Separation layer sealing and grouting method for two-dimensional similar material simulation test bench

Abstract

The present invention discloses a delamination sealing and grouting method for a two-dimensional similar material simulation test bench, and relates to the technical field of similar material simulation. The steps include: preparing conventional similar materials and non-hydrophilic similar materials; calculating and analyzing the expected delamination position in the two-dimensional similar material simulation test bench; laying the conventional similar materials in sequence from the bottom of the model, and laying non-hydrophilic similar materials near the expected delamination position; when laying to the expected delamination position, arranging the grouting pipeline; determining the coal seam mining position in the two-dimensional similar material simulation test bench, and mining the coal seam multiple times; after mining, laying a flexible woven mesh on the surface of the model at the delamination position, spraying a sealing material on the outside of the flexible woven mesh, and installing a transparent acrylic plate on the outside of the model; grouting the delamination layer, and studying the delamination space grouting effect. The present invention solves the problems of inaccurate experimental results caused by poor equipment sealing during the similar material simulation grouting process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of similar material simulation, and in particular to a separation layer sealing and grouting method for a two-dimensional similar material simulation test bench. Background Art

[0002] In the process of preventing and controlling surface subsidence and managing existing mining subsidence areas, grouting technology can not only digest a large amount of industrial solid waste such as fly ash and coal gangue, but also effectively protect the upper strata and aquifers, which is beneficial to the construction of ecological civilization. The overburden delamination grouting method has been gradually put into use in mines due to its low cost, high coal recovery rate and production efficiency, and suitability for high production capacity. This method releases the overburden coal resources and achieves the organic unity of preventing and controlling surface subsidence and protecting the ecological environment. At present, in the research on delamination grouting and permeability simulation, due to the complexity of the rock and soil body and the hidden nature of the grouting project, and due to the poor sealing of the equipment, the slurry will escape during injection, making the research of grouting theory extremely difficult. The research level of the related theory of overburden delamination grouting lags seriously behind the engineering practice and the development of grouting materials. Therefore, it is of great significance to the research on grouting theory.

[0003] Related research reports of existing technologies include:

[0004] Application No. 201811626340.X discloses an indoor overburden delamination measurement and grouting control simulation system and method. In this method, a sleeve sequence is set up to perform multi-layer grouting work, but it does not take into account that the upper and lower rock layers of the delamination will absorb water and be damaged during the grouting process, and the two-dimensional experimental equipment is not closed front and back, and it cannot ensure that the slurry is completely injected into the delamination.

[0005] The difficulty in solving the above technical problems is: after coal seam mining, the overlying rock strata form a delamination space and a large number of cracks are generated. During the grouting process, the slurry will flow in the cracks, and it is difficult to understand its flow direction, resulting in deviations in the slurry calculation. In response to this situation, in the simulation and restoration process of the experimental equipment, similar materials are mostly prepared with water-soluble materials. When encountering slurry, they easily absorb water and disintegrate, losing their original bearing capacity. Water-absorbing materials cannot be used in the delamination space. In addition, due to the poor sealing of the current experimental equipment, the flow loss of the slurry in the equipment makes it difficult to control the amount of grouting, and it is impossible to accurately carry out relevant research, and the expected grouting effect cannot be achieved.

[0006] In summary, the experimental equipment used in the existing overburden delamination grouting technology cannot achieve complete sealing. The delamination overburden grouting technology cannot control the slurry leakage during the grouting process, or it is difficult to observe the slurry seepage after complete sealing, which limits the research of related theories. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a delamination sealing and grouting method for a two-dimensional similar material simulation test bench. When injecting slurry into overburden cracks and delamination layers, the method can prevent slurry loss, thereby solving the problem of inaccurate experimental results caused by poor equipment sealing during the similar material simulation grouting process.

[0008] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0009] A separation layer sealing and grouting method for a two-dimensional similar material simulation test bench comprises the following steps in sequence:

[0010] a. Prepare conventional similar materials and non-hydrophilic similar materials respectively;

[0011] b. Calculate and analyze the expected separation position in a two-dimensional similar material simulation test bench based on relevant theories;

[0012] c. Starting from the bottom of the model, the conventional similar material is automatically laid using an automatic laying device, and mica powder is evenly spread between the conventional similar material rock layers, and non-hydrophilic similar material is laid near the expected separation position;

[0013] The automatic paving device includes an integrated hopper, a sliding mechanism, a cylinder, a leveling and compacting mechanism, and a main control console;

[0014] The integrated hopper includes a hopper body, the cross-sectional area of ​​which decreases from top to bottom, the top of which is provided with a feed inlet, and the bottom of which is provided with a discharge outlet;

[0015] The sliding mechanism includes a first sliding wheel, a second sliding wheel, and a hollow right-angle reducer for driving and controlling the first sliding wheel and the second sliding wheel to slide;

[0016] The side of the hopper body is provided with a first connecting plate and a second connecting plate, and the first sliding wheel and the second sliding wheel are installed on the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate, and the installation heights of the two first sliding wheels and the two second sliding wheels are the same, and the hollow right-angle reducer is installed on the outside of the first sliding wheel and the second sliding wheel located on one side of the first connecting plate, and is used to control and realize the rotation of the two first sliding wheels and the two second sliding wheels;

[0017] A support frame perpendicular to the second connecting plate is also installed on the second connecting plate;

[0018] One end of the cylinder is connected to an air pump station, and the other end is connected to a hinged plate, and the hinged plate is connected to a baffle. The cylinder is supported by the support frame, and the shape and size of the baffle are adapted to the shape and size of the discharge port. The air pump station provides power to control the cylinder and make it pass through the support frame to advance or push out toward the discharge port. The discharge speed of the discharge port is controlled by controlling the advancement and push-out of the cylinder toward the discharge port.

[0019] The leveling and compacting mechanism includes a leveling and compacting plate and a mounting structure, the leveling and compacting plate includes a first plate and a second plate, the first plate is mounted behind the discharge port through the mounting structure, and the first plate is mounted in a direction perpendicular to the sliding directions of the first sliding wheel and the second sliding wheel, the second plate is connected to the bottom of the first plate and is perpendicular to the first plate, when similar materials are discharged from the discharge port, they are leveled and compacted by the second plate; a plurality of circular holes are vertically provided on the first plate, the mounting structure includes fixing screws matching the circular holes, and the height of the leveling and compacting plate is adjusted by adjusting the mounting position of the circular holes;

[0020] A pressure sensor is also provided at the bottom of the second board, and the pressure sensor is connected to the main control console via a data line;

[0021] The automatic laying device is installed above the layer of similar material to be laid by the installation device;

[0022] d. When laying to the expected separation layer position, arrange the grouting pipeline;

[0023] e. Determine the coal seam mining location in a two-dimensional similar material simulation test bench and conduct multiple mining of the coal seam;

[0024] f. After mining is completed, a flexible woven mesh is laid on the surface of the model at the delamination position. The woven mesh can achieve small deformation in the horizontal and vertical directions to prevent the deformation of the overburden during the experiment. A layer of non-hydrophilic sealing material is sprayed on the outside of the flexible woven mesh. The material has slight elasticity and can achieve synchronous deformation with the woven mesh. A transparent acrylic plate is installed on the outside of the model to form a closed delamination space to be filled;

[0025] g. Grouting is carried out into the abscission layer through the grouting pipe to study the effect of grouting on reducing subsidence in the abscission layer space.

[0026] In the above step b, the estimated separation layer position is a range centered on the separation layer, not a fixed layer position.

[0027] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step a, the raw materials of the non-hydrophilic similar material include vaseline, silicone oil, sand and gypsum.

[0028] As another preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step c, conventional similar materials are laid by erecting I-beams from the bottom of the model upward, and non-hydrophilic similar materials are laid in the upper and lower layers at the expected separation position.

[0029] Preferably, in step f, the sealing material is a water-swelling self-healing waterproof sealing material.

[0030] Preferably, in step f, the spraying range of the sealing material is larger than the laying range of the flexible woven mesh.

[0031] Preferably, the mounting device comprises an I-beam, the I-beam is mounted on the front and rear sides of the test chamber of the two-dimensional similar material simulation test bench, and the first sliding wheel and the second sliding wheel are respectively mounted on the flange positions of the I-beam.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the present invention brings the following beneficial technical effects:

[0033] The present invention proposes a delamination sealing and grouting method for a two-dimensional similar material simulation test bench. The method proposes an experimental method of "non-hydrophilic materials for upper and lower rock layers + sealing of gaps on the front and back sides", which can achieve zero interference with the development of delamination during the grouting process. The method of the present invention provides a guarantee for studying the spatial grouting management of overburden delamination.

[0034] In the present invention, a non-hydrophilic similar material is first laid near the delamination position, and then a flexible woven mesh is laid on the model surface at the delamination position. A sealing material is sprayed on the outside of the flexible woven mesh, and a transparent acrylic plate is installed on the outside of the model. This further overcomes the technical problem of easy slurry leakage during the grouting process. The sealing material rapidly expands and solidifies when it comes into contact with water, and can further fill the gap between the woven mesh and the acrylic plate.

[0035] The automatic laying device mentioned above avoids the technical problems of low laying efficiency and uneven laying caused by manual laying. The automatic laying device of the present invention can realize automatic laying of similar materials, save manpower, and has a simple structure and convenient operation.

[0036] The present invention adopts an automatic laying device in the process of laying similar materials, which can prevent the accumulation of similar materials when laying similar materials layer by layer. Since similar materials will not accumulate in the test chamber, it also avoids the occurrence of uneven laying of similar materials in the later stage. First, a baffle that matches the shape and size of the discharge port is provided at one end of the cylinder. The extension length of the cylinder is adjustable. The cylinder is pushed or pushed out by the air pump station. Combined with the baffle, the size of the discharge port can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the discharge speed of similar materials. Secondly, combined with the design of the flattening and tamping plate behind the discharge port, the flattening and tamping plate has plate one installed in a direction perpendicular to the sliding direction of the first and second sliding wheels, and plate two is connected to the bottom of plate one and is perpendicular to plate one. When similar materials are discharged from the discharge port, they are flattened and tamped by plate two. Moreover, since plate two is tamped along with the movement of the first and second pulleys, it tamps while laying, which can better ensure the flatness of similar materials. Finally, the above-mentioned automatic laying device, by providing the first and second sliding wheels, can not only drive the entire device to slide, but also facilitate installation. In actual use, the first and second sliding wheels can be quickly installed by mounting them on the flange position of the I-beam.

[0037] The present invention solves the technical problems of poor sealing and difficulty in precise control of slurry in existing grouting methods. The method of the present invention can effectively control the flow of slurry, reduce the occurrence of slurry leakage during grouting in experiments, make the experimental simulation consistent with engineering practice, and provide scientific technical support for carrying out relevant theoretical research. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0039] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the similar material simulation test device used in the method of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross-section structure of the test bench;

[0041] Figure 3 Flow chart of the grouting method of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of the automatic laying device used in the present invention;

[0043] Figure 5 It is a side view of the automatic laying device;

[0044] Figure 6 It is a top view of the automatic laying device;

[0045] Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the laying state of the automatic laying device;

[0046] In the picture:

[0047] 1. Delamination space, 2. Non-hydrophilic similar material, 3. Sealing material, 4. Flexible woven mesh, 5. Acrylic plate, 6. First sliding wheel, 7. Second sliding wheel, 8. Cylinder, 9. Leveling and compacting mechanism, 10. Discharge port, 11. Integrated hopper, 12. Baffle, 13. Hollow right-angle reducer, 14. Support rod, 15. Air pump station, 16. Automatic laying device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The present invention proposes a delamination sealing and grouting method for a two-dimensional similar material simulation test bench. In order to make the advantages and technical solutions of the present invention clearer and more specific, the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0049] The present invention provides a separation layer sealing and grouting method for a two-dimensional similar material simulation test bench, wherein the test device used is as follows Figure 1 As shown, it includes a test chamber, which is in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped. Conventional similar materials and non-hydrophilic similar materials are laid in the test chamber.

[0050] Conventional similar materials mainly include aggregate and binder. Aggregates include river sand, clay, etc., and binders include cement, gypsum, lime, etc. The main production method is to mix aggregate and binder.

[0051] The raw materials of the non-hydrophilic similar material include vaseline, hydraulic oil, sand and paraffin, and can be prepared by mixing all the raw materials in a specific ratio.

[0052] The sealing material described in the present invention is a water-swelling self-healing waterproof sealing material. The sealing material will rapidly swell and solidify when it comes into contact with water, thereby filling the gap between the woven mesh and the acrylic plate.

[0053] The two-dimensional similar material simulation test bench described in the present invention includes an equipment frame and a test chamber. The equipment frame includes an equipment frame base, equipment frame columns located on both sides of the base, namely the left column and the right column, and a top beam. The equipment frame base is fixedly connected to the left column and the right column by bolts; the top beam is fixedly connected to the left column and the right column by bolts.

[0054] The test chamber is a rectangular parallelepiped structure located inside the equipment frame. It includes the bottom beam, left baffle and right baffle.

[0055] Figure 1The figure shows the delamination space 1, non-hydrophilic similar material 2, sealing material 3, flexible woven mesh 4 and acrylic plate 5, wherein the non-hydrophilic similar material 2 is laid on the upper and lower layers of the delamination space 1, and the sealing material 3 is sprayed on the flexible woven mesh 4 on the surface of the model to avoid slurry leakage during grouting.

[0056] like Figure 3 As shown, the present invention is used for the separation layer sealing and grouting method of the two-dimensional similar material simulation test bench, comprising the following steps:

[0057] Step 1: prepare similar materials, namely, prepare conventional similar materials and non-hydrophilic similar materials;

[0058] Step 2: As abscission layers usually occur below thick hard overburden, before the experiment, the stratum characteristics are analyzed based on the simulated geological data, and the location of the abscission layer in the similar material simulation test bench is preliminarily determined based on relevant theories. Based on the actual geological conditions of the mining area, the model scale and stress-to-density similarity ratio are determined, as well as the amount of similar material used and the upper compensation load.

[0059] Step 3: Set up I-beam baffles from the bottom of the model upwards, and use an automatic laying device to lay similar materials in sequence, evenly spread mica powder between the similar material layers, and lay non-hydrophilic similar materials in two layers above and below the expected formation location of the separation layer;

[0060] Step 4: When laying to the expected separation layer position, select a plastic tube with a diameter of 1 cm and a length equal to the expected total height of the model minus the thickness of the rock layer below the separation layer according to the designed total height of the model. The bottom is placed at the separation layer position, and the top must eventually be exposed from the model as a subsequent grouting hole. Conventional similar materials are laid in other rock layers.

[0061] Step 5: Remove the I-steel baffles, determine the location of coal seam mining in the test bench, and carry out multiple mining of the coal seam in stages according to the design requirements;

[0062] Step 6: After mining is completed or during mining, a flexible woven mesh is laid on the surface of the model at the separation position. The woven mesh can achieve small deformation in the horizontal and vertical directions to prevent the deformation of the overburden during the experiment. A layer of non-hydrophilic sealing material is sprayed on the outside of the flexible woven mesh. The material has slight elasticity and can achieve synchronous deformation with the woven mesh.

[0063] Step 7: Install a transparent acrylic plate on the outside of the model to form a closed delamination space to be filled on the model;

[0064] Step 8: Grouting is carried out from the preset grouting pipe into the abscission space to study the grouting effect of the abscission space.

[0065] Combine Figures 4 to 6As shown, the automatic paving device 16 comprises an integrated hopper 11, a sliding mechanism, a cylinder 8, a leveling and compacting mechanism 9, and a control console. The integrated hopper is used to hold the simulated material, the sliding mechanism ensures the automatic paving device slides, the cylinder controls the discharge speed of the integrated hopper, and the leveling and compacting mechanism ensures the smoothness of the simulated material during paving.

[0066] The integrated hopper used to hold similar simulation materials has an overall funnel shape, that is, it is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, which makes it convenient to control the discharge speed of the discharge port. Specifically, the integrated hopper includes a hopper body, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the hopper body decreases from top to bottom. A feed port is provided at the top of the hopper body, that is, its top is open-shaped, and similar materials can enter the hopper body from any position of its top. A discharge port 10 is provided at the bottom of the hopper body, and the shape of the discharge port is circular or square.

[0067] like Figure 5 As shown, the sliding mechanism includes a first sliding wheel 6, a second sliding wheel 7 and a hollow right-angle reducer 13 for driving and controlling the first sliding wheel and the second sliding wheel to slide, wherein the first sliding wheel and the second sliding wheel are provided in two groups, each group includes a first sliding wheel and a second sliding wheel, and the structure of the first sliding wheel and the second sliding wheel can be realized by referring to the existing technology, and will not be described in detail here.

[0068] The hopper body is provided with a first connecting plate and a second connecting plate on the side of the hopper body, and the main function of the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate is to install the first sliding wheel, the second sliding wheel and the support frame, and the first sliding wheel and the second sliding wheel are installed on the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate. The specific installation method is to fix the connection by bolts, fix the first sliding wheel to the first connecting plate by bolts, and fix the second sliding wheel to the first connecting plate by bolts. The installation heights of the first sliding wheel and the second sliding wheel are the same. In order to ensure that they can move horizontally, the installation heights of the two are the same, and the installation heights of the first sliding wheel and the second sliding wheel located on the second connecting plate are also the same. The direction of the wheels of the first sliding wheel and the second sliding wheel is their sliding direction, and the direction of the wheels is parallel to the side direction of the hopper body, and the hollow right-angle reducer is installed on the outer sides of the first sliding wheel and the second sliding wheel located on one side of the first connecting plate, for controlling and realizing the rotation of the two first sliding wheels and the two second sliding wheels.

[0069] The hollow right-angle reducer is connected to the first sliding wheel and the second sliding wheel through a hinge shaft to control the rotation of the sliding wheels.

[0070] The support frame includes four support rods 14 arranged in a frame shape, one end of each support rod is connected to the second connecting plate, and the other end is connected to a square frame. The cylinder is installed on the square frame, and the protruding end of the cylinder passes through the support frame and advances below the discharge port.

[0071] One end of the cylinder is connected to an air pump station 15, and the other end is connected to a hinged plate, which is connected to a baffle 12. The cylinder is supported by a support frame. The shape and size of the baffle are adapted to the shape and size of the discharge port. Preferably, both are round or square. The air pump station provides power to control the cylinder and make it pass through the support frame to advance or push out toward the discharge port. The discharge speed of the discharge port is controlled by controlling the advancement and push-out of the cylinder toward the discharge port.

[0072] The leveling and compacting mechanism includes a leveling and compacting plate and a mounting structure, wherein the leveling and compacting plate includes a first plate and a second plate, wherein the first plate is mounted behind the discharge port through the mounting structure, and the first plate is mounted in a direction perpendicular to the sliding directions of the first sliding wheel and the second sliding wheel, and the second plate is connected to the bottom of the first plate and is perpendicular to the first plate. When similar materials are discharged from the discharge port, they are leveled and compacted by the second plate; a plurality of circular holes are vertically provided on the first plate, and the mounting structure includes fixing screws matching the circular holes, and the height of the leveling and compacting plate can be adjusted by adjusting the mounting position of the circular holes;

[0073] The above-mentioned leveling and compacting plate and mounting mechanism work together to allow the plate to be installed at an appropriate height based on the requirements for laying similar simulated materials. The specific height adjustment is achieved through multiple vertically arranged circular holes on Plate 1. By installing the mounting mechanism on circular holes at different heights, the leveling and compacting plate's height can be adjusted. When laying similar materials from bottom to top, the leveling and compacting plate's height can be adjusted to ensure that Plate 2 is compacted just above the similar simulated material.

[0074] Preferably, a pressure sensor is provided at the bottom of the second plate, and the pressure sensor is connected to the main control console via a data line. The pressure sensor transmits data to the main control console, which facilitates the main control console to adjust the discharge speed of the discharge port and ensure the flatness of the experimental material.

[0075] The stirring device, automatic feeding device and installation device used in conjunction with this automatic paving device control the paving of the automatic paving device, control the stirring time of the stirring device, and further control the feeding speed of the automatic feeding device through the main control system.

[0076] The above-mentioned automatic loading device preferably includes a conveyor and a loading hose. The conveyor is located below the discharge port of the stirring device. The similar simulation material discharged from the discharge port of the stirring device enters the conveyor and is transported to the loading hose through the conveyor belt of the conveyor. That is: by connecting one end of the loading hose to the discharge end of the conveyor, the similar simulation material can be transported into the loading hose, and the other end of the loading hose is located above the integrated hopper.

[0077] When the integrated hopper is moved during laying, in order to facilitate the feeding hose to move with the integrated hopper, the feeding hose located near the integrated hopper is fixed by a fixing piece.

[0078] Specifically, the fixing part includes a slender steel bar with holes, which is installed on the right column of the equipment frame. Several clips are fixed on the slender steel bar, and a fixing rod is erected toward the test chamber through each clip. A hollow iron plate is installed on the other end of the fixing rod, and the iron plate is fixed to the end of the fixing rod by bolts. A feeding hose located near the integrated hopper passes through the iron plate and is fixed to the fixing rod. The discharge end of the feeding hose is placed directly above the integrated hopper. When the integrated hopper slides, the feeding hose moves with the integrated hopper under the action of the fixing part. This design can achieve simultaneous feeding and laying, avoiding the accumulation of similar simulated materials.

[0079] Preferably, in order to realize the full automation of the automatic laying system, the automatic laying device, the stirring device and the automatic loading device are all connected to the main control system, and the main control system controls the laying of the automatic laying device, the stirring time of the stirring device, and the loading speed of the automatic loading device.

[0080] like Figure 7 As shown, in order to facilitate the quick and convenient installation of the automatic laying device, the present invention has a targeted design of the installation device, which specifically includes an I-beam. The structure of the I-beam is the same as that of the prior art, including a web and flange plates on both sides. The I-beam is installed on the front and rear sides of the test chamber, and the first sliding wheel and the second sliding wheel are respectively installed at the flange positions of the I-beam. When similar simulation materials need to be laid in the test chamber, the automatic laying device is placed on the I-beam where a layer of similar material is to be laid through the electric hoist on the top of the equipment frame, and is installed together with the I-beam.

[0081] The mixing device, automatic loading device, installation device and automatic laying device are combined with a high degree of automation. After setting up the laying equipment, the sand, gravel and other materials that have been calculated and weighed are poured into the automatic mixing device to ensure the complete laying of similar materials. The entire laying process of the test bench is controlled by a computer, which effectively ensures the accuracy of the experiment, improves the precision of the experiment, reduces the labor intensity of the experimenters, and greatly improves the efficiency of the experiment.

[0082] Parts not described in the present invention can be implemented by referring to the existing technology.

[0083] Although terms such as absorptive space 1, non-hydrophilic similar material 2, and sealing material 3 are frequently used herein, the possibility of using other terms is not excluded. These terms are used merely to more conveniently describe and explain the essence of the present invention; interpreting them as any additional limitations is contrary to the spirit of the present invention.

[0084] It should be noted that any equivalent manner or obvious variation made by those skilled in the art under the guidance of this specification should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A separation layer sealing and grouting method for a two-dimensional similar material simulation test bench, characterized in that: The following steps are included in sequence: a. Prepare conventional similar materials and non-hydrophilic similar materials respectively; b. Calculate and analyze the expected separation position in the two-dimensional similar material simulation test bench based on relevant theories; c. Starting from the bottom of the model, the conventional similar material is automatically laid using an automatic laying device, and mica powder is evenly spread between the rock layers of the conventional similar material, and non-hydrophilic similar material is laid near the expected separation position; The automatic paving device comprises an integrated hopper, a sliding mechanism, a cylinder, a leveling and compacting mechanism and a main control console; The integrated hopper comprises a hopper body, the cross-sectional area of ​​which decreases from top to bottom, the top of the hopper body is provided with a feed inlet, and the bottom of the hopper body is provided with a discharge outlet; The sliding mechanism comprises a first sliding wheel, a second sliding wheel and a hollow right-angle reducer for driving and controlling the first sliding wheel and the second sliding wheel to slide; The side of the hopper body is provided with a first connecting plate and a second connecting plate, on which the first sliding wheel and the second sliding wheel are installed, and the installation heights of the two first sliding wheels and the two second sliding wheels are the same, and the hollow right-angle reducer is installed on the outside of the first sliding wheel and the second sliding wheel located on one side of the first connecting plate, and is used to control and realize the rotation of the two first sliding wheels and the two second sliding wheels; A support frame perpendicular to the second connecting plate is also installed on the second connecting plate; One end of the cylinder is connected to an air pump station, and the other end is connected to a hinged plate, and the hinged plate is connected to a baffle, and the cylinder is supported by the support frame, and the shape and size of the baffle are adapted to the shape and size of the discharge port. The air pump station provides power to control the cylinder and make it pass through the support frame to advance or push out in the direction of the discharge port, and the discharge speed of the discharge port is controlled by controlling the advancement and push out of the cylinder in the direction of the discharge port; The flattening and compacting mechanism comprises a flattening and compacting plate and a mounting structure, wherein the flattening and compacting plate comprises a plate 1 and a plate 2, wherein the plate 1 is mounted behind the discharge port through the mounting structure, and the plate 1 is mounted in a direction perpendicular to the sliding directions of the first sliding wheel and the second sliding wheel, and the plate 2 is connected to the bottom of the plate 1 and is perpendicular to the plate 1, and when similar materials are discharged from the discharge port, they are flattened and compacted by the plate 2; a plurality of circular holes are vertically arranged on the plate 1, and the mounting structure comprises fixing screws matching the circular holes, and the height of the flattening and compacting plate can be adjusted by adjusting the mounting position of the circular holes; A pressure sensor is also provided at the bottom of the second board, and the pressure sensor is connected to the main control console via a data line; The automatic laying device is installed above the layer of similar material to be laid by means of a mounting device; d. When laying to the expected separation position, arrange the grouting pipeline; e. Determine the coal seam mining location in a two-dimensional similar material simulation test bench and carry out one or more mining of the coal seam; f. After mining is completed, a flexible woven mesh is laid on the surface of the model at the separation layer position, and a layer of non-hydrophilic sealing material is sprayed on the outside of the flexible woven mesh. The non-hydrophilic sealing material and the flexible woven mesh are deformed synchronously, and a transparent acrylic plate is installed on the outside of the model to form a closed separation layer to be filled space; g. Grouting is carried out into the abscission layer through the grouting pipe to study the effect of grouting in the abscission layer space on reducing settlement; In step a, the raw material components of the non-hydrophilic similar material include vaseline, silicone oil, sand and gypsum; In step c, conventional similar materials are laid by laying I-beams from the bottom of the model upward, and non-hydrophilic similar materials are laid in the upper and lower layers at the expected separation position.

2. The separation layer sealing and grouting method for a two-dimensional similar material simulation test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step f, the spraying range of the sealing material is larger than the laying range of the flexible woven mesh.

3. The separation layer sealing and grouting method for a two-dimensional similar material simulation test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: The installation device comprises an I-beam, which is installed on the front and rear sides of a test chamber of a two-dimensional similar material simulation test bench, and the first sliding wheel and the second sliding wheel are respectively installed on the flange positions of the I-beam.

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