Laser warning device and method based on vision detector

Abstract

The embodiment of the present invention provides a laser warning device and method based on a sight detector, which belongs to the field of laser warning technology. The device includes: an optical system, a sight detector, a first comparator, a second comparator, and a processor. The sight detector includes a photosensitive device array and an integration module. The optical system converges the incident light to the sight detector; the photosensitive device array converts the incident light into an electrical signal; the integration module integrates the electrical signal and records the integration time, and outputs the energy value of the integrated electrical signal; the first comparator determines whether the energy value is greater than the energy threshold; the integration module responds to the energy value being greater than the energy threshold, outputs a data packet, which includes the integration time; the second comparator determines whether the integration time is less than the time threshold; and the processor responds to the integration time being less than the time threshold, determines that the incident light constitutes a laser threat and controls the warning device to issue an alarm. Its overall delay can reach hundreds of microseconds, meeting the needs of high-speed detection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of laser warning, and in particular to a laser warning method and device based on a visual detector. Background Art

[0002] Photoelectric imaging detection is widely used in remote sensing, military, environmental monitoring and other fields. It has the advantages of fast acquisition speed, large imaging range, and intuitive output information. In the field of military applications, it plays an important role in quickly acquiring situation information, assisting decision-making, supporting operations, and evaluating strike effects. However, with the deployment of high-power laser weapons in many countries, such as Russia's "Peresvet" vehicle-mounted laser weapon, which has a power of up to 300kw, and the United States' 1.06μm solid laser, which has a power of up to 150kw and can achieve continuous laser emission, it has been equipped on destroyers and aircraft carriers, posing a huge threat to photoelectric imaging detectors. Once attacked by laser weapons, the lightest ones will be blinded and the worst will be destroyed.

[0003] Therefore, the protection of photoelectric imaging detectors is extremely important, among which laser warning is the basis of protection. Laser warning is to monitor the surrounding environment in real time, detect threats and warn in time when laser irradiation is found, and guide the protection system to take corresponding measures. At present, a variety of laser warning methods have been developed, which can be roughly divided into imaging detection type and coding detection type. Imaging detection type warning technology displays the laser threat source as a bright spot by imaging the irradiated laser signal on the detector and outputting it in the image. Imaging detection type warning technology has the characteristics of high resolution and intuitive output. However, due to the need for imaging output, the warning time is relatively long. Coding detection type warning technology is based on the idea of ​​channel detection, so that lasers in different directions enter different detection channels, and the laser signal is extracted through analysis and processing at the back end, and the direction of the laser source is determined according to the corresponding relationship. It has the advantages of high flexibility and high speed. However, the shortest time that the existing warning technology can achieve is in the millisecond level, which is still difficult to meet the strict requirements of military applications such as delay. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a laser warning device and method based on a visual detection detector, which is used to solve the problem that the current warning technology is difficult to meet the high-speed detection requirements.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, an embodiment of the present invention provides a laser warning device, which includes: an optical system, a sight detector, a first comparator, a second comparator, and a processor, wherein the sight detector includes a photosensitive device array and an integration module, the optical system is used to converge incident light to the sight detector; the photosensitive device array is used to convert the incident light into an electrical signal; the integration module is used to integrate the electrical signal and record the integration time, and output the energy value of the integrated electrical signal; the first comparator is used to determine whether the energy value is greater than an energy threshold; the integration module is used to output a data packet in response to the energy value being greater than the energy threshold, the data packet including the integration time; the second comparator is used to determine whether the integration time is less than a time threshold; and the processor is used to determine that the incident light constitutes a laser threat and control the warning device to issue an alarm in response to the integration time being less than the time threshold.

[0006] Optionally, the data packet also includes coordinate values ​​of the incident light in the photosensitive device array of the field-of-view detector, and the processor is further used to calculate the incident angle of the incident light in response to the integration time being less than the time threshold, based on the focal length of the optical system, the pixel size and duty cycle of the field-of-view detector, and the coordinate values, so as to locate the incident light.

[0007] Optionally, the processor calculates the incident angle of the incident light according to the following formula:

[0008]

[0009] Wherein, θ is the incident angle of the incident light, (x0, y0) is the coordinate value, d is the pixel size of the sight detector, ε is the duty cycle of the sight detector, and f is the focal length of the optical system.

[0010] Optionally, the integration module is further configured to reset in response to the energy value being greater than the energy threshold.

[0011] Optionally, the first comparator is a separate comparator or a comparator provided in the vision detector.

[0012] Correspondingly, an embodiment of the present invention also provides a laser warning method, which includes: converting incident light into an electrical signal; integrating the electrical signal to obtain an energy value of the integrated electrical signal; judging whether the energy value is greater than an energy threshold; in response to the energy value being greater than the energy threshold, obtaining a data packet, the data packet including an integration time; judging whether the integration time is less than a time threshold; and in response to the integration time being less than the time threshold, determining that the incident light constitutes a laser threat and controlling the warning device to issue an alarm.

[0013] Optionally, the data packet also includes coordinate values ​​of the incident light on the photosensitive device array, and the method further includes: in response to the integration time being less than the time threshold, calculating the incident angle of the incident light according to the focal length of the optical system, the pixel size and duty cycle of the viewfinder detector, and the coordinate values.

[0014] Optionally, the incident angle of the incident light is calculated according to the following formula:

[0015]

[0016] Wherein, θ is the incident angle of the incident light, (x0, y0) is the coordinate value, d is the pixel size of the sight detector, ε is the duty cycle of the sight detector, and f is the focal length of the optical system.

[0017] The laser warning device and method based on the vision detector provided in the embodiment of the present invention do not require imaging. Instead, they only need to detect the energy value of the electrical signal integrated by the vision detector according to the threshold in the data stream to determine whether there is a laser threat, and can locate the laser source according to the position information contained in the signal output by the vision detector. The overall delay of the laser warning device can reach hundreds of microseconds, solving the problem that the current warning technology is difficult to meet the high-speed detection requirements.

[0018] Other features and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail in the subsequent detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the following specific implementations, they are used to explain the embodiments of the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a laser warning device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0021] Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing the geometry for positioning incident light that poses a laser threat.

[0022] Figure 3 A schematic flow chart of a laser warning method according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The specific implementation of the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific implementation described here is only used to illustrate and explain the embodiment of the present invention, and is not used to limit the embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] The existing detection-type warning technology currently requires imaging before it can judge whether there is a laser threat and the location information of the laser source, and the decision-making link time is long; although the coded detection-type warning technology does not require imaging, it requires complex back-end processing, which also increases the warning time, which is not conducive to the real-time requirements of laser warnings, especially in military application scenarios, where the warning time requirements are extremely stringent, generally requiring to reach the sub-millisecond level. Based on this, the embodiment of the present invention provides a laser warning device and method based on a vision detector, which is used to solve the problem that the current warning technology is difficult to meet the high-speed detection requirements. The characteristic of the vision detector is that each photosensitive device is regarded as a photon catcher. When the collected photon energy reaches the agreed threshold, a pulse is generated. This pulse and the time required to form the pulse are called a visual element (vit). The visual elements generated by each photosensitive device are arranged in sequence in time order, and the pulse sequences generated by all photosensitive devices are arranged in arrays according to the device space, which is the vision. The advantage of the vision detector is that it has an infinite dynamic range in theory, and the warning time of the laser warning device formed by the vision detector can reach hundreds of microseconds, which is suitable for the application requirements of laser warning.

[0025] Figure 1 FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a laser warning device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a laser warning device, which may include an optical system, a Vidar detector, a first comparator, a second comparator, and a processor.

[0026] The optical system is used to converge the incident light to the vision detector. The optical system can be any conventional optical system for focusing light, for example, any type of lens.

[0027] Assume that the radiance of the laser before it reaches the optical system is L (unit: w / m 2 / sr, watts / square meter / solid angle), the focal length of the optical system is f (unit: mm, millimeters), the aperture is D (unit: mm), and the transmittance is τ, then the irradiance E (unit: w / m 2 )for:

[0028]

[0029] The vision detector is equipped with a photosensitive device array and an integration module. The photosensitive device array converts the incident light into an electrical signal through the photoelectric effect. Assuming that the quantum efficiency of the vision detector is η and the pixel size of the photosensitive device array is d (m), the electrical signal power P (unit: w) after the photoelectric conversion of the vision detector is:

[0030] P=Eηd 2 (2)

[0031] The integration module integrates the electrical signal and records the integration time, and outputs the energy value of the integrated electrical signal. The integration process is a process of accumulating incident light energy. The integration module can be set to output the energy value of the integrated electrical signal once per clock signal. If the integration time is t, the energy value E output by the integrator is J (Unit: J) is:

[0032] E J =Pt (3)

[0033] The integration module outputs the energy value to the first comparator, and the first comparator determines whether the energy value is greater than the energy threshold. The energy threshold can be any appropriate value set by experiment. Set the energy threshold to E c (Unit: J). If the energy value is greater than the energy threshold, the first comparator will output a trigger signal to the integration module to indicate that the energy value is greater than the energy threshold. The integration module responds to the trigger signal and outputs a data packet, and the data packet at least includes the integration time t. The data packet can be output in the form of a pulse, for example, in the form of a high-level pulse. If the energy value is not greater than the energy threshold, the first comparator will output another trigger signal to the integration module, and the integration module will continue to perform the integration process in response to the other trigger signal. Furthermore, the integration module can also be reset in response to the trigger signal, and the integration time and the integrated energy value can be reset to zero to facilitate the next integration process.

[0034] The data packet can be output to the second comparator, which determines whether the integration time t in the data packet is less than the time threshold t c Due to the characteristics of the Vision Detector, when the collected signal energy reaches the agreed threshold, a pulse is generated. Therefore, the integration time can actually be used to determine the power of the incident light and then determine whether it is a laser input. To do this, just set a suitable threshold t c The second comparator can be used to determine whether there is a laser threat. <t c There is a laser threat and an alarm is given. c There is no laser threat. The time threshold can be any appropriate value set through experiments.

[0035] Specifically, the second comparator can output the judgment result to the processor. If the judgment result indicates that the integration time t is less than the time threshold t c , the processor responds to the judgment result and determines that the incident light constitutes a laser threat, and controls the alarm device to issue an alarm. If the judgment result indicates that the integration time is not less than the time threshold t c, the processor determines in response to the judgment result that the incident light does not constitute a laser threat. The warning device can be any type of warning device, for example, a voice warning device, a light warning device, an acousto-optic warning device, and / or a text warning device.

[0036] Based on the above process, the laser warning device completes laser threat detection at the data stream stage without the need for imaging, and only two simple comparators are needed based on the visual detector to shorten the detection time to hundreds of microseconds.

[0037] In any embodiment of the present invention, the first comparator may be a separate comparator, or may be a comparator provided in the visual detector. If the processing speed of the comparator provided in the visual detector meets the application requirements, the comparator provided in the visual detector may be used; if it does not meet the application requirements, a separate comparator having a processing speed that meets the application requirements may be provided.

[0038] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the processor can also locate the incident incident light that constitutes a laser threat. Specifically, the data packet output by the integration module in response to a trigger signal whose energy value is greater than an energy threshold can also include the coordinate value of the incident light in the photosensitive device array of the vision detector. In response to the integration time being less than the time threshold, the processor calculates the incident angle of the incident light according to the focal length of the optical system, the pixel size and duty cycle of the vision detector, and the coordinate value. Figure 2 As shown, the incident angle is the angle between the incident light and the optical axis of the optical system. The optical axis of the optical system vertically passes through the center point of the photosensitive period array.

[0039] Specifically, the processor can calculate the incident angle of the laser incident light according to the following formula:

[0040]

[0041] Wherein, θ is the incident angle of the incident light, (x0, y0) is the coordinate value, d is the pixel size of the sight detector, ε is the duty cycle of the sight detector, and f is the focal length of the optical system.

[0042] The laser warning device based on the vision detector provided in the embodiment of the present invention does not require imaging. It only needs to detect the energy value of the electrical signal integrated by the vision detector according to the threshold in the data stream to determine whether it is threatened by laser, and can locate the laser source according to the position information contained in the signal output by the vision detector. The overall delay of the laser warning device can reach hundreds of microseconds, which solves the problem that the current warning technology is difficult to meet the high-speed detection requirements.

[0043] Figure 3 FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a laser warning method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a laser warning method, which may include the following steps:

[0044] Step S310, converting the incident light into an electrical signal. This step can be performed by an optical system and a photosensitive device array of a vision detector. The optical system converges the incident light to the vision detector, and the photosensitive device array converts the incident light into an electrical signal.

[0045] Step S320: integrating the electrical signal to obtain an energy value of the integrated electrical signal.

[0046] Step S330, determining whether the energy value is greater than an energy threshold. If the energy value is greater than the energy threshold, executing step S330, otherwise continuing to execute step S320.

[0047] Step S340: In response to the energy value being greater than the energy threshold, acquiring a data packet, wherein the data packet includes an integration time.

[0048] Step S350, determining whether the integration time is less than a time threshold. If the integration time is less than the time threshold, executing step S360, otherwise, determining that there is no laser threat.

[0049] Step S360: In response to the integration time being less than the time threshold, determining that the incident light constitutes a laser threat and controlling an alarm device to issue an alarm.

[0050] In a further embodiment, the method may also locate the incident light when it is determined that the incident light constitutes a laser threat. Specifically, the data packet may also include the coordinate value of the incident light in the photosensitive device array of the vision detector. In response to the integration time being less than the time threshold, the incident angle of the incident light may be calculated according to the focal length of the optical system, the pixel size and duty cycle of the vision detector, and the coordinate value. Specifically, the incident angle may be calculated according to the formula (4) described above.

[0051] The specific working principle and benefits of the laser warning method based on the line-of-sight detector provided in the embodiment of the present invention are the same as the specific working principle and benefits of the laser warning device based on the line-of-sight detector provided in the embodiment of the present invention, and will not be repeated here.

[0052] Compared with the related prior art, the laser warning device and method based on the sight detector provided by the embodiment of the present invention have the following advantages:

[0053] (1) Theoretically, it has an infinite dynamic range. Due to the special mechanism of the vision detector, it can adjust the energy threshold E cThe dynamic range of the scene that can be detected is controlled, so theoretically an infinite dynamic range can be achieved. The possible limiting factor is the sensitivity of the detector.

[0054] (2) The embodiment of the present invention does not need to detect the alarm after imaging, and can detect whether there is laser irradiation in the data stream. Because the present invention can determine whether there is laser irradiation by detecting whether the integration time of the pulse signal is greater than the time threshold, there is no need to judge by the number of quantization bits.

[0055] (3) The laser warning time of the embodiment of the present invention can reach the level of hundreds of microseconds. Since there is no need for imaging, the laser warning is judged by using data stream, which greatly reduces the delay. The pulse generation time of the visual detector (i.e., the integration time mentioned above) depends on the energy threshold and the incident light energy. The energy of laser weapons is generally above 100kw. Once the incident light enters the visual detector, the pulse generation time can reach the level of ten microseconds. Considering the subsequent data transmission and processing delays, the total delay can reach the level of hundreds of microseconds.

[0056] It should be noted that the terms "include", "comprises" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, commodity or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, commodity or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprises a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, commodity or device including the elements.

[0057] The above are only embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various changes and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A laser warning device, characterized in that: The device comprises: an optical system, a vision detector, a first comparator, a second comparator, and a processor, wherein the vision detector comprises a photosensitive device array and an integration module. The optical system is used to converge the incident light to the vision detector; The photosensitive device array is used to convert the incident light into an electrical signal; The integration module is used to integrate the electrical signal and record the integration time, and output the energy value of the integrated electrical signal; The first comparator is used to determine whether the energy value is greater than an energy threshold; The integration module is used to output a data packet in response to the energy value being greater than the energy threshold, wherein the data packet includes an integration time; The second comparator is used to determine whether the integration time is less than a time threshold; and The processor is used for determining that the incident light constitutes a laser threat and controlling the warning device to issue an alarm in response to the integration time being less than the time threshold, The data packet also includes the coordinate value of the incident light in the photosensitive device array of the vision detector, The processor is further configured to calculate the incident angle of the incident light according to the focal length of the optical system, the pixel size and duty cycle of the view detector, and the coordinate value in response to the integration time being less than the time threshold, so as to locate the incident light. The processor calculates the incident angle of the incident light according to the following formula: Wherein, θ is the incident angle of the incident light, (x0, y0) is the coordinate value, d is the pixel size of the vision detector, ε is the duty cycle of the vision detector, and f is the focal length of the optical system.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The integration module is further configured to reset in response to the energy value being greater than the energy threshold.

3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The first comparator is a separate comparator or a comparator arranged in the vision detector.

4. A laser warning method, characterized in that: The method comprises: Convert incident light into electrical signals; Performing integration processing on the electrical signal to obtain an energy value of the integrated electrical signal; Determining whether the energy value is greater than an energy threshold; In response to the energy value being greater than the energy threshold, acquiring a data packet, the data packet including an integration time; Determining whether the integration time is less than a time threshold; and In response to the integration time being less than the time threshold, determining that the incident light constitutes a laser threat and controlling the warning device to issue an alarm, Wherein, the data packet also includes the coordinate value of the incident light in the photosensitive device array, and the method further includes: In response to the integration time being less than the time threshold, the incident angle of the incident light is calculated according to the focal length of the optical system, the pixel size and duty cycle of the view detector, and the coordinate value, The incident angle of the incident light is calculated according to the following formula: Wherein, θ is the incident angle of the incident light, (x0, y0) is the coordinate value, d is the pixel size of the vision detector, ε is the duty cycle of the vision detector, and f is the focal length of the optical system.

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