A quick-change tool and method for milling the shape of an aircraft engine oil nozzle

Abstract

The present invention relates to a quick-change tool and method for milling the shape of an aircraft engine oil nozzle, comprising a zero-point positioning plate, a zero-point positioning joint and an angular zero-point positioning joint are arranged at the bottom, and a plurality of columns are fixed on the upper part; a fixture top plate is fixed on the top of the column; a cylindrical pin is arranged between two columns on the same side, and a plurality of clamping parts for mounting and fixing the oil nozzle are rotatably connected thereon; a limit screw is arranged on the upper part of the balanced end of the clamping part, and the limit screw passes through the fixture top plate and the nut gland and is pressed on the upper part of the balanced end of the clamping part; a clamping device support pin for clamping is arranged between the two branch ends of the clamping part and the mounting plate of the oil nozzle. The quick-change tool also comprises a pneumatic adjustment fixing plate, which is fixed on the workbench of the milling machine, and the zero-point positioning plate cooperates with the pneumatic adjustment fixing plate. The device and method provided by the present invention have realized rapid clamping and rapid change of shape on nozzle parts, and have broad application prospects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of aero-engines, and in particular relates to a quick-change tool and method for milling the shape of an aero-engine lubricating oil nozzle. Background Art

[0002] Most of the nozzle products of aircraft engines have achieved full-process CNC machining, and the physical quality, stability and processing efficiency of the products have been greatly improved. However, the production mode of aircraft engine oil nozzle products is multi-variety and small batch, and each processing process needs to be changed repeatedly, which results in too long production preparation time. The system error caused by the change affects the quality of part delivery. However, the design and manufacturing level of tool equipment is still at the second-generation stage. Due to the improvement of product physical quality requirements, the increase of production tasks and the shortening of delivery cycle, the processing site shows an urgent need for tooling with high repeatability positioning accuracy and fast changeover. At present, the rapid changeover tooling can realize the production of pneumatic quick change tooling through zero-point positioning tooling, but the technical foundation research of rapid changeover tooling is insufficient, and a complete processing system has not been formed. It only solves the positioning of machine tools and fixtures, but does not actually solve the clamping problem of parts and fixtures, resulting in unstable product delivery quality; and the types and quantities of quick change tooling are not perfect, and mass production capacity has not been formed. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a quick-change tool and method for milling the shape of an aircraft engine lubricating oil nozzle. By optimizing the processing flow and studying methods such as batch clamping, quick clamping, and quick changeover, the present invention has carried out fixture scheme design, process route design, processing problem optimization, and engineering application implementation. The application technology of pre-adjusted quick-change tooling has been mastered, the problems of long part replacement time and low processing efficiency have been solved, the continuous operation capability of the equipment has been improved, and the quality defects caused by system changeover errors have been eliminated. The continuous operation of the machine tool has been achieved, the waiting time has been reduced, the processing quality has been improved, and the technical gap in the rapid changeover processing of nozzle products has been filled.

[0004] A quick-change tool for milling the shape of an aircraft engine oil nozzle comprises a zero-point positioning plate, a zero-point positioning joint and an angular zero-point positioning joint for positioning are arranged at the bottom of the zero-point positioning plate; a plurality of columns are vertically fixed to the upper part of the zero-point positioning plate; a fixture top plate is fixed to the top of the column and locked by a nut; a cylindrical pin is arranged between two columns on the same side, and a plurality of clamping members for mounting and fixing the oil nozzle are rotatably connected to the cylindrical pin; the clamping member is Y-shaped, wherein the two branch ends are used for connecting and fixing the oil nozzle, and the other end is a balancing end, the weight of which is less than the two branch ends; the upper part of the balancing end of the clamping member is provided with A limit screw is provided, and the limit screw passes through the top plate of the clamp and the nut gland and is pressed against the upper part of the balanced end of the clamp. The nut gland is fixed to the lower surface of the top plate of the clamp by means of screw III, and a nut is embedded inside the nut gland. The limit screw is threadedly connected with the hexagonal thin nut and is used to adjust the height of the limit screw. The end of the limit screw abuts against the balanced end of the clamp to balance the clamp, thereby fixing the position of the clamp to prevent it from rotating during processing; a clamping device support nail for clamping is provided between the two branch ends of the clamp and the mounting plate of the lubricating oil nozzle, and the support nail is fixed to the branch end of the clamp by means of screw I;

[0005] The quick-change tooling also includes a pneumatic adjustment fixing plate, which is fixed on the milling machine workbench and connected to an external air source. The zero point positioning joint and the angular zero point positioning joint at the bottom of the zero point positioning plate cooperate with the pneumatic adjustment fixing plate.

[0006] The column is fixed on the zero point positioning plate by means of screw IV, and screw IV is a hexagon socket cylindrical head screw.

[0007] The nut is a type 1 hexagonal nut.

[0008] The tooling comprises two cylindrical pins arranged in parallel, each of which is rotatably connected with four clamping pieces, and can clamp eight lubricating oil nozzles at the same time.

[0009] The limit screw is a hexagon socket head screw.

[0010] The nut embedded in the nut gland is a hexagonal thin nut.

[0011] The clamping member is provided with connecting seats on both sides of the two branch ends, and the top of the connecting seat is connected and fixed to the top plate of the fixture through a cylindrical pin I and a screw II.

[0012] Two locating pins are arranged on the top plate of the clamp corresponding to the two branch ends of the clamping piece, forming a typical one-side two-pin positioning method with the top plate of the clamp. The two pins are a cylindrical pin and a diamond pin respectively, which eliminates the over-positioning phenomenon; the upper part of the locating pin has an interference fit with the top plate of the clamp, and the lower part has a clearance fit with the two connecting holes on the mounting plate of the lubricating oil nozzle, and is attached to the top of the supporting nail together with the mounting plate part of the lubricating oil nozzle.

[0013] The method for using the above-mentioned quick-change tool for milling the shape of an aircraft engine oil nozzle specifically comprises the following steps:

[0014] Step 1: Install the pneumatic adjustment fixing plate on the milling machine workbench;

[0015] Step 2: Install the lubricating oil nozzle at the bottom of the fixture top plate, so that the mounting plate part of the lubricating oil nozzle matches the positioning pin at the bottom of the fixture top plate; adjust the limit screw to make it close to and contact the balance end of the clamping piece, so that the branch end of the clamping piece rotates upward and approaches the lower surface of the part mounting plate until it contacts and is clamped;

[0016] Step 3: Install the tooling with the installed parts onto the pneumatic adjustment fixing plate;

[0017] Step 4: Cut off the gas source and run the processing program for CNC processing;

[0018] Step 5: When the next set of parts needs to be replaced for processing, it is only necessary to inflate the pneumatic adjustment fixing plate through the air source to separate the zero point positioning plate from the pneumatic adjustment fixing plate to achieve quick replacement, and then repeat steps 2 to 4. Step 2 can be performed while the machine tool is running.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0020] The present invention realizes the quick-change processing of nozzle milling shape, masters the quick-change method of such parts, reduces the processing waiting time, and solves the problem of insufficient processing capacity of factory CNC milling machines. The replacement time of a single piece of lubricating oil nozzle products is shortened from 2 to 3 minutes to 30 seconds. The proportion of downtime is reduced from 25% to 4%, which improves the processing quality, fills the technical gap in the industry, and has huge potential quality and economic benefits.

[0021] The present invention is suitable for improving the clamping scheme of most machining processes of aircraft engine nozzle parts, greatly improving the continuous operation capability of multi-variety and small-batch parts, fully releasing the production line capacity, and can be extended to the application of multi-batch and small-volume parts inside and outside the industry. At present, the industry has carried out rapid mold change application work, and the device and method provided by the present invention have realized rapid clamping and rapid mold change on nozzle parts, with broad application prospects, and can be used universally regardless of military or civilian family parts. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 A front view of a quick-change fixture for clamping a lubricating oil nozzle provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 A top view of a quick-change fixture for clamping a lubricating oil nozzle provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 for Figure 2 AA view;

[0025] Figure 4 for Figure 3 BB direction view;

[0026] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a pneumatically adjustable fixing plate provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A top view of

[0028] in,

[0029] 1-zero point positioning plate, 2-fixture top plate, 3-connecting seat, 4-column, 5-nut cover, 6-pressing piece, 61-branch end, 62-balancing end, 7-diamond pin, 8-cylindrical pin, 9-screw I, 10-limit screw, 11-screw II, 12-screw III, 13-hexagonal thin nut, 14-cylindrical pin shaft, 15-screw IV, 16-type 1 hexagonal nut, 17-support nail, 18-angular zero point positioning joint, 19-zero point positioning joint, 20-cylindrical pin I, 21-lubricating oil nozzle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to better explain the present invention and facilitate understanding, the technical solutions and effects of the present invention are described in detail below through specific implementation modes in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0031] The conventional clamping method currently used is to add screws to two inverted pins and tighten them from the bottom, but this installation is very inconvenient. The lower surface of the installation edge of the lubricating oil nozzle 21 is a cast surface. After milling, there are residual burrs that are allowed to be retained by the design and cannot be completely removed, so the upper surface can only be used as a positioning reference. At the same time, the weight reduction requirements need to be considered under the premise of ensuring the strength of the fixture. Therefore, the focus of this application is how to achieve the clamping operation above the processing. The current clamping method is that the lubricating oil nozzle 21 must pass the part support rod as a whole through the clamping plate groove and then install it on the positioning upper plate. The part installation space is small, and the diameter of the clamping block must be less than 10mm. At the same time, the pressure plate of the lubricating oil nozzle 21 is approached and clamped in a circular arc trajectory. Therefore, the clamping device used for clamping needs to have a built-in universal shaft device to ensure that the clamping force is always perpendicular to the part plane, and the clamping area is large enough to prevent crushing.

[0032] like Figure 1-4As shown, the present application provides an aircraft engine oil nozzle milling shape quick-change tooling, including a zero-point positioning plate 1, the bottom of the zero-point positioning plate 1 is provided with a zero-point positioning joint 19 and an angular zero-point positioning joint 18 for positioning; a plurality of columns 4 are vertically fixed on the upper part of the zero-point positioning plate 1, and the column 4 is fixed to the zero-point positioning plate 1 by a screw IV15, and the screw IV15 is a hexagon socket head screw; the fixture top plate 2 is fixed to the top of the column 4 and locked by a nut, and the nut used in this embodiment is a type 1 hexagonal nut 16; a cylindrical pin 14 is provided between the two columns 4 on the same side, and a plurality of clamping members 6 for installing and fixing the oil nozzle 21 are rotatably connected to the cylindrical pin 14; in this embodiment, a total of two parallel cylindrical pins 14 are included, and each cylindrical pin 14 is rotatably connected to four clamping members 6, so that a total of eight oil nozzles 21 can be clamped at the same time. The clamping member 6 is Y-shaped, wherein the two branch ends are used for connection and fixation with the lubricating oil nozzle 21, and the other end is a balancing end, which is lighter than the two branch ends; the clamping member 6 rotates downward due to gravity in a natural state, providing space for the installation of the lubricating oil nozzle 21; a limiting screw 10 is provided on the upper part of the balancing end of the clamping member 6, and the limiting screw 10 in this embodiment is a hexagon socket cylindrical head screw; the limiting screw 10 passes through the fixture top plate 2 and the nut gland 5 and is pressed on the upper part of the balancing end of the clamping member 6, and the nut gland 5 is screwed by screw III 12 is fixed on the lower surface of the clamp top plate 2, and a nut is embedded in the nut cover 5. In this embodiment, a hexagonal thin nut 13 is used. The limit screw 10 is threadedly connected to the hexagonal thin nut 13 to adjust the height of the limit screw 10. The end of the limit screw 10 is against the balancing end of the clamping piece 6 to balance the clamping piece 6. When downward pressure is applied to the balancing end by the limit screw 10, the two branch ends rotate upward to realize the clamping part operation, thereby fixing the position of the clamping piece 6 to prevent it from rotating during the processing; when the part needs to be disassembled, the limit screw 10 is kept away from the clamping piece 6.

[0033] The clamping member 6 is provided with a connecting seat 3 on both sides of the two branch ends, and the top of the connecting seat 3 is connected and fixed to the fixture top plate 2 through a cylindrical pin I20 and a screw II 11. In this embodiment, the connecting seat 3 is connected to the fixture top plate 2 through two cylindrical pins I 20 and two screws II 11. The connecting seat 3 can convert the downward tightening force of the limit screw 10 into the upward pressing force of the supporting pin 17, so as to realize the part pressing operation above the fixture, and the operation space is larger and more convenient.

[0034] A clamping device supporting nail 17 for clamping is arranged between the two branch ends of the clamping piece 6 and the mounting plate of the lubricating oil nozzle 21. The supporting nail 17 is fixed to the branch end of the clamping piece 6 by a screw 19. The supporting nail 17 used in this example is a commercially available universal supporting nail 17, which has a universally adjustable supporting hemisphere with the top cut into a plane, thereby ensuring that the clamping force of the tooling on the mounting plate of the lubricating oil nozzle 21 is always perpendicular to the plane of the part, and the clamping area is large enough to prevent compression injuries. The screw 19 used in this embodiment is a hexagonal cylindrical head screw.

[0035] Two positioning pins are arranged on the clamp top plate 2 corresponding to the two branch ends of the clamp 6, forming a typical one-side two-pin positioning method with the clamp top plate 2. The two pins are a cylindrical pin 8 and a diamond pin 7, respectively, to eliminate the over-positioning phenomenon; the upper part of the positioning pin has an interference fit with the clamp top plate 2, and the lower part has a clearance fit with the two connecting holes on the mounting plate of the lubricating oil nozzle 21, and together with the mounting plate part of the lubricating oil nozzle 21, it is attached to the top of the supporting pin 17.

[0036] The quick-change fixture also includes a pneumatic adjustment fixing plate. In this embodiment, a commercially available normally closed start adjustment fixing plate is used, such as Figure 5-6 As shown, the pneumatic adjustment fixing plate is fixed on the milling machine workbench and connected to an external air source. The zero point positioning joint 19 and the angular zero point positioning joint 18 at the bottom of the zero point positioning plate 1 cooperate with the pneumatic adjustment fixing plate to realize the positioning and clamping of the quick-change tooling. When it is necessary to replace the next group of parts for processing, it is only necessary to inflate the pneumatic adjustment fixing plate through the air source to separate the zero point positioning plate 1 from the pneumatic adjustment fixing plate to realize quick replacement without disassembling the pneumatic adjustment fixing plate to cause secondary positioning.

[0037] The above-mentioned fixture can achieve high repeat positioning accuracy, realize in-machine processing and out-machine replacement, and no need for repeated alignment. With the normally closed pneumatic adjustment fixing plate, when changing the model, you only need to connect the air source to replace the fixture, and lock it after closing the air source, so that the machine tool can continue processing.

[0038] The method for using the above-mentioned quick-change tool for milling the shape of an aircraft engine oil nozzle specifically comprises the following steps:

[0039] Step 1: Install the pneumatic adjustment fixing plate on the milling machine workbench;

[0040] Step 2: Install the lubricating oil nozzle 21 at the bottom of the fixture top plate 2, so that the mounting plate portion of the lubricating oil nozzle 21 matches the positioning pin at the bottom of the fixture top plate 2; adjust the limit screw 10 so that it is close to the balance end of the clamping piece 6 and contacts it, so that the branch end of the clamping piece 6 rotates upward and approaches the lower surface of the part mounting plate until it contacts and is pressed;

[0041] Step 3: Install the tooling with the installed parts onto the pneumatic adjustment fixing plate;

[0042] Step 4: Cut off the gas source and run the processing program for CNC processing;

[0043] Step 5: When the next set of parts needs to be replaced for processing, it is only necessary to inflate the pneumatic adjustment fixing plate through the air source to separate the zero point positioning plate 1 from the pneumatic adjustment fixing plate to achieve quick replacement, and then repeat steps 2 to 4, wherein step 2 can be performed while the machine tool is running.

Claims

1. A quick-change tool for milling the shape of an aircraft engine oil nozzle, characterized in that: It includes a zero-point positioning plate, and a zero-point positioning joint and an angular zero-point positioning joint for positioning are arranged at the bottom of the zero-point positioning plate; a plurality of columns are vertically fixed on the upper part of the zero-point positioning plate; the top plate of the fixture is fixed to the top of the column and locked by a nut; a cylindrical pin is arranged between the two columns on the same side, and a plurality of clamping members for installing and fixing the lubricating oil nozzles are rotatably connected to the cylindrical pin; the clamping member is Y-shaped, wherein the two branch ends are used for connecting and fixing the lubricating oil nozzles, and the other end is a balancing end, and the weight is less than the two branch ends; a limiting screw is arranged on the upper part of the balancing end of the clamping member, and the limiting screw is arranged on the upper part of the balancing end of the clamping member. The screw passes through the top plate of the clamp and the nut gland is pressed against the upper part of the balanced end of the clamp. The nut gland is fixed to the lower surface of the top plate of the clamp by screw III. A nut is embedded in the nut gland. The limit screw is threadedly connected with the hexagonal thin nut to adjust the height of the limit screw. The end of the limit screw is pressed against the balanced end of the clamp to balance the clamp, thereby fixing the position of the clamp to prevent it from rotating during processing; a clamping device support nail for clamping is provided between the two branch ends of the clamp and the mounting plate of the lubricating oil nozzle, and the support nail is fixed to the branch end of the clamp by screw I; The quick-change fixture also includes a pneumatic adjustment fixing plate, which is fixed on the milling machine workbench and connected to an external air source. The zero point positioning joint and the angular zero point positioning joint at the bottom of the zero point positioning plate cooperate with the pneumatic adjustment fixing plate. The tooling comprises two cylindrical pins arranged in parallel, each cylindrical pin is rotatably connected with four clamping members, and can clamp eight lubricating oil nozzles at the same time; Two locating pins are arranged on the top plate of the clamp corresponding to the two branch ends of the clamping piece, forming a typical one-side two-pin positioning method with the top plate of the clamp. The two pins are a cylindrical pin and a diamond pin respectively, which eliminates the over-positioning phenomenon; the upper part of the locating pin has an interference fit with the top plate of the clamp, and the lower part has a clearance fit with the two connecting holes on the mounting plate of the lubricating oil nozzle, and is attached to the top of the supporting nail together with the mounting plate part of the lubricating oil nozzle.

2. The quick-change tool for milling the shape of an aircraft engine oil nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The column is fixed on the zero point positioning plate by means of screw IV, and screw IV is a hexagon socket cylindrical head screw.

3. The quick-change tool for milling the shape of an aircraft engine oil nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nut is a type 1 hexagonal nut.

4. The quick-change tool for milling the shape of an aircraft engine oil nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limit screw is a hexagon socket head screw.

5. The quick-change tool for milling the shape of an aircraft engine oil nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nut embedded in the nut gland is a hexagonal thin nut.

6. The quick-change tool for milling the shape of an aircraft engine oil nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping member is provided with connecting seats on both sides of the two branch ends, and the top of the connecting seat is connected and fixed to the top plate of the fixture through a cylindrical pin I and a screw II.

7. The method for using the quick-change tool for milling the shape of an aircraft engine oil nozzle according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The specific steps include: Step 1: Install the pneumatic adjustment fixing plate on the milling machine workbench; Step 2: Install the lubricating oil nozzle at the bottom of the fixture top plate, so that the mounting plate part of the lubricating oil nozzle matches the positioning pin at the bottom of the fixture top plate; adjust the limit screw to make it close to and contact the balance end of the clamping piece, so that the branch end of the clamping piece rotates upward and approaches the lower surface of the part mounting plate until it contacts and is clamped; Step 3: Install the tooling with the installed parts onto the pneumatic adjustment fixing plate; Step 4: Cut off the gas source and run the processing program for CNC processing; Step 5: When the next set of parts needs to be replaced for processing, it is only necessary to inflate the pneumatic adjustment fixing plate through the air source to separate the zero point positioning plate from the pneumatic adjustment fixing plate to achieve quick replacement, and then repeat steps 2 to 4. Step 2 can be performed while the machine tool is running.

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