A method for in-situ construction of artificial islands for ecological restoration

Abstract

The invention discloses an in-situ construction method of an artificial island for ecological restoration, and relates to the technical field of river channel ecological restoration. An outer net and an inner net frame of an artificial island are constructed in situ on a river channel, and a near-natural structural area and a suspended filler area are formed by using a filler. The specific steps are to form an inner net frame and an outer net frame of an artificial island, and fill the inner net frame and the outer net frame of the artificial island with natural stones, crushed stones and soil to form the near-natural structural area of ​​the artificial island, and fill the inner net frame of the artificial island with crushed stones and modified activated carbon suspended fillers to form the suspended filler area of ​​the artificial island, and plants form a vegetation layer on the fill layer, and a blocking net is set on the top of the suspended filler area to complete the construction of the artificial island. The invention realizes the construction of an in-situ artificial island, can reduce the construction difficulty, shorten the construction period, does not need to replace the riverbed sediment, reduces the water quality deterioration caused by the construction, and is more conducive to the improvement of the water quality of the river channel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of river ecological restoration, and in particular relates to an in-situ construction method of an artificial island for ecological restoration. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of cities and the rapid increase in urban populations, the amount of pollutants discharged into urban rivers by human activities has also increased rapidly, significantly exacerbating water pollution in urban rivers. The deterioration of water quality in urban rivers and the engineering transformation of urban rivers by humans have caused devastating damage to urban river ecosystems, resulting in a sharp decline in the flora and fauna in urban rivers, causing urban rivers to lose their original vitality and become mere drainage ditches.

[0003] In order to restore and purify the water quality of urban rivers, improve the naturalness of urban rivers, and provide habitats and shelters for urban river plants, we proposed an artificial island for river water purification and ecological restoration, which greatly improved the urban rivers. However, during construction, we found some shortcomings. During construction, the area where the artificial island is modified needs to be isolated and the bottom mud replaced, which is bound to cause temporary damage to the river and temporary deterioration of the water quality. The construction difficulty and construction workload of this isolation method are relatively large, resulting in a long construction period, which is not conducive to the improvement of urban rivers. In addition, during construction, in order to provide stability of the artificial island, the stones in the stone layer should not be too large. It is necessary to fill the stones with gravel, which causes the gaps in the stone layer to become smaller. This is not conducive to the river entering the suspended filler area, increases the river runoff, and also reduces the habitat of small fish and shrimp. For this reason, we proposed an in-situ construction method for artificial islands for ecological restoration according to construction needs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to address the shortcomings of existing technologies, such as high construction difficulty, long construction periods, and temporary water quality deterioration, by proposing an in-situ artificial island construction method for ecological restoration. By constructing an outer and inner network framework for the artificial island and using fillers to create a near-natural structural area and a suspended filler area, the in-situ artificial island construction is achieved. This reduces construction difficulty and shortens the construction period, eliminating the need for riverbed sediment replacement during construction, minimizing water quality deterioration caused by construction, and further facilitating the improvement of river water quality.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A method for in-situ construction of artificial islands for ecological restoration is designed. The outer and inner net structures of the artificial islands are constructed in situ in the river channel. Fillers are used to form a near-natural structure area and a suspended filler area. The near-natural structure area and the suspended filler area respectively undertake the functions of ecological restoration of the artificial island and water purification. The natural structure area provides a good living habitat for fish, amphibians, mollusks, insects, reptiles, and birds in the river, while the suspended filler area purifies the water flowing through it. The specific steps include the following:

[0007] Step 1: Determine the location of the artificial island on the river, determine the position of the inner guard piles according to the width of the inner guard net, drive the inner guard piles into the pile positions with a pile driver, and then install the inner guard net to form the inner net structure of the artificial island.

[0008] Step 2: Determine the position of the outer guard piles according to the width of the outer guard net, drive the outer guard piles into the position using a pile driver, and then install the outer guard net to form the outer net structure of the artificial island.

[0009] During the specific construction of steps 1 and 2, a cantilever hydraulic pile driver is used for onshore construction of the guard piles with a small river span, and a gantry crane or a ship-mounted pile driver is used for water construction of the piles with a larger river span.

[0010] Step 3: Fill the gap between the inner and outer grid structures of the artificial island with natural stones, crushed stones and soil in sequence, forming a stone layer, a crushed stone isolation layer and a fill layer from bottom to top. After the filling is completed, the near-natural structural area of ​​the artificial island is formed.

[0011] Step 4: Gravel blocks and modified activated carbon suspended fillers are sequentially added into the inner part of the artificial island net structure by filling, forming a gravel base layer and a suspended filler layer from bottom to top. After the filling is completed, the suspended filler area of ​​the artificial island is formed;

[0012] In step 3-4, the near-natural structural area is constructed by filling, without replacing the bottom sediment in the construction area, which can reduce the construction difficulty and construction period, avoid damage to the riverbed sediment, and avoid the spread of sediment sewage to the surrounding waters.

[0013] Step 5: Plant plants on the fill layer to form a vegetation layer, set up a barrier on the top of the artificial island to complete the construction of the artificial island.

[0014] Furthermore, the inner and outer protective nets are made of stainless steel wire mesh. The mesh openings of the inner protective net are no larger than the diameter of the spheres in the suspended filler layer, and the mesh openings of the outer protective net are no larger than the average diameter of the natural stones in the stone layer. Using an inner net with small mesh openings can prevent the suspended filler from overflowing.

[0015] Furthermore, the structures of the inner and outer guard piles are the same, both of which are concrete structures. The pile bodies of the inner and outer guard piles are provided with reinforcing ribs of "I"-shaped structure. The reinforcing ribs are located at the top of the piles and are provided with extended pile caps. In order to avoid damage to the pile bodies of the inner and outer guard piles during piling, the design of built-in reinforcing ribs and extended pile caps in the pile body can, on the one hand, increase the retaining support strength of the pile body, and on the other hand, avoid damage to the pile body during piling.

[0016] Furthermore, movable connecting parts are provided between the inner guard piles and the inner guard net, as well as between the outer guard piles and the outer guard net. The movable connecting parts include connecting grooves and connecting strips. The connecting grooves are movably connected to the pile body through multiple hoops. The connecting strips are fixedly connected to both sides of the guard net. The connecting strips are installed in the connecting grooves in a plug-in manner. When operating on water, the inner and outer guard nets are installed in a plug-in manner, which facilitates the installation of the inner and outer guard nets and also reduces the difficulty of construction.

[0017] Furthermore, two connecting grooves are provided on the pile bodies of the inner guard piles and the outer guard piles, and hoop grooves for limiting the installation of hoop sleeves are provided on the pile bodies. The connecting grooves adopt a movable connection method, which allows the connecting grooves to rotate on the pile bodies. Since the artificial island has an irregular structure, the connecting grooves adopt this rotation method to cooperate with the installation of the inner and outer guard nets.

[0018] Furthermore, the natural stones are irregularly shaped and have an average mass of 50-100 kg. Using heavier stones not only increases the gaps between the stones, providing more habitat or refuge for aquatic organisms, but also increases the flow path for river water into the suspended fill area, improving water purification capabilities and reducing the artificial island's resistance to river runoff.

[0019] Furthermore, both the gravel isolation layer and the gravel base layer are constructed of irregularly shaped gravel with an average mass of 100-500g. The gravel isolation layer serves as the base layer for the fill layer, preventing soil erosion, while the gravel base layer serves as the base layer for the suspended filler layer, preventing riverbed sediment from reducing or destroying the adsorption capacity of the suspended filler.

[0020] Furthermore, the annular top surface of the artificial island is bucket-shaped, and a transition zone is provided between the fill layer and the water surface. The transition zone is located on the gravel isolation layer. The top of the artificial island is bucket-shaped and spreads into the river channel, which is convenient for aquatic organisms to live. The setting of the transition zone can reduce soil erosion.

[0021] Furthermore, the outer side of the suspended filler of the suspended filler layer is wrapped with high-density polyethylene mesh balls, and the diameter of the high-density polyethylene mesh balls is 100 mm. The main raw material of the modified biological activated carbon filler is coconut shell, and the modified biological activated carbon filler has a high adsorption and removal rate for heavy metals such as Cr, Pb and Cd in water bodies. In particular, for Cr(IV) in water bodies, the adsorption and removal rate of the modified biological activated carbon filler can reach more than 99%. At the same time, the porous and rough surface structure of the modified biological activated carbon makes it suitable as a carrier of biofilm, which can enrich a large number of functional microorganisms. These functional microorganisms can significantly reduce water pollutants such as COD, N and P in water bodies, purify urban river water bodies, reduce the ball diameter of the high-density polyethylene mesh balls, and increase the specific surface area of ​​the suspended filler mesh balls, which is beneficial to the purification of water bodies.

[0022] Furthermore, the vegetation layer is composed of wetland vegetation and woody vegetation. Woody vegetation includes small shrubs and small trees, while wetland plants provide habitats and foraging areas for insects, amphibians, reptiles, and birds. Furthermore, lush trees can also shade the suspended fill area in the center of the artificial island, eliminating traces of artificial construction and creating a natural landscape effect.

[0023] Compared with the existing technology, the in-situ construction method of an artificial island for ecological restoration proposed by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] (1) The present invention constructs an outer network and an inner network framework of an artificial island, and adopts fillers to form a near-natural structure area and a suspended filler area, thereby realizing the construction of an in-situ artificial island. This can reduce the construction difficulty and shorten the construction period. There is no need to replace the riverbed sediment, thus avoiding the replacement of the riverbed sediment during construction, reducing the deterioration of water quality caused by construction, and being more conducive to the management and improvement of river water quality.

[0025] (2) The present invention can reduce the annular wall thickness of the artificial island near the natural structure area, increase the diameter of the natural stones, and increase the gaps between the stones, thereby providing more and larger habitats or refuge spaces for aquatic organisms. On the other hand, it can increase the channel for river water to flow into the suspended filler area, improve the water purification capacity, and also reduce the runoff resistance of the artificial island to the river.

[0026] (3) The present invention can reduce the ball diameter of the high-density polyethylene mesh ball, increase the specific surface area of ​​the suspended filler mesh ball, and improve the purification ability of the water body. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0028] Figure 1It is a schematic structural diagram of the artificial island of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 About the schematic diagram of the cross-section structure at the cross section;

[0031] Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of the inner guard pile in the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the inner guard pile in the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 It is a structural diagram of the inner protective net in the present invention;

[0034] The markings in the figure are: 1. Riverbed mud; 2. Inner guard piles; 3. Outer guard piles; 4. Inner protective net; 5. Outer protective net; 6. Stone layer; 7. Gravel isolation layer; 8. Fill layer; 9. Gravel base layer; 10. Suspended filler layer; 11. Block net; 12. Vegetation layer; 13. Reinforcement ribs; 14. Pile cap; 15. Connecting groove; 16. Connecting strip; 17. Hoop sleeve; 18. Hoop groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention; it is obvious that the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "top / bottom" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0037] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "installed," "provided with," "mounted / connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connected" can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will be able to understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in specific circumstances.

[0038] The structural features of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0039] See also Figure 1-6 A method for in-situ construction of an artificial island for ecological restoration, wherein an outer network and an inner network framework of the artificial island are constructed in situ in a river channel, and a near-natural structure area and a suspended filler area are formed by filling. The method comprises the following steps:

[0040] During construction, first determine the location of the artificial island to be built on the river, determine the position of the inner guard pile 2 according to the width of the inner guard net 4, and after the inner guard pile 2 is driven into the pile position by a pile driver, install the inner guard net 4 to form the inner net structure of the artificial island, determine the position of the outer guard pile 3 according to the width of the outer guard net 5, and after the outer guard pile 3 is driven into the pile position by a pile driver, install the outer guard net 5 to form the outer net structure of the artificial island, the inner guard net 4 and the outer guard net 5 are made of stainless steel wire mesh, wherein the mesh of the inner guard net 4 is not larger than the ball diameter of the filler bag in the suspended filler layer 10, and the mesh of the outer guard net 5 is not larger than the average diameter of the natural stones in the stone layer 6, wherein the structures of the inner guard pile 2 and the outer guard pile 3 are the same, both Concrete structure, the pile bodies of the inner guard piles 2 and the outer guard piles 3 are penetrated by reinforcing ribs 13 of "I" type structure, the reinforcing ribs 13 are located at the top of the piles and are provided with an extended pile cap 14, and movable connecting parts are provided between the inner guard piles 2 and the inner protective net 4, as well as between the outer guard piles 3 and the outer protective net 5. The movable connecting parts include connecting grooves 15 and connecting bars 16, the connecting grooves 15 are movably connected to the pile body through multiple hoop sleeves 17, the connecting bars 16 are fixedly connected to both sides of the protective net, and the connecting bars 16 are installed in the connecting grooves 15 in a plug-in manner, and two connecting grooves 15 are provided on the pile bodies of the inner guard piles 2 and the outer guard piles 3, and the pile bodies are provided with hoop grooves 18 for installing and limiting the hoop sleeves 17.

[0041] After completing the outer and inner net structures of the artificial island, natural stones, crushed stones and soil are sequentially filled between the inner and outer net structures of the artificial island by means of fillers, forming a stone layer 6, a crushed stone isolation layer 7 and a fill layer 8 from bottom to top. After the filling is completed, the near-natural structural area of ​​the artificial island is formed. Among them, the natural stones are irregularly shaped stones with an average mass of 50 to 100 kg, and the crushed stone isolation layer 7 and the crushed stone base layer 9 are both irregularly shaped crushed stones with an average mass of 100 to 500 g. The annular top surface of the artificial island is bucket-shaped, and the fill layer 8 is provided with a transition zone from the water surface. The transition zone is located on the crushed stone isolation layer 7, providing a habitat for aquatic amphibians.

[0042] Crushed stones and modified activated carbon suspended fillers are sequentially added to the interior of the net structure of the artificial island in the form of fillers, forming a crushed stone base layer 9 and a suspended filler layer 10 from bottom to top. After the filling is completed, the suspended filler area of ​​the artificial island is formed. Among them, the outer side of the suspended filler of the suspended filler layer 10 is wrapped with high-density polyethylene mesh balls, and the diameter of the high-density polyethylene mesh balls is 100 mm.

[0043] Finally, plants form a vegetation layer 12 on the fill layer 8. The vegetation layer 12 is composed of wetland vegetation and woody vegetation. A barrier net 11 is set on the top of the suspended filler area to complete the construction of the artificial island.

[0044] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art will be able to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or replace some of the technical features therein with equivalents. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for in-situ construction of an artificial island for ecological restoration, characterized in that: The outer and inner net structures of the artificial island are constructed in situ in the river channel, and the near-natural structure area and the suspended filler area are formed by filling materials, including the following steps: Step 1: determine the location of the artificial island to be built on the river, determine the position of the inner protection pile (2) according to the width of the inner protection net (4), drive the inner protection pile (2) into the pile position by a pile driver, and then install the inner protection net (4) to form the inner net frame of the artificial island; Step 2: determining the pile position of the outer protective pile (3) according to the width of the outer protective net (5), driving the outer protective pile (3) into the pile position by a pile driver, and then installing the outer protective net (5) to form an outer net frame of the artificial island; Step 3: Fill the gap between the inner and outer grid structures of the artificial island with natural stones, crushed stones and soil in sequence, forming a stone layer (6), a crushed stone isolation layer (7) and a fill layer (8) from bottom to top, and after the filling is completed, a near-natural structural area of ​​the artificial island is formed; Step 4: Gravel blocks and modified activated carbon suspended fillers are sequentially filled into the inner part of the artificial island inner net frame by means of fillers, forming a gravel base layer (9) and a suspended filler layer (10) from bottom to top, and after the filling is completed, a suspended filler area of ​​the artificial island is formed; Step 5: Plants are planted on the soil filling layer (8) to form a vegetation layer (12), and a barrier net (11) is set on the top of the suspended filler area to complete the construction of the artificial island.

2. The method for in-situ construction of an artificial island for ecological restoration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner protective net (4) and the outer protective net (5) are made of stainless steel wire mesh, wherein the mesh openings of the inner protective net (4) are not larger than the ball diameter of the filler bag in the suspended filler layer (10), and the mesh openings of the outer protective net (5) are not larger than the average diameter of the natural stones in the stone layer (6).

3. The method for in-situ construction of an artificial island for ecological restoration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner guard pile (2) and the outer guard pile (3) have the same structure, both of which are concrete structures. A reinforcing rib (13) of an "I"-shaped structure is provided through the pile bodies of the inner guard pile (2) and the outer guard pile (3). The reinforcing rib (13) is located at the top of the pile and is provided with an extended pile cap (14).

4. The method for in-situ construction of an artificial island for ecological restoration according to claim 1, characterized in that: A movable connection piece is provided between the inner protective pile (2) and the inner protective net (4), and between the outer protective pile (3) and the outer protective net (5). The movable connection piece comprises a connection groove (15) and a connection strip (16). The connection groove (15) is movably connected to the pile body through a plurality of hoops (17). The connection strip (16) is fixedly connected to both sides of the protective net. The connection strip (16) is installed in the connection groove (15) in a plug-in manner.

5. The method for in-situ construction of an artificial island for ecological restoration according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pile bodies of the inner guard pile (2) and the outer guard pile (3) are provided with two connection grooves (15), and the pile bodies are provided with hoop grooves (18) for installing and limiting the hoop sleeve (17).

6. The method for in-situ construction of an artificial island for ecological restoration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The natural stones are irregularly shaped stones with an average mass of 50-100 kg.

7. The method for in-situ construction of an artificial island for ecological restoration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crushed stone isolation layer (7) and the crushed stone base layer (9) are both made of crushed stones with an average mass of 100-500 g and irregular shapes.

8. The method for in-situ construction of an artificial island for ecological restoration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The annular top surface of the artificial island is in a bucket shape, and a transition zone is provided between the fill layer (8) and the water surface, and the transition zone is located on the gravel isolation layer (7).

9. The method for in-situ construction of an artificial island for ecological restoration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer side of the suspended filler of the suspended filler layer (10) is wrapped with high-density polyethylene mesh balls, and the diameter of the high-density polyethylene mesh balls is 100 mm.

10. The method for in-situ construction of an artificial island for ecological restoration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vegetation layer (12) is composed of wetland vegetation and woody vegetation.

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