Temperature measurement method for high-temperature components
By utilizing the temperature values of nearby stationary components and machine learning methods, combined with heat conduction, convection, and radiation heat transfer processes, the wall temperature of high-temperature components is calculated, solving the problem of real-time monitoring of high-temperature component wall temperature and achieving rapid and high-precision temperature assessment.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202110251362.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2021-03-08
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-25
- Estimated Expiration
- 2041-03-08
AI Technical Summary
In existing technologies, real-time monitoring of the wall temperature of high-temperature components is difficult, especially due to the difficulty in setting up temperature measurement points. Indirect measurement methods are also time-consuming and cannot achieve rapid and high-precision wall temperature assessment.
By utilizing the wall and cavity temperatures of nearby stationary components and combining them with machine learning methods to obtain cold airflow parameters, and considering heat transfer processes such as conduction, convection, and radiation, the wall temperature of high-temperature components is calculated using formulas, simplifying the measurement process and enabling real-time monitoring.
Without requiring additional hardware, it enables rapid and high-precision monitoring of the wall temperature of high-temperature components, avoiding the risk of overheating, and is suitable for complex environments such as aero engines.
Smart Images
Figure CN115048851B_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of temperature measurement, and in particular to a temperature measurement method for a high-temperature component. BACKGROUND
[0002] In actual operation of a gas turbine, in addition to heat conduction between solids and convection heat transfer between solid surfaces and fluids, there is also radiation heat transfer. Due to a large temperature difference between different components, high-temperature components at different operating conditions and different positions have radiation effects on the solids of low-temperature components that are close to the high-temperature components and have no shielding, and on the environment in which the low-temperature components are located, and the radiation heat cannot be ignored.
[0003] In addition, for some high-temperature components exposed to the mainstream, it is difficult to arrange temperature measurement points to monitor the wall temperature in real time, and real-time monitoring of whether the wall temperature of the high-temperature component is overheated is related to the safety of the engine and is of great significance to the life and performance evaluation of the engine. In related technologies, the method for indirectly measuring the wall temperature of the high-temperature component uses iterative calculation and other methods for evaluation, which often requires complex equipment support or time-consuming simulation calculation. SUMMARY
[0004] Some embodiments of the present application propose a temperature measurement method for a high-temperature component to alleviate the problem of temperature measurement difficulty.
[0005] Some embodiments of the present application provide a temperature measurement method for a high-temperature component, which includes:
[0006] obtaining a wall temperature value and / or a cavity temperature value of a stationary component adjacent to the high-temperature component;
[0007] obtaining a cold gas flow parameter flowing through the stationary component by a machine learning method according to the wall temperature value and / or the cavity temperature value of the stationary component; and
[0008] judging whether the solid-to-solid radiation heat transfer is considered in the heat exchange process of the high-temperature component, and if the solid-to-solid radiation heat transfer is considered, combining the convective heat transfer process, the solid-to-solid radiation heat transfer process, and the cold gas side parameter to obtain the wall temperature of the high-temperature component.
[0009] In some embodiments, before the convective heat transfer process, the solid-to-solid radiation heat transfer process, and the cold gas side parameter are combined, it is further judged whether the space radiation heat transfer is considered, and if the space radiation heat transfer is not considered, the convective heat transfer process, the solid-to-solid radiation heat transfer process, and the cold gas side parameter are combined to obtain the wall temperature of the high-temperature component.
[0010] In some embodiments, before combining the convective heat transfer process, the inter-solid radiation heat transfer process and the cold gas side parameters, it is further determined whether to consider the space radiation heat transfer, and if the space radiation heat transfer is considered, the convective heat transfer process, the inter-solid radiation heat transfer process, the space radiation heat transfer process and the cold gas side parameters are combined to obtain the wall temperature of the high-temperature component.
[0011] In some embodiments, the combining of the convective heat transfer process, the inter-solid radiation heat transfer process, the space radiation heat transfer process and the cold gas side parameters to obtain the wall temperature of the high-temperature component is realized by using the following formula:
[0012]
[0013]
[0014]
[0015]
[0016] According to the above four formulas, T1 and T2 are solved, and T1 and T2 are the wall temperature values of the two surfaces of the selected high-temperature component;
[0017] Wherein, J1, J2, J3 are the effective radiation of the high-temperature surface, the low-temperature surface and the space environment of the high-temperature component respectively;
[0018] Eb1, Eb2, Eb3 are the radiation forces of the high-temperature surface, the low-temperature surface and the space environment of the high-temperature component respectively;
[0019] ε1, ε2 are the emissivities of the materials used for the two surfaces of the selected high-temperature component;
[0020] X 1,2 ,X 1，3 ,X 2，3 are the angular coefficients of the high-temperature surface of the high-temperature component to the low-temperature surface, the angular coefficient of the high-temperature surface of the high-temperature component to the environment space, and the angular coefficient of the low-temperature surface to the environment space respectively;
[0021] T1, T2 are the wall temperatures of the two surfaces of the selected high-temperature component respectively;
[0022] h1, h2, h3, h4 are the corresponding heat transfer coefficients of the four surfaces of the selected high-temperature component respectively;
[0023] S1, S2, S3, S4 are the surface areas of the four surfaces of the selected high-temperature component respectively;
[0024] T c1out 、T c1in are the outlet gas flow temperature and the inlet gas flow temperature of the first channel conveying the cold gas to the high-temperature component respectively;
[0025] T c2out 、T c2in are the outlet airflow temperature and the inlet airflow temperature of the second channel conveying cold air to the high-temperature component, respectively;
[0026] Tf is the heat source temperature for increasing the surface temperature of the high-temperature component.
[0027] In some embodiments, if the solid-solid radiation heat transfer is not considered, the convective heat transfer process of the high-temperature component is combined with the cold air side parameters to obtain the wall temperature of the high-temperature component.
[0028] In some embodiments, the cold air flow parameters flowing through the stationary component are obtained according to the wall temperature value and / or the cavity temperature value of the stationary component by a machine learning method, including: obtaining a database according to the wall temperature value and / or the cavity temperature value of the stationary component, dividing all data into a training set and a test set by randomly splitting the data set, using a BP neural network containing three hidden layers according to the number of input data, and setting an initial learning rate, obtaining the cold air flow parameters by a machine learning method.
[0029] In some embodiments, the solid-solid radiation heat transfer is considered when the temperature of the high-temperature component and the stationary component is higher than a first preset value, and the temperature difference of different parts is greater than a second preset value; wherein the first preset value and the second preset value are temperature values selected according to experience.
[0030] In some embodiments, the space radiation is considered when the temperature of the high-temperature component and the stationary component is higher than a third preset value, and the heat radiation is performed to the environment space; wherein the third preset value is a temperature value selected according to experience.
[0031] In some embodiments, the high-temperature component includes a rotor of an aero-engine.
[0032] Based on the above technical solutions, the present application has at least the following advantages:
[0033] In some embodiments, the temperature measurement method of the high-temperature component utilizes existing temperature measurement points, obtains relevant cold air flow parameters based on a machine learning method, considers the influence of the heat conduction process, the convective heat transfer process and the radiation heat transfer process on the high-temperature component, and performs real-time temperature indirect measurement; this method is relatively simple, time-consuming, does not require additional hardware measurement equipment, can perform fast and high-precision real-time monitoring, and avoids the risk of over-temperature. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0034] The drawings described herein are used to provide further understanding of the present application, and form a part of the present application. The illustrative embodiments of the present application and their descriptions are used to explain the present application, and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application. In the drawings:
[0035] Figure 1 A flowchart of a temperature measurement method for a high-temperature component according to some embodiments of the present application is shown in FIG. 1.
[0036] Figure 2 An equivalent network diagram involving a radiation part according to some embodiments of the present application is shown in FIG. 2. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0037] The technical solutions in the embodiments will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.
[0038] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the scope of protection of the present application.
[0039] In addition to the effects of conduction and convection, the radiation effect of the actual running engine component wall temperature cannot be ignored. How to accurately and quickly monitor the wall temperature of the high-temperature component is of great significance to the safe and stable operation of the engine. In the related art, the iterative calculation method for indirectly measuring the wall temperature of the high-temperature component requires complex equipment support or takes a long time, and cannot perform real-time monitoring of the wall temperature of the high-temperature component.
[0040] Based on this, some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a temperature measurement method for a high-temperature component, which indirectly measures the wall temperature of the high-temperature component without additional hardware measurement equipment support, in combination with the convection and radiation heat transfer processes. The method is simple and can monitor the wall temperature change of the high-temperature component in real time during engine operation.
[0041] As shown in FIG. 1, in some embodiments, the temperature measurement method for a high-temperature component includes the following steps: Figure 1
[0042] Obtaining the wall temperature value and / or the cavity temperature value of a stationary component adjacent to the high-temperature component;
[0043] Obtaining the cold gas flow parameter flowing through the stationary component by a machine learning method according to the wall temperature value and / or the cavity temperature value of the stationary component;
[0044] determining whether the high-temperature component considers solid-solid radiation heat transfer in the heat exchange process, and if the solid-solid radiation heat transfer is considered, combining the convective heat transfer process, the solid-solid radiation heat transfer process, and the cold gas side parameters to obtain the wall temperature of the high-temperature component.
[0045] wherein the wall temperature value of the stationary component and / or the cavity temperature value is a temperature value that has been obtained by an existing temperature measuring device.
[0046] The temperature measuring method for the high-temperature component provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure utilizes an existing temperature measuring point (a temperature measuring point on a stationary component), obtains relevant cold gas flow parameters based on a machine learning method, considers the influence of the heat conduction process, the convective heat transfer process, and the radiation heat transfer process on the high-temperature component, and performs real-time temperature indirect measurement; the method is relatively simple, short in time consumption, does not require additional hardware measurement devices, can perform fast and high-precision real-time monitoring, and avoids the risk of over-temperature.
[0047] The temperature measuring method for the high-temperature component provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure can achieve real-time monitoring of the wall temperature of the high-temperature component based on an automatic program.
[0048] In some embodiments, before the convective heat transfer process, the solid-solid radiation heat transfer process, and the cold gas side parameters are combined, it is further determined whether to consider space radiation heat transfer, and if the space radiation heat transfer is not considered, the convective heat transfer process, the solid-solid radiation heat transfer process, and the cold gas side parameters are combined to obtain the wall temperature of the high-temperature component.
[0049] The temperature measuring method for the high-temperature component provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure is based on processes such as heat conduction and convection, utilizes effective data parameters, and performs calculation according to an empirical formula to finally obtain wall temperature data about the high-temperature part, simplifies the measurement process of the entire high-temperature component wall temperature, and can perform batch rapid evaluation for different components under different working conditions.
[0050] In some embodiments, before the convective heat transfer process, the solid-solid radiation heat transfer process, and the cold gas side parameters are combined, it is further determined whether to consider space radiation heat transfer, and if the space radiation heat transfer is considered, the convective heat transfer process, the solid-solid radiation heat transfer process, the space radiation heat transfer process, and the cold gas side parameters are combined to obtain the wall temperature of the high-temperature component.
[0051] The temperature measuring method for the high-temperature component provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure considers the influence of solid-solid radiation and the radiation of the solid to the environmental space, improves the accuracy of temperature prediction of the high-temperature component, and also more accurately evaluates the cooling effect of the cooling gas.
[0052] In some embodiments, the combining of the convective heat transfer process, the solid-solid radiation heat transfer process, the space radiation heat transfer process, and the cold gas side parameters to obtain the wall temperature of the high-temperature component is realized by using the following formula:
[0053]
[0054]
[0055]
[0056]
[0057] According to the above four formulas, T1 and T2 are solved, and T1 and T2 are the wall temperature values of the two surfaces of the selected high-temperature component.
[0058] Wherein, J1, J2, J3 are the effective radiation of the high-temperature surface, the corresponding low-temperature surface of the high-temperature component, and the space environment, respectively;
[0059] Eb1, Eb2, Eb3 are the radiation forces of the high-temperature surface, the low-temperature surface, and the space environment of the high-temperature component, respectively;
[0060] ε1, ε2 are the emissivity of the materials used for the two surfaces of the selected high-temperature component;
[0061] X 1,2 ,X 1，3 ,X 2，3 are the angular coefficients of the high-temperature surface of the high-temperature component to the low-temperature surface, the angular coefficients of the high-temperature surface of the high-temperature component to the environment space, and the angular coefficients of the low-temperature surface to the environment space, respectively;
[0062] T1, T2 are the wall temperatures of the two surfaces of the selected high-temperature component, respectively;
[0063] h1, h2, h3, h4 are the corresponding heat transfer coefficients of the four surfaces of the selected high-temperature component, respectively;
[0064] S1, S2, S3, S4 are the surface areas of the four surfaces of the selected high-temperature component, respectively;
[0065] T c1out 、T c1in are the outlet air temperature and the inlet air temperature of the first channel conveying cold air to the high-temperature component, respectively;
[0066] T c2out 、T c2in are the outlet air temperature and the inlet air temperature of the second channel conveying cold air to the high-temperature component, respectively;
[0067] Tf is the temperature of the heat source for increasing the surface temperature of the high-temperature component.
[0068] As Figure 2 shown, it is an equivalent network schematic diagram considering radiation, and if it is judged that the influence of space radiation needs to be considered in the Figure 1 , the three heat transfer modes of heat conduction, convection and radiation will be considered, and the formulaFigure 2 The equivalent network diagram in FIG. 8 is used to help solve the radiation heat exchange, Figure 2 J3 is the effective radiation related to the ambient temperature, using the above four formulas, the wall temperature values of the two surfaces of the selected high-temperature component can be solved, and by analogy with Kirchhoff's law, the T1 and T2 wall temperature values of interest are solved by using the four node potentials (surface effective radiation) J1, J2, Eb1 and Eb2 conservation.
[0069] In some embodiments, if the solid-solid radiation heat exchange is not considered, the convective heat exchange process of the high-temperature component is calculated with the cold gas side parameters to obtain the wall temperature of the high-temperature component.
[0070] In some embodiments, the cold gas flow parameters flowing through the stationary component are obtained by a machine learning method according to the wall temperature value and / or the cavity temperature value of the stationary component, comprising: obtaining a database according to the wall temperature value and / or the cavity temperature value of the stationary component, using random data set splitting to divide all data into a training set and a test set, using a BP neural network containing three hidden layers according to the number of input data, and setting the initial learning rate, obtaining the cold gas flow parameters by a machine learning method.
[0071] The purpose of machine learning is to obtain the cold gas side temperature parameters, and the wall temperature and cavity temperature with the highest temperature parameter correlation are considered as reference input data. Based on the obtained database, using random number data set splitting, all data is divided into a training set and a test set, using a BP neural network containing three hidden layers according to the number of input data, and setting the initial learning rate β0 to 0.1, finally obtaining the cold gas side parameters without measuring points and other related flows by a machine learning method. When having the cold gas side parameters, material properties (including thermal conductivity, specific heat capacity, etc.), main flow high-temperature gas flow parameters and other data, according to the actual heat exchange process, comprehensively considering the influence of metal heat conduction, convective heat transfer and radiation heat transfer, according to the corresponding empirical correlation (for example: the above formula), the wall temperature values of the high-temperature parts are solved by solving the equation set.
[0072] In some embodiments, when the temperature of the high-temperature component and the stationary component is higher than a first preset value, and the temperature difference of different parts is greater than a second preset value, the solid-solid radiation heat exchange is considered; wherein the first preset value and the second preset value are temperature values selected according to experience.
[0073] In some embodiments, when the temperature of the high-temperature component and the stationary component is higher than a third preset value, and the heat radiation to the environment space is considered, the space radiation is considered, wherein the third preset value is a temperature value selected according to experience.
[0074] In some embodiments, the high-temperature component comprises a rotor of an aero-engine.
[0075] During the test of the related engine, there is no rotor side measuring point, and the safe and stable operation of the rotating part is very important for the performance of the engine, and timely discovery of the over-temperature hidden danger area can avoid the occurrence of accidents.
[0076] The temperature of the rotating part near the main flow side is relatively high, and the radiation effect cannot be ignored. When the flow temperature of the high-temperature gas side of the main flow is known, the wall temperature and cavity temperature measuring points arranged near the rotating part can be used to obtain more accurate secondary flow parameters through machine learning. For example, at the rotor rim, the radiation algorithm is improved by using the obtained flow path parameters and other metal physical parameters, and then the more accurate wall temperature value at this position can be obtained, and the real-time monitoring of the wall temperature of the high-temperature rotating part is realized.
[0077] When the wall temperature of the high-temperature rotor component of the engine cannot be directly measured, the wall temperature of the high-temperature component can be indirectly measured by using the temperature measurement method of the high-temperature component provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, using existing data to obtain relevant flow cooling gas side parameters through machine learning, and then integrating the combined effects of radiation, convection and heat conduction, and through the calculation of the empirical formula, the wall temperature of the corresponding high-temperature component is obtained through real-time analysis and calculation, so as to achieve the purpose of indirectly measuring the wall temperature of the high-temperature rotor component, and further ensure the continuous safe and stable operation of the important high-temperature component of the engine.
[0078] Based on the above-mentioned embodiments of the present application, one technical feature of one embodiment can be beneficially combined with one or more other embodiments without explicit negation.
[0079] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the use of the words "first", "second", "third" and the like to qualify parts is only for the convenience of distinguishing the above-mentioned parts, and the above-mentioned words have no special meaning unless otherwise stated, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the scope of protection of the present application.
[0080] Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application and not to limit them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the specific embodiments of the present application can be modified or some technical features can be replaced by equivalent ones; without departing from the spirit of the technical solutions of the present application, they should be covered in the technical solution range of the present application.
Claims
1. A method for measuring the temperature of a high-temperature component, characterized in that, include: Obtain the wall temperature and / or cavity temperature of stationary components adjacent to high-temperature components; Based on the wall temperature and / or cavity temperature of the stationary component, cold airflow parameters flowing through the stationary component are obtained using machine learning methods. This includes: obtaining a database based on the wall temperature and / or cavity temperature of the stationary component; randomly splitting the dataset into training and testing sets; using a backpropagation (BP) neural network with three hidden layers based on the number of input data points and setting an initial learning rate; and obtaining the cold airflow parameters through machine learning. To determine whether solid-to-solid radiative heat transfer is considered during the heat exchange process of high-temperature components, if solid-to-solid radiative heat transfer is considered, further determine whether spatial radiative heat transfer is considered. If spatial radiative heat transfer is not considered, the wall temperature of the high-temperature component is obtained by combining the convective heat transfer process, the solid-to-solid radiative heat transfer process, and the cold air side parameters. If spatial radiative heat transfer is considered, the wall temperature of the high-temperature component is obtained by combining the convective heat transfer process, the solid-to-solid radiative heat transfer process, the spatial radiative heat transfer process, and the cold air side parameters.
2. The temperature measurement method for high-temperature components as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The high-temperature component wall temperature is obtained by combining convective heat transfer processes, solid-to-solid radiative heat transfer processes, spatial radiative heat transfer processes, and cold air side parameters, using the following formula: Based on the above four formulas, calculate T1 and T2, where T1 and T2 are the wall temperature values of the two surfaces of the selected high-temperature component. Among them, J1, J2, and J3 are the high-temperature surface, low-temperature surface, and effective radiation corresponding to the space environment of the high-temperature component, respectively. Eb1, Eb2, and Eb3 represent the high-temperature surface, low-temperature surface, and radiation force of the space environment of the high-temperature component, respectively. ε1 and ε2 are the emissivity of the materials used on the two surfaces of the selected high-temperature component; X 1,2 ,X 1，3 ,X 2，3 These are the angle coefficients of the high-temperature surface of the high-temperature component relative to the low-temperature surface, the angle coefficients of the high-temperature surface of the high-temperature component relative to the ambient space, and the angle coefficients of the low-temperature surface relative to the ambient space, respectively. T1 and T2 are the wall temperatures of the two surfaces of the selected high-temperature component, respectively. h1, h2, h3, and h4 are the heat transfer coefficients of the four surfaces of the selected high-temperature component, respectively. S1, S2, S3, and S4 are the surface areas of the four surfaces of the selected high-temperature component, respectively. T c1out T c1in These are the outlet airflow temperature and inlet airflow temperature of the first channel that supplies cold air to the high-temperature components, respectively. T c2out T c2in These are the outlet and inlet airflow temperatures of the second channel that supplies cold air to the high-temperature components, respectively. Tf is the temperature of the heat source that increases the surface temperature of the high-temperature component.
3. The temperature measurement method for high-temperature components as described in claim 1, characterized in that, If we do not consider radiative heat transfer between solids, we can combine the convective heat transfer process of the high-temperature component with the parameters of the cold air side to obtain the wall temperature of the high-temperature component.
4. The temperature measurement method for high-temperature components as described in claim 1, characterized in that, When the temperatures of high-temperature components and stationary components are higher than the first preset value, and the temperature difference between different parts is greater than the second preset value, radiative heat transfer between solids is considered; wherein the first preset value and the second preset value are temperature values selected based on experience.
5. The temperature measurement method for high-temperature components as described in claim 1, characterized in that, When the temperature of the high-temperature component and the stationary component is higher than the third preset value, and thermal radiation is emitted into the ambient space, spatial radiation is considered. The third preset value is a temperature value selected based on experience.
6. The temperature measurement method for high-temperature components as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The high-temperature component includes the rotor of an aircraft engine.