Exhaust silencer and automobile

Abstract

The present invention discloses an exhaust silencer and a car. One end of the inner tube of the exhaust silencer is an air inlet, and the other end is an air outlet. The inner tube is provided with a plurality of inner vents. The middle tube is sleeved on the outer side of the inner tube, and the two ends of the middle tube are connected to the outer wall of the inner tube. A first cavity is defined between the middle tube and the inner tube, and there is an inner vent leading to the first cavity. A silencer structure is provided in the first cavity. The middle tube is also provided with a plurality of middle vents. The outer tube is sleeved on the outer side of the middle tube, and one end of the outer tube is connected to the outer wall of the middle tube or the inner tube, and the other end is connected to the outer wall of the inner tube. A second cavity is defined between the outer tube, the middle tube and the inner tube, and all the middle vents and a part of the inner vents lead to the second cavity. A hydrogen inlet leading to the second cavity is also provided on the tube wall of the outer tube. The exhaust silencer and the car can dilute the hydrogen concentration at the exhaust port while reducing exhaust noise, thereby reducing safety hazards.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of automobiles, and in particular to an exhaust muffler and an automobile. Background Art

[0002] The automobile industry is the second largest industry after petrochemicals. In order to alleviate the serious environmental pollution caused by traditional gasoline and diesel-fueled vehicles, many organizations have begun to research and develop more environmentally friendly vehicles, such as hybrid vehicles, pure electric vehicles and hydrogen fuel cell vehicles.

[0003] Hydrogen fuel cells are power generation devices that directly convert the chemical energy of hydrogen and oxygen into electrical energy. Therefore, they only produce water and heat and cause almost no pollution to the air. They are a more environmentally friendly source of automotive power than other power sources. Hydrogen is a renewable energy source and has broad application prospects.

[0004] However, hydrogen fuel cells generate a lot of airflow noise during operation. The noise peak increases significantly with the increase of flow rate. The noise frequency covers a frequency range of 500Hz to 7000Hz. Exhaust noise is the main noise source, which is particularly obvious during high-power operation. The current noise reduction solutions for hydrogen fuel cells have the defects of unsatisfactory noise reduction effect and narrow noise reduction range.

[0005] In addition, unlike the exhaust emissions of general fuel vehicles, the anode of hydrogen fuel cells needs to discharge hydrogen and generated liquid water regularly. The current solution is to directly connect the hydrogen exhaust pipeline to the tail exhaust air pipeline and discharge it into the atmosphere along with the air after the reaction. However, on the one hand, the noise at the tail exhaust air pipe increases significantly at the moment of hydrogen exhaust; on the other hand, during the power on and off purge process, especially at low temperature cold start, the instantaneous hydrogen concentration discharged from the tail exhaust air pipeline will reach a high level. Hydrogen is a flammable gas. When the concentration is higher than 4%, it is easy to explode when exposed to open flames, which poses a safety hazard.

[0006] The above defects have hindered the application of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles and urgently need to be improved. Summary of the invention

[0007] In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides an exhaust silencer and a vehicle, which can reduce exhaust noise while diluting the hydrogen concentration at the exhaust port to reduce safety hazards.

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0009] An exhaust muffler device, comprising:

[0010] An inner tube, one end of which is an air inlet and the other end of which is an air outlet, and the inner tube is provided with a plurality of first inner vent holes and second inner vent holes which are arranged along the axial direction of the inner tube and penetrate the tube wall;

[0011] A middle tube, which is sleeved on the outer side of the inner tube, with two ends of the middle tube connected to the outer wall of the inner tube, a first cavity is defined between the middle tube and the inner tube, the first inner vent hole is connected to the first cavity, and a sound-absorbing structure is provided in the first cavity; the middle tube is also provided with a plurality of middle vent holes penetrating the wall of the middle tube;

[0012] An outer tube is sleeved on the outer side of the middle tube, and one end of the outer tube is connected to the outer wall of the middle tube or the inner tube, and the other end is connected to the outer wall of the inner tube. A second cavity is defined between the outer tube, the middle tube and the inner tube, and all the middle air holes and the second inner air holes are connected to the second cavity. A hydrogen inlet connected to the second cavity is also opened on the tube wall of the outer tube.

[0013] Furthermore, it also includes a plurality of first partitions with first openings, the first partitions are arranged in the first cavity, the first partitions divide the first cavity into a plurality of first sub-cavities, each of the first sub-cavities is interconnected through the first opening, and each first sub-cavity can be connected to the tube cavity of the inner tube through the first internal ventilation hole.

[0014] Furthermore, the volumes of the first sub-cavities are different.

[0015] Furthermore, the number, size, and / or position of the first openings on each of the first partitions are different.

[0016] Furthermore, the sound-absorbing structure is sound-absorbing cotton, and the sound absorption coefficients of the sound-absorbing cotton in each of the first sub-cavities are not completely the same.

[0017] Furthermore, it also includes a plurality of second partitions with second openings, the second partitions are arranged in the second cavity, the second partitions divide the second cavity into a plurality of second sub-cavities, each of the second sub-cavities is interconnected through the second openings; a part of the second sub-cavities is connected to the first cavity through the middle air vent, and a part of the second sub-cavities is connected to the tube cavity of the inner tube through the second inner air vent.

[0018] Furthermore, one end of the outer tube is connected to the middle tube, and the other end is connected to the inner tube, and the second cavity extends from between the middle tube and the outer tube to between the inner tube and the outer tube; the hydrogen inlet is opened at the outer tube position corresponding to the middle tube.

[0019] Furthermore, a connecting pipe is connected to the outside of the hydrogen inlet, and the axial direction of the connecting pipe is tangent to the tube wall of the outer tube.

[0020] Furthermore, the first inner ventilation hole is larger than the second inner ventilation hole.

[0021] The present invention also provides an automobile, comprising the exhaust silencer.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present invention include:

[0023] In terms of noise reduction, the inner tube is the main conduit for the air discharged from the hydrogen fuel cell after the reaction. The discharged air enters from the air inlet and is finally discharged from the air outlet. However, during the flow, the sound waves will enter the first cavity through the first inner vent hole, and the sound waves will be consumed by the muffler structure and reduce noise, so the noise caused by the air is greatly reduced. In addition, the hydrogen discharged from the fuel cell enters the second cavity from the hydrogen inlet of the outer tube. A part of the hydrogen flows in the second cavity and flows into the tube cavity of the inner tube from the second inner vent hole, and then mixes with the air and is discharged; the other part enters the first cavity from the middle vent hole, and the sound is consumed by the muffler structure in the first cavity. Reduced noise, then returned to the tube cavity of the inner tube from the first inner vent hole, and finally discharged from the air outlet. It can be seen that whether it is discharged air or hydrogen, after passing through the exhaust muffler device of the present invention, its energy and noise can be greatly reduced.

[0024] In terms of controlling the concentration of hydrogen emissions, when hydrogen is discharged, since part of the hydrogen enters the inner tube in a dispersed manner from the first inner vent holes and the second inner vent holes at various locations, and the hydrogen stored in the second cavity delays the time for the hydrogen to enter the inner tube, compared with the traditional method of directly discharging hydrogen into the inner tube, the instantaneous concentration of hydrogen discharged from the inner tube during hydrogen discharge in this solution is greatly reduced. When the hydrogen discharge stops and no new hydrogen enters, the air pressure in the second cavity decreases. Under the action of the air pressure difference, the air in the inner tube will enter the second cavity through the second inner vent hole and the middle vent hole to mix with the hydrogen, gradually diluting the remaining hydrogen. The diluted hydrogen will enter the inner tube from the second inner vent hole connected to the second cavity, and finally be discharged. At this time, the hydrogen is unlikely to reach a dangerous concentration of 4%.

[0025] Therefore, the exhaust silencer in the present invention can not only achieve good silencing and noise reduction effects and provide a good user experience, but also reduce the concentration of emitted hydrogen and improve the safety of hydrogen fuel vehicles, and is suitable for popularization and use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a front view schematic diagram of an exhaust muffler device of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Sectional view of A-A;

[0028] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Sectional view of B-B;

[0029] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Sectional view of C-C in the middle;

[0030] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Sectional view of D-D in the figure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods. It should be noted that, under the premise of no conflict, the various embodiments or technical features described below can be arbitrarily combined to form a new embodiment.

[0032] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0033] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0034] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be an intermediate element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intermediate element.

[0035] Unless otherwise defined, all technical terms and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art of the present invention. The terms used in the specification of the invention herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the related listed items.

[0036] Figures 1 to 5An exhaust muffler device of the present invention is shown, comprising:

[0037] The inner tube 1 has an air inlet 11 at one end and an air outlet 12 at the other end. The inner tube 1 is provided with a plurality of first inner vent holes 13 and second inner vent holes 14 arranged along the axial direction of the inner tube and penetrating the tube wall;

[0038] The middle tube 2 is sleeved on the outer side of the inner tube 1, and the two ends of the middle tube 2 are sealed and connected to the outer wall of the inner tube 1. The middle tube 2 and the inner tube 1 define a first cavity 3, and the first inner vent hole 13 is connected to the first cavity 3. The first cavity 3 is provided with a sound-absorbing structure 31. The middle tube 2 is also provided with a plurality of middle vent holes (not shown in the figure) penetrating the wall of the middle tube 2.

[0039] The outer tube 4 is sleeved on the outer side of the middle tube 2, and one end of the outer tube 4 is sealed and connected to the outer wall of the middle tube 2 or the inner tube 1, and the other end is sealed and connected to the outer wall of the inner tube 1. The outer tube 4, the middle tube 2 and the inner tube 1 define a second cavity 5, and all the middle air holes and a part of the second inner air holes 14 are connected to the second cavity 5; a hydrogen inlet 52 connected to the second cavity 5 is also opened on the tube wall of the outer tube 4.

[0040] The inner tube 1 is the main pipeline for the air after the chemical reaction of the hydrogen fuel cell. The discharged air enters from the air inlet 11 and is finally discharged from the air outlet 12. However, during the flow, the sound waves will enter the first cavity 3 through the first inner vent 13, and the sound waves will be consumed by the muffler structure 31 to reduce the noise and the air noise will be greatly reduced. In addition, the hydrogen discharged from the fuel cell enters the second cavity 5 from the hydrogen inlet 52 of the outer tube 4. A part of the hydrogen flows in the second cavity 5 and flows into the tube cavity of the inner tube 1 from the second inner vent 14, and then mixes with the air and is discharged; the other part enters the first cavity 3 from the middle vent, and the sound is consumed by the muffler structure 31 in the first cavity 3. Reduce the noise and then return to the tube cavity of the inner tube 1 from the first inner vent 13, and finally discharged from the air outlet 12. It can be seen that whether it is the discharged air or hydrogen, after passing through the exhaust muffler device of the present invention, its energy and noise can be greatly weakened and reduced, achieving a good effect of reducing exhaust noise.

[0041] In terms of controlling the concentration of hydrogen emissions, when hydrogen is discharged, since part of the hydrogen enters the inner tube 1 in a distributed manner from the first inner vents 13 and the second inner vents 14 at various locations, and the hydrogen stored in the second cavity 5 delays the time for the hydrogen to enter the inner tube 1, compared with the traditional method of directly discharging hydrogen into the inner tube 1, the instantaneous concentration of hydrogen discharged from the inner tube 1 during hydrogen discharge in this solution is greatly reduced. When the hydrogen discharge stops and no new hydrogen enters, the air pressure in the second cavity 5 decreases. Under the action of the air pressure difference, the air in the inner tube 1 will enter the second cavity 5 through the first inner vent 13 and the middle vent to mix with the hydrogen, gradually diluting the remaining hydrogen. The diluted hydrogen enters the inner tube 1 from the second inner vent 14 connected to the second cavity 5, and is finally discharged. At this time, the hydrogen is unlikely to reach a dangerous concentration of 4%.

[0042] As a preferred solution of the first cavity 3, it also includes a plurality of first baffles 32 with first openings 321, the first baffles 32 are arranged in the first cavity 3, and the first cavity 3 is divided into a plurality of first sub-cavities, each of which is interconnected through the first openings 321, and each of which can be connected to the lumen of the inner tube 1 through the first inner vent 13. The structure of the plurality of first sub-cavities makes it necessary for air or hydrogen to pass through a plurality of first openings 321 when flowing therein before finally flowing out, thereby increasing the resistance of gas flow, extending the propagation path of sound, and allowing sound energy to be consumed more, and achieving better noise reduction effect. In addition, this structure facilitates making at least one of the number, size and position of the first openings 321 on each of the first baffles 32 different according to actual needs, thereby achieving different sound absorption effects, and having an absorption effect on the sound propagated in each frequency band and each position, which conforms to the characteristics of a wide frequency range of hydrogen fuel cell exhaust noise; and the volumes of the first sub-cavities are different, and the first sub-cavities of different volumes also form sound absorption spaces that absorb different frequency bands. In coordination therewith, the sound-absorbing structure 31 is sound-absorbing cotton, which is a material with excellent sound absorption, flame retardancy and stability, and is suitable for use as a filling structure of the first cavity 3 in the present invention. It should be noted that in addition to the sound-absorbing cotton, other sound-absorbing structures can also be used, mainly sound-absorbing structures with porous structures, such as sound-absorbing structures made of foam, sponge and honeycomb-type structures, which have a strong sound-absorbing effect. In particular, the sound absorption coefficient of the sound-absorbing cotton in each of the first sub-cavities is not exactly the same, so that the sound absorption effect of each frequency band is better, thereby achieving a better wide-band sound absorption effect. In terms of specific structure, the first cavity 3 is an annular cavity, which is convenient for the middle tube 2 and the inner tube 1 to be formed by sleeve arrangement, and the first partition 32 is an annular partition matching the annular cavity.

[0043] As a preferred solution of the second cavity 5, it also includes a plurality of second partitions 51 with second openings 511, which are arranged in the second cavity 5 to divide the second cavity 5 into a plurality of second sub-cavities, each of which is interconnected through the second openings 511. Similar to the first cavity 3, a plurality of second sub-cavities can increase the resistance when hydrogen flows in, so that the hydrogen slows down and reduces noise during the flow. A portion of the second sub-cavities is connected to the first cavity 3 through the middle vent hole, which is convenient for hydrogen to flow into the first cavity 3 when hydrogen is discharged, and is also convenient for air to enter the second cavity 5 after hydrogen discharge is stopped. In addition, a portion of the second sub-cavities is connected to the lumen of the inner tube 1 through the second inner vent hole 14, which is convenient for a portion of hydrogen to flow directly into the inner tube 1.

[0044] In terms of the shape of the second cavity 5, one end of the outer tube 4 is connected to the middle tube 2, and the other end is connected to the inner tube 1. The second cavity 5 extends from between the middle tube 2 and the outer tube 4 to between the inner tube 1 and the outer tube 4. This shape makes the longitudinal section of the second cavity 5 present two L-shapes symmetrical about the central axis of the inner tube. Before the hydrogen enters the inner tube 1 from the inner vent hole, it needs to make a turn, so that the flow rate of the hydrogen is slowed down; the hydrogen inlet 52 is opened at the position of the outer tube 4 corresponding to the middle tube 2, so as to be further away from the position where the inner vent hole is located, thereby extending the path length of the hydrogen from inflow to outflow, which is conducive to the hydrogen entering the first cavity 3 from the middle vent hole to achieve better speed reduction and noise reduction effects.

[0045] In addition, a connecting pipe 521 is connected to the outside of the hydrogen inlet 52, and the axial direction of the connecting pipe 521 is tangent to the tube wall of the outer tube 4, so that hydrogen can flow in along the direction tangent to the outer tube 4 and the middle tube 2, thereby reducing a large amount of airflow noise and radiation noise that may be generated when a large amount of high-speed hydrogen enters the entire exhaust silencer from the hydrogen inlet 52 at the moment of hydrogen discharge and directly impacts the middle tube 2 and the outer tube 4.

[0046] The present embodiment further optimizes the size of the inner vent hole, which includes a first inner vent hole 13 and a second inner vent hole 14. The first inner vent hole 13 leads to the first cavity 3, and the second inner vent hole 14 leads to the second cavity 5. The first inner vent hole 13 is larger than the second inner vent hole 14. The larger size of the first inner vent hole 13 allows the air flowing through to more easily enter the first cavity 3 from the first inner vent hole 13 for noise reduction, rather than entering the second cavity 5; the smaller size of the second inner vent hole 14 can also keep as much hydrogen as possible in the second cavity 5, rather than discharge it in large quantities, so that after stopping the discharge of hydrogen, the hydrogen is mixed with air to reduce the concentration before being discharged. This design of the inner vent hole achieves better noise reduction and hydrogen dilution effects for the entire device.

[0047] In addition, the present invention also provides an automobile, including the exhaust muffler device, and the remaining components of the automobile adopt the existing technology in the field, which will not be described in detail here.

[0048] The above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any non-substantial changes and substitutions made by technicians in this field on the basis of the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Claims

1. An exhaust muffler device, characterized in that: include: An inner tube, one end of which is an air inlet and the other end of which is an air outlet, the inner tube is provided with a plurality of first inner vent holes and second inner vent holes which are arranged along the axial direction of the inner tube and penetrate the tube wall; A middle tube, which is sleeved on the outer peripheral side of the inner tube, with both ends of the middle tube connected to the outer wall of the inner tube, a first cavity is defined between the middle tube and the inner tube, the first inner vent hole is connected to the first cavity, and a sound-absorbing structure is provided in the first cavity; the middle tube is also provided with a plurality of middle vent holes penetrating the wall of the middle tube; An outer tube is sleeved on the outer peripheral side of the middle tube, one end of the outer tube is connected to the outer wall of the middle tube or the inner tube, the other end of the outer tube close to the air outlet is connected to the outer wall of the inner tube, a second cavity is defined between the outer tube and the middle tube, and between the outer tube and the inner tube, the middle air vent is communicated with the second cavity connected to the middle tube, and the second inner air vent is communicated with the second cavity connected to the inner tube; a hydrogen inlet connected to the second cavity is also provided on the tube wall of the outer tube.

2. The exhaust muffler device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a plurality of first partitions with first openings, wherein the first partitions are arranged in the first cavity, and the first partitions divide the first cavity into a plurality of first sub-cavities, each of the first sub-cavities is interconnected through the first openings, and each first sub-cavity can be connected to the lumen of the inner tube through the first internal vent hole.

3. The exhaust muffler device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The volumes of the first sub-cavities are different.

4. The exhaust muffler device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The number, size, and / or position of the first openings on each of the first partitions are different.

5. The exhaust muffler device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sound-absorbing structure is sound-absorbing cotton, and the sound absorption coefficients of the sound-absorbing cotton in each of the first sub-cavities are not completely the same.

6. The exhaust muffler device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: It also includes a plurality of second partitions with second openings, wherein the second partitions are arranged in the second cavity, and the second partitions divide the second cavity into a plurality of second sub-cavities, each of which is interconnected through the second openings; a portion of the second sub-cavities is connected to the first cavity through the middle air vent, and a portion of the second sub-cavities is connected to the tube cavity of the inner tube through the second inner air vent.

7. The exhaust muffler device according to claim 6, characterized in that: One end of the outer tube is connected to the middle tube, and the other end is connected to the inner tube. The second cavity extends from between the middle tube and the outer tube to between the inner tube and the outer tube. The hydrogen inlet is opened on the outer tube and corresponds to the position of the middle tube.

8. The exhaust muffler device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen inlet is also connected to a connecting pipe, and the axial direction of the connecting pipe is tangent to the tube wall of the outer tube.

9. The exhaust muffler device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first inner vent hole is larger than the second inner vent hole.

10. An automobile, characterized in that: An exhaust silencer comprising the exhaust silencer according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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