell and communicates with the first cooling section, the first air inlet section is connected to the first through hole through a sealing adapter, so as to achieve the purpose of connecting the air pipe with the first air inlet.

[0072] Combination Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, the first cooling section 612 is arranged around the outer circumference of the laser output head assembly 5. Specifically, the first cooling section 612 is arranged around the outer circumference of the inner shell 52 in the outer shell 51 of the laser output head assembly 5. Since the inner shell 52 has good thermal conductivity and can fully absorb the heat generated by the quartz end cap 53, when the cooling gas passes through the first cooling section 612, it circulates around the outer circumference of the inner shell 52 of the laser output head assembly 5 in a circumferential path, so that the cooling gas can fully contact with the inner shell 52, so as to fully absorb the heat transferred to the inner shell 52 by the quartz end cap 53, and have a good cooling effect on the quartz end cap 53.

[0073] Among them, the quartz end cap 53 is arranged at the front end of the inner shell 52, the inner shell 52 is a tubular structure, and a first surrounding structure 55 is provided on the side wall of the inner shell 52. The first surrounding structure 55 is arranged around the axis of the inner shell 52. The first cooling section 612 includes the first surrounding structure 55. The first surrounding structure 55 and the inner wall of the outer shell 51 of the laser output head assembly 5 can be sealed and matched to form a surrounding passage.

[0074] Specifically, the first surrounding structure 55 is a plurality of first annular grooves disposed on the side wall of the inner shell 52, the plurality of first annular grooves are sequentially connected, and the plurality of first annular grooves and the inner wall of the shell are sealed to form a multi-ring passage disposed around the inner shell 52. The multi-ring passage is the first cooling section 612, so that when the airflow of the cooling gas flows through the first cooling section 612, a multi-ring surrounding path is realized to bypass the side wall of the inner shell 52.

[0075] Alternatively, the first surrounding structure 55 is a first spiral groove arranged on the side wall of the inner shell 52, and the inner shell 52 is sealed with the inner wall of the shell, so that the first spiral groove and the inner wall of the shell are sealed to form a spiral passage, and the spiral passage is the first cooling section 612, so that the airflow of the cooling gas realizes a spiral surrounding path around the side wall of the inner shell 52 when flowing through the first cooling section 612.

[0076] The first spiral groove may be a single spiral groove or a plurality of spiral grooves. The first spiral groove may be formed by providing a spiral heat sink on the side wall of the inner shell 52 or by providing a spiral groove on the side wall of the inner shell 52 .

[0077] Alternatively, the first surrounding structure is one or more first air pipes wound on the side wall of the inner shell 52, and the first air pipe is the first cooling section, so that the airflow of the cooling gas can realize a spiral surrounding path around the side wall of the inner shell 52.

[0078] The front end of the first cooling section 612 is provided with a first air outlet, which may be a second through hole opened on the side wall of the front end of the housing 51, and the second through hole penetrates the side wall of the housing 51 and communicates with the first cooling section 612. Specifically, the first air inlet is communicated with the rear end of the spiral groove, and the first air outlet is communicated with the front end of the spiral groove. The first cooling section 612 and the second cooling section 613 may be connected through the first conveying section 615. After the cooling gas comes out of the first cooling section 612, it enters the first conveying section 615 through the first air outlet, and then flows from the first conveying section 615 to the second cooling section 613.

[0079] The first conveying section 615 can be an air delivery channel opened along the axis from back to front on the side wall of the shell 51 and the connecting seat 3, or can be a section of pipeline arranged outside the side wall of the shell 51 and the connecting seat 3. Opening the air delivery channel on the side wall of the shell 51 and the connecting seat 3 can simplify the structure of the cooling gas path, and has better air tightness, so that the appearance of the laser welding gun is also more beautiful, but the processing technology is slightly complicated. Setting the pipeline outside the side wall of the shell 51 and the connecting seat 3 can reduce the complexity of the processing technology, but it will increase the structural complexity of the cooling gas path.

[0080] Combination Figure 4 and Figure 7 As shown, the second cooling section 613 is located near the focusing lens module 42 and is arranged around the light passage. When the cooling gas passes through the second cooling section 613, it bypasses the focusing lens module 42 in a circular path, so that the cooling gas can fully absorb the heat emitted from the focusing lens of the focusing lens module 42 to its surroundings, thereby achieving a better cooling effect on the focusing lens.

[0081] The second cooling section 613 can be arranged behind the focusing lens module 42 and next to the focusing lens module 42, so that the cooling gas can fully absorb the heat emitted from the focusing lens module 42 to its surroundings. The second cooling section 613 can also be arranged in front of the focusing lens module 42. In this case, the second cooling section 613 is located exactly between the focusing lens module 42 and the reflecting lens module 41, so that the cooling gas of the second cooling section 613 can fully absorb the heat emitted from the focusing lens module 42 to its surroundings, and at the same time absorb the heat emitted from the protective lens module 41, so as to cool the protective lens of the protective lens module 41. In addition, the second cooling section 613 can also be arranged both behind and in front of the focusing lens module 42 to obtain a better cooling effect.

[0082] like Figure 7 As shown, specifically, an air duct ring 8 is provided at the rear or front of the focusing lens module 42, or an air duct ring 8 is provided at both the rear and front of the focusing lens module 42. The air duct ring 8 is sealedly installed in the cavity of the base 1, and the air duct ring 8 is a tubular structure, wherein the hollow part forms a part of the light passage, and the air duct ring 8 can be sealed with the inner wall of the cavity of the base 1 to form a surrounding air duct, and the surrounding air duct forms the second cooling section 613. When the air duct ring 8 is provided at both the rear and front of the focusing lens module 42, the surrounding air ducts of the two air duct rings 8 are connected through a connecting air duct.

[0083] The air duct ring 8 has good thermal conductivity and can dissipate heat and cool the focusing lens module 42. The heat emitted by the focusing lens module 42 can be fully contacted with the cooling gas in the surrounding air duct flowing through the air duct ring 8 to fully absorb the heat emitted by the focusing lens module 42, thereby having a good cooling effect on the focusing lens module 42.

[0084] Specifically, a second surrounding structure 81 is provided on the side wall of the air duct ring 8, and the second surrounding structure 81 is arranged around the axis of the air duct ring 8. The second cooling section 613 includes the second surrounding structure 81, and the second surrounding structure 81 can be sealed and matched with the inner wall of the cavity of the base 1 to form a surrounding air duct.

[0085] More specifically, the second surrounding structure 81 is a plurality of second annular grooves opened on the side wall of the air duct ring 8, the plurality of second annular grooves are connected in sequence, and the plurality of second annular grooves are sealed with the inner wall of the cavity of the base 1 to form a multi-ring air duct arranged around the light-passing channel.

[0086] Alternatively, the second surrounding structure 81 is a second spiral groove provided on the side wall of the air duct ring 8, and the second spiral groove is sealed with the inner wall of the cavity of the base 1 to form a spiral air duct provided around the light passage. The second spiral groove can be a single spiral groove or a plurality of spiral grooves, and the second spiral groove can be formed by providing a spiral heat sink on the side wall of the air duct ring 8, or by providing a spiral groove on the side wall of the air duct ring.

[0087] Alternatively, the second surrounding structure is to wind one or more second air pipes with good thermal conductivity on the side wall of the air duct ring, and the second air pipe is the second cooling section, so that the airflow of the cooling gas can realize a spiral surrounding path and bypass the side wall of the air duct ring.

[0088] The rear end of the second cooling section 613 is provided with a second air inlet, and the front end of the second cooling section 613 is provided with a second air outlet. The front end of the first conveying section 615 is connected to the second air inlet to introduce cooling gas into the second cooling section 613, and the second air outlet is connected to the first output section 614 to lead the cooling gas from the second cooling section 613 to the first output section 614.

[0089] The second air inlet can be a third through hole penetrating the side wall of the base 1, the third through hole connecting the first conveying section 615 with the rear end of the surround air duct on the side wall of the air duct ring 8, and the second air outlet can be a fourth through hole penetrating the side wall of the base 1, the fourth through hole connecting the first output section with the front end of the surround air duct on the side wall of the air duct ring 8.

[0090] Combination Figure 4 and Fig. 9 As shown, the first output section 614 is arranged in front of the protective mirror module 41, and the first output section 614 is provided with an air wall generator 90, and the air wall generator 90 includes a plurality of air outlets 91 arranged at intervals on the periphery of the light-through channel 10, and the plurality of air outlets 91 are all arranged to be inclined from the periphery to the axis of the light-through channel, and are connected to the light-through channel. The inclination angles of the air outlets 91 of the air wall generator 90 are the same, and the inclination angle is defined as the angle between the extension line of the axis of the air outlet 91 and the axis of the light-through channel.

[0091] When the cooling gas passes through the first output section 614, it is divided into multiple outlets 91 of the air wall generator 90 and flows into the third channel 20 of the nozzle assembly 2 in front. Since each outlet 91 of the air wall generator 90 is inclined and has the same inclination angle, the airflows flowing out of each outlet 91 will converge and intersect at the same focus at the same inclination angle, and form a ring-shaped air wall 10 in front of the focus. The air wall 10 can prevent particles such as smoke, splashes, etc. entering from the third channel 20 of the nozzle assembly 2 from entering the inner cavity of the base 1, and play a good protective role for the protective mirror of the protective mirror module 41.

[0092] One or more air wall generators can be set according to actual conditions, each air wall generator generates an air wall, and one or more air walls are generated by adjusting the inclination angles of the air outlets of different air wall generators. When the first output section is provided with multiple air wall generators, the multiple air wall generators are arranged in the order of the outer air wall generators surrounding the inner air wall generators.

[0093] Multiple air wall generators can generate the same air wall, or they can generate multiple air walls accordingly. When multiple air wall generators generate the same air wall, it means that the cooling gases flowing out of the air outlets of the multiple air wall generators converge and intersect at the same focus. Therefore, the inclination angles of the air outlets of the multiple air wall generators decrease from the outside to the inside, and the extension lines of the axes of the air outlets of the multiple air wall generators intersect at the same point. When multiple air wall generators generate multiple air walls accordingly, it means that the cooling gases flowing out of the air outlets of different air wall generators converge and intersect at different focal points. Therefore, the inclination angles of the air outlets of the multiple air wall generators are equal or increase from the outside to the inside. The closer the air wall generator is to the axis of the light-transmitting channel, the closer the focal point of the extension line of the axis of its air outlet is to the first output section.

[0094] For example, Fig.10 or Fig.11 As shown, the first output section is provided with two air wall generators, which are named as the first air wall generator 901 and the second air wall generator 902, respectively, and the first air wall generator 901 is wrapped around the outside of the second air wall generator 902. At this time, if the two air wall generators are to generate the same air wall, the inclination angle of the air outlet of the second air wall generator 902 is smaller than the inclination angle of the air outlet of the first air wall generator 901. In this way, after calculating the inclination angles of the air outlets of the first air wall generator 901 and the second air wall generator 902, it is possible to achieve that the extended lines of the air outlet axes of the first air wall generator 901 and the second air wall generator 902 intersect at the same focus, so that the airflows flowing out of the air outlets of the first air wall generator 901 and the second air wall generator 902 converge and intersect at the same focus, and form an air wall in front of the focus.

[0095] Correspondingly, if it is desired to realize that two air wall generators generate two different air walls, the inclination angle of the air outlet of the second air wall generator 902 is equal to or greater than the inclination angle of the air outlet of the first air wall generator 901. In this way, after calculating the inclination angles of the air outlets of the first air wall generator 901 and the second air wall generator 902, it is possible to realize that the extended lines of the air outlet axes of the first air wall generator 901 and the second air wall generator 902 intersect at different focal points, and the focal point of the extended line of the air outlet axis of the second air wall generator 902 is closer to the first output section than the focal point of the extended line of the air outlet axis of the first air wall generator 901, so that the airflows flowing out of the air outlets of the first air wall generator 901 and the second air wall generator 902 converge and intersect at two different focal points, and form an air wall in front of each of the two focal points.

[0096] The principle of generating different numbers of air walls using other numbers of air wall generators is the same as the principle of the above-mentioned embodiment in which two air wall generators generate air walls, and will not be repeated here.

[0097] return Fig. 9 As shown, specifically, an air wall ring 9 is provided in front of the protective mirror module 41, and the air wall ring 9 is sealed and installed in the cavity of the base 1. The air wall ring 9 includes a light hole 92, an air storage part 93 and the above-mentioned air wall generator 90. The light hole 92 is connected with the cavity of the base 1 to form a part of the light passage. The air storage part 93 is an annular groove opened on the side wall of the air wall ring 9. The annular groove is sealed and connected with the inner wall of the cavity of the base 1 to form an air storage chamber. The air outlet 91 of the air wall generator 90 connects the air storage chamber with the light passage.

[0098] The first output section 614 includes a third air inlet, an air storage chamber and an air wall generator 90. The second air outlet of the second cooling section 613 is connected to the third air inlet through the second conveying section 616 to introduce the cooling gas flowing out of the second cooling section 613 into the air storage chamber. The second conveying section 616 is a gas delivery section opened along the axis in the side wall of the base 1. The front end of the second conveying section 616 is provided with a fifth through hole along the radial direction of the base. The fifth through hole is the third air inlet, and the fifth through hole connects the second conveying section with the air storage chamber.

[0099] The cooling gas flowing out of the second cooling section 613 is input into the gas storage chamber from the third air inlet through the second conveying section 616, and then flows out into the light-transmitting channel through the air outlet 91 of the air wall generator 90 to form an air wall 10 in the light-transmitting channel.

[0100] One or more air wall generators can be arranged on the air wall ring 9 to generate one or more air walls in the light passage. The air outlet of the air wall generator can be an inclined hole arranged on the bottom wall of the annular groove, or an inclined hole arranged on the end wall at the front end of the annular groove. The setting method of the inclined hole is the same as the setting method of the air outlet of the air wall generator introduced in the above embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0101] return Figure 8 As shown, the movable mounting member 442 of the first mounting structure mentioned above is provided with a cooling channel 440, and the purpose of providing the cooling channel 440 is to cool the optical lens of the optical module. Therefore, the second cooling section 613 can be formed by the cooling channel 440 alone, or can be formed by the combination of the above-mentioned surrounding air channel and the cooling channel.

[0102] Specifically, when the second cooling section 613 is formed by the cooling channel 440 alone, the cooling gas output from the first cooling section 612 is transported to the cooling channel 440 through the first transport section 615. The cooling gas detours along the outer periphery of the optical lens in the cooling channel 440 to cool the optical lens, and then enters the cooling channel of the next optical module, and so on, and finally flows back to the first output section 614 from the docking hole of the cooling channel of the last optical module.

[0103] For example, the cooling gas delivered from the first delivery section first enters the cooling channel of the movable mounting part of the focusing lens module 42, and detours along the outer periphery of the focusing lens to cool the focusing lens. Then, the cooling gas coming out of the cooling channel of the focusing lens module enters the cooling channel of the movable mounting part of the protective lens module, and detours along the outer periphery of the protective lens to cool the protective lens. Finally, the cooling gas coming out of the cooling channel of the protective lens module is delivered to the front air wall ring through the second delivery section.

[0104] When the second cooling section 613 is formed by a combination of the surrounding air duct 80 and the cooling duct 440, it can be seen from the description of the above embodiment that the surrounding air duct 80 can be arranged behind or in front of the focusing lens module 42, or can be arranged at both the rear and front of the focusing lens module. Therefore, when the second cooling section is formed by a combination of the surrounding air duct and the cooling duct, the combination forms include the following:

[0105] The first one is combined Figure 5 and Figure 8As shown, the cooling gas is first transported to the surrounding air duct 80 through the first transport section, and then comes out after going around in the surrounding air duct 80, and then enters the cooling channel 440 of the focusing lens module 42, and the cooling gas goes around along the outer periphery of the focusing lens in the cooling channel 440 to cool the focusing lens. Then, the cooling gas enters the cooling channel of the protective lens module, and the cooling gas goes around along the outer periphery of the protective lens in the cooling channel to cool the protective lens, and finally flows back to the first output section from the docking hole of the cooling channel of the protective lens module.

[0106] In the second method, the cooling gas is first transported to the cooling channel of the focusing lens module through the first conveying section, and the cooling gas bypasses along the outer circumference of the focusing lens in the cooling channel to cool the focusing lens. The cooling gas coming out of the cooling channel enters the surround air duct, bypasses in the surround air duct and comes out, and then enters the cooling channel of the protective lens module. The cooling gas bypasses along the outer circumference of the protective lens in the cooling channel to cool the protective lens, and finally flows back to the first output section from the docking hole of the cooling channel of the protective lens module.

[0107] The third type is that the cooling gas is first transported to the surround air duct through the first transport section, comes out after detouring in the surround air duct, and then enters the cooling channel of the focusing lens module. The cooling gas detourizes along the outer periphery of the focusing lens in the cooling channel to cool the focusing lens. The cooling gas coming out of the cooling channel enters the surround air duct again, comes out after detouring in the surround air duct, and then enters the cooling channel of the protective lens module. The cooling gas detourizes along the outer periphery of the protective lens in the cooling channel to cool the protective lens, and finally flows back to the first output section from the docking hole of the cooling channel of the protective lens module.

[0108] The specific structural form of the surround air duct mentioned in the above three methods can be realized by using the wind wall ring mentioned above, etc., which will not be repeated here.

[0109] In addition, a temperature sensor is provided at the installation location of each optical module. The temperature sensor is used to monitor the working temperature of the optical module in real time. When abnormal temperature is detected, the abnormal information is fed back in time as an abnormal alarm signal to remind the operator to stop using it.

[0110] return Figure 4 As shown, the protective gas circuit 62 includes a second air intake section 621, a third delivery section 622 and a second input section 623. The second air intake section 621 is located at the front end of the protective gas circuit 62, and the second input section 623 is located at the end of the protective gas circuit 62. The second air intake section 621 is used to connect with an external gas source pipeline so as to connect the gas to the protective gas circuit. The second air intake section 621 can be an air pipe, and the rear end of the air pipe is connected to the valve body 60 of the external gas source. The second air intake section 621 can share the same external gas source with the first air intake section 611.

[0111] For example, the valve body 60 is a three-way valve, and the external air source is connected to the first air inlet section 611 and the second air inlet section 621 respectively through the three-way valve. The second air inlet section 621 is connected to the fourth air inlet provided on the base 1. The fourth air inlet can be a seventh through hole opened on the side wall at the rear end of the base 1, and the seventh through hole penetrates the side wall of the base 1 and communicates with the third conveying section 622. The second air inlet section 621 is connected to the seventh through hole through a sealing adapter to achieve the purpose of connecting the second air inlet section 621 with the fourth air inlet.

[0112] The third delivery section 622 can be an air delivery channel opened along the axis from back to front on the side wall of the base 1, or a section of pipeline arranged outside the side wall of the base 1. Opening the air delivery channel on the side wall of the base 1 can simplify the structure of the protective gas circuit, and has better air tightness, making the appearance of the laser welding gun more beautiful, but the processing technology is slightly complicated. Setting the pipeline outside the side wall of the base 1 can reduce the complexity of the processing technology, but it will increase the structural complexity of the protective gas circuit.

[0113] One end of the second input section 623 is connected to the third channel 24 of the nozzle assembly 2 , and the other end is connected to the third conveying section 622 . The second input section 623 can introduce the protective gas of the third conveying section 622 into the third channel 24 of the nozzle assembly 2 .

[0114] Specifically, Fig.12 As shown, the nozzle assembly 2 includes a nozzle 23, a barrel 22 and a barrel seat 21 which are coaxially connected in sequence, and the nozzle 23, the barrel 22 and the barrel seat 21 are all arranged along the axis to form an internal hollow structure, and the hollow parts of the three are connected to form a third channel 24 that runs through the entire nozzle assembly 2. The third channel 24 allows the gas output by the gas delivery gas path system to pass through, and is ejected by the nozzle 23 to act on the object to be welded. At the same time, the third channel 24 also allows the laser output from the optical lens assembly to pass through, and is ejected by the nozzle 23 to act on the object to be welded.

[0115] At least one air inlet 25 is provided on the barrel seat 21 , one end of the air inlet 25 is communicated with the third conveying section 622 , the other end of the air inlet 25 is communicated with the third channel 24 , and the second input section 623 includes the air inlet 25 .

[0116] In order to effectively prevent the smoke, splashes and other particles outside the welding gun from entering the inner cavity of the base 1 along the third channel 24, thereby contaminating the optical lens and causing the lens to be burned, the air inlet 25 is arranged to be inclined toward the axis from the outer end of the barrel seat 21. When the shielding gas input from the third conveying section 622 enters the third channel 24 through the inclined air inlet 25, the flow direction is changed under the action of the air inlet 25, so that the airflow flows in a spiral form toward the nozzle 23 after entering the third channel 24.

[0117] Since the gas flows in a spiral shape in the third channel 24, the flow resistance caused by the inner wall in the third channel 24 is small, so that the airflow can obtain a relatively consistent flow speed at the edge or center of the third channel 24, ensuring that the overall airflow flows to the nozzle 23 at a constant speed, thereby increasing the resistance of particles such as smoke and splashes to move along the third channel 24 toward the optical lens assembly, effectively preventing particles such as smoke and splashes from contacting the lens of the optical lens assembly, so as to prevent the optical lens from being contaminated and causing the lens to be burned. In addition, it can also prevent the high temperature at the nozzle 23 from continuously transmitting to the rear end of the nozzle assembly 2, and cool the nozzle assembly 2.

[0118] The inclination of the air inlet 25 can be in a plane inclination or in a three-dimensional space inclination. When the air inlet 25 is in a plane inclination, the axis of the air inlet 25 is coplanar with the axis of the third channel 24. After the protective gas flows into the third channel 24 through the air inlet 25, the gas collides with the inner wall of the third channel 24 multiple times to stir the airflow in the third channel 24, so that the airflow gradually forms a spiral shape in the third channel 24.

[0119] like Fig.14 As shown, when the air inlet 25 is inclined in three-dimensional space, an XYZ three-dimensional space coordinate system is established with the center of the hollow part of the barrel seat 21 as the base point, wherein the X axis coincides with the axis of the barrel seat 21, so that the inclination angle of the air inlet 25 can be more intuitively expressed. Specifically, the air inlet 25 is provided with an inclination angle with the XY plane, the YZ plane and the XZ plane, so that the protective gas flowing from the air inlet 25 into the third channel 24 can obtain an initial direction inclined in the XYZ three-dimensional space coordinate system. When the protective gas enters the third channel 24 from the air inlet 25, it has a component velocity in the tangential direction of the third channel 24, which is conducive to the airflow forming a spiral shape in the third channel 24, so that the gas can obtain a spiral airflow after entering the third channel 24, so as to achieve the purpose of the protective gas forming a spiral flow in the third channel 24.

[0120] When there are multiple air inlets 25, the air inlets 25 are arranged at intervals along the outer periphery of the barrel seat 21, and each air inlet 25 can be set to the same tilt posture to ensure that the tilt angle of each air inlet 21 is the same, so that the protective gas flowing from each air inlet 25 to the third channel 24 obtains the same initial direction. The advantage of such a setting is that it can ensure that the gas flowing from each air inlet 25 to the third channel 24 forms an airflow with the same spiral shape. Since the spiral shape of each airflow is the same and the pace is consistent, there will be no interference between each other, which ensures that the spiral airflow flowing in the third channel 24 is more stable and uniform, without turbulent airflow interference, so as to obtain a more effective blocking effect on particles such as smoke, splashes, etc.

[0121] When the air inlet 25 is inclined in a plane, the angle between the axis of the air inlet 25 and the axis of the third channel 24 can be selected in the range of 20° to 80°. For example, the angle between the axis of the air inlet 25 and the axis of the third channel 24 can be set to 30°, 45° or 60°, etc., and the gas flowing into the third channel 24 with these angles as the initial direction can obtain a better spiral airflow.

[0122] When the air inlet 25 is spatially inclined, in the XYZ space coordinate system, the angles between the air inlet 25 and the XY plane, the angles between the air inlet 25 and the XZ plane, and the angles between the air inlet 25 and the three planes are equal, and the angles between the air inlet 25 and the three planes can be selected within the range of 20° to 80°. For example, the angles between the air inlet 25 and the XY plane, the angles between the air inlet 25 and the XZ plane, and the angles between the air inlet 25 and the YZ plane can all be set to 30°, 45°, or 60°, etc., and the gas flowing into the internal channel with these angles as the initial direction can obtain a better spiral airflow.

[0123] Of course, the air inlet 25 on the barrel seat 21 can also be arranged in a spiral shape around the axis of the third channel 24, so that the protective gas can obtain a pre-spiral shape in the air inlet 25. After the protective gas flows from the air inlet 25 into the third channel 24, the protective gas retains the initial shape of the pre-spiral shape in the air inlet 24, so that the protective gas can more easily obtain a spiral flow in the third channel 24, so as to achieve the purpose of forming a spiral flow of the protective gas in the third channel.

[0124] Alternatively, the air inlet 25 on the barrel seat 21 may also be configured to be in an arc shape (e.g., a circular arc or an elliptical arc), so that when the shielding gas enters the third channel 24 from the air inlet 25, it has a component velocity in the tangential direction of the third channel 24, and the component velocity is conducive to the airflow forming a spiral shape in the third channel 24, so that the shielding gas can obtain a spiral airflow after entering the third channel 24, so as to achieve the purpose of the shielding gas forming a spiral flow in the third channel 24.

[0125] like Fig.13 As shown, the hollow part of the barrel seat 21 is set as the first passage 210, the hollow part of the barrel 22 is set as the second passage 220, and the hollow part of the nozzle 23 is set as the third passage 230. The first passage 210, the second passage 220 and the third passage 230 are connected in sequence to form a complete third passage 24. The protective gas in the protective gas path flows into the first passage 210 through the air inlet 25, and a spiral airflow 20 begins to form in the first passage 210. The spiral airflow 20 gradually flows through the second passage 220 and the third passage 230, and finally flows out from the third passage 230.

[0126] The second passage 220 includes an acceleration chamber 221 and a buffer chamber 222. The acceleration chamber 221 is provided with a large end and a small end. The cross section of the acceleration chamber 221 gradually decreases from the large end to the small end of the acceleration chamber 221. The cross section of the buffer chamber 222 is larger than the cross section of the small end of the acceleration chamber 221. The cross section is defined as a cross section perpendicular to the axis of the acceleration chamber 221. The cross section of the acceleration chamber 221 can be circular, elliptical, or a rectangular, square, trapezoidal or other polygon. The cross section of the buffer chamber 222 can be circular, elliptical, or a rectangular, square, trapezoidal or other polygon.

[0127] For example, the acceleration chamber 221 is in a conical shape, the buffer chamber 222 is in a cylindrical shape, the large end of the acceleration chamber 221 is connected to the first passage 210, and the small end of the acceleration chamber 221 is connected to the rear end of the buffer chamber 222. The diameter of the buffer chamber 222 is larger than the diameter of the small end of the acceleration chamber, the front end of the buffer chamber 222 is connected to the third passage 230, and the diameter of the buffer chamber 222 is larger than the diameter of the third passage 230. When the spiral airflow flows through the second passage 220, it first flows from the large end to the small end of the acceleration chamber 221. Since the acceleration chamber 221 is in a conical shape, the spiral airflow is continuously accelerated in the process of flowing toward the small end of the acceleration chamber 221, and the speed is getting faster and faster. The purpose of acceleration is to effectively prevent particles such as smoke and splashes from entering the acceleration chamber 221. The accelerated spiral airflow eventually flows from the small end of the acceleration chamber 221 into the buffer chamber 222. Since the diameter of the buffer chamber 222 is larger than the diameter of the small end of the acceleration chamber 221, when the spiral airflow enters the buffer chamber 222, the flow velocity will suddenly decrease, and the flow pattern will also change, so that the shape of the spiral airflow disappears in the buffer chamber 222, and the airflow gradually forms a straight flow pattern when flowing forward in the buffer chamber 222. Then the airflow flows forward and enters the third passage 230. Since the diameter of the third passage 230 is smaller than the diameter of the buffer chamber 222, the airflow will be accelerated again when flowing through the third passage 230, and the straight-line flow of the airflow is further stabilized. The straight-line airflow eventually flows out of the nozzle 23 from the front end of the third passage 230 and acts on the surface of the workpiece to be welded.

[0128] Among them, the gas flow rate of the third channel 24 is 15-20L / min. If the flow rate is lower than this range, the air flow velocity in the third channel 24 will not meet the requirements, and it will not be able to better block particles such as smoke and spatter, nor can it quickly blow away particles such as smoke and spatter generated on the workpiece surface during welding. If the flow rate is higher than this range, the cost of the gas source will increase.

[0129] The length of the buffer cavity 222 is 1.2-1.5 times the diameter of the buffer cavity, so as to achieve a better airflow buffering effect, so that the airflow speed in the buffer cavity 222 can be reduced to the required ideal range, so as to obtain a better effect of blocking smoke, splashes and other particulate matter. At the same time, the spiral airflow pattern can also be completely changed in the buffer cavity 222.

[0130] The taper of the acceleration chamber 221 is 3-5 degrees, and the length of the acceleration chamber 221 is 2.5-3 times the length of the buffer chamber 222, so that a better acceleration effect can be obtained within a limited volume space structure, so that the airflow reaches a better speed range after being accelerated by the acceleration chamber 221, so that the airflow has a better blocking effect on particles such as smoke and splashes. And after the airflow is decelerated by the buffer chamber 222, it obtains a better initial speed range, which is conducive to the third passage 230 accelerating the airflow again, and after being ejected from the nozzle 23, it can quickly blow away particles such as smoke and splashes generated on the surface of the workpiece during welding.

[0131] In summary, the airflow flowing from the protective gas path into the third channel 24 of the nozzle assembly 2 first forms a spiral airflow in the first passage 210 under the action of the inclined air inlet 25. The spiral airflow enters the second passage 220, is accelerated by the acceleration chamber 221, and enters the buffer chamber 222. In the buffer chamber 222, the speed of the spiral airflow decreases, and the flow pattern also changes, gradually forming a straight line shape forward. Then, when the airflow flows through the third passage 230, it is accelerated again to form a stable straight line flow, and finally flows out of the nozzle 23 from the front end of the third passage 230 to act on the surface of the workpiece to be welded.

[0132] Since the airflow is accelerated after passing through the third passage 230, the airflow speed is the largest when it is ejected from the nozzle 23, and the flow rate of the airflow is the fastest, so that the airflow can quickly blow away the smoke, spatter and other particles generated during welding. Therefore, most of the smoke, spatter and other particles are blocked outside the nozzle and cannot enter the third passage 230, thereby forming the first line of protection.

[0133] The remaining smoke, dust, splashes and other particles enter the second passage 220. Under the action of the buffer chamber 222, the speed of the smoke, dust, splashes and other particles decreases synchronously with the airflow, and the airflow velocity at the small end of the acceleration chamber 221 at the rear end of the buffer chamber 222 suddenly increases, thereby blocking the remaining smoke, dust, splashes and other particles in the buffer chamber 222, forming a second line of protection.

[0134] Furthermore, the spiral airflow in the first passage 210 and the acceleration chamber 221 can also effectively prevent smoke, splashes and other particulate matter from invading the rear end of the first passage, forming a third line of protection. Under the joint action of these three lines of protection, the optical lenses of the optical lens assembly are protected layer by layer, effectively avoiding the contamination of the optical lenses and increasing the service life of the optical lenses.

[0135] Although the spiral airflow in the third channel 24 can block the intrusion of particles such as smoke and splashes, if the airflow is ejected from the nozzle in a spiral shape and acts on the surface of the workpiece to be welded, due to the morphological characteristics of the spiral airflow, the airflow acting on the surface of the workpiece to be welded will not be able to completely cover or evenly cover the processing area of ​​the laser spot, and thus will not be able to block the contact between the air and the welding surface of the workpiece to be welded to a large extent, thereby causing the welding surface material to be oxidized. Therefore, the spiral airflow must first be changed in shape to form a uniform straight airflow shape, and then ejected from the nozzle to ensure that it acts on the surface of the workpiece to be welded and can completely cover the processing area of ​​the laser spot.

[0136] Therefore, it is necessary to set a buffer chamber 222 in the front section of the second passage 220, because the spiral airflow entering the buffer chamber 222 will change its flow form from a spiral form to a straight line flow through the buffer chamber 222. Then the airflow is accelerated again when it flows through the third passage 230, forming a stable straight line flow, so that the airflow is ejected from the nozzle 23 in a straight line and acts on the surface of the workpiece to be welded. The straight line airflow can completely and evenly cover the processing area of ​​the laser spot, effectively preventing oxygen in the air from contacting the welding surface of the workpiece to be welded, and can effectively avoid the occurrence of oxidation and blackening of the material surface caused by welding.

[0137] Alternatively, the air inlet 25 on the barrel seat 21 is set to be straight-through, that is, the air inlet 25 is set to be in a straight line along the radial direction of the barrel seat 21. At this time, when the shielding gas input from the third conveying section 622 flows into the third channel 24 through the air inlet 25, no spiral airflow is generated in the third channel 24, but the airflow flows forward in a straight line, so that the airflow is ejected from the nozzle 23 in a straight line and acts on the surface of the workpiece to be welded. The straight-line airflow can completely and evenly cover the processing area of ​​the laser spot, effectively prevent oxygen in the air from contacting the welding surface of the workpiece to be welded, and can effectively avoid the occurrence of oxidation and blackening of the material surface caused by welding.

[0138] Combination Fig.12 and Fig.14 As shown, as a preferred embodiment, the nozzle 23, the barrel 22 and the barrel seat 21 of the nozzle assembly 2 are separately connected and arranged, so as to facilitate the separate replacement and maintenance of the nozzle 23, the barrel 22 and the barrel seat 21. Of course, the three parts can also be arranged in one piece. Among them, the barrel seat 21 includes a seat body 211 and a connecting pipe 212, the first passage 210 axially penetrates the seat body 211 and the connecting pipe 212, and the air inlet 25 is arranged on the seat body 211 and communicates with the first passage 210. When there are multiple air inlet ducts 25, the multiple air inlet ducts 25 are arranged around the periphery of the first passage 210, and the seat body 211 is also provided with a flange 26 for connecting with the base 1. The barrel 22 and the nozzle 23 are both tubular structures, and the tubular structures of the barrel 22 and the nozzle 23 respectively constitute the second passage 220 and the third passage 230. The gun barrel 22 is connected to the connecting pipe 212 through pipe threads, and the nozzle 23 and the gun barrel 22 are also connected through pipe threads. If necessary, a sealing ring is provided at the threaded joint to improve the sealing performance of the connection between the two.

[0139] In addition, in some cases, when the width of the weld of the workpiece is large, it is necessary to add welding wire as a material to fill the weld to complete the welding. At this time, it is necessary to install a wire feeding assembly on the laser welding gun to achieve the purpose of automatic feeding of welding wire, so as to improve the accuracy of wire feeding and welding efficiency.

[0140] Specifically, Fig.15 As shown, the wire feeding assembly 10 includes a wire nozzle 101, a butt joint tube 102 and a wire feeding tube 103 connected in sequence. The butt joint tube 102 is detachably connected to the nozzle assembly 2 through a fixed adjustment device 104, and the wire feeding tube 103 is detachably connected to the rear end of the protective shell through a connector 105, thereby forming two fixed connection positions, and the wire feeding assembly 10 is reliably connected to the laser welding gun as a whole.

[0141] Among them, the wire outlet of the wire nozzle 101 is aligned with the outlet of the nozzle 23 of the nozzle assembly 2, so that the welding wire sent out from the wire nozzle 101 and the center of the laser output by the nozzle 23 coincide with each other, so as to ensure that the welding wire is completely located in the laser heating zone, so that the high heating temperature can fully melt the welding wire, realize filler welding, and improve the welding quality.

[0142] The fixed adjustment device 104 includes a fixed seat 1041 and an angle adjustment member 1042, the fixed seat 1041 is sleeved on the nozzle assembly 2, and the angle adjustment member 1042 is connected to the butt joint 102 of the wire feeding assembly 10. Specifically, the angle adjustment member 1042 includes an adjustment seat and a locking shaft, one end of the adjustment seat is rotatably connected to the fixed seat 1041 through the locking shaft, and the other end of the adjustment seat is sleeved and fixed to the butt joint 102. By turning the adjustment seat to rotate around the locking shaft, the pitch angle of the wire nozzle can be adjusted to ensure that when the wire feeding assembly matches different nozzle assemblies 2, the wire outlet of the wire nozzle 101 can be aligned with the outlet of the nozzle 23 of the nozzle assembly 2.

[0143] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them. Under the concept of the present invention, the technical features in the above embodiments or different embodiments may also be combined, the steps may be implemented in any order, and there are many other changes in different aspects of the present invention as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of simplicity. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they may still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser processing device, characterized in that: It includes a nozzle assembly, a base, a connecting seat, an optical lens assembly, a laser output head assembly and a gas delivery gas path system, wherein the gas delivery gas path system includes a cooling gas path and a protective gas path; The cooling gas path includes a first output section, the cooling gas path is arranged around the outer periphery of the laser output head assembly, and is arranged around the light-through channel of the base near the optical lens assembly, so as to cool the laser output head and the optical lens respectively, and the cooling gas flows into the third channel of the front nozzle assembly through the first output section. The first output section is also provided with an air wall generator, and the air wall generator includes a plurality of air outlets arranged at intervals on the outer periphery of the light-through channel, and the plurality of air outlets are arranged to be inclined from the periphery to the axis of the light-through channel, and are communicated with the light-through channel; The shielding gas circuit includes a second air intake section, a third conveying section and a second input section. The second air intake section is located at the front end of the shielding gas circuit, and the second input section is located at the end of the shielding gas circuit. One end of the second input section is connected to the third channel in the nozzle assembly to introduce the shielding gas into the third channel, and the other end is connected to the third conveying section. The third channel is used for allowing the laser output from the optical lens assembly to pass through and be ejected by the nozzle to act on the object to be welded. When the shielding gas flows into the nozzle assembly from the end of the shielding gas circuit, under the action of the end, the shielding gas has a component velocity in the tangential direction of the channel in the nozzle assembly, so that the shielding gas generates a spiral airflow in the nozzle assembly.

2. The laser processing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling air path includes a plurality of air outlets arranged at intervals around the axis of the light passage of the base, and the plurality of air outlets are arranged to be inclined from the periphery to the axis of the light passage, and the inclination angles of the plurality of air outlets are the same.

3. The laser processing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each optical lens of the optical lens assembly can be detachably installed in the base and the connecting seat.

4. The laser processing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nozzle assembly is provided with an acceleration chamber for increasing the gas flow velocity, and a buffer chamber for changing the gas flow form and reducing the gas flow velocity.

5. The laser processing equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The acceleration chamber is provided with a large end and a small end, the cross section of the acceleration chamber gradually decreases from the large end to the small end, and the cross section of the buffer chamber is larger than the cross section of the small end.

6. The laser processing equipment according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: At least one inclined air inlet is provided on the barrel seat of the nozzle assembly, one end of the air inlet is connected to the protective air path of the gas delivery air path system, and the other end of the air inlet is connected to the interior of the barrel seat.

7. The laser processing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A protective shell is also provided on the periphery of the connecting seat and the laser output head assembly, and the protective shell wraps the connecting seat and the laser output head assembly as a whole.

8. The laser processing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser output head assembly includes an outer shell, an inner shell sealed and installed in the outer shell, and a quartz end cap and a power transmission optical fiber arranged in the inner shell. The quartz end cap is arranged at the front end of the inner shell, and the power transmission optical fiber is arranged along the axial direction of the inner shell. One end of the power transmission optical fiber is connected to the quartz end cap, and the other end extends from the inner shell. The laser output head assembly is connected to the rear end of the connecting seat through the outer shell.

9. The laser processing equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that: The cooling air path includes a first cooling section arranged around the outer periphery of the radiator.

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