A method for predicting surrounding rock of tunnel using multi-line geological radar

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for predicting surrounding rock of tunnels using multi-line geological radar, which comprises the following steps: S1. Detection preparation; S2. Measured line design, a first measured line is set along the contour of the tunnel wall, and a plurality of second measured lines are set in a crisscross pattern on the tunnel face to obtain a measured line design drawing; S3. Detection equipment installation and calibration; S4. Full-area scanning, the measured line design drawing in step S2 is implanted into the control computer of the three-arm rock drilling trolley, and the control computer of the three-arm rock drilling trolley automatically controls the support arm to drive the geological radar to move along the route of the measured line design drawing and perform scanning and detection; when the geological radar is installed on the support arm in step S3, the geological radar is installed on the upper end face of the support arm through a clamping device, and the clamping device can achieve the effect of the geological radar being in close contact with the tunnel wall during movement. The present invention can perform full-area scanning on the tunnel face, with higher detection accuracy, and can also ensure that the geological radar is in close contact with the surface to be measured during detection, and the detection effect is better.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel surrounding rock geological detection, in particular to a tunnel surrounding rock prediction method using a multi-survey line geological radar. Background Art

[0002] At present, my country has become the country with the largest scale and number of tunnels and underground projects in the world, the most complex geological conditions and structural forms, and the fastest development of construction technology. However, with the complexity and changeability of geological conditions, construction environment, and structural forms, the safety risks of tunnel construction are getting higher and higher. The tunnel construction process often encounters adverse geological conditions such as faults, broken zones, soft strata, and karst. If the tunnel cannot be accurately and efficiently predicted in advance, it will not only affect the progress of tunnel construction, but may also cause safety accidents such as tunnel collapse and sudden mud and water gushing, causing huge economic losses and casualties.

[0003] In the process of radar detection of the surrounding rock geological conditions in front of the tunnel, the common method in engineering is to carry out detection by manually lifting the radar. Generally speaking, only one survey line can be used for detection, and this survey line is located at the bottom of the tunnel face. The geological radar scan is a cone surface, and one survey line cannot cover the tunnel face. At the same time, the radar detection energy decays seriously with the extension of the distance, and the rear prediction accuracy is low.

[0004] In actual detection, due to the unevenness of the tunnel, bumpy road surface and changes in the tunnel arch surface, it is difficult to keep the radar close to the tunnel wall, which will make the detection radar receiving signal unstable and affect the detection effect. And when using a single measurement line, there is often a low accuracy. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to improve the problem that it is difficult for geological radar to always fit the tunnel wall and the small number of survey lines leads to low detection accuracy and poor effect, the present invention provides a tunnel surrounding rock prediction method of multi-survey line geological radar.

[0006] The invention provides a method for predicting surrounding rock of tunnels using a multi-line geological radar, which adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A method for predicting surrounding rock of a tunnel using a multi-line geological radar comprises the following steps:

[0008] S1. Preparation for detection: clean the ground, face and tunnel wall of the tunnel area to be tested;

[0009] S2. Survey line design: setting a first survey line along the tunnel wall contour, setting multiple second survey lines crisscrossing each other on the tunnel face, and obtaining a survey line design drawing;

[0010] S3. Installation and verification of detection equipment: install the geological radar on one of the arms of the three-arm drilling trolley, start the three-arm drilling trolley to control the arm to drive the geological radar to move in space, and verify the positioning accuracy of the remote sensing instrument on the arm;

[0011] S4. Scan the entire area, implant the survey line design in step S2 into the control computer of the three-arm drilling trolley, and automatically control the support arm through the control computer of the three-arm drilling trolley to drive the geological radar to move along the survey line design route and perform scanning detection;

[0012] When the geological radar is installed on the support arm in step S3, the geological radar is installed on the upper end surface of the support arm through a clamping device, and the clamping device can achieve a close contact effect between the geological radar and the tunnel wall during movement.

[0013] Furthermore, the clamping device includes a connecting seat for connecting with the supporting arm and a mounting seat provided on the connecting seat and used for mounting the geological radar, the mounting seat is hinged on the connecting seat, and a driving member for driving the mounting seat to flip on the connecting seat is provided on the connecting seat;

[0014] A switch for turning on the geological radar is provided on one side of the geological radar close to the mounting seat, and a starting block is movably provided on the mounting seat for sliding in a direction approaching or away from the in-place switch. A control mechanism is provided on the mounting seat for driving the starting block to press against the in-place switch only when the detection surface of the geological radar is completely in close contact with the tunnel wall.

[0015] Furthermore, the control mechanism includes at least four clamping wheels arranged on the periphery of the geological radar, the clamping wheels protrude from the side of the geological radar away from the mounting seat, and the axle of the clamping wheel is connected with a clamping rod elastically arranged on the mounting seat;

[0016] The control mechanism also includes a control component for driving the start block to press against the in-place switch only when a plurality of the pressing wheels are simultaneously flush with the geological radar detection surface.

[0017] Furthermore, the control assembly includes a control rod slidably arranged on the mounting seat and arranged one-to-one with the plurality of the abutting rods, and a ring groove is provided on the peripheral side of the start block to be plugged and matched with the control rod;

[0018] When the abutting wheel protrudes from the detection surface of the geological radar, the end of the control rod is embedded in the annular groove, and at this time, the starting block does not conflict with the in-position switch;

[0019] An unlocking structure is arranged between the control rod and the abutting rod, which is used to drive the control rod to move in a direction away from the annular groove when the abutting rod moves in a direction close to the control rod.

[0020] Furthermore, the unlocking structure includes a first guide slope and a second guide slope respectively arranged at two ends close to the control rod and the clamping rod, the first guide slope is parallel to the second guide slope, and the second guide slope is arranged away from the geological radar.

[0021] Furthermore, the mounting seat is provided with a first elastic member for driving the abutting rod to move toward the direction close to the geological radar detection surface;

[0022] The mounting seat is provided with a second elastic member for driving the control rod to move toward the direction close to the starting block;

[0023] The mounting seat is provided with a third elastic member for driving the start block to move toward the direction close to the in-position switch.

[0024] Furthermore, the end of the control rod close to the start block is provided with a third guide slope facing away from the in-position switch, and the end of the start block away from the in-position switch is provided with multiple fourth guide slopes corresponding to and parallel to the multiple third guide slopes.

[0025] Furthermore, the driving member is configured as an electric push rod or a hydraulic rod, one end of the driving member is hinged to the mounting seat, and the other end of the driving member is hinged to the connecting seat.

[0026] Furthermore, the driving member is electrically connected to a controller, and the controller is electrically connected to the in-position switch.

[0027] In summary, the present invention has at least the following beneficial technical effects:

[0028] 1. First, by setting the first survey line and multiple second survey lines on the tunnel face, the tunnel face can be scanned in the entire area, so that the formed geological forecast is more accurate; and the geological radar is installed on the arm of the three-arm drilling trolley through the clamping device, which improves the efficiency and quality of geological radar scanning and reduces labor costs. Through the combination and mutual verification of multiple survey lines, full coverage, high accuracy and longer effective distance can be achieved; in addition, the clamping device can further control the close contact effect between the geological radar and the tunnel wall to ensure the detection effect of the geological radar;

[0029] 2. The start of the geological radar is controlled by the control mechanism, so that the geological radar will be started for detection only when it is completely in close contact with the detection surface, which effectively avoids the generation of bad detection results of the geological radar and ensures the scanning quality of the geological radar;

[0030] 3. The setting of the clamping wheel can play a role of selective control during geological radar detection, and on the other hand, it can facilitate the movement of the geological radar when the geological radar is not working. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a flow chart of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 2 It is the survey line design diagram in step S2 of the embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the clamping device and the geological radar mainly used to display the embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the clamping device of an embodiment of the present invention along the diagonal line of the geological radar.

[0035] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of part A.

[0036] Attached figures: 11, first survey line; 12, second survey line; 2, geological radar; 3, support arm; 41, connecting seat; 42, mounting seat; 43, driving member; 44, in-position switch; 45, starting block; 46, annular groove; 47, third elastic member; 48, fourth guide slope; 51, clamping wheel; 52, clamping rod; 53, second guide slope; 54, first elastic member; 61, control rod; 62, first guide slope; 63, second elastic member; 64, third guide slope. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] The embodiment of the present invention discloses a method for predicting surrounding rock of a tunnel using a multi-line geological radar. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The multi-line geological radar tunnel surrounding rock prediction method includes the following steps:

[0039] S1. Preparation for detection: cleaning the ground, face and tunnel wall of the tunnel area to be tested, mainly leveling the surface to be tested and the ground;

[0040] S2. Survey line design: a first survey line 11 is set along the tunnel wall contour, and multiple second survey lines 12 are set in a crisscross pattern on the tunnel face to obtain a survey line design diagram, such as Figure 2 ;

[0041] S3. Installation and verification of detection equipment: install the geological radar 2 on one of the arms 3 of the three-arm drilling trolley, start the three-arm drilling trolley to control the arm 3 to drive the geological radar 2 to move in space, and verify the positioning accuracy of the remote sensing instrument on the arm 3;

[0042] S4. Scan the entire area. The survey line design in step S2 is implanted into the control computer of the three-arm drilling rig. The control computer of the three-arm drilling rig automatically controls the support arm 3 to drive the geological radar 2 to move along the survey line design route and perform scanning and detection.

[0043] In step S3, when the geological radar 2 is installed on the support arm 3, the geological radar 2 is installed on the upper end surface of the support arm 3 by a clamping device, and the clamping device can achieve a close contact effect between the geological radar 2 and the tunnel wall during the movement. Figure 3 and Figure 4 The clamping device includes a connection seat 41 for connecting with the support arm 3 and a mounting seat 42 provided on the connection seat 41 and used to install the geological radar 2. The connection seat 41 is set to be C-shaped and bolted to the support arm 3 with multiple bolts. The mounting seat 42 is hinged to the connection seat 41, and a driving member 43 for driving the mounting seat 42 to flip on the connection seat 41 is provided on the connection seat 41; the driving member 43 is set to be an electric push rod or a hydraulic rod. In this embodiment, a hydraulic rod is selected. The piston rod of the driving member 43 is hinged to the mounting seat 42, and the cylinder body is hinged to the connection seat 41.

[0044] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5 A switch 44 for turning on the geological radar 2 is provided on one side of the geological radar 2 close to the mounting seat 42, and a starting block 45 is movably provided on the mounting seat 42 for sliding in a direction close to or away from the in-place switch 44. Specifically, a third elastic member 47 is provided on the mounting seat 42 for driving the starting block 45 to move in a direction close to the in-place switch 44; and a control mechanism is provided on the mounting seat 42 for driving the starting block 45 to press against the in-place switch 44 only when the detection surface of the geological radar 2 is completely in close contact with the tunnel wall.

[0045] After such arrangement, firstly, by setting the first survey line 11 and multiple second survey lines 12 on the tunnel face, the tunnel face can be scanned in the entire area, so that the formed geological forecast has higher accuracy; and the geological radar 2 is installed on the support arm 3 of the three-arm drilling trolley through the clamping device, which improves the efficiency and quality of the geological radar 2 scanning, reduces the labor cost, and can perform a more comprehensive scan of the tunnel face and the tunnel wall; furthermore, through the control mechanism set up, the geological radar 2 will only be started when the detection surface of the geological radar 2 is completely in close contact with the tunnel wall, which can ensure the detection effect of the geological radar 2.

[0046] In order to realize the function of the above control mechanism, the specific setting is as follows: Figure 4 and Figure 5 The control mechanism includes at least four abutting wheels 51 arranged on the periphery of the geological radar 2. In this embodiment, only four groups of abutting wheels 51 are arranged at the four corners of the geological radar 2. The abutting wheels 51 protrude from the side of the geological radar 2 away from the mounting seat 42. The abutting wheels 51 are connected to the axles of the abutting wheels 51 with abutting rods 52 elastically arranged on the mounting seat 42. The control mechanism also includes a control component for driving the start block 45 to abut against the in-position switch 44 only when multiple abutting wheels 51 are simultaneously flush with the detection surface of the geological radar 2.

[0047] Among them, the control component includes a control rod 61 which is slidably set on the mounting seat 42 and is arranged one by one corresponding to multiple clamping rods 52. A ring groove 46 which is plugged and adapted to the control rod 61 is opened on the circumference of the starting block 45; when the clamping wheel 51 protrudes from the detection surface of the geological radar 2, the end of the control rod 61 is embedded in the ring groove 46, and at this time the starting block 45 does not conflict with the in-place switch 44.

[0048] And, refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 An unlocking structure is provided between the control rod 61 and the clamping rod 52, which is used to drive the control rod 61 to move in the direction away from the annular groove 46 when the clamping rod 52 moves in the direction close to the control rod 61; the unlocking structure includes a first guide slope 62 and a second guide slope 53 respectively provided at two ends close to the control rod 61 and the clamping rod 52, the first guide slope 62 is parallel to the second guide slope 53, and the second guide slope 53 is arranged away from the geological radar 2.

[0049] After such arrangement, when geological prediction detection is carried out, the geological radar 2 is first installed on one of the arms 3 of the three-arm drilling trolley through the clamping device. After the installation is completed, the three-arm drilling trolley is first used to control the arm 3 on which the geological radar 2 is installed to face the detection surface of the geological radar 2 toward the face of the tunnel or the wall of the tunnel, and the detection surface of the geological radar 2 close to the connecting seat 41 is pressed against the surface to be measured; then the driving member 43 is started, and the mounting seat 42 is driven to flip on the connecting seat 41 through the driving member 43, so that the detection surface of the geological radar 2 is completely in close contact with the surface to be measured. The following will explain in detail how to determine whether the detection surface of the geological radar 2 is completely in close contact with the surface to be measured.

[0050] When the geological radar 2 is pressed against the surface to be measured, the four clamping wheels 51 move toward the direction close to the starting block 45 under the reverse force of the surface to be measured, so that the four clamping rods 52 slide on the mounting seat 42 toward the direction close to the control rod 61. At this time, the guiding effect of the clamping rod 52 contacting the first guide slope 62 and the second guide slope 53 can push the control rod 61 to move away from the starting block 45 until the end of the control rod 61 completely escapes from the annular groove 46 of the starting block 45. At this time, the starting block 45 is pressed against the in-place switch 44 under the elastic force of the third elastic member 47, and the geological radar 2 is turned on and works.

[0051] It can be seen from this that only when the four clamping wheels 51 drive the corresponding control rods 61 to disengage from the annular groove 46 on the starting block 45 under the reverse force of the surface to be measured, can the starting block 45 come into contact with the in-place switch 44 under the action of the third elastic member 47; that is, only when the four corners of the detection surface of the geological radar 2 are completely in close contact with the surface to be measured, can the geological radar 2 be started and the operator can receive the scanning data of the geological radar 2, thereby more comprehensively ensuring the detection effect of the geological radar 2 during use.

[0052] In order to achieve the above effect when the geological radar 2 scans multiple lines, refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 The mounting seat 42 is provided with a first elastic member 54 for driving the abutting rod 52 to move toward the detection surface of the geological radar 2, and the mounting seat 42 is provided with a second elastic member 63 for driving the control rod 61 to move toward the direction of the start block 45; the first elastic member 54, the second elastic member 63 and the third elastic member 47 mentioned above are all springs. The end of the control rod 61 close to the start block 45 is provided with a third guide slope 64 arranged away from the in-place switch 44, and the end of the start block 45 away from the in-place switch 44 is provided with a plurality of fourth guide slopes 48 corresponding to and parallel to the plurality of third guide slopes 64.

[0053] In this way, when the geological radar 2 gradually moves away from the detection surface, the first elastic member 54 drives the clamping rod 52 to move in the direction away from the control rod 61 to release the restriction on the control rod 61; at this time, the second elastic member 63 drives the control rod 61 to move in the direction close to the starting block 45, and the four control rods 61 are moving toward the annular groove 46 of the starting block 45 at the same time. The third guide slope 64 on the control rod 61 conflicts with the fourth guide slope 48 on the starting block 45, and under the pushing action of the four control rods 61, the starting block 45 overcomes the elastic force of the third elastic member 47 and moves in the direction away from the in-place switch 44 until the four control rods 61 are completely embedded in the annular groove 46 of the starting block 45, and the starting block 45 can be locked. At this time, the in-place switch 44 is not conflicted, and the geological radar 2 is in the off state.

[0054] In order to further reduce the human intervention in the use of the present invention and improve the degree of automation, the driving member 43 is electrically connected to a controller, and the controller is electrically connected to the in-place switch 44. The controller can also be connected to an audible and visual alarm. In this way, when the in-place switch 44 is touched to turn on the geological radar 2, the audible and visual alarm emits a sound or light to remind and warn, and at the same time, the driving member 43 stops driving the mounting seat 42 to continue to flip under the control of the controller, which can play a certain protective role on the geological radar 2.

[0055] The implementation principle of a multi-line geological radar tunnel surrounding rock prediction method in an embodiment of the present invention is as follows: first, by setting a first survey line 11 and multiple second survey lines 12 on the tunnel face, the tunnel face can be scanned in the entire area, so that the formed geological prediction has higher accuracy; and the geological radar 2 is installed on the support arm 3 of the three-arm drilling trolley through a clamping device, which improves the efficiency and quality of the geological radar 2 during scanning, reduces labor costs, and can perform a more comprehensive scan of the tunnel face and the tunnel wall; furthermore, through the control mechanism set up, the geological radar 2 will only be started when the detection surface of the geological radar 2 is completely in close contact with the tunnel wall, which can ensure the detection effect of the geological radar 2.

[0056] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for predicting surrounding rock of tunnel using multi-line geological radar, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Preparation for detection: clean the ground, face and tunnel wall of the tunnel area to be tested; S2. Survey line design, setting a first survey line (11) along the tunnel wall contour, setting a plurality of second survey lines (12) crisscrossing each other on the tunnel face, and obtaining a survey line design drawing; S3. Installation and verification of detection equipment: installing the geological radar (2) on one of the arms (3) of the three-arm drilling trolley, starting the three-arm drilling trolley to control the arm (3) to drive the geological radar (2) to move in space, and verifying the positioning accuracy of the remote sensing instrument on the arm (3); S4. Scan the entire area, implant the survey line design in step S2 into the control computer of the three-arm drilling trolley, and automatically control the support arm (3) through the control computer of the three-arm drilling trolley to drive the geological radar (2) to move along the route of the survey line design and perform scanning and detection; When the geological radar (2) is installed on the support arm (3) in step S3, the geological radar (2) is installed on the upper end surface of the support arm (3) by means of a clamping device, and the clamping device can achieve a close contact effect between the geological radar (2) and the tunnel wall during movement; The clamping device comprises a connecting seat (41) for connecting with the supporting arm (3) and a mounting seat (42) provided on the connecting seat (41) and used for mounting the geological radar (2); the mounting seat (42) is hinged on the connecting seat (41); and the connecting seat (41) is provided with a driving member (43) for driving the mounting seat (42) to flip on the connecting seat (41); A position switch (44) for turning on the geological radar (2) is provided on one side of the geological radar (2) close to the mounting seat (42); a start block (45) is movably provided on the mounting seat (42) for sliding in a direction approaching or moving away from the position switch (44); and a control mechanism is provided on the mounting seat (42) for driving the start block (45) to press against the position switch (44) only when the detection surface of the geological radar (2) is completely in close contact with the tunnel wall surface; The control mechanism comprises at least four retaining wheels (51) arranged on the peripheral side of the geological radar (2), the retaining wheels (51) protruding from a side of the geological radar (2) away from the mounting seat (42), and a retaining rod (52) elastically arranged on the mounting seat (42) is connected to the wheel axle of the retaining wheel (51); The control mechanism further comprises a control component for driving the start block (45) to press against the in-position switch (44) only when a plurality of the pressing wheels (51) are simultaneously flush with the detection surface of the geological radar (2); The control assembly comprises a control rod (61) slidably arranged on the mounting seat (42) and arranged one-to-one with the plurality of the abutting rods (52); a ring groove (46) is provided on the circumference of the start block (45) and is plug-fitted with the control rod (61); When the abutting wheel (51) protrudes from the detection surface of the geological radar (2), the end of the control rod (61) is embedded in the annular groove (46), and at this time the starting block (45) does not conflict with the in-position switch (44); an unlocking structure is provided between the control rod (61) and the abutting rod (52), which is used to drive the control rod (61) to move in a direction away from the annular groove (46) when the abutting rod (52) moves in a direction close to the control rod (61); The unlocking structure comprises a first guiding inclined surface (62) and a second guiding inclined surface (53) respectively arranged at two ends of the control rod (61) and the abutting rod (52) close to each other, the first guiding inclined surface (62) being parallel to the second guiding inclined surface (53), and the second guiding inclined surface (53) being arranged away from the geological radar (2); The mounting seat (42) is provided with a first elastic member (54) for driving the abutting rod (52) to move in a direction close to the detection surface of the geological radar (2); The mounting seat (42) is provided with a second elastic member (63) for driving the control rod (61) to move in a direction close to the starting block (45); The mounting seat (42) is provided with a third elastic member (47) for driving the start block (45) to move towards a direction close to the in-position switch (44); The end of the control rod (61) close to the start block (45) is provided with a third guide inclined surface (64) arranged away from the in-position switch (44), and the end of the start block (45) away from the in-position switch (44) is provided with a plurality of fourth guide inclined surfaces (48) corresponding to and parallel to the plurality of third guide inclined surfaces (64).

2. The method for predicting surrounding rock of tunnel using multi-line geological radar according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving member (43) is configured as an electric push rod or a hydraulic rod, and one end of the driving member (43) is hinged to the mounting seat (42), and the other end is hinged to the connecting seat (41).

3. The method for predicting surrounding rock of tunnel using multi-line geological radar according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving member (43) is electrically connected to a controller, and the controller is electrically connected to the in-position switch (44).

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