Hydraulic press for isothermal continuous die-forming of metal sheets and forming method thereof

Abstract

The present invention provides a hydraulic press for isothermal continuous compression molding of metal plates and a forming method thereof, which includes a frame, a hydraulic system, a heating furnace, a rotating mechanism, a positioning mechanism and a deformation die. The hydraulic system and the heating furnace are respectively connected to the first mounting end and the second mounting end of the frame, the hydraulic system is located at the upper and lower parts of the heating furnace, the positioning mechanism is located inside the heating furnace, the rotating mechanism is located on one side outside the heating furnace, and the deformation die and the hydraulic cylinder of the hydraulic system are fixedly connected. The present invention can realize the automatic connection of the limited compression molding deformation process, save time and labor, and is conducive to improving production efficiency; ensure a constant temperature environment, eliminate unnecessary periodic temperature rise, reduce unnecessary heat loss in the production process, and reduce production costs; carry out under atmosphere protection to prevent some easily oxidized metal plates from oxidizing during the deformation process, and can meet the needs of isothermal conventional limited compression molding deformation and 90° cross-limited compression molding deformation process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of sheet forming equipment, and in particular to a hydraulic press for isothermal continuous die pressing deformation of easily oxidizable metal sheets in a vacuum or atmosphere protection environment and a forming method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, fine-grained, ultrafine-grained or nanocrystalline materials have received great attention in the field of material preparation due to their excellent mechanical properties. As an emerging severe plastic deformation (SPD) technology suitable for the preparation of fine-grained / ultrafine-grained plates, restricted die deformation uses a bending die and a flattening die with constrained edges to alternately press the plates, which can significantly achieve grain refinement. Different from existing plate SPD technologies such as bending straightening and cumulative rolling, restricted die deformation has the advantages of small dimensional change before and after deformation, and easy mold manufacturing and operation. The emergence of restricted die deformation technology provides a new idea for strengthening metal plates, especially metal plates whose mechanical properties are difficult to improve through conventional means such as alloying and heat treatment.

[0003] At present, the limitation of mold deformation is mainly completed on general hydraulic presses. The forming accuracy is often difficult to guarantee, and manual intervention is required in the multi-step deformation process, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive. For some difficult-to-deform metals, in order to avoid cracking during the deformation process and ensure the smooth progress of the process, it is usually necessary to equip the sheet with a heating device to heat the sheet. However, the constant temperature environment will inevitably be destroyed during the process connection, and the unnecessary periodic temperature rise will not only affect the test results, but also cause a waste of resources. At the same time, some easily oxidized metals are very easy to oxidize during the heating process, which is not conducive to the smooth development of the process, nor is it conducive to the improvement and use of the performance of the prepared materials.

[0004] Therefore, the development of special equipment for isothermal continuous compression molding of metal sheets that can provide a vacuum or atmosphere protection environment is of great significance for ensuring process accuracy, improving production efficiency, saving energy, expanding the scope of application of the process, and accelerating the actual transformation of the compression molding process. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a hydraulic press for isothermal continuous compression molding of metal sheets and a forming method thereof, wherein the sheet to be deformed is compressed and flattened by a bending die and a flattening die in a deformation die, and the sheet to be deformed is limited and fixed by a sliding limiting frame of a positioning mechanism, thereby improving the quality of the compression molded sheet. The rotary pressure head is adjusted by a gear set of a rotating mechanism to meet the needs of various isothermal restricted compression molding process paths such as conventional restricted compression molding process and 90° cross restricted compression molding process, thereby improving production efficiency and ensuring process reliability.

[0006] The present invention provides a hydraulic press for isothermal continuous die-pressing deformation of metal plates, which includes a frame, a hydraulic system, a heating furnace, a rotating mechanism, a positioning mechanism and a deformation die. The heating furnace includes a fixed furnace body, a movable furnace body, a rack, a guide flange, an upper transmission shaft, a lower transmission shaft, a third motor and a trapezoidal guide rail. The mounting ends of the fixed furnace body, the trapezoidal guide rail and the third motor are respectively fixedly connected to the second mounting end, the third mounting end and the fourth mounting end of the workbench. The output end of the third motor is meshed with the driven gear at the first end of the lower transmission shaft through a driving gear, the driven gear at the first end of the lower transmission shaft is meshed with the driven gear at the first end of the upper transmission shaft, and the driven gear at the second end of the upper transmission shaft is meshed with the rack. The fixed end of the rack and the sliding end of the trapezoidal guide rail are respectively connected to the first mounting end and the second mounting end of the movable furnace body, and the first mounting end of the fixed furnace body is in contact with the third mounting end of the movable furnace body. The rotating mechanism includes a guide column, a rotating block, a rotating pressure head, a fixed pressure head, a fixed sleeve, a driven large gear, a rotating flange, a vertical transmission shaft and a first motor. The second end of the upper master hydraulic cylinder is connected to the first end of the upper rotating block through the guide column, the second end of the upper rotating block is connected to the upper rotating pressure head, the second end of the lower master hydraulic cylinder is connected to the first end of the lower rotating block through the guide column, the second end of the lower rotating block is connected to the lower rotating pressure head, the third ends of the upper rotating block and the lower rotating block are respectively connected to the fixed sleeve, and the rotating The mounting end of the swivel flange and the fixed end of the vertical transmission shaft are respectively connected to the second mounting end and the third mounting end of the fixed furnace body, the rotating end of the swivel flange is connected to the driven large gear, the output end of the first motor is connected to the first end of the vertical transmission shaft through a bevel gear set, the second end of the vertical transmission shaft is meshed with the driven large gear through a driving large gear, the second end of the upper auxiliary hydraulic cylinder is connected to the first end of the upper fixed pressure head through a gasket, and the second end of the lower auxiliary hydraulic cylinder is connected to the first end of the lower fixed pressure head through a gasket. The positioning mechanism includes a dovetail groove, a lead screw, a sliding limiting frame, a second motor, a motor bracket and a small rotating shaft. The dovetail groove and the lead screw are respectively connected to the fourth mounting end and the fifth mounting end of the movable furnace body, the mounting end of the second motor is fixedly connected to the sixth mounting end of the movable furnace body through the motor bracket, the first end and the second end of the sliding limiting frame are respectively connected to the dovetail groove and the lead screw, the small bevel gear at the output end of the second motor is meshed with the large bevel gear at the first end of the small rotating shaft, and the large bevel gear at the second end of the small rotating shaft is meshed with the small bevel gear at the input end of the lead screw.

[0007] Preferably, the frame includes an upper crossbeam, a lower crossbeam, a column, a workbench and a load-bearing platform; the first end of the column is fixedly connected to the first mounting end of the upper crossbeam; the second end of the column passes through the workbench and the lower crossbeam in sequence and is fixedly connected to the first mounting ends of the workbench and the lower crossbeam respectively; the fifth mounting end of the workbench is fixedly connected to the first mounting end of the load-bearing platform.

[0008] Preferably, the hydraulic system comprises an upper master hydraulic cylinder, an upper auxiliary hydraulic cylinder, a lower master hydraulic cylinder and a lower auxiliary hydraulic cylinder, the first ends of the upper master hydraulic cylinder and the upper auxiliary hydraulic cylinder are respectively fixedly connected to the second mounting end and the third mounting end of the upper cross beam, and the first ends of the lower master hydraulic cylinder and the lower auxiliary hydraulic cylinder are respectively fixedly connected to the second mounting end and the third mounting end of the lower cross beam.

[0009] Preferably, the deforming mold includes a bending mold and a flattening mold, the bending mold includes an upper bending mold and a lower bending mold, the upper bending mold and the lower bending mold are respectively connected to the third ends of the upper rotary pressure head and the lower rotary pressure head; the flattening mold includes an upper flattening mold and a lower flattening mold, the upper flattening mold and the lower flattening mold are respectively connected to the second ends of the upper fixed pressure head and the lower fixed pressure head.

[0010] Preferably, a circular through hole and a square through hole are respectively provided at positions corresponding to the upper rotary pressure head and the upper fixed pressure head on the fixed furnace body, and the center lines of the circular through hole and the square through hole are symmetrically distributed; a circular through hole and a square through hole are respectively provided at positions corresponding to the lower rotary pressure head and the lower fixed pressure head on the movable furnace body, and a guide flange is provided inside the square through hole.

[0011] Preferably, the axes of the upper transmission shaft and the lower transmission shaft are parallel to each other and to the horizontal plane of the workbench; the lead screw is symmetrically distributed on both sides of the dovetail groove, the axis of the lead screw is parallel to the dovetail groove, and the small rotating axis is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the output end of the second motor.

[0012] Preferably, a spline groove is provided at the position where the driven large gear is connected to the rotary pressure head, the outer shape of the rotary pressure head is a stepped structure, a spline is provided at the first end of the rotary pressure head outer shape, the spline and the spline groove are cooperatively connected, and the second end of the rotary pressure head outer shape is a circular cross-section, which is connected to a circular through hole.

[0013] Preferably, the axes of the upper rotary ram, the bending upper die, the bending lower die and the lower rotary ram are on the same straight line; the axes of the upper fixed ram, the flattening upper die, the flattening lower die and the lower fixed ram are on the same straight line.

[0014] Another aspect of the present invention provides a forming method for a metal sheet by a hydraulic press for isothermal continuous die-forming, and the specific implementation steps are as follows:

[0015] S1. Place the sheet to be deformed into the heating furnace and perform pre-forming operations:

[0016] S11, start the third motor, so that the movable furnace body slides outward along the trapezoidal guide rail under the meshing transmission of the gear and the rack, and then stop the third motor after the heating furnace is turned on;

[0017] S12, placing the plate to be deformed into the sliding limit frame, starting the third motor, and making the movable furnace body slide inward along the trapezoidal guide rail under the meshing transmission of the gear and the rack, until the heating furnace is closed and the third motor is stopped;

[0018] S13, start the second motor, move the sliding limit frame to the bending deformation station through the lead screw and then stop;

[0019] S14, start the upper auxiliary hydraulic cylinder and the lower auxiliary hydraulic cylinder to make the upper fixed pressure head and the lower fixed pressure head enter the interior of the heating furnace respectively; start the upper main hydraulic cylinder and the lower main hydraulic cylinder to make the upper rotary pressure head and the lower rotary pressure head enter the interior of the heating furnace respectively, and raise the temperature in the heating furnace to a specified deformation temperature;

[0020] S2. Perform initial bending and initial flattening on the deformed sheet:

[0021] S21, start the lower main hydraulic cylinder to make the lower bending die enter the interior of the sliding limit frame, ensure that the lower bending die is flush with the inner step surface of the sliding limit frame, and start the upper main hydraulic cylinder to make the upper bending die enter the interior of the sliding limit frame;

[0022] S22, adjusting the working pressure of the lower main hydraulic cylinder to a predetermined back pressure, adjusting the pressure of the upper main hydraulic cylinder to a working pressure, and driving the upper bending die to perform initial bending on the sheet to be deformed;

[0023] S23, respectively starting the upper master hydraulic cylinder and the lower master hydraulic cylinder to make the upper bending die and the lower bending die leave the interior of the sliding limit frame respectively, and starting the second motor to move the sliding limit frame to the flattening deformation station through the lead screw and then stop;

[0024] S24, starting the upper auxiliary hydraulic cylinder to make the flattening upper die enter the interior of the sliding limit frame and contact the upper surface of the first bending plate in the sliding limit frame; starting the lower auxiliary hydraulic cylinder to make the flattening lower die enter the interior of the sliding limit frame;

[0025] S25, adjusting the working pressure of the upper auxiliary hydraulic cylinder to a predetermined back pressure, adjusting the pressure of the lower auxiliary hydraulic cylinder to a working pressure, and driving the flattening lower die to perform initial flattening on the initially bent sheet;

[0026] S26, respectively starting the upper auxiliary hydraulic cylinder and the lower auxiliary hydraulic cylinder to make the flattening upper die and the flattening lower die leave the interior of the sliding limit frame;

[0027] S3. Perform secondary bending and secondary flattening on the deformed sheet:

[0028] S31, start the second motor, move the sliding limit frame to the bending deformation station through the lead screw and then stop, and at the same time start the first motor, synchronously drive the upper rotary pressure head and the lower rotary pressure head to rotate 180 degrees through the driven large gear and then stop;

[0029] S32, start the lower main hydraulic cylinder to make the bending lower die enter the interior of the sliding limit frame, ensure that the bending lower die is flush with the inner step surface of the sliding limit frame, and start the upper main hydraulic cylinder to make the bending upper die enter the interior of the sliding limit frame;

[0030] S33, adjusting the working pressure of the lower master hydraulic cylinder to a predetermined back pressure, adjusting the pressure of the upper master hydraulic cylinder to a working pressure, and driving the bending upper die to perform secondary bending on the deformed sheet;

[0031] S34, respectively starting the upper master hydraulic cylinder and the lower master hydraulic cylinder to make the upper bending die and the lower bending die leave the interior of the sliding limit frame respectively, and starting the second motor to move the sliding limit frame to the flattening deformation station through the lead screw and then stop;

[0032] S35, start the upper auxiliary hydraulic cylinder to make the flattening upper die enter the interior of the sliding limit frame and contact the upper surface of the secondary bent sheet in the sliding limit frame; start the lower auxiliary hydraulic cylinder to make the flattening lower die enter the interior of the sliding limit frame;

[0033] S36, adjusting the working pressure of the upper auxiliary hydraulic cylinder to a predetermined back pressure, adjusting the pressure of the lower auxiliary hydraulic cylinder to a working pressure, and driving the flattening lower die to perform secondary flattening on the secondary bent sheet;

[0034] S4, repeating steps S2 and S3, performing multiple passes of conventional isothermal restricted molding deformation, and when the forming process is completed, turning off the heating device, and taking out the deformed sheet through the third motor.

[0035] Preferably, the isothermal 90° cross-molding deformation process is achieved by synchronously rotating the upper rotary ram and the lower rotary ram by 90°.

[0036] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0037] 1. It can realize continuous and automatic restricted molding deformation, which can meet the needs of various isothermal restricted molding deformation process paths such as conventional restricted molding deformation process and 90° cross restricted molding deformation process. The process is automatically connected, which saves time and labor, is conducive to improving production efficiency and ensuring process reliability.

[0038] 2. Equipped with a special heating furnace, it can provide a constant temperature environment, which is conducive to the isothermal plastic deformation and performance improvement of difficult-to-deform metal sheets.

[0039] 3. It can not only eliminate the influence of unnecessary periodic temperature rise on deformation results, but also reduce unnecessary heat loss in the production process and reduce production costs.

[0040] 4. It can provide an isothermal deformation environment for metal sheets in a vacuum or protective atmosphere, which can effectively prevent the oxidation of easily oxidizable metal sheets during the deformation process and ensure the quality of the sheets with limited molded deformation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 It is a front cross-sectional view of the hydraulic press for isothermal continuous die-pressing deformation of metal plates of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 2 A top cross-sectional view of a hydraulic press for isothermal continuous die-forming of a metal sheet according to the present invention;

[0043] Figure 3 It is a left side cross-sectional view of the hydraulic press for isothermal continuous die-forming of metal plates of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 4 It is a partial cross-sectional view of the hydraulic press for isothermal continuous die-forming of metal plates according to the present invention, taken along the line A;

[0045] Figure 5 It is a partial cross-sectional view of the hydraulic press for isothermal continuous die-forming of metal plates in the direction of B of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 6 The present invention is a flow chart of the method for isothermal continuous die deformation of metal sheets using a hydraulic press.

[0047] Main reference numerals:

[0048] Lower main hydraulic cylinder 1, lower cross beam 2, lower rotary pressure head 3, movable furnace body 4, bending lower die 5, first motor 6, vertical transmission shaft 7, bending upper die 8, fixed furnace body 9, upper rotary pressure head 10, upper main hydraulic cylinder 11, upper cross beam 12, column 13, upper auxiliary hydraulic cylinder 14, nut 15, cushion block 16, upper fixed pressure head 17, guide flange 18, flattening upper die 19, flattening lower die 20, lower fixed pressure head 21, screw 22, second motor 23, rack 24, upper transmission shaft 25, lower transmission shaft 26, third motor 27, workbench 28, bearing platform 29, lower auxiliary hydraulic cylinder 30, motor bracket 31, small rotary shaft 32, lower rotary block 33, driven large gear 34, rotary flange 35, trapezoidal guide rail 36, dovetail groove 37, sliding limit frame 38, upper rotary block 39, guide column 40, fixed sleeve 41. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] In order to fully describe the technical content, structural features, objectives and effects of the present invention, the following will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0050] Hydraulic press for isothermal continuous die forming of metal sheets, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it includes a frame, a hydraulic system, a heating furnace, a rotating mechanism, a positioning mechanism and a deformation mold, etc.

[0051] Rack, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes an upper crossbeam 12, a lower crossbeam 2, a column 13, a workbench 28, a bearing platform 29 and a nut 15. The bearing platform 29 ensures the stability of the workbench 28; the column 13 is arranged along the periphery of the crossbeam, and the first end of the column 13 is fixedly connected to the first mounting end of the upper crossbeam 12 through the nut 15. The second end of the column 13 passes through the workbench 28 and the lower crossbeam 2 in sequence and is fixedly connected to the first mounting ends of the workbench 28 and the lower crossbeam 2 through the nut 15 to form a fastened frame structure. The fifth mounting end of the workbench 28 is fixedly connected to the first mounting end of the bearing platform 29 to ensure stability.

[0052] The hydraulic system includes an upper master hydraulic cylinder 11, an upper auxiliary hydraulic cylinder 14, a lower master hydraulic cylinder 1 and a lower auxiliary hydraulic cylinder 30. The cylinder bodies of the upper master hydraulic cylinder 11 and the upper auxiliary hydraulic cylinder 14 are symmetrically distributed on the upper cross beam 12, and the cylinder bodies of the lower master hydraulic cylinder 1 and the lower auxiliary hydraulic cylinder 30 are symmetrically distributed on the lower cross beam 2. The first ends of the upper master hydraulic cylinder 11 and the upper auxiliary hydraulic cylinder 14 are respectively fixedly connected to the second mounting end and the third mounting end of the upper cross beam 12, and the first ends of the lower master hydraulic cylinder 1 and the lower auxiliary hydraulic cylinder 30 are respectively fixedly connected to the second mounting end and the third mounting end of the lower cross beam 2; the upper master hydraulic cylinder 11 is coaxially matched with the lower master hydraulic cylinder 1, and the upper auxiliary hydraulic cylinder 14 is coaxially matched with the lower auxiliary hydraulic cylinder 30.

[0053] The deformation mold includes a bending mold and a flattening mold. The bending mold includes a bending upper mold 8 and a bending lower mold 5. The bending upper mold 8 and the bending lower mold 5 are connected to the third ends of the upper rotary pressure head 10 and the lower rotary pressure head 3 respectively through screws; the flattening mold includes a flattening upper mold 19 and a flattening lower mold 20. The flattening upper mold 19 and the flattening lower mold 20 are connected to the second ends of the upper fixed pressure head 17 and the lower fixed pressure head 21 respectively through screws. The deformation mold cooperates with the sliding limiting frame 38 to form a mold cavity required for limiting the molding deformation process. At the same time, in order to meet the actual needs of limiting the molding deformation process, the bending upper mold 8 and the bending lower mold 5 are respectively designed with transition grooves that cooperate with each other.

[0054] Heating furnace, such as Figure 1 and Figure 3As shown, it includes a fixed furnace body 9, a movable furnace body 4, a rack 24, a guide flange 18, an upper transmission shaft 25, a lower transmission shaft 26, a third motor 27 and a trapezoidal guide rail 36. The mounting ends of the fixed furnace body 9, the trapezoidal guide rail 36 and the third motor 27 are respectively fixedly connected to the second mounting end, the third mounting end and the fourth mounting end of the workbench 28. The output end of the third motor 27 is meshed with the driven gear at the first end of the lower transmission shaft 26 through a driving gear. The driven gear at the first end of the lower transmission shaft 26 is meshed with the driven gear at the first end of the upper transmission shaft 25. The driven gear at the second end of the upper transmission shaft 25 is meshed with the rack 24. The fixed end of the rack 24 and the sliding end of the trapezoidal guide rail 36 are respectively connected to the first mounting end and the second mounting end of the movable furnace body 4. The first mounting end of the fixed furnace body 9 is in contact with the third mounting end of the movable furnace body 4. The contact surface between the fixed furnace body 9 and the movable furnace body 4 and the matching surfaces between each pressure head and the furnace body are all sealed by a sealing device.

[0055] The rack 24 is symmetrically distributed at the first mounting end of the movable furnace body 4. The third motor 27 drives the active gear to mesh with the rack 24, so that the movable furnace body 4 slides on the trapezoidal guide rail 36 of the workbench 28, thereby controlling the opening and closing of the movable furnace body 4 to realize the loading of the plate and the removal of the deformed parts.

[0056] Specifically, a circular through hole and a square through hole are respectively provided on the fixed furnace body 9 at positions corresponding to the upper rotary pressure head 10 and the upper fixed pressure head 17, and the center lines of the circular through hole and the square through hole are symmetrically distributed, which are respectively used for the upper rotary pressure head 10 and the upper fixed pressure head 17 to enter the interior of the heating furnace; a circular through hole and a square through hole are respectively provided on the movable furnace body 4 at positions corresponding to the lower rotary pressure head 3 and the lower fixed pressure head 21, which are respectively used for the lower rotary pressure head 3 and the lower fixed pressure head 21 to enter the interior of the heating furnace, and a guide flange 18 is provided inside the square through hole, which ensures the guiding accuracy.

[0057] The heating furnace is provided with a heating and insulation unit, which can effectively prevent heat loss and radiate heating to the material in the furnace; the heating furnace is provided with a temperature measurement and temperature control system, and a temperature measuring thermocouple and a temperature control device are provided on the fixed furnace body 9. The temperature is measured in real time by the temperature measuring thermocouple, and the temperature control device can adjust the working state of the heating device according to the difference between the set target temperature and the actual temperature; the heating furnace is provided with a vacuum and atmosphere protection system, and the vacuum pump connected to the outlet valve can evacuate the closed heating furnace cavity into a vacuum environment, and the inert gas storage device connected to the inlet valve can introduce inert protective gas into the heating furnace cavity, and the vacuum or atmosphere protection environment can be selected according to the actual isothermal deformation environment requirements of the plate; an observation window is also provided on the side wall of the heating furnace for viewing the status of the bending station and the flattening station in the heating furnace cavity.

[0058] Positioning mechanism, such as Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 5As shown, it includes a dovetail groove 37, a lead screw 22, a sliding limit frame 38, a second motor 23, a motor bracket 31 and a small rotating shaft 32. The dovetail groove 37 and the lead screw 22 are respectively connected to the fourth mounting end and the fifth mounting end of the movable furnace body 4. The lead screw 22 is provided with a rolling bearing at the fifth mounting end of the movable furnace body 4 to ensure the accuracy of its rotating motion. The mounting end of the second motor 23 is fixedly connected to the sixth mounting end of the movable furnace body 4 through the motor bracket 31. The first end and the second end of the sliding limit frame 38 are respectively connected to the dovetail groove 37 and the lead screw 22. The small bevel gear at the output end of the second motor 23 is meshed with the large bevel gear at the first end of the small rotating shaft 32, and the large bevel gear at the second end of the small rotating shaft 32 is meshed with the small bevel gear at the input end of the lead screw 22. The small rotating shaft 32 is supported by a rotating shaft support. The small bevel gear on the second motor 23 synchronously drives the large bevel gear meshed with it to rotate, thereby driving the lead screw 22 to rotate synchronously, and finally realizing the directional movement of the sliding limit frame 38 on the dovetail groove 37. When the second motor 23 stops rotating, the sliding limit frame 38 and the lead screw 22 cannot generate relative motion, thereby achieving an effective fixed connection. The sliding limit frame 38 is provided with a stepped square through hole, the upper end of which cooperates with the bending upper die 8 (or the flattening upper die 19), and the lower end cooperates with the bending lower die 5 (or the flattening lower die 20), which can effectively realize the positioning of the plate in the limiting molding process.

[0059] Furthermore, in order to ensure the smooth opening of the movable furnace body 4 relative to the fixed furnace body 9 and the accuracy of the positioning mechanism, the axes of the upper transmission shaft 25 and the lower transmission shaft 26 need to be parallel to each other and parallel to the horizontal plane of the workbench; the lead screw 22 is symmetrically distributed on both sides of the dovetail groove 37, the axis of the lead screw 22 is parallel to the dovetail groove 37, and the small rotating shaft 32 is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the output end of the second motor 23.

[0060] Rotating mechanism, such as Figure 1 and Figure 4As shown, it includes a guide column 40, an upper rotary block 39, a lower rotary block 33, an upper rotary pressure head 10, a lower rotary pressure head 3, an upper fixed pressure head 17, a lower fixed pressure head 21, a cushion block 16, a fixed sleeve 41, a driven large gear 34, a rotary flange 35, a vertical transmission shaft 7 and a first motor 6. The second end of the upper master hydraulic cylinder 11 is connected to the first end of the upper rotary block 39 through the guide column 40, and the upper rotary block 39 is rotatably matched with the guide column 40 through two pairs of bearings and a lubricating sleeve. The second end of the upper rotary block 39 is connected to the upper rotary pressure head 10 through a bolt. The second end of the pressure cylinder 1 is connected to the first end of the lower rotating block 33 through the guide column 40, and the lower rotating block 33 is rotatably matched with the guide column 40 through two pairs of bearings and a lubricating sleeve. The second end of the lower rotating block 33 is connected to the lower rotating pressure head 3 through a bolt. In order to ensure the stability of the movement of the upper rotating block 39 and the lower rotating block 33, the third ends of the upper rotating block 39 and the lower rotating block 33 are respectively connected to the fixed sleeve 41. The upper rotating block 39 realizes rotational cooperation with the fixed sleeve 41 through a pair of bearings, and the lower rotating block 33 realizes rotational cooperation with the fixed sleeve 41 through two pairs of bearings.

[0061] The mounting end of the slewing flange 35 and the fixed end of the vertical transmission shaft 7 are connected to the second mounting end and the third mounting end of the fixed furnace body 9 respectively. The rotating end of the slewing flange 35 is connected to the driven large gear 34 through a bearing. The output end of the first motor 6 is connected to the first end of the vertical transmission shaft 7 through a bevel gear set. The second end of the vertical transmission shaft 7 is meshed with the driven large gear 34 through a driving large gear. The driven bevel gear is driven by the driving bevel gear at the output end of the first motor 6. The driving gear is meshed with the corresponding driven large gear 34 for transmission. The second end of the upper auxiliary hydraulic cylinder 14 is connected to the first end of the upper fixed pressure head 17 through a cushion block 16, and the second end of the lower auxiliary hydraulic cylinder 30 is connected to the first end of the lower fixed pressure head 21 through a cushion block 16. Specifically, the cross-sections of the upper fixed pressure head 17 and the lower fixed pressure head 21 are square.

[0062] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, a spline groove is provided at the position where the driven large gear 34 is connected to the rotary pressure head. The outer shape of the rotary pressure head is a stepped structure. A spline is provided at the first end of the outer shape of the rotary pressure head. The spline and the spline groove are matched and connected to achieve a rotating and sliding connection. The second end of the outer shape of the rotary pressure head is a circular cross-section, which is connected to a circular through hole and can enter the interior of the heating furnace through an opening provided in the heating furnace.

[0063] Specifically, the axes of the upper rotary ram 10, the bending upper die 8, the bending lower die 5 and the lower rotary ram 3 are on the same straight line; the axes of the upper fixed ram 17, the flattening upper die 19, the flattening lower die 20 and the lower fixed ram 21 are on the same straight line.

[0064] The guide flange 18, the swivel flange 35, the guide column 40 and the cushion block 16 are all provided with cooling water channels, through which circulating water is introduced for cooling.

[0065] The following is a further description of a hydraulic press for isothermal continuous die-forming of a metal sheet and a forming method thereof in conjunction with an embodiment of the present invention:

[0066] The forming method of the metal sheet by the hydraulic press for isothermal continuous die pressing of the present invention is as follows: Figure 6 As shown, the specific implementation steps are as follows:

[0067] S1. Place the sheet to be deformed into the heating furnace and perform pre-forming operations:

[0068] S11, start the third motor 27, so that the movable furnace body 4 slides outward along the trapezoidal guide rail 36 under the meshing transmission of the gear and the rack, and then stop the third motor 27 after the heating furnace is opened.

[0069] S12, placing the plate to be deformed into the sliding limiting frame 38, starting the third motor 27, and making the movable furnace body 4 slide inward along the trapezoidal guide rail 36 under the meshing transmission of the gear and the rack, until the heating furnace is closed and the third motor 27 is stopped.

[0070] S13, start the second motor 23, move the sliding limit frame 38 to the bending deformation station through the lead screw 22 and then stop.

[0071] S14, start the upper auxiliary hydraulic cylinder 14 and the lower auxiliary hydraulic cylinder 30, so that the upper fixed pressure head 17 and the lower fixed pressure head 21 enter the interior of the heating furnace respectively; start the upper main hydraulic cylinder 11 and the lower main hydraulic cylinder 1, so that the upper rotary pressure head 10 and the lower rotary pressure head 3 enter the interior of the heating furnace respectively, and make the heating furnace in a vacuum environment or fill it with protective gas, turn on the corresponding cooling device, and then turn on the heating device to raise the temperature to the specified deformation temperature.

[0072] S2. Perform initial bending and initial flattening on the deformed sheet:

[0073] S21, start the lower master hydraulic cylinder 1 to make the lower bending die 5 enter the interior of the sliding limit frame 38, ensure that the lower bending die 5 and the internal stepped surface of the sliding limit frame 38 are flush, start the upper master hydraulic cylinder 11, and make the upper bending die 8 enter the interior of the sliding limit frame 38.

[0074] S22, adjusting the working pressure of the lower master hydraulic cylinder 1 to a predetermined back pressure, adjusting the pressure of the upper master hydraulic cylinder 11 to a working pressure, and driving the upper bending die 8 to perform initial bending on the sheet to be deformed.

[0075] S23, start the upper master hydraulic cylinder 11 and the lower master hydraulic cylinder 1 respectively, so that the upper bending die 8 and the lower bending die 5 leave the interior of the sliding limit frame 38 respectively, and stop after the bending die is no longer in contact with the sliding limit frame 38. At this time, start the second motor 23, and move the sliding limit frame 38 to the flattening deformation station through the screw 22 and then stop.

[0076] S24, start the upper auxiliary hydraulic cylinder 14 to allow the flattening upper die 19 to enter the interior of the sliding limiting frame 38 and contact the upper surface of the plate that is initially bent in the sliding limiting frame 38; start the lower auxiliary hydraulic cylinder 30 to allow the flattening lower die 20 to enter the interior of the sliding limiting frame 38.

[0077] S25, adjusting the working pressure of the upper auxiliary hydraulic cylinder 14 to a predetermined back pressure, adjusting the pressure of the lower auxiliary hydraulic cylinder 30 to a working pressure, and driving the flattening lower die 20 to perform initial flattening on the initially bent sheet.

[0078] S26, respectively start the upper auxiliary hydraulic cylinder 14 and the lower auxiliary hydraulic cylinder 30, so that the flattening upper mold 19 and the flattening lower mold 20 respectively leave the interior of the sliding limit frame 38, and stop when the flattening mold is no longer in contact with the sliding limit frame 38.

[0079] S3. Perform secondary bending and secondary flattening on the deformed sheet:

[0080] S31, start the second motor 23, move the sliding limit frame 38 to the bending deformation station through the screw 22 and then stop. In order to improve the processing efficiency, start the first motor 6 at the same time, and synchronously drive the upper rotary pressure head 10 and the lower rotary pressure head 3 to rotate 180° and then stop through the driven large gear 34.

[0081] Specifically, synchronously rotating the upper rotary ram 10 and the lower rotary ram 3 by 90° can meet the needs of the cross-molding deformation process.

[0082] S32, start the lower master hydraulic cylinder 1 to make the lower bending die 5 enter the interior of the sliding limit frame 38, ensure that the inner step surfaces of the lower bending die 5 and the sliding limit frame 38 are flush, start the upper master hydraulic cylinder 11, and make the upper bending die 8 enter the interior of the sliding limit frame 38.

[0083] S33, adjusting the working pressure of the lower master hydraulic cylinder 1 to a predetermined back pressure, adjusting the pressure of the upper master hydraulic cylinder 11 to a working pressure, and driving the upper bending die 8 to perform secondary bending on the sheet to be deformed.

[0084] S34, respectively start the upper master hydraulic cylinder 11 and the lower master hydraulic cylinder 1, so that the upper bending die 8 and the lower bending die 5 respectively leave the interior of the sliding limit frame 38, and stop after the bending die is no longer in contact with the sliding limit frame 38; and start the second motor 23, and move the sliding limit frame 38 to the flattening deformation station through the screw 22 and then stop.

[0085] S35, start the upper auxiliary hydraulic cylinder 14 to make the flattening upper die 19 enter the interior of the sliding limiting frame 38 and contact the upper surface of the secondary bent sheet in the sliding limiting frame 38; start the lower auxiliary hydraulic cylinder 30 to make the flattening lower die 20 enter the interior of the sliding limiting frame 38.

[0086] S36, adjusting the working pressure of the upper auxiliary hydraulic cylinder 14 to a predetermined back pressure, adjusting the pressure of the lower auxiliary hydraulic cylinder 30 to a working pressure, and driving the flattening lower die 20 to perform secondary flattening on the secondary bent sheet.

[0087] S4. Repeat steps S2 and S3 to perform multiple conventional isothermal restricted molding deformations. When the forming process is completed, turn off the heating device. After the deformed sample is cooled to a predetermined temperature, stop introducing the protective gas or the vacuum system. The upper hydraulic cylinder and the lower hydraulic cylinder respectively drive the upper pressure head and the lower pressure head to reset and unload. Start the third motor 27 to move the movable furnace body 4 to the right, and stop the third motor 27 after the heating furnace is turned on. Take out the deformed sheet, start the third motor 27 to move the movable furnace body 4 to the left, and stop the third motor 27 after the heating furnace is turned off. After the furnace body temperature cools to room temperature, turn off the cooling device.

[0088] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred implementation modes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydraulic press for isothermal continuous die-forming of metal sheets, comprising a frame, a hydraulic system, a heating furnace, a rotating mechanism, a positioning mechanism and a deformation die, characterized in that: The heating furnace comprises a fixed furnace body, a movable furnace body, a rack, a guide flange, an upper transmission shaft, a lower transmission shaft, a third motor and a trapezoidal guide rail, the mounting ends of the fixed furnace body, the trapezoidal guide rail and the third motor are respectively fixedly connected to the second mounting end, the third mounting end and the fourth mounting end of the workbench, the output end of the third motor is meshed with the driven gear at the first end of the lower transmission shaft through a driving gear, the driven gear at the first end of the lower transmission shaft is meshed with the driven gear at the first end of the upper transmission shaft, the driven gear at the second end of the upper transmission shaft is meshed with the rack, the fixed end of the rack and the sliding end of the trapezoidal guide rail are respectively connected to the first mounting end and the second mounting end of the movable furnace body, and the first mounting end of the fixed furnace body is in contact with the third mounting end of the movable furnace body; The rotating mechanism includes a guide column, a rotating block, a rotating pressure head, a fixed pressure head, a fixed sleeve, a driven large gear, a rotating flange, a vertical transmission shaft and a first motor. The second end of the upper master hydraulic cylinder is connected to the first end of the upper rotating block through the guide column, the second end of the upper rotating block is connected to the upper rotating pressure head, the second end of the lower master hydraulic cylinder is connected to the first end of the lower rotating block through the guide column, the second end of the lower rotating block is connected to the lower rotating pressure head, the third ends of the upper rotating block and the lower rotating block are respectively connected to the fixed sleeve, and the rotating The mounting end of the swivel flange and the fixed end of the vertical transmission shaft are respectively connected to the second mounting end and the third mounting end of the fixed furnace body, the rotating end of the swivel flange is connected to the driven large gear, the output end of the first motor is connected to the first end of the vertical transmission shaft through a bevel gear set, the second end of the vertical transmission shaft is meshed with the driven large gear through a driving large gear, the second end of the upper auxiliary hydraulic cylinder is connected to the first end of the upper fixed pressure head through a cushion block, and the second end of the lower auxiliary hydraulic cylinder is connected to the first end of the lower fixed pressure head through a cushion block; The positioning mechanism comprises a dovetail groove, a lead screw, a sliding limit frame, a second motor, a motor bracket and a small rotating shaft, wherein the dovetail groove and the lead screw are respectively connected to the fourth mounting end and the fifth mounting end of the movable furnace body, the mounting end of the second motor is fixedly connected to the sixth mounting end of the movable furnace body through the motor bracket, the first end and the second end of the sliding limit frame are respectively connected to the dovetail groove and the lead screw, the small bevel gear at the output end of the second motor is meshed with the large bevel gear at the first end of the small rotating shaft, and the large bevel gear at the second end of the small rotating shaft is meshed with the small bevel gear at the input end of the lead screw; It comprises an upper crossbeam, a lower crossbeam, a column, a workbench and a bearing platform, wherein the first end of the column is fixedly connected to the first mounting end of the upper crossbeam, the second end of the column passes through the workbench and the lower crossbeam in sequence, and is respectively fixedly connected to the workbench and the first mounting end of the lower crossbeam; the fifth mounting end of the workbench is fixedly connected to the first mounting end of the bearing platform; The hydraulic system comprises an upper master hydraulic cylinder, an upper auxiliary hydraulic cylinder, a lower master hydraulic cylinder and a lower auxiliary hydraulic cylinder, wherein the first ends of the upper master hydraulic cylinder and the upper auxiliary hydraulic cylinder are respectively fixedly connected to the second mounting end and the third mounting end of the upper cross beam, and the first ends of the lower master hydraulic cylinder and the lower auxiliary hydraulic cylinder are respectively fixedly connected to the second mounting end and the third mounting end of the lower cross beam; The deformation mold includes a bending mold and a flattening mold. The bending mold includes an upper bending mold and a lower bending mold. The upper bending mold and the lower bending mold are respectively connected to the third ends of the upper rotary pressure head and the lower rotary pressure head; the flattening mold includes an upper flattening mold and a lower flattening mold. The upper flattening mold and the lower flattening mold are respectively connected to the second ends of the upper fixed pressure head and the lower fixed pressure head.

2. The hydraulic press for isothermal continuous die-forming of metal sheets according to claim 1, characterized in that: A circular through hole and a square through hole are respectively provided on the fixed furnace body at positions corresponding to the upper rotary pressure head and the upper fixed pressure head, and the center lines of the circular through hole and the square through hole are symmetrically distributed; a circular through hole and a square through hole are respectively provided on the movable furnace body at positions corresponding to the lower rotary pressure head and the lower fixed pressure head, and a guide flange is provided inside the square through hole.

3. The hydraulic press for isothermal continuous die-forming of metal sheets according to claim 1, characterized in that: The axes of the upper transmission shaft and the lower transmission shaft are parallel to each other and to the horizontal plane of the workbench; the lead screw is symmetrically distributed on both sides of the dovetail groove, the axis of the lead screw is parallel to the dovetail groove, and the small rotating axis is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the output end of the second motor.

4. The hydraulic press for isothermal continuous die-forming of metal sheets according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A spline groove is provided at the position where the driven large gear is connected to the rotary pressure head. The outer shape of the rotary pressure head is a stepped structure. A spline is provided at the first end of the rotary pressure head outer shape. The spline and the spline groove are matched and connected. The second end of the rotary pressure head outer shape is a circular cross-section, and the circular cross-section is connected to a circular through hole.

5. The hydraulic press for isothermal continuous die-forming of metal sheets according to claim 1, characterized in that: The axes of the upper rotary ram, the upper bending die, the lower bending die and the lower rotary ram are on the same straight line; the axes of the upper fixed ram, the upper flattening die, the lower flattening die and the lower fixed ram are on the same straight line.

6. A forming method for a metal sheet by a hydraulic press for isothermal continuous die-forming according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: S1. Place the sheet to be deformed into the heating furnace and perform pre-forming operations: S11, start the third motor, so that the movable furnace body slides outward along the trapezoidal guide rail under the meshing transmission of the gear and the rack, and then stop the third motor after the heating furnace is turned on; S12, placing the plate to be deformed into the sliding limit frame, starting the third motor, and making the movable furnace body slide inward along the trapezoidal guide rail under the meshing transmission of the gear and the rack, until the heating furnace is closed and the third motor is stopped; S13, start the second motor, move the sliding limit frame to the bending deformation station through the lead screw and then stop; S14, start the upper auxiliary hydraulic cylinder and the lower auxiliary hydraulic cylinder to make the upper fixed pressure head and the lower fixed pressure head enter the interior of the heating furnace respectively; start the upper main hydraulic cylinder and the lower main hydraulic cylinder to make the upper rotary pressure head and the lower rotary pressure head enter the interior of the heating furnace respectively, and raise the temperature in the heating furnace to a specified deformation temperature; S2. Perform initial bending and initial flattening on the deformed sheet: S21, start the lower main hydraulic cylinder to make the lower bending die enter the interior of the sliding limit frame, ensure that the lower bending die is flush with the inner step surface of the sliding limit frame, and start the upper main hydraulic cylinder to make the upper bending die enter the interior of the sliding limit frame; S22, adjusting the working pressure of the lower main hydraulic cylinder to a predetermined back pressure, adjusting the pressure of the upper main hydraulic cylinder to a working pressure, and driving the upper bending die to perform initial bending on the sheet to be deformed; S23, respectively starting the upper master hydraulic cylinder and the lower master hydraulic cylinder to make the upper bending die and the lower bending die leave the interior of the sliding limit frame respectively, and starting the second motor to move the sliding limit frame to the flattening deformation station through the lead screw and then stop; S24, starting the upper auxiliary hydraulic cylinder to allow the flattening upper die to enter the interior of the sliding limit frame and contact the upper surface of the first bent sheet in the sliding limit frame; Start the lower auxiliary hydraulic cylinder to make the flattened lower die enter the sliding limit frame; S25, adjusting the working pressure of the upper auxiliary hydraulic cylinder to a predetermined back pressure, adjusting the pressure of the lower auxiliary hydraulic cylinder to a working pressure, and driving the flattening lower die to perform initial flattening on the initially bent sheet; S26, respectively starting the upper auxiliary hydraulic cylinder and the lower auxiliary hydraulic cylinder to make the flattening upper die and the flattening lower die leave the interior of the sliding limit frame; S3. Perform secondary bending and secondary flattening on the deformed sheet: S31, start the second motor, move the sliding limit frame to the bending deformation station through the lead screw and then stop, and start the first motor at the same time, synchronously drive the upper rotary pressure head and the lower rotary pressure head to rotate 180 degrees through the driven large gear and then stop; S32, start the lower main hydraulic cylinder to make the bending lower die enter the interior of the sliding limit frame, ensure that the bending lower die is flush with the inner step surface of the sliding limit frame, and start the upper main hydraulic cylinder to make the bending upper die enter the interior of the sliding limit frame; S33, adjusting the working pressure of the lower master hydraulic cylinder to a predetermined back pressure, adjusting the pressure of the upper master hydraulic cylinder to a working pressure, and driving the bending upper die to perform secondary bending on the deformed sheet; S34, respectively starting the upper master hydraulic cylinder and the lower master hydraulic cylinder to make the upper bending die and the lower bending die leave the interior of the sliding limit frame respectively, and starting the second motor to move the sliding limit frame to the flattening deformation station through the lead screw and then stop; S35, starting the upper auxiliary hydraulic cylinder to allow the flattening upper die to enter the interior of the sliding limit frame and contact the upper surface of the secondary bent sheet in the sliding limit frame; Start the lower auxiliary hydraulic cylinder to make the flattened lower die enter the sliding limit frame; S36, adjusting the working pressure of the upper auxiliary hydraulic cylinder to a predetermined back pressure, adjusting the pressure of the lower auxiliary hydraulic cylinder to a working pressure, and driving the flattening lower die to perform secondary flattening on the secondary bent sheet; S4, repeating steps S2 and S3, performing multiple passes of conventional isothermal restricted molding deformation, and when the forming process is completed, turning off the heating device, and taking out the deformed sheet through the third motor.

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