A fixed tube sheet kettle heat exchanger

Abstract

The present invention relates to a fixed tube sheet kettle heat exchanger, belonging to the technical field of heat exchangers, comprising a shell-side cylinder, tube sheets at both ends of the shell-side cylinder, and heat exchange tubes located inside the shell-side cylinder, wherein the shell-side cylinder comprises a large-diameter section cylinder that is integrally connected and has a common bottom end, and a small-diameter section cylinder located at both ends of the large-diameter section cylinder, wherein the small-diameter section cylinder is connected to the large-diameter section cylinder by an eccentric cone, and a tie rod is provided between the eccentric cones at both ends of the large-diameter section cylinder, wherein both ends of the tie rod extend to the outside of the corresponding eccentric cone, and both ends of the tie rod are provided with a fixed plate parallel to the inclined surface of the eccentric cone, and both upper and lower sides of the fixed plate are provided with a plurality of groups of reinforcing rods. The present invention forms a cylinder axial stiffness compensation structure through tie rods, fixed plates, reinforcing rods, pads and eccentric cones, which work together with the arc-shaped reinforcing plates to play a pulling role, so that the stress of the tube sheet and the tube bundle is significantly improved, and the stress tends to be evenly distributed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of heat exchangers, and in particular relates to a fixed tube sheet kettle type heat exchanger. Background Art

[0002] Energy recovery is the main way to save energy, reduce emissions and implement green design. Therefore, kettle heat exchangers are widely used to recover energy in absorption refrigeration, heat pumps and petrochemical production equipment, especially fixed tube sheet kettle heat exchangers. The shell of the fixed tube sheet kettle heat exchanger consists of a large diameter section, an eccentric cone and a small diameter section. The small diameter section is connected to the tube sheet, and the heat exchange tube passes through the tube holes on the tube sheet. Figure 1 As shown. Due to the difference in axial stiffness in the circumferential direction, the stress distribution of the tube sheet, tube bundle and shell is uneven, and this uneven stress distribution phenomenon is particularly obvious in the tube bundle, specifically, the upper row of heat exchange tubes are mainly subjected to tensile stress, and the lower row of heat exchange tubes are mainly subjected to compressive stress. This uneven stress in the tube bundle can easily cause resonance of the heat exchange tubes when the operating conditions of the equipment fluctuate slightly. The resonance is bound to cause increased wear between the outer wall of the heat exchange tube and the tube hole of the support plate, and eventually the heat exchange tube wall is worn through, which in turn causes leakage.

[0003] Patent No. CN105180707A proposes a structure to improve the difference in the circumferential direction of the axial stiffness of the shell-side cylinder. Although it can effectively improve the difference, in the actual production and processing of the equipment, due to the limited spacing between adjacent longitudinal ribs, the welding between the transverse ribs and the longitudinal ribs, and between the longitudinal ribs and the pads is difficult to complete or the welding quality is difficult to guarantee. Therefore, we proposed a fixed tube sheet kettle heat exchanger. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a fixed tube sheet kettle heat exchanger with a simple structure and reasonable design in order to solve the above problems.

[0005] The present invention achieves the above-mentioned purpose through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A fixed tube sheet kettle heat exchanger, comprising a shell-side cylinder, tube sheets at both ends of the shell-side cylinder, and heat exchange tubes located inside the shell-side cylinder, wherein the shell-side cylinder comprises a large-diameter cylinder section integrally connected and having a common bottom end and a small-diameter cylinder section located at both ends of the large-diameter cylinder section, wherein the small-diameter cylinder section is connected to the large-diameter cylinder section via an eccentric cone, and is characterized in that:

[0007] A pull rod is provided between the eccentric cones at both ends of the large diameter section cylinder, and both ends of the pull rod extend to the outside of the corresponding eccentric cone and both ends of the pull rod are provided with fixing plates parallel to the inclined surface of the eccentric cone, and both upper and lower sides of the fixing plate are provided with a plurality of reinforcing rods;

[0008] An arc reinforcing plate having the same curvature as the inner wall of the small-diameter section cylinder is arranged between the top ends of the two groups of the small-diameter section cylinders, and a plurality of gas phase channels are arranged on the arc reinforcing plate.

[0009] As a further optimization solution of the present invention, the reinforcing rod and the eccentric cone are fixed by welding via a pad.

[0010] As a further optimization solution of the present invention, the pull rod and the eccentric cone are double-sided welded.

[0011] As a further optimization scheme of the present invention, five groups of reinforcing rods are provided on the upper and lower sides of the fixed plate. The five groups of reinforcing rods on the same side of the fixed plate are evenly arranged at intervals of 30° in the circumferential direction of the eccentric cone, and the circumferential angle occupied by the five groups of reinforcing rods in the circumferential direction of the eccentric cone is 120°.

[0012] As a further optimization scheme of the present invention, the curvature of the arc-shaped reinforcing plate is 90°, and the line connecting the midpoint of the cross section of the arc-shaped reinforcing plate and the center of the circle coincides with the central symmetry line of the cross section of the small-diameter section cylinder.

[0013] As a further optimization scheme of the present invention, 12 groups of gas phase channels are provided on the arc-shaped reinforcement plate located in the large-diameter section cylinder, with 6 groups on each side taking the transverse center line of the arc-shaped reinforcement plate as the dividing line.

[0014] As a further optimization solution of the present invention, the arc-shaped reinforcing plate and the top end of the small-diameter section cylinder are welded and fixed by fillet welding and plug welding.

[0015] As a further optimization scheme of the present invention, the arc-shaped reinforcing plate located in the small-diameter section cylinder is provided with 12 groups of plug welding holes, with 6 groups on each side taking the transverse center line of the arc-shaped reinforcing plate as the dividing line.

[0016] As a further optimization scheme of the present invention, the heat exchange tube is fixed in the shell cylinder through several groups of vertical support plates, and a sleeve is provided at the connection position between the heat exchange tube and the support plate. The sleeve is made of a material with high wear resistance and high thermal conductivity.

[0017] As a further optimization solution of the present invention, the relationship between the length L of the sleeve and the thickness δ of the support plate is: L≥2δ.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0019] 1. Five sets of tie rods are added between the two eccentric cones of the fixed tube sheet kettle heat exchanger for connection and fixation, and a 90° arc-shaped reinforcement plate is added between the two small diameter sections for connection and fixation, which can play a tie-in role, so that the stress of the tube sheet and tube bundle is significantly improved, and the stress tends to be evenly distributed. Compared with the axial stiffness compensation structure of the shell side of the fixed tube sheet kettle heat exchanger in the prior art, it is easier to weld and the welding quality can be guaranteed.

[0020] 2. A sleeve is added to the outer surface of the heat exchange tube in contact with the support plate. The sleeve and the heat exchange tube are subjected to an interference fit through a shrink sleeve process, which can protect the outer wall of the heat exchange tube from wear between the support plate tube hole and the vibration. At the same time, it does not affect the heat transfer performance of the heat exchange tube, which can extend the service life of the tube bundle and make the operation of the equipment safer and more reliable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 This is a front view of the interior of a shell-side cylinder of a fixed tube sheet kettle heat exchanger of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a side view of the interior of a shell side cylinder of a fixed tube sheet kettle heat exchanger of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 The invention is a fixed tube sheet kettle type heat exchanger Figure 1 A magnified schematic diagram of the middle Ⅰ position;

[0024] Figure 4 The invention is a fixed tube sheet kettle type heat exchanger Figure 1 Enlarged schematic diagram of the middle II position;

[0025] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of an arc-shaped reinforcing plate of a fixed tube sheet kettle type heat exchanger of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 The invention is a fixed tube sheet kettle type heat exchanger Figure 1 Enlarged schematic diagram of the middle III position.

[0027] In the figure: 1, shell side cylinder; 101, large diameter section cylinder; 102, small diameter section cylinder; 103, eccentric cone; 104, tube sheet; 2, heat exchange tube; 3, tie rod; 4, fixing plate; 5, reinforcement rod; 6, arc reinforcement plate; 7, pad; 8, gas phase channel; 9, casing; 10, support plate; 11, plug welding hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It is necessary to point out here that the following specific implementation methods are only used to further illustrate the present application and cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. Technical personnel in this field can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present application based on the above application content.

[0029] Example 1

[0030] like Figure 1-6As shown, a fixed tube sheet kettle heat exchanger of this embodiment includes a shell-side cylinder 1, tube sheets 104 located at both ends of the shell-side cylinder 1, and heat exchange tubes 2 located inside the shell-side cylinder 1. The shell-side cylinder 1 includes a large-diameter cylinder section 101 that is integrally connected and has a common bottom end, and a small-diameter cylinder section 102 located at both ends of the large-diameter cylinder section 101. The small-diameter cylinder section 102 is connected to the large-diameter cylinder section 101 through an eccentric cone 103.

[0031] Six tie rods 3 are used to connect the two groups of eccentric cones 103, and the tie rods 3 and the eccentric cones 103 are fixed by double-sided welding. The two ends of the tie rods 3 are reinforced and fixed. Specifically, the extended ends of the tie rods 3 are inserted into the fixed plate 4 and welded thereto, and the two ends of the fixed plate 4 are welded and fixed to the reinforcing rods 5 fixed to the eccentric cone 103, and the reinforcing rods 5 are welded and fixed to the oblique cones via the pads 7. The above five groups of such structures are evenly arranged at intervals of 30° in the circumferential direction of the eccentric cone 103, and the circumferential angle occupied by the five groups of structures in the circumferential direction of the eccentric cone 103 is 120°. The double-sided welding between the tie rods 3 and the eccentric cone 103, and the welding structure between the tie rods 3 and the fixed plate 4, the reinforcing rods 5, the pads 7 and the eccentric cone 103 are shown in the figure. Figure 3 As shown, the welding structure is as shown in the figure, and the welding structure at a~j is adjusted according to the actual thickness of the parts;

[0032] A 90° arc reinforcing plate 6 is used to connect the two small-diameter cylinder sections 102. The cross section presents a 90° arc. The curvature of the 90° arc reinforcing plate 6 is the same as the arc of the inner wall of the small-diameter cylinder section 102. The 90° arc reinforcing plate 6 and the small-diameter cylinder section 102 are welded and fixed by two forms: fillet welding and plug welding. A total of 12 groups of gas phase channels 8 are provided on the middle surface of the 90° arc-shaped reinforcing plate 6, with the transverse center line of the arc-shaped reinforcing plate 6 as the dividing line, 6 groups of gas phase channels 8 on one side, and the 6 groups of gas phase channels 8 are evenly distributed on the circumferential cross section, and the arc angle between adjacent gas phase channels 8 is 12°, and the arc angle between the gas phase channels 8 at both ends and the edge of the arc-shaped reinforcing plate 6 is 15°, and a total of 12 plug welding holes 11 are provided at both ends, with the transverse center line of the arc-shaped reinforcing plate 6 as the dividing line, 6 plug welding holes 11 on one side, and the 6 plug welding holes 11 are evenly distributed on the circumferential cross section, and the arc angle between adjacent plug welding holes 11 is 12°, and the arc angle between the plug welding holes 11 at both ends and the edge of the arc-shaped reinforcing plate 6 is 15°, as shown in FIG. Figure 4-5 As shown;

[0033] The cylinder axial stiffness compensation structure is composed of the tie rod 3, the fixing plate 4, the reinforcing rod 5, the pad 7 and the eccentric cone 103, which work together with the arc-shaped reinforcing plate 6 to play a pulling role, so that the stress of the tube sheet 104 and the tube bundle is significantly improved, and the stress tends to be evenly distributed.

[0034] A sleeve 9 is added to the outer surface of the heat exchange tube 2 in contact with the support plate 10, and the sleeve 9 and the heat exchange tube 2 are subjected to an interference fit through a shrink fit process. The spacing between the sleeves 9 is the spacing between the support plates 10, and the number of the sleeves 9 is the number of the support plates 10. Figure 6 As shown, the length L of the sleeve 9 is ≥ 2δ, where δ is the thickness of the support plate 10. The sleeve 9 is made of a material with high wear resistance and high thermal conductivity. By adding the sleeve 9 and the cylinder axial stiffness compensation structure and the arc-shaped reinforcing plate 6 to cooperate, the outer wall of the heat exchange tube 2 can be effectively protected from wear between the support plate 10 due to vibration, while not affecting the heat transfer performance of the heat exchange tube 2, and the service life of the tube bundle can be extended, making the operation of the ground equipment safer and more reliable.

[0035] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present invention, and the description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this field, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fixed tube sheet kettle heat exchanger, comprising a shell-side cylinder, tube sheets at both ends of the shell-side cylinder, and heat exchange tubes located inside the shell-side cylinder, wherein the shell-side cylinder comprises a large-diameter cylinder section integrally connected and having a common bottom end and a small-diameter cylinder section located at both ends of the large-diameter cylinder section, wherein the small-diameter cylinder section is connected to the large-diameter cylinder section by an eccentric cone, and characterized in that: A pull rod is provided between the eccentric cones at both ends of the large diameter section cylinder, and both ends of the pull rod extend to the outside of the corresponding eccentric cone and both ends of the pull rod are provided with fixing plates parallel to the inclined surface of the eccentric cone, and both upper and lower sides of the fixing plate are provided with a plurality of reinforcing rods; An arc-shaped reinforcing plate having the same curvature as the inner wall of the small-diameter section cylinder is provided between the top ends of the two groups of the small-diameter section cylinders, and a plurality of groups of gas phase channels are provided on the arc-shaped reinforcing plate; The reinforcing rod and the eccentric cone are fixed by welding through a pad; The pull rod and the eccentric cone are double-sided welded; Five groups of reinforcing rods are provided on both the upper and lower sides of the fixing plate. The five groups of reinforcing rods on the same side of the fixing plate are evenly arranged at intervals of 30° in the circumferential direction of the eccentric cone. The circumferential angle occupied by the five groups of reinforcing rods in the circumferential direction of the eccentric cone is 120°. The arc angle of the arc reinforcing plate is 90°, and the line connecting the midpoint of the cross section of the arc reinforcing plate and the center of the circle coincides with the central symmetry line of the cross section of the small diameter section cylinder; The arc-shaped reinforcing plate located in the large-diameter section cylinder is provided with 12 groups of gas phase channels, with 6 groups on each side of the transverse center line of the arc-shaped reinforcing plate as the dividing line; The heat exchange tube is fixed in the shell-side cylinder through a plurality of groups of vertical support plates, and a sleeve is sleeved at the connection position between the heat exchange tube and the support plate.

2. A fixed tube sheet kettle heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arc-shaped reinforcing plate is welded and fixed to the top end of the small-diameter section cylinder by means of fillet welding and plug welding.

3. The fixed tube sheet kettle heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arc-shaped reinforcing plate located in the small-diameter section cylinder is provided with 12 groups of plug welding holes, with 6 groups on each side taking the transverse center line of the arc-shaped reinforcing plate as the dividing line.

4. The fixed tube sheet kettle heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The relationship between the length L of the sleeve and the thickness δ of the support plate is: L≥2δ.

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