A long spiral intelligent bottom expansion pressure grouting pile construction method

Abstract

The present application relates to a long spiral intelligent bottom expansion and pressure-casting pile construction method, including: the pile driver is in place, the verticality of the drill rod is adjusted by the inclination sensor until it meets the requirements; the relevant construction parameters of this construction are set; the drilling speed of the drill rod is controlled by the drill rod current sensor, and the drilling depth of the drill rod is obtained in real time by the proximity switch sensor; when the drilling depth reaches the required hole depth, the expansion arm of the expansion drill is driven to unfold, and the displacement sensor is used to detect until the expansion arm is unfolded to meet the requirements of the expansion arm diameter of the expansion drill; after the expansion is completed, the bottom expansion hole is pressure-casted with concrete through the pipeline in the center of the drill rod, and the number of concrete pumping times is coordinated with the actual displacement of the upper drill rod to complete the bottom expansion and pressure-casting pile construction. The present application makes the operations such as drill rod verticality correction, bored pile length and depth calculation, drilling and drilling speed, bottom expansion drill opening degree and pressure-casting concrete dosage highly intelligent and controllable, thereby improving construction efficiency.

Description

[0001] Methodology Area

[0002] The present application relates to the field of long spiral pile machine pressure grouting pile construction and long spiral pile machine ground pressure grouting pile construction, and in particular to a long spiral intelligent bottom expansion pressure grouting pile construction method.

[0003] Background Methods

[0004] Underreamed piles are cast-in-place piles with a bottom diameter larger than the upper pile diameter. The bearing capacity of a single underreamed pile is much higher than that of a straight pile with the same pile diameter. The existing long spiral underreamed pile construction process is generally as follows:

[0005] The long screw pile driver is first put into position, so that the drill rod of the pile driver is vertically aligned with the center of the pile position, and then the drill is started, first slowly and then quickly. The operator controls the speed of drilling according to the current feedback from the drill ammeter. After the drill rod reaches the designed depth of the top elevation of the hole, the hydraulic device is manually operated to unfold the hole expansion drill arm of the bottom expansion drill bit, and the position before hole expansion and the position after the required displacement of hole expansion are marked on the drill rod. The hole is expanded downward to the designed elevation of the pile bottom to achieve the expansion of the pile diameter. When expanding the hole, the operator manually adjusts the speed of hole expansion according to the current value feedback from the ammeter. When the pile body is expanded, the expansion of the bottom expansion drill bit is completed. The drilling arm keeps the hole expanding state, and slowly controls the lifting of the drill rod while pouring concrete into the expanded bottom hole through the pipe in the center of the drill rod. During this period, the number of concrete pumping times should be coordinated with the speed of lifting the drill rod to meet the requirements for the amount of concrete in the expanded head. At the same time, the drilling arm mixes the concrete with the original soil of the bearing layer, and the drilling rig is lifted to mix and pour concrete to the position before the hole expansion marked on the drill rod. The concrete pouring is stopped, and the drilling is repeated downward to the designed pile bottom elevation, and then the repeated mixing is continued upward. At the same time, a certain amount of concrete is compensated according to the diameter and elevation of the expanded hole, and the concrete and the original soil are fully mixed again. The hydraulic device is manually operated to retract the drilling arm back into the spiral piece of the drill rod, and then the drill rod is lifted according to the long spiral pouring process to pour the pile body concrete to the ground. After cleaning the soil and concrete slurry on the top of the pile, the vibrator and the steel cage are placed in the guide sleeve using the drilling rig's own hook, and then the steel cage is vibrated and inserted into the steel cage to complete the single pile construction.

[0006] Therefore, in the construction process of the base pile expanded by the long spiral pile driver in the prior art, operations such as correcting the verticality of the drill rod, calculating the length and depth of the bored pile, the speed of drilling and drilling, the opening degree of the base drill bit, and the amount of pressurized concrete are still mainly dependent on manual operation and estimation. The degree of mechanical automation is low, and there is a lack of quality inspection and control in the pile foundation construction process. The manual labor dependence is high, resulting in uneven construction quality, low construction efficiency, high labor costs and other problems. Summary of the invention

[0007] In order to reduce manual reliance, improve overall construction quality and standards, and improve construction efficiency during the construction of long spiral base expansion piles, the present application provides a long spiral intelligent base expansion pressure-casting pile construction method.

[0008] The present application provides a long spiral intelligent bottom expansion pressure grouting pile construction method using the following method scheme:

[0009] A long spiral intelligent bottom-expanding pressure-casting pile construction method, comprising:

[0010] The pile driver is in place, and the verticality of the drill pipe is adjusted through the feedback data of the inclination sensor until the verticality meets the requirements;

[0011] Set the relevant construction parameters of this construction task, including the hole depth, hole expansion depth, hole expansion drill arm diameter, drill rod diameter, bottom expansion and re-mixing times, pump single pumping volume, and reversing wheel speed ratio;

[0012] The drilling of the drill rod is controlled based on the hole depth, the drilling speed of the drill rod is controlled by a drill rod current sensor, and the drilling depth of the drill rod is obtained in real time by a proximity switch sensor;

[0013] When the drilling depth reaches the required hole depth, the expansion arm of the reaming drill is driven to expand, and a displacement sensor is used to detect until the expansion arm is expanded to meet the expansion arm diameter requirement of the reaming drill;

[0014] When the expansion arm is unfolded, the drilling speed of the expansion arm is controlled until the depth of the expanded hole meets the requirement;

[0015] The expansion arm is kept in the expansion state, the drill rod is lifted, the amount of concrete is calculated according to the displacement of the drill rod and the diameter of the drill bit, and concrete is poured into the expanded bottom hole through the pipe in the center of the drill rod, and the number of concrete pumping is coordinated with the actual displacement of the drill rod when it is lifted;

[0016] The concrete is remixed and the expansion arm is retracted after the remixing is completed. The required concrete pouring amount is calculated according to the upward displacement value of the drill rod and the drill bit diameter. The concrete is pressure-grown into the bottom expansion hole through the pipeline in the center of the drill rod. The concrete pumping times are coordinated with the actual displacement of the upwardly lifted drill rod to complete the long spiral intelligent bottom expansion pressure-grouted pile construction.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the pile driver is in place, and the verticality of the drill rod is adjusted by the inclination sensor until the verticality meets the requirements, reducing the error caused by manual adjustment of the verticality of the pile driver, so that the verticality of the drill rod on the pile driver is better; when the drill rod is drilling, the drilling speed of the drill rod is controlled by the proximity switch sensor, and the drilling depth of the drill rod is obtained in real time based on the drilling depth, so that the calculation of the length and depth of the bored pile is more accurate, and the error caused by manual estimation is reduced; the expansion degree of the expansion arm is detected by the displacement sensor, so that the expansion degree of the expansion arm is more controllable, and the control accuracy of the expansion arm is increased; by coordinating the number of concrete pumping and the actual displacement of the drill rod, the deviation of the concrete during the pumping process is reduced. The operations such as the correction of the verticality of the drill rod, the calculation of the length and depth of the bored pile, the speed of drilling and lifting the drill, the opening degree of the bottom expansion drill bit, and the amount of pressurized concrete are all highly intelligent and controllable, so that the construction quality at different construction locations is relatively consistent, the construction efficiency is high, and the dependence on labor is reduced, the construction cost is reduced, the construction quality and standard of the bottom expansion pile are improved, and the construction efficiency is improved.

[0018] Optionally, adjusting the verticality of the drill pipe by using the feedback data of the inclination sensor until the verticality meets the requirement includes:

[0019] The inclination sensor is set as a dual-axis digital inclination sensor based on the drill rod;

[0020] The verticality data of the drill pipe is detected by the dual-axis digital inclination sensor and transmitted to the PLC control system;

[0021] The feedback verticality data is processed by the PLC control system to control the pile driver to adjust the verticality of the drill rod.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the dual-axis digital inclination sensor can detect the inclination changes in two different dimensions, making the detection of the verticality of the drill pipe more sensitive. With the auxiliary control of the PLC system, the verticality control of the drill pipe can be more accurate.

[0023] Optionally, the relevant construction parameters further include current data setting values ​​and tension data setting values, and the control of the drilling speed of the drill rod by the drill rod current sensor includes:

[0024] Obtain current data fed back by the drill pipe current sensor and tension data fed back by the tension sensor installed on the drill pipe steel cable;

[0025] The fed-back current data is compared with the current data setting value, the tension data is compared with the tension data setting value, and the drilling speed of the drill rod is controlled based on the two comparison results.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solution, the drilling power of the drill rod is sensed by the drill rod current sensor, and the tension of the drill rod is sensed by the tension sensor, so that the acceleration of the drill rod can be obtained through the tension, and then the drilling speed of the drill rod can be judged, so that the detection of the drilling power and drilling speed of the drill rod is more intelligent.

[0027] Optionally, the real-time acquisition of the drilling depth of the drill rod by a proximity switch sensor includes:

[0028] A plurality of induction blocks are evenly arranged on the reversing wheel driven by the drill pipe steel cable;

[0029] The number of the sensing blocks is detected by a proximity switch sensor and accumulated;

[0030] The drilling depth is obtained by combining the accumulated number with the reversing wheel speed ratio.

[0031] By adopting the above technical solution, when the steel cable drives the drill rod to move down the drill hole, the switch sensor senses the number of sensing blocks set on the reversing wheel, and the drilling depth is measured in combination with the reversing wheel speed ratio, making the measurement of the drilling depth of the drill rod more intelligent.

[0032] Optionally, when the drilling depth reaches the required hole depth, the expansion arm of the reaming drill is driven to expand, and a displacement sensor is used to detect until the expansion arm is expanded to meet the expansion arm diameter requirement of the reaming drill, including:

[0033] A displacement sensor for detecting the displacement of the expansion arm is installed on the expansion arm oil cylinder of the reaming drill bit;

[0034] The displacement sensor detects and feeds back the displacement of the expansion arm until the displacement meets the requirement.

[0035] By adopting the above technical solution, the displacement of the expansion arm can be detected by the displacement sensor installed in the expansion arm oil cylinder, so as to know the opening degree of the bottom expansion drill bit.

[0036] Optionally, the detecting and feeding back the displacement of the expansion arm based on the displacement sensor until the displacement meets the requirement includes:

[0037] When the drilling depth reaches the required hole depth, the expansion arm of the reaming drill bit is driven to expand;

[0038] When the displacement fed back by the displacement sensor is the same as the required setting value, it indicates that the expansion arm has been expanded to meet the expansion arm diameter requirement of the reaming drill bit.

[0039] By adopting the above technical solution, through setting the value and the displacement fed back by the displacement sensor, the expansion arm can meet the expansion arm diameter requirement of the reaming drill bit after being unfolded, so as to quantify the expansion arm diameter of the reaming drill bit that is invisible underground.

[0040] Optionally, the construction parameters also include the current value fed back by the drill rod current generator and the tension value of the steel cable on the pile driver. When the expansion arm is unfolded, the drilling speed of the expansion arm is controlled until the depth of the expanded hole meets the requirements, including:

[0041] When the expansion arm is unfolded, the current value fed back by the drill rod is obtained, and the tension value of the steel cable on the pile driver is determined according to the current value fed back by the drill rod;

[0042] Controlling the drilling speed of the drill rod based on the current value and the tension value;

[0043] When the actual drilling depth is consistent with the reaming depth, the required depth is reached.

[0044] By adopting the above technical solution, the drilling depth and the hole expansion depth can be detected through the current value fed back by the drill rod and the tension value of the steel cable on the pile driver.

[0045] Optionally, the remixing of the concrete and retracting the expansion arm after the remixing is completed comprises:

[0046] The construction parameters include the number of bottom expansion and re-mixing times, and the number of bottom expansion and re-mixing times for re-mixing the concrete pressure-poured in the expanded hole is set based on actual needs.

[0047] By adopting the above technical solution, when remixing the expanded bottom pile, the number of remixing times can be set specifically to increase the mass of concrete constituting the expanded bottom pile.

[0048] Optionally, the method of calculating the amount of concrete poured into the hole according to the displacement value of the drill rod in the upward direction of the hole and the diameter of the drill bit includes:

[0049] The displacement value of the drill rod is obtained by obtaining the lifting height of the drill rod feedback through the proximity switch sensor;

[0050] The amount of concrete injection required for the current lifting height is obtained based on the displacement value and the diameter of the drill rod.

[0051] By adopting the above technical solution, the amount of concrete to be poured can be calculated based on the displacement value and the diameter of the drill rod.

[0052] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial method effects:

[0053] 1. Use the inclination sensor to adjust the verticality of the drill rod until the verticality meets the requirements, reduce the error caused by manual vertical adjustment of the pile driver, and make the verticality of the drill rod on the pile driver better. The dual-axis digital inclination sensor measures the angle of the drill rod to facilitate automatic adjustment of the verticality of the drill rod;

[0054] 2. The drilling speed of the drill rod is controlled by a proximity switch sensor, and the drilling depth of the drill rod is obtained in real time based on the drilling depth, so that the calculation of the length and depth of the bored pile is more accurate, so as to automatically record the length and depth of the pile and reduce the error caused by manual estimation;

[0055] 3. The expansion degree of the expansion arm is detected by the displacement sensor, making the expansion degree of the expansion arm more controllable and increasing the control accuracy of the expansion arm. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0056] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a long spiral intelligent bottom expansion pressure grouting pile construction method according to one embodiment of the present application;

[0057] Figure 1-1 It is a construction schematic diagram of a long spiral intelligent bottom expansion pressure grouting pile construction method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0058] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of a long spiral intelligent bottom expansion pressure grouting pile construction method according to one embodiment of the present application;

[0059] Figure 2-1 It is a schematic diagram of a dual-axis digital inclination sensor in a long spiral intelligent bottom expansion pressure-casting pile construction method in one embodiment of the present application;

[0060] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of a long spiral intelligent bottom expansion pressure grouting pile construction method according to one embodiment of the present application;

[0061] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of a long spiral intelligent bottom expansion pressure grouting pile construction method according to one embodiment of the present application;

[0062] Figure 4-1 This is a schematic diagram of the positions of a proximity switch sensor and a dual-axis digital sensor on a pile driver in a long spiral intelligent bottom expansion pressure-casting pile construction method according to one embodiment of the present application;

[0063] Figure 4-2 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of a proximity switch sensor in a long spiral intelligent bottom expansion pressure-casting pile construction method in one embodiment of the present application;

[0064] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of a long spiral intelligent bottom expansion pressure grouting pile construction method according to one embodiment of the present application;

[0065] Figure 5-1 This is a structural diagram of a bottom expansion drill bit in a long spiral intelligent bottom expansion pressure-casting pile construction method in one embodiment of the present application;

[0066] Figure 5-2 This is a structural diagram of an expansion arm oil cylinder in a long spiral intelligent bottom expansion pressure grouting pile construction method in one embodiment of the present application;

[0067] Figure 6 This is a flowchart of a long spiral intelligent bottom expansion pressure grouting pile construction method according to one embodiment of the present application;

[0068] Figure 7 This is a flowchart of a long spiral intelligent bottom expansion pressure grouting pile construction method according to one embodiment of the present application;

[0069] Figure 8 This is a flowchart of a long spiral intelligent bottom expansion pressure grouting pile construction method according to one embodiment of the present application;

[0070] Figure numerals: 1, pile driver; 2, drill rod; 3, dual-axis digital inclination sensor; 4, reversing wheel; 41, induction block; 42, proximity switch sensor; 43, steel cable; 5, reaming drill bit; 51, expansion arm; 52, expansion arm cylinder; 53, displacement sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0071] The present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0072] In order to reduce manual reliance, improve overall construction quality and standards, and improve construction efficiency during the construction of long spiral base expansion piles, the present application provides a long spiral intelligent base expansion pressure-casting pile construction method.

[0073] Reference Figure 1 , a long spiral intelligent bottom expansion pressure grouting pile construction method, comprising:

[0074] S110, the pile driver 1 is in place, and the verticality of the drill rod 2 is adjusted according to the feedback data of the inclination sensor until the verticality meets the requirements.

[0075] Among them, putting the pile driver 1 in place is the first step. When the pile driver 1 is in place, the hydraulic support rod of the pile driver 1 has fixed the posture of the pile driver 1 itself. The work of the drilling rig on the pile driver 1 has little effect on the state of the pile driver 1 itself. Through the feedback data of the corresponding inclination sensor, the verticality of the drill rod 2 can be set before the drilling task of the hole until the verticality of the drill rod 2 meets the requirements. The verticality requirement of the drill rod 2 is related to the verticality of the drilled hole, until it affects the requirements of the pile body of the cast-in-place pile after the pile is formed.

[0076] S120, setting relevant construction parameters for this construction task, including hole forming depth, hole expansion depth, hole expansion drill arm diameter, drill rod 2 diameter, bottom expansion and re-mixing times, single pumping volume of the pump, and reversing wheel speed ratio.

[0077] Among them, the expanded bottom pile is a cast-in-place pile with a bottom diameter larger than the diameter of the upper pile body. The bearing capacity of a single expanded bottom pile is greatly improved compared to the bearing capacity of a straight pile with the same pile body diameter. The hole depth is the length occupied by the upper end of the expanded bottom pile below the ground. The hole expansion depth is the depth occupied by the bottom of the expanded bottom pile below the ground. In the present application, the expanded bottom pile drill rod 2 is also provided with a hole expansion drill bit 5. When the hole expansion drill bit 5 is opened, it can start to expand the hole at the lower end of the expanded bottom pile at the lower end of the hole. The number of repeated mixing of the bottom expansion is the number of repeated mixing in the concrete poured at the bottom of the expanded bottom pile. The single pumping volume of the pump is the volume of concrete that the pump can pump in one pumping number. The reversing wheel speed ratio is the ratio between the reversing wheel and the induction block set on the reversing wheel.

[0078] S130 , controlling the drilling of the drill rod 2 based on the hole depth, controlling the drilling speed of the drill rod 2 through the current sensor of the drill rod 2 , and acquiring the drilling depth of the drill rod 2 in real time through the proximity switch sensor 42 .

[0079] Among them, in this embodiment, the drilling of the drill rod 2 belongs to the second step. The current of the drill rod 2 during drilling is sensed by the drill rod 2 current sensor, so that the power of the drill rod 2 is known according to the sensed current, and the drilling speed of the drill rod 2 is understood through the drill rod 2 power, and the drilling depth of the drill rod 2 is obtained in real time through the proximity switch sensor 42, so that the depth of the drill rod 2 can be automatically measured.

[0080] S140, when the drilling depth reaches the required hole depth, the expansion arm 51 of the reaming drill 5 is driven to expand, and the displacement sensor 53 is used to detect until the expansion arm 51 is expanded to meet the expansion arm diameter requirement of the reaming drill.

[0081] Among them, when the drilling depth reaches the depth requirement, it belongs to the third step. In this step, the depth of the hole meets the requirement, and the drilling of the hole expansion is started. The hole expansion drill bit 5 is also provided with an expansion arm 51. By expanding the expansion arm 51, the diameter of the hole expansion drill bit 5 is expanded. The number of expansion arms 51 is set according to actual needs. The degree of expansion of the expansion arm 51, that is, the requirement for the diameter of the expansion arm of the hole expansion drill bit, also needs to be set according to the requirements of the bottom of the expanded bottom pile in actual construction. In order to accurately know the size of the bottom of the bottom expansion drill bit, in this embodiment, the degree of expansion of the expansion arm 51 is detected in real time by a displacement sensor 53, and the expansion of the bottom expansion is controlled according to the detection result.

[0082] S150, after the expansion arm 51 is unfolded, the drilling speed of the expansion arm 51 is controlled until the depth of the expanded hole meets the requirement.

[0083] Among them, the drilling of the hole expansion belongs to the fourth step. When the expansion arm 51 is unfolded, the expansion arm 51 is used to expand the lower end of the hole, and the corresponding depth is expanded according to the construction requirements. The construction requirements are related to the soil quality and the calculation of the bearing capacity requirements, which will not be elaborated here.

[0084] S160, keep the expansion arm 51 in the expansion state, lift the drill rod 2, calculate the amount of concrete based on the displacement of the drill rod 2 and the drill bit diameter, and pressurize the expanded bottom hole with concrete through the pipe in the center of the drill rod 2. The number of concrete pumping times is coordinated with the actual displacement of the lifted drill rod 2.

[0085] Among them, after the bottom of the expanded pile is expanded, concrete needs to be poured from the bottom. This step belongs to step 5. Therefore, a pipeline for transmitting concrete is set at the center of the drill rod 2. One end of the pipeline is connected to the expanded hole, and the other end of the pipeline is connected to the concrete pump, so that concrete can be pumped to the expanded hole through the pipeline. In a concrete pumping process, the volume of concrete is limited, that is, the single pumping amount of concrete is limited. Therefore, in order to make the concrete pumping effect better, the number of concrete pumping times and the actual displacement of the lifting drill rod 2 need to be coordinated, that is, the volume of concrete pumped each time is the same as the volume raised by the drill rod 2, so that the volume of the pumped concrete and the pumping speed are guaranteed, and the pumped concrete will not submerge the drill rod 2, reduce the error of concrete pumping, and avoid concrete waste as much as possible.

[0086] S170, remix the concrete and retract the expansion arm 51 after the remixing is completed, calculate the required concrete injection volume according to the upward displacement value of the drill rod 2 and the drill bit diameter, pressure-fill the bottom expansion hole with concrete through the pipe in the center of the drill rod 2, coordinate the number of concrete pumping times and the actual displacement of the upward-lifting drill rod 2, and complete the long spiral intelligent bottom expansion pressure-filled pile construction.

[0087] Among them, after the concrete is pumped, in order to fully mix the concrete with the soil drilled out during the process of expanding the bottom pile, the concrete needs to be re-mixed, which belongs to step 6 in this embodiment. After re-mixing, the expansion arm 51 is retracted to reduce the diameter of the bottom expansion drill bit so that the drill rod 2 can be lifted smoothly, so as to facilitate the pouring of concrete into the hole at the upper end of the expanded bottom pile. Since the diameter of the hole is different from the diameter of the expanded hole, it is necessary to re-coordinate the number of concrete pumping times and the actual displacement of the drill rod 2. In this embodiment, the coordination principle is the same as the coordination principle of the concrete for the expanded hole. The construction parameters include the number of bottom expansion re-mixing times. The number of bottom expansion re-mixing times for re-mixing the concrete poured into the expanded hole is set based on actual needs. In this embodiment, it is usually re-mixed twice. In other embodiments, other re-mixing times can also be set according to specific construction needs.

[0088] And corresponding to the figure of this embodiment, in this embodiment, after the re-mixing is completed, the PLC control system automatically controls the expansion drill arm to be recovered into the spiral blade of the drill rod 2 (corresponding to step 7), and then the drill rod 2 is lifted according to the depth of the expansion and the hole until the drill rod 2 is completely lifted to the ground (corresponding to step 8), the surface of the hole is cleaned, the steel cage is hoisted and vibrated into the poured concrete (corresponding to step 9), and the single pile construction is completed (corresponding to step 10).

[0089] The implementation principle of the long spiral intelligent bottom expansion and grouting pile construction method in the embodiment of the present application is as follows: the pile driver 1 is in place, and the verticality of the drill rod 2 is adjusted by the inclination sensor until the verticality meets the requirements, thereby reducing the error caused by manual adjustment of the verticality of the pile driver 1, and making the verticality of the drill rod 2 on the pile driver 1 better; when the drill rod 2 is drilling, the drilling speed of the drill rod 2 is controlled by the proximity switch sensor 42, and the drilling depth of the drill rod 2 is obtained in real time based on the drilling depth, so that the calculation of the length and depth of the bored pile is more accurate, and the error caused by manual estimation is reduced; the expansion degree of the expansion arm 51 is detected by the displacement sensor 53, so that the expansion degree of the expansion arm 51 is more controllable, and the control accuracy of the expansion arm 51 is increased; by coordinating the number of concrete pumping times and the actual displacement of the drill rod 2, the deviation of the concrete during the pumping process is reduced. The operations such as the verticality correction of drill rod 2, the calculation of the length and depth of bored piles, the speed of drilling and lifting the drill, the opening degree of the bottom expansion drill bit and the amount of pressurized concrete are all highly intelligent and controllable, so that the construction quality at different construction locations is relatively consistent, the construction efficiency is high, the dependence on manual labor is reduced, the construction cost is reduced, the construction quality and standards of the bottom expansion piles are improved, and the construction efficiency is improved.

[0090] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 2-1 , adjust the verticality of drill pipe 2 through the feedback data of the inclination sensor until the verticality meets the requirements, including:

[0091] S210 , setting the inclination sensor as a dual-axis digital inclination sensor 3 based on the drill pipe 2 .

[0092] Among them, since the drill rod 2 is installed on the pile driver 1, the inclination angle of the drill rod 2 is not only in the plane, but also may be inclined in the three-dimensional direction along with the pile driver 1. Therefore, the inclination of the drill rod 2 in the three-dimensional direction is measured by the dual-axis digital inclination sensor 3, that is, the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction of the drill rod 2 can be measured respectively, so that the verticality of the drill rod 2 is higher. In this embodiment, the accuracy range of the dual-axis digital inclination sensor 3 can reach 0.02°, which meets the verticality requirement of the drill rod 2.

[0093] S220, detecting the verticality data of the drill pipe 2 through the dual-axis digital inclination sensor 3 and transmitting the data to the PLC control system.

[0094] Among them, in this embodiment, the verticality data of the dual-axis digital inclination sensor is the feedback data. The traditional inclination sensor can only sense the inclination change on one plane, while the dual-axis digital inclination sensor 3 can sense the angle changes in the X-axis and Y-axis directions respectively, so as to detect the verticality of the drill rod 2 before drilling. Therefore, the dual-axis digital inclination sensor 3 is installed horizontally, so that the X-axis and Y-axis of the dual-axis digital inclination sensor 3 are installed perpendicular to the drill rod 2. When the angle of the drill rod 2 changes, the dual-axis digital inclination sensor 3 can describe the angle value of the drill rod 2 at the angles of the X-axis and the Y-axis respectively.

[0095] S230 , processing the fed-back verticality data through the PLC control system to control the pile driver 1 to adjust the verticality of the drill rod 2 .

[0096] In this embodiment, the signal generated by the dual-axis digital inclination sensor 3 is analyzed to generate feedback information, and the hydraulic support column of the pile driver 1 is adjusted in real time according to the feedback information to adjust the verticality error of the drill rod 2 to less than one percent to meet the construction requirements.

[0097] Reference Figure 3 The relevant construction parameters also include current data setting values ​​and tension data setting values. The drilling speed of the drill rod 2 is controlled by the current sensor of the drill rod 2, including:

[0098] S310, obtaining current data fed back by the current sensor of the drill pipe 2 and tension data fed back by the tension sensor installed on the steel cable 43 of the drill pipe 2.

[0099] Among them, the drill rod 2 current sensor feeds back the running power of the drill rod 2 motor. When the voltage is constant, the change of the current is used to further monitor the change of the power of the drill rod 2 motor. The power of the drill rod 2 motor when it is in the state of reaming, the power after the reaming is completed, and the power when mixing concrete are all different. When the drill rod 2 is reaming or after the reaming is completed, the tension data of the steel cable 43 on the drill rod 2 are different. When the drill rod 2 is reaming, the drill bit of the drill rod 2 will also bear the support force of the earth on the drill rod 2. Therefore, when the tension detected by the tension sensor on the steel cable 43 changes, it can be considered that the drill rod 2 is in contact with the soil and reaming is performed after the contact. After the reaming is completed, the tension of the drill rod 2 on the steel cable 43 of the drill rod 2 is the overall gravity of the drill rod 2 and the suspension. Therefore, the activity state of the drill rod 2 can be obtained through the current data fed back by the current sensor and the tension data fed back by the tension sensor.

[0100] S320, comparing the fed-back current data with the current data setting value, comparing the tension data with the tension data setting value, and controlling the drilling speed of the drill rod 2 based on the two comparison results.

[0101] Among them, the current setting value needs to be set according to the soil quality and construction requirements. For example, when the soil is soft or the water content is high, the power of the motor driving the drill rod 2 to expand the hole is small, and when the soil is relatively hard, the power of the motor driving the drill rod 2 to expand the hole is large, so it is set according to the soil measured in advance. And the setting value of the tension data is also related to factors such as soil quality. When the soil is relatively soft, the resistance and support force of the drill rod 2 are small, and the tension data setting value also changes accordingly. Therefore, according to the actual soil changes, the corresponding current data setting value and the corresponding tension data setting value are set respectively, and the feedback current data and the current data setting value are compared, so that the speed of the drill rod 2 drilling down on the corresponding soil can be controlled according to the comparison results, so as to make different adjustments for different soils.

[0102] Reference Figure 4 , obtaining the drilling depth of the drill rod 2 in real time through the proximity switch sensor 42, including:

[0103] S410, a plurality of induction blocks 41 are evenly arranged on the reversing wheel 4 driven by the steel cable 43 of the drill rod 2.

[0104] Among them, in this embodiment, the wheel surface of the reversing wheel 4 is wound with a steel cable 43 for suspending the drill rod 2. When the drill rod 2 moves up and down, the wheel surface of the reversing wheel 4 rotates the same length as the steel cable 43 under the action of friction. In order to measure the rotation length of the reversing wheel 4, by changing the idea, a plurality of induction blocks 41 are equidistantly welded on one side of the reversing wheel 4, and the number of rotations of the reversing wheel 4 is measured by the number of induction blocks 41 detected per unit time, so as to measure the moving length of the steel cable 43 and then measure the moving height of the drill rod 2. It makes it more convenient to measure the moving height of the drill rod 2. In this embodiment, the induction block 41 is a round block protruding from one side of the reversing wheel 4, and the error range is the distance range between the two induction blocks 41. In other embodiments, the shape and number of the induction blocks 41 can also be adjusted according to the accuracy requirements, for example, the induction block 41 is set in an arc shape, or the number of the induction blocks 41 is increased to reduce the error caused by the measurement of the drilling depth.

[0105] S420, detecting the number of the sensing blocks 41 through the proximity switch sensor 42 and accumulating the number.

[0106] When the reversing wheel 4 rotates, the induction block 41 rotates synchronously with the reversing wheel 4, and the proximity switch counts the induction blocks 41 to determine the number of induction blocks 41 passing through the proximity switch sensor 42. In other embodiments, the induction blocks 41 may be set as replaceable permanent magnets, and the number of induction blocks 41 may be detected by a Hall sensor, or when the reversing wheel 4 has different models and there are no other obstacles, the number of induction blocks 41 may be measured by a laser sensor.

[0107] S430, obtaining the drilling depth by combining the accumulated number with the speed ratio of the reversing wheel 4.

[0108] Among them, since the sensing block 41 is arranged around the side end of the reversing wheel 4, there are different radii between the circle where the sensing block 41 is located and the circle where the reversing wheel 4 is located. The number of rotations of the circle where the sensing block 41 is located is obtained by accumulating the number of sensing blocks 41. In order to suspend the drill rod 2, a plurality of pulleys serving as the reversing wheels 4 are arranged on the pile driver 1. There is a speed ratio between different pulleys. The actual drilling depth of the drill rod 2 can be obtained by combining the accumulated number with the speed ratios between different reversing wheels 4.

[0109] Reference Figure 5 As shown in the figure, when the drilling depth reaches the required hole depth, the expansion arm 51 of the reaming drill 5 is driven to expand, and the displacement sensor 53 is used to detect until the expansion arm 51 is expanded to meet the expansion arm diameter requirement of the reaming drill, including:

[0110] S510 , a displacement sensor 53 for detecting the displacement of the expansion arm 51 is installed on the expansion arm oil cylinder 52 of the reaming drill 5 .

[0111] Among them, the arm expansion cylinder 52 is connected to the drill bit at the end of the drill bit spiral blade through an ear plate, and a sensor base is provided at one end of the cylinder sleeve of the arm expansion cylinder 52 close to the ear plate, and a displacement sensor 53 is provided at one end of the sensor base close to the piston. The displacement of the piston is sensed by the displacement sensor 53, and then the displacement of the arm expansion 51 is sensed and detected.

[0112] S520 , detecting and feeding back the displacement of the expansion arm 51 based on the displacement sensor 53 until the displacement meets the requirement.

[0113] Among them, the expansion arm 51 has different displacements in different stages of the drilling process of the drill rod 2. For example, in the hole forming stage, the displacement of the expansion arm 51 plus the displacement of the drill rod 2 is the diameter of the hole formed. In the hole expanding stage, the expansion arm 51 needs to be extended according to the diameter requirement of the hole expanding under the drive of the expansion arm cylinder 52 until the displacement meets the current construction requirements.

[0114] Reference Figure 6 , based on the displacement sensor 53 detecting and feeding back the displacement of the expansion arm 51 until the displacement meets the requirement, including:

[0115] S610, when the drilling depth reaches the required hole depth, the expansion arm 51 of the reaming drill bit 5 is driven to expand.

[0116] S620: When the displacement fed back by the displacement sensor 53 is the same as the required setting value, it indicates that the expansion arm 51 has been expanded to meet the expansion arm diameter requirement of the reaming drill.

[0117] Among them, the movement of the arm expansion cylinder 52 is controlled by the PLC control system. When the displacement feedback by the displacement sensor 53 is the same as the required setting value, it means that the arm expansion 51 has been unfolded to meet the diameter requirement of the drilling drill arm 51. At this time, the PLC control system fixes the length of the arm expansion cylinder 52 to enable the drill rod 2 to perform corresponding drilling operations.

[0118] Reference Figure 7 The construction parameters also include the current value fed back by the current generator of the drill rod 2 and the tension value of the steel cable 43 on the pile driver 1. When the expansion arm 51 is unfolded, the drilling speed of the expansion arm 51 is controlled until the depth of the expanded hole meets the requirements, including:

[0119] S710 , when the expansion arm 51 is unfolded, the current value fed back by the drill rod 2 is obtained, and the tension value of the steel cable 43 on the pile driver 1 is determined based on the current value fed back by the drill rod 2 .

[0120] S720: Control the drilling speed of the drill rod 2 based on the current value and the tension value.

[0121] S730: When the actual drilling depth is consistent with the reaming depth, the required depth is reached.

[0122] Among them, the current generator is used as an instrument for current raising and load testing of low voltage, high current interferers, current transformers or other electrical equipment. In this embodiment, the current of the drill rod 2 during the working process can be obtained through the current generator. The current value of the drill rod 2 is the current value required to drive the drill rod 2 to rotate. In the previous embodiment, when the ground resistance is large, the current of the drill rod 2 increases to increase the power of the drill rod 2. In this embodiment, during the drilling stage of expanding the hole, the expansion arm 51 on the drill head of the drill rod 2 is unfolded, so that the drilling range is increased, and the drilling power of the drill rod 2 will also increase. During the expansion stage, the tension value of the steel cable 43 will also change. The change in the tension value of the steel cable 43 can be used to know the stage of the expansion, that is, when the depth reaches the requirement, the drill rod 2 stops expanding, and the lowest point of the ground will exert a supporting force on the drill rod 2. At this time, the tension of the steel cable 43 becomes smaller, indicating that it has reached the bottom.

[0123] Reference Figure 8 , the amount of concrete poured into the hole is calculated based on the displacement value of the drill rod 2 in the hole-forming direction and the drill bit diameter, including:

[0124] S810 , obtaining the displacement value of the drill rod 2 by obtaining the lifting height fed back by the drill rod 2 through the proximity switch sensor 42 .

[0125] S820: Calculate the amount of concrete injection required for the current lifting height based on the displacement value and the diameter of the drill rod 2.

[0126] Among them, the displacement of the drill rod is measured by the proximity switch sensor 42. In this embodiment, concrete is pumped into the hole and the expansion hole by a concrete pump. Since the concrete required in the construction process is placed on the hopper of the concrete pump, the volume of concrete pumped each time is fixed. When the concrete is pumped each time, the height occupied by the pumped concrete in the hole or expansion hole is different due to the different diameters of the hole and the expansion hole. For example, the concrete loaded in the hopper at one time is set as a unit. When the space occupied by one unit of concrete in the expansion hole is 10 cm, the height of the space occupied in the expansion hole can be 5 cm.

[0127] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A long spiral intelligent bottom expansion pressure grouting pile construction method, characterized in that: include: The pile driver (1) is in place, and the verticality of the drill rod (2) is adjusted according to the feedback data of the inclination sensor until the verticality meets the requirements; Set the relevant construction parameters of this construction task, including the hole depth, hole expansion depth, hole expansion drill arm diameter, drill rod diameter, bottom expansion and re-mixing times, pump single pumping volume, and reversing wheel speed ratio; Controlling the drilling of the drill rod (2) based on the hole depth, controlling the drilling speed of the drill rod (2) by detecting with a drill rod current sensor, and acquiring the drilling depth of the drill rod (2) in real time by a proximity switch sensor (42); When the drilling depth reaches the required hole depth, the expansion arm (51) of the reaming drill bit (5) is driven to expand, and a displacement sensor (53) is used to detect until the expansion arm (51) is expanded to meet the expansion arm diameter requirement of the reaming drill bit; After the expansion arm (51) is unfolded, the drilling speed of the expansion arm (51) is controlled until the depth of the expanded hole meets the requirement; The expansion arm (51) is kept in the expansion state, the drill rod (2) is lifted, the amount of concrete is calculated according to the displacement of the drill rod (2) and the diameter of the drill bit, and concrete is pressure-filled into the expanded bottom hole through the pipe at the center of the drill rod (2), the number of times the concrete is pumped is coordinated with the actual displacement of the drill rod (2) when it is lifted; The concrete is remixed and the expansion arm (51) is retracted after the remixing is completed. The required concrete injection amount is calculated based on the upward displacement value of the drill rod (2) and the drill bit diameter. The bottom expansion hole is pressure-filled with concrete through a pipe in the center of the drill rod (2). The number of concrete pumping times and the actual displacement of the raised drill rod (2) are coordinated to complete the long spiral intelligent bottom expansion pressure-filled pile construction. The relevant construction parameters also include current data setting values ​​and tension data setting values. The drilling speed of the drill rod (2) is controlled by detecting the current sensor of the drill rod (2), including: Acquiring current data fed back by a drill pipe current sensor and tension data fed back by a tension sensor installed on a steel cable (43) of the drill pipe (2), comparing the fed back current data with a current data setting value, comparing the tension data with a tension data setting value, and controlling the drilling speed of the drill pipe (2) based on the two comparison results; when the drilling depth reaches the required hole depth, driving the expansion arm (51) of the reaming drill bit (5) to expand, and detecting through a displacement sensor (53) until the expansion arm (51) is expanded to meet the expansion arm diameter requirement of the reaming drill bit, comprising: A displacement sensor (53) for detecting the displacement of the expansion arm (51) is installed on the expansion arm oil cylinder (52) of the reaming drill bit (5); Based on the displacement sensor (53), the displacement amount of the expansion arm (51) is detected and fed back until the displacement amount meets the requirement; based on the displacement sensor (53), the displacement amount of the expansion arm (51) is detected and fed back until the displacement amount meets the requirement, comprising: When the drilling depth reaches the required hole-forming depth, driving the expansion arm (51) of the reaming drill bit (5) to expand; When the displacement feedback from the displacement sensor (53) is the same as the required setting value, it indicates that the expansion arm (51) has been expanded to meet the requirements of the expansion arm (51) diameter of the expansion drill bit (5); the construction parameters also include the current value feedback from the current generator of the drill rod (2) and the tension value of the steel cable (43) on the pile driver (1); when the expansion arm (51) is expanded, the drilling speed of the expansion arm (51) is controlled until the depth of the expansion hole meets the requirements, including: When the expansion arm (51) is unfolded, the current value fed back by the drill rod (2) is obtained, and based on the current value fed back by the drill rod (2) and the tension value of the steel cable (43) on the pile driver (1); Controlling the drilling speed of the drill rod (2) based on the current value and the tension value; When the actual depth of drilling is consistent with the depth of the expanded hole, the required depth is reached; the amount of concrete poured into the hole is calculated based on the displacement value of the drill rod (2) in the upward direction of the hole and the diameter of the drill bit, including: Obtaining the displacement value of the drill rod (2) by obtaining the lifting height fed back by the drill rod (2) through a proximity switch sensor (42); The amount of concrete injection required for the current lifting height is obtained based on the displacement value and the diameter of the drill rod (2).

2. The long spiral intelligent bottom expansion pressure grouting pile construction method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The step of adjusting the verticality of the drill pipe (2) by using the feedback data of the inclination sensor until the verticality meets the requirements comprises: The inclination sensor is configured as a dual-axis digital inclination sensor (3) based on the drill rod (2); The verticality data of the drill rod (2) is detected by the dual-axis digital inclination sensor (3) and transmitted to the PLC control system; The fed-back verticality data is processed by the PLC control system to control the pile driver (1) to adjust the verticality of the drill rod (2).

3. The long spiral intelligent bottom expansion pressure grouting pile construction method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The real-time acquisition of the drilling depth of the drill rod (2) by means of a proximity switch sensor (42) comprises: A plurality of induction blocks (41) are evenly arranged on a reversing wheel (4) driven by a steel cable (43) of a drill rod (2); The number of the sensing blocks (41) is detected by a proximity switch sensor (42) and accumulated; The drilling depth is obtained by combining the accumulated number with the reversing wheel speed ratio.

4. The long spiral intelligent bottom expansion pressure grouting pile construction method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The remixing of the concrete and retracting the expansion arm (51) after the remixing is completed comprises: The construction parameters include the number of bottom expansion and re-mixing times, and the number of bottom expansion and re-mixing times for re-mixing the concrete pressure-poured in the expanded hole is set based on actual needs.

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